Indian Salaya Project 2x600MW Power Station Training Manual

2x600MW Training Manual

（20110223）

中国哈尔滨汇通电力工程有限公司 发 布

Issued by Harbin Huitong Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd.

 Indian Salaya Project 2x600MW Power Station

Training Manual of Chemical Water Treatment and Monitoring

ESSAR Group

哈尔滨电站工程有限责任公司

HARBIN POWER ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED

哈尔滨汇通电力工程有限公司

Harbin Huitong Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd.

600MW Training Material of Chemical Water Treatment and Monitoring

CONTENT
1 Importance of Chemical Water Treatment in Power Plant .....................................................................................................4
1.1 Thermal Power Plant Water Steam System ................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Damage of Poor Water Steam Quality .........................................................................................................................................4
2 Introduction of Typical Make-up Water Technology Flow.....................................................................................................5
2.1 Ultra-filtration ....................................................................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Reverse Osmosis ...............................................................................................................................................................................6
2.3 Ion Exchanging Demineralization ................................................................................................................................................7
2.3.1 Structure of Ion Exchanging Resin........................................................................................................... 7
2.3.2 Ion Exchange Demineralization Principle ................................................................................................. 8
2.3.3 Operation Mode of Ion Desalting Exchanging System................................................................................ 8
3 Chemical Water Steam Supervision .......................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Purpose of Water Steam Supervision ........................................................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Items of Water Steam Supervision:............................................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 Water Steam Quality Standard .................................................................................................................................................... 10
4 Water Steam Dosing Sampling System .................................................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Purpose and Items of Water Steam Dosing.............................................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Water Steam Sampling System Operation ............................................................................................................................... 11
4.2.1 Check before Putting in Water Steam Sampling Analyzing Device............................................................. 11
4.2.2 Operation Supervision of Water Steam Sampling Analyzing Device........................................................... 11
5 Design and Operation of Power Plant Condensate Fine Process Treatment .................................................................... 12
5.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Design Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3 Condensate Fine Process System Operation ........................................................................................................................... 13
5.3.1 Operation of Filter ............................................................................................................................... 13
5.3.2 Operation of Mixed Bed ....................................................................................................................... 13
5.3.3 Condensate Mixed Ded Operation Steps................................................................................................. 13
5.4 Regeneration of Mixed Bed Resin ............................................................................................................................................. 15
5.5 Common Fault Treatment of Condensate Fine Process System......................................................................................... 16

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 600MW Training Material of Chemical Water Treatment and Monitoring

Training Material of Chemistry for Indian Salaya Project

1 Importance of Chemical Water Treatment in Power Plant

1.1 Thermal Powe r Plant Water Steam System

In the thermal power plant, water is the working medium for transferring energy. When the water entered into the

boiler, it becomes the steam after absorbing the thermal energy released by material burning, and then enters into the

turbine. In the turbine, the thermal energy of the steam is transformed into mechanical energy; the generator then

transforms the mechanical energy into power energy and send to the grid. To guarantee the normal operation of the unit,

the power plant has restrict requirement to the quality of the boiler feed water, and the higher the steam parameter, the

stricter the requirement is.

Steam enters into the condenser after working in the turbine and becomes condensate after cooling down, the

condensate is sent to fine process device through condensate pump to remove the impurity and salinity, and then to the

LP heater, then to the deaerator after heating, at last to boiler by water pump after heating by HV heater.

In the above-mentioned system, though the water steam is circulating, the loss of water steam is unavoidable during

operation. To keep a balance of the water steam in power plant thermal system, guarantee the normal water steam

circulating operation, it is required to feed qualified water to the boiler at any time to make up the loss. Water of this

part is called make up water.

1.2 Damage of Poor Water Steam Quality

Water quality of the thermal system is one of the most important factors to affect the safety, economic operation of

thermal power plant thermal equipments (boiler, turbine, etc.). The raw water without taking purifying treatment

contains lots of impurities; this kind of water is not allowed to enter into the water steam circulation system of thermal

equipment. It should take proper purifying treatment and only when it is qualified, it can guarantee the safety stable

operation of the thermal power equipments.

If the water of poor quality enters into the water steam circulating system, it will lead to below damages: 1) thermal

equipments encrust 2) corrosion to the thermal equipments 3) salification of the superheater and turbine will lead to

accidents like pipe explosion, unit shut down, seriously affect the safety operation of the power plant.

Chemical water treatment in the thermal power plant mainly burdens below tasks:

1）Raw material purifying: Make-up water technology required for preparing thermal power system includes

pretreatments like clarification, filter to remove the suspended matter and colloidal solid in raw water and

demineralization treatment to remove all soluble salts. Treatment for preparing make-up water is normally called

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external water treatment.

2）Feed-water treatment: Get rid of the dissolved oxygen or take dosing treatment like oxygen dosing, PH value

increasing in the feeding water to guarantee the quality of the water.

3）Boiler water treatment: The main purpose of boiler water treatment is to form the protective oxide film at hi-heat

load area to delay the corrosion to the boiler pipes and relative negative effect, minimize the encrustation of the heating

surface. Normally, the treatments are including: phosphate treatment, all volatilization treatment, equalizing phosphate

treatment, low phosphate treatment.

4）Condensate treatment: For the units of high parameters, carry out purifying treatments such as deferrization,

demineralization to the turbine condensate water.

5）Cooling water treatment: To the DC cooling circulating water, the treating method of dosing should be adopted to

prevent the breeding of microorganism, which is also called circulating water treatment.

6）Water steam supervision: Carry out supervision to water steam quality of every section, every stage and treat when

the quality is deteriorating, which is also one of the working contents of water treatment.

7）Outage maintenance of unit: Along with the increasing of unit capacity and participating with cycling loading, the

unit outage maintenance becomes more and more important, besides, it close relationship with water treatment

working. It includes working like carry out dosing treatment to the thermal power system before unit outage.

8）Chemical cleaning: When the encrustation on the boiler water cooling wall exceeds departmental standards,

chemical cleaning should be carried out to the boiler proper. During process of chemical cleaning, it is required that

water of different quality should be provided at different stages, so water treatment working is one of the important

factors to guarantee chemical cleaning affect. Besides, power plant water treatment working also includes generator

cooling water treatment, generator rotor hydrogen cooling system supply hydrogen and waste water treatment from all

ditches.

2 Introduction of Typical Make-up Water Technology Flow

• Sea water  sea water intake pump  sea water response setting pond sea water clean water pond  sea

water clean water pump  ultra-filtration protective filter  ultra-filter  ultra-filtration product water tank 

sea water booster pump  5 protective filter  primary sea water reverse osmosis HP pump and energy recovery

plant  primary sea water reverse osmosis device  primary sea water reverse osmosis water tank  secondary

reverse osmosis intake pump  5 protective filter  secondary reverse osmosis HP pump  secondary reverse

osmosis device  secondary reverse osmosis water tank  secondary reverse osmosis production water pump 

anodic floating bed cathode floating bed  mixed bed  demineralization water tank  demineralization

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water pump  LP deaerator

Introduction of process main water treatment technology:

2.1 Ultra-filtration

Ultra-filtration is a pressurized membrane separation technique. That is under a certain pressure, small molecule solute

and solvate can pass the special membrane with a certain aperture, the large molecule solute then cannot pass the

aperture and left at other side of the membrane, thus partial purification of the large molecule material is realized.

Ultra-filtration principle is also a membrane separation principle. Ultra-filtration adopts a kind of pressure activated

membrane, under action of external counterforce (pressure), it is a separation process that the colloid, particulate, and

the materials of higher molecular weight can be held back, while water and smaller solute particulate passes the

membrane. Microvoid screen of the membrane surface can hold the material of 3x10000—1x10000 molecular weight.

When the water to be treated flows passing the surface of the membrane under action of external pressure, water

molecule and solute less than 300-500 molecular weight can pass the membrane, while particulate larger than the

membrane microvoid, large molecule will be held back because of the screening function, thus the water is purified.

That is, when water passes the ultra-filtration membrane, large part of colloidal silica in the water can be removed and

large amount of organics can be removed at the same time.

2.2 Reverse Osmosis

When the pure water and saline water is separated by the ideal semipermeable membrane, the ideal semipermeable

only allows water to pass but not the salinity, at that time, water of the pure water side will automatically pass the

semipermeable and flow to the saline water side, this phenomenon is called osmosis, if forcing pressure at saline water

side of the membrane, the automatic flow of the water will be restrained and slowed down, when the forced pressure

reaches to a certain value, net flow of water passing the membrane is zero, this pressure is called osmotic pressure,

when the pressure forced on the saline water side of the membrane is larger than the osmotic pressure, flow of the

water will be reversed, at that time, water contented in the saline water will flow to the pure water side, this above

phenomenon is the basic principle of reverse osmosis treatment.

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Reverse osmosis treating technology is basically belongs to the physical method, with the help of physical chemical

process, it has below advantages which the traditional water treatment methods are not equipped with:

1) Reverse osmosis is under condition of room temperature, adopts physical method to desalt, purify the water

without transition.

2) Water treatment just takes pressure of the water as counterforce; the energy loss is the minimum in lots of treating

methods.

3) No large amount chemical medicine is needed or acid, alkali regeneration treatment.

4) No chemical waste liquid or waste acid, alkali discharge, no neutralizing treating process of waste acid, alkali, no

environment pollution.

5) The system is simple, easy to operate, water quality of the product is stable, pure water of high quality can be get

through secondary reverse osmosis.

6) Suitable for raw water quality of large scope, not only suitable for treatment of bitter salty water, sea water and

waste water, but also for fresh water contains low salt.

7) The floor space of the equipment is small, required space is also small.

8) Working for operation maintenance and equipment maintenance is extremely less.

2.3 Ion Exchanging Demine ralization

2.3.1 Structure of Ion Exchanging Resin

External of ion exchanging resin is white, yellow or brown ball, whose the diameter is around 0.3~1.2mm. The interior

is net shaped structure frame. Between the frames, there are lots of pore spaces and ion exchanging gene, pore space of

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the resin net shaped structure is full of water, it can constitute solution of high concentration with exchanging ion, so

that it has the possibility to exchange the ion with the ion in the external water. Ion exchanging resin structure is as

picture 3-1.

Picture 2-1 Ion exchanging resin structure

2.3.2 Ion Exchange Demineralization Principle

Ion exchange is a chemical reaction, it is reversible. Take the reaction of H type ion exchange resin and Ca2+ for

example, the response equation is:

2RH + Ca2+ = R2 Ca +2H+

When the reaction goes to the step that most ion exchange resin is changed into Ca type, and it cannot continue to

exchange Ca2+ in the water into H+ completely, the HCI solution can be used to recover the resin back to H type by

using reverse reaction of the response equation through this Ca type resin. This reversible reaction is:

Rca + 2HCl = 2RH + CaCl2

This is ion exchange and regeneration principle.

2.3.3 Operation Mode of Ion Desalting Exchanging System

Put ion exchange resin of the same type into the exchanger and combined together according to a certain requirement

of technology, which is the ion exchange desalting exchanging system. If combine H type anode bed with OH type

cathode bed, the raw water pass H type and OH type exchanger once, then this system is called primary desalting; if a

mixed bed is added after primary desalting system, then it is called primary desalting mixed bed system, there are two

pipe connection methods of desalting system, one is range system, the other is unit system.

Primary desalting is a simpler and wider adopted technology in desalting technologies. It is a system which combined

of one strong acid H type cation exchanger, one decarbonator and one strong alkaline OH type anion exchanger. In this

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method, the anode bed and cathode bed operate at the same time and carry out regeneration at the same time. Showing

as below picture

Counter current regeneration ion exchanger regeneration step is as below:

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3 Chemical Water Steam Supervision

3.1 Purpose of Water Steam Supervision

The purpose of water steam supervision is to reflex water steam quality variation degree of thermal power system by

analyzing the water steam quality of thermal power system, grasp the operation pattern, regulate and handle in time to

guarantee the water steam is qualified, prevent corrosion, deposition, salification in the thermal power system and

guarantee the unit safety economic operation. Our company uses steam water central sampling analyzing device to

realize supervision and analysis of water steam quality in thermal power system, and condensate leakage detect system

is used to supervise operating condition of condenser, judge whether leakage is happened to the condenser.

To prevent faults like deposition, corrosion and salification of boiler and its thermal power system, quality of water and

steam should arrive to a certain standard. Water, steam quality supervision is using instruments or chemical analyzing

method to measure whether qualify of water and steam meets the standard so that measures can be taken when

necessary.

3.2 Items of Water Steam Supervision:

Steam: including steam sodium content, silicon content, electrical conductivity.

Boiler: including boiler silicone content, PH value, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, phosphate concentration etc.

Boiler make-up water: including hardness, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, PH, hydrazine, full iron, full

copper content etc.

Condensate water: including hardness, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity etc.

Stator cooling water: including electrical conductivity, PH, full iron, full copper content etc.

3.3 Water Steam Quality Standard

According to the different type of boiler, different steam pressure, water steam quality s tandard is different. The details

is specified in national standard

4 Water Steam Dosing Sampling System

4.1 Purpose and Ite ms of Water Steam Dosing

To make water steam quality reaches a certain standard, to prevent phenomena like corrosion, deposition and

salification of the thermal power system, some medicine is must to be added in the thermal power system. According

to different chemical water condition, the adopted dosing type is different. Subcritical drum boiler thermal water steam

system adopts all volatilization treatment, which is dosing certain aqua ammonia in the water to increase the PH value,

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and dose proper hydrazine to remove the residual dissolved oxygen in the water at the same time to reach the purpose

of protect thermal system pipes. Dosing proper phosphate in the water, the phosphate then generates granulating slag

with calcium ion, magnesium ion which can be removed through blowing down to prevent fouling.

Special dosing system is set for water steam dosing; automatically adjusting dosing flow can be realized through water

steam quality feedback.

4.2 Water Steam Sampling System Operation

4.2.1 Check Before Putting in Water Steam Sampling Analyzing Device

All valves of sampling system are under state of closing.

Online analyzing instrument sample injection valve is under is under state of closing.

Resin in ion exchange column is well prepared.

Dimineralized cooling device has been put in, pressure and temperature of cooling water is normal, treat

immediately if there is any leakage.

4.2.2 Operation Supervision of Water Steam Sampling Analyzing Device

Pay attention to observe that cooling water has no phenomenon of interruption so as not to damage the equipment

because of over high temperature. If fault leads to water interruption, water sampling over temperature protection

magnetic valve should close automatically, at the same time, close sampling primary and secondary valve immediately

and recover cooling water supply in the shortest time.

Pay attention to observe the stability and reliability of online analyzing instrument.

Supervise temperature of every water sampling is not higher than 50℃, if exceeds 50℃, check whether temperature

and flow of cooling water meet the requirement. If the requirement cannot be met, reduce water sampling flow

correspondingly.

Pay attention to observe temperature of thermostatic water is within scope of 25±1℃, or, connect maintainer to

regulate the thermostatic device in time.

Periodically check water sampling flow of online instruments and regulate in time;

Pay attention to observe whether ion exchange resin is valid. If valid, connect maintainers to replace regeneration

qualified resin in time.

Sampling primary, secondary valves are HP pin valve and not suitable for frequent operation cannot be used for

sampling flow regulating.

If water sampling flow decreased gradually because of thread pressure reduction valve encrustation, connect with the

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maintainer to clean the pressure reduction valve thread pole, and temperature pressure reduction frame sampling

primary, secondary valve before stripping and cleaning.

Personnel should stand at valve side at the time of starting up to prevent being scalded from valve leakage.

During the period from shutting down boiler to boiler warming boiler filling, since the steam water system is kept

certain pressure and temperature, high temperature

During outage and maintenance procedure of this equipment, every measuring system of chemical analyzing

instruments who has water flow or electrode should keep a certain water level to prevent electrode from drying which

will affect the accuracy.

5 Design and Operation of Power Plant Condensate Fine Process Treatment

5.1 Overvie w

Condensate water, in this fine process system , is treated by 3×50﹪high speed flow mixed bed. Two machine sets

consisting two fine process system units, one for regeneration and the other for assistance (see detail PI&D). Each fine

process unit has three high speed flow mixed beds, three resin traps, one recycle pump. Meanwhile this unit is in first

layer of main power building, the regeneration unit is consisted by separating tower, anion regeneration tower, fine

process regeneration tower (resin storage tank) and resin trap, and assistance unit has roots blower, hot water tank, acid

&alkali ejector which are centralized controlled in regeneration room and acid, alkali zone of first layer, see detailed

layout drawing.

Detailed parameter (see the materials provided by the manufacturer)

5.2 Design Introduction

The impurity in condensate water could be classified in two main kinds. One is dissolving salt which is consisted of

salt residue, generated by makeup water treatment and some sale carried by steam or leakage of condenser. The other is

corrosion products generated by metal in heating system, such as Fe, Copper oxide etc. In order to meet the water

quality of boiler feed water, it shall be took advanced treatment to condensate water.

In normal condition condensate fine process system is used to clean the corrosion products generated by heating

system and some dissolving sale carried by feed water. At the small leakage rate of condenser condition, make the

steam turbine generator operating smoothly in Max output by improve the regeneration frequency of fine process

mixed bed, yet when leakage rate is big, it could provide the essential runtime for safety close of machine sets.

Outside high flow regeneration mixed bed is chosen as condensate fine process system and high tower separation

system be used in the outside resin regeneration system. This system is designed according to water quality of outlet

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and inlet in condensate fine process system and scope of supply in this project.

5.3 Condensate Fine Process System Operation

5.3.1 Operation of Filter

At the initial stage of unit startup, when the iron content of the condensate exceeds 1000ug/L, it is put in to mixed bed

system but only to the filter; reduce the metal corrosion products in the system promptly. During operation, when inlet

outlet water pressure of one filter exceeds the set value, the filter quits operation, bypass valve will open, 50% of

condensate will go through the bypass; when the two filters are shutdown, bypass valve opened completely and passed

100% of the whole flow.

Water and compressed air are used to clean the invalid filter, when the filter is cleaned qualified can it be put in

operation or standby. Under normal situation, if filter operates exceeds the set valve of inlet, outlet pressure differential

(such as 0.12Mpa), clean the filtering element.

5.3.2 Operation of Mixed Bed

During normal working condition of the unit, two mixed beds are under continuous operation state, condensate enters

into thermal power system after being processed by mixed bed. When effluent electrical conductivity or SiO2 of one

mixed bed exceeds the standard, or inlet effluent pressure difference ＞0.35 MPA, startup one standby mixed bed and

carry out circulating flushing until the effluent is qualified and enters into the system. Quit operation of the invalid

mixed bed at the same time and send the invalid resin to the regeneration system to regenerate, after that transport the

resin in the storage tower which has been cleaned and mixed to this mixed bed for standby.

At the initial stage of putting in mixed bed, if the effluent water quality cannot meet the requirement, transport the

effluent water back by recirculation pump to mixed bed for circulating treatment through recirculation unit until the

effluent water electrical conductivity is qualified.

When condensate temperature is higher than 50℃ or system pressure difference is larger than 0.35Mpa, fine process

system bypass opens automatically, close inlet, outlet main valve at the same time, condensate goes through bypass

100%.

Condensate mixed bed is carried out according to H/OH, invalid standard: effluent electrical conductivity ＞0.2us/cm

（25℃）or SiO2＞15ug/L or mixed bed inlet outlet pressure difference ＞0.35 MPA.

5.3.3 Condensate Mixed Bed Operation Steps

Mixed bed operation is a circulation comprised by ten steps. The ten steps are:

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1) Step-up

The process that mixed bed is stepped up to condensate pressure from standby with zero gauge pressure is called

step-up. To increase the mixed pressure smoothly and steadily, booster intake bypass with small diameter tube is

specially set to guarantee intake of a small water flow. If water intake is directly from intake main, the flow will be

large and fast which will lead a prompt boosting and may damage the equipment mechanical. So water is not

allowed to take from the main at stage of boosting.

2) Circulating Flashing

The same as make-up mixed bed, resin of condensate mixed bed regenerated need flashing before putting into

operation, the outlet water will be qualified. The difference is, condensate mixed bed flushing effluent is not

discharged directly but sent back to mixed bed through special recirculation unit to carry out circulation cleaning

to the resin until the effluent is qualified. Using flashing water circularly can economize large amount of

condensate water and lessen the water loss.

3) Operation

Operation means the stage of mixed bed demineralizing purifying water, the qualified mixed bed effluent will

send to the thermal power system after regulating PH value through ammonia dosing.

Supervise every operation parameter during operation process, when any of below situations appears, stop the

mixed bed operation:

Effluent quality exceeds the standard;

Inlet, outlet water pressure of mixed bed is larger than 0.35Mpa；

Temperature of condensate is larger than 50℃；

Iron content of the condensate enters into the mixed bed is larger than 1000ug/L;

The matched unit shops operation.

The first condition is mixed bed normal invalid outage, effluent is unqualified which means mixed bed needs

regeneration; others are mixed normal outage or invalid outage. When came across these kind of conditions, the

mixed bed only needs to be shut down but not regenerated, when the condition is recovered normal, it can be

started up for operation. Mixed bed invalid can be recovered to standby condition only after taking below steps

operation regeneration.

4) Relief

The mixed bed can be disconnected and quit operation only after the pressure is decreased to zero. Relief is to

decrease the pressure in the bed through discharging water or exhausting until it is equal to the atmospheric

pressure.

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5) Resin Sending Out

It is means moving the mixed bed invalid resin to external regeneration system. The method is starting up flushing

pump and sending the invalid resin out to the separating tower of the external regeneration system by using the

flushing water. Compressed air is used to lose resin layer before sending out the resin. After the resin is sent out,

use compressed air to flush the residual resin in the mixed bed and the pipes to the separating tower.

6) Resin Sending into

After all mixed bed invalid resin has been moved to the separating tower. Send the storage the resin in the tower

which has been regenerated cleaned and mixed into the mixed bed.

7) Drain off Water, Regulate Water Level

A certain degree layering is generated during process of sending into mixed bed, to guarantee effluent quality of

the mixed bed, the compressed air is need to be sent into the mixed bed for secondary mixing. After water sending

resin is completed, resin surface of the mixed bed has much pounding, if it is not discharged, it will affect the

mixing effect. Because when the gas inlet is stopped, cathode anode resin will be re-separated because of different

settlement speed. To guarantee the resin mixing affect, this part of pounding should be drained to about

100-200mm above resin surface.

8) Resin Mixing

Using compressed air to agitating resin layer, disorder the layering arranging state of cathode anode resin to

uniform mix cathode resin and anode resin. Mixed gas flow is 2.3—2.4Nm3/(m2·min), air pressure is

0.1—0.15Mpa, time is about 10min.

9) Resin Settlement

Naturally settlement of agitated uniform resin

10) Filling Water

Filling water is full fill the bed. After resin settlement, above the resin layer the water layer depth is only

100-200mm, if the above space is not filled with water, the resin layer dehydration may occur and enter into some

air during operation of startup process.

Until here, mixed bed goes into standby condition.

5.4 Regeneration of Mixed Bed Resin

Condensate mixing bed normally adopts external regeneration mode, external regeneration is moving the invalid resin

in the mixed bed to a special device to regenerate, the regenerated resin is then resent back to mixed bed operation.

According to design specification, mixed bed of every two units has one set of external regeneration system. The flow

is as below:

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External regeneration system is equipped with below main functions: first is separate cathode resin, anode resin; the

second is air scrubbing resin to remove metal corrosion products; the third is carry out regenerating cleaning to the

invalid resin.

5.5 Common Fault Treatment of Condensate Fine Process System

Abnormal Situation Treatment of Fine Process System

Abnormal
S/N Reason analysis Handling methods
phenomena

1. Mixed bed is 1. Outage and regenerate.

invalid
2. Remixing
2. Resin mixture
3. Connect relative personnel to check whether it is
unbalanced
condenser leakage in time.
3. Water quality of
4. Check the dosage, purity of regenerant, make
condensate goes
clear the reasons
bed
Mixed bed outlet 5. Make clear the reason, take measure like regulate
4. Regenerant is
1 water is backwashing water flow.
unqualified
unqualified
6. Regenerate, increase the times for resin
5. Regeneration
transportation.
layer is
unobvious. 7. Recover the resin, and replace if invalid.

6. Mixed bed resin

transportation is
incomplete

7. Resin pollution

1. The same 1. The same treating method like

reason like sequence 1.
Periodical water sequence 1.
2 2. Check and eliminate the bias.
production
2. Mixing resin
3. Replace or recover the resin.
generates bias

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3. Resin aging or
loss

1. Flow speed is
1. Reduce flow speed.
over high
Temperature of 2. Recovery resin.
2. Resin is
3 mixed bed raised
polluted. 3. Rise reverse flushing flow speed,
promptly
supervise outlet, and prevent large
3. Too much fine
resin from being taking out.
resin.

1. Bottom leakage 1. Check maintenance bottom.

2. Reverse 2. Reduce reverse flushing flow speed.

flushing flow
4 Resin loss 3. Add proper resin.
speed is over
high.

3. Abrasion.

1. Ejector fault 1. Maintain the ejector

2. Pipe valve fault 2. Check whether the inlet valve, vent

valve, safety valve are normal.
3. Dilute water
flow is over 3. Regulate dilute water flow.
large
4. Guarantee the regenerant is enough.
4. No acid alkali in
5. Verify the instrument
the acid-alkali
Regenerant
tank. 6. Improve quality of the regenerant
5 concentration is
low. 5. Concentration 7. Open large the sampling valve opening
indicates
incorrectly.

6. Regenerant
quality is poor

7. Sampling valve
opening is too
small

Concentration of 1. Increase the diluting water

1. Diluting water
the regenerant is too less 2. Maintain the ejector, regulate outlet
6
after being diluted valve opening of the dosing tank to be
is over high 2. Ejector fault
smaller.

7 Alkali 1. Diluting water 1. Check diluting water flow

temperature is flow is
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over high or over improper. 2. Connect maintainer

low after being
2. Concentration
diluted.
controlling
instrument is
fault

1. Circulating 1. Report to the shift leader, open the

cooling water is bypass valve, shut down mixed bed;
less or
Water 2. Report to the shift leader.
temperature is
temperature in the
over high 3. Report to the shift leader.
8 mixed bed inlet
main exceeds 2. Unit load is
50℃ over high

3. Condenser pipe
encrusts.

1. Pressure and 1. Check whether pressure, flow or valve

flow of the are fault
compressed
2. Regulate the water level to proper
Air mixing hasn’t air is not
height (regulate the time for filling
9 come to the best enough
water)
effect 2. Water level in
the equipment
is over high
or over low

Water level of the

Air mixing and tank proper is Check whether the water level and air flow
10
bring out the resin over high or air is proper
flow is over large

1. If acid-alkali leakage happened during

regeneration operation, stop operation
immediately
Acid-alkali system
container pipe 2. Make clear the leaking point and the reasons and
Acid-alkali corrosion treat
11
system leakage perforation or valve, 3. Pipe system leakage should close storage tank
flange are not tight outlet valve, maintain in time
and even broken
4. If it is storage tank leaks, report to the manager
leader, and maintain after taking effective
measures.

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