L1 - Concept of Physical Fitness
L1 - Concept of Physical Fitness
L1 - Concept of Physical Fitness
Week #1 – Module 2
Nature and Concept of Physical Fitness
Objectives:
At the end of this session, the students should be able to:
a. Define physical fitness, physical activity, physical exercise and sport
b. Understand the benefits of physical fitness
c. Realize general principles of fitness training
d. Make behavior modification to stay fit
INTRODUCTION
You've undoubtedly set objectives, as most college students do.
Obviously, your personal objectives differ from those of your peers, yet
everyone's aspirations have one thing in common: their desire to enhance
individual well-being However, there are as many ways to accomplish this as
there are people. Do you want to make more money, have better health, or
improve your relationships? Holistic wellness encompasses all of these facets
of life as well as others. Maintaining physical fitness and staying conditioned,
on the other hand, has a significant impact on wellbeing.
This section teaches physical fitness ideas that may help you stay
healthy to radiate confidence, optimism, and self-efficacy; they have the
energy reserves to do what has to be done today and to plan for a better
tomorrow. Goals aimed at achieving the highest degree of personal
wellbeing are the most effective and transforming.
LESSON 1: CONCEPTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
B. Physical Activity
It is bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results
in energy expenditure. The term, physical activity, does not require or
imply any specific aspect or quality of movement. The term
encompasses all types, intensities, and domains. Although the term
―physical activity‖ has been used often as a short-hand description for
moderate-to-vigorous-intensity forms of physical activity, given
current interest and discussions about physical activity of intensities
less than moderate-intensity, the term ―physical activity‖ should be
used when discussing the full range of intensities. More specific
descriptors such as sedentary behavior, light, moderate, vigorous, or
moderate-to-vigorous should be used when talking about a specific
range of intensities. Based on predominant physiologic effect, physical
activity can be categorized into aerobic physical activity and anaerobic
physical activity.
Aerobic physical activity includes forms of activity that are
intense enough and performed long enough to maintain or improve an
individual ‘s cardiorespiratory fitness. Aerobic activities such as
walking, basketball, soccer, or dancing, commonly require the use of
large muscle groups. The connection between aerobic activities such
as these and cardiorespiratory fitness is sufficiently close that the term
―aerobic capacity‖ is considered equivalent to cardiorespiratory
fitness. Technically, aerobic physical activity includes any activity that
could be maintained using only oxygen-supported metabolic energy
pathways and could be continued for more than a few minutes.
However, in both common and scientific usage, ―aerobic‖ activity has
come to mean physical activity that would be expected to maintain or
improve cardiorespiratory fitness or aerobic capacity. Whereas
anaerobic physical activity refers to high-intensity activity that exceeds
the capacity of the cardiovascular system to provide oxygen to muscle
cells for the usual oxygen consuming metabolic pathways.
Anaerobic activity can be maintained for only about 2 to 3
minutes. Sprinting and power lifting are examples of anaerobic
physical activity.
C. Physical Exercise
The term "exercise" has
been used interchangeably with
"physical activity", and, in fact,
both have several common
elements. For example, both
physical activity and exercise
involve any bodily movement
produced by skeletal muscles that
expends energy, are measured by kilocalories ranging continuously
from low to high and are positively correlated with physical fitness as
the intensity, duration, and frequency of movements increase.
Exercise, however, is not synonymous with physical activity: it is
a subcategory of physical activity. Exercise is physical activity that is
planned, structured, repetitive, and purposive in the sense that
improvement or maintenance of one or more components of physical
fitness is an objective. The formula relating physical activity and
exercise is: