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    Worksheet 2

    Uploaded by

    Nyoka Dunn
    This document contains 13 questions related to probability distributions including binomial, Poisson, exponential, and normal distributions. The questions cover key concepts such as calculating probabilities, finding distribution parameters, and stating conditions for when different distributions apply. Example problems include finding the probability of a certain number of events occurring, determining distribution means and variances, and estimating probabilities using approximations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Worksheet 2

    Uploaded by

    Nyoka Dunn
    11 views5 pages
    This document contains 13 questions related to probability distributions including binomial, Poisson, exponential, and normal distributions. The questions cover key concepts such as calculating probabilities, finding distribution parameters, and stating conditions for when different distributions apply. Example problems include finding the probability of a certain number of events occurring, determining distribution means and variances, and estimating probabilities using approximations.

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    worksheet2 (4)

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    This document contains 13 questions related to probability distributions including binomial, Poisson, exponential, and normal distributions. The questions cover key concepts such as calculating probabilities, finding distribution parameters, and stating conditions for when different distributions apply. Example problems include finding the probability of a certain number of events occurring, determining distribution means and variances, and estimating probabilities using approximations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views5 pages

    Worksheet 2

    Uploaded by

    Nyoka Dunn
    This document contains 13 questions related to probability distributions including binomial, Poisson, exponential, and normal distributions. The questions cover key concepts such as calculating probabilities, finding distribution parameters, and stating conditions for when different distributions apply. Example problems include finding the probability of a certain number of events occurring, determining distribution means and variances, and estimating probabilities using approximations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Tutorial # 3

    Question 1

    State three (3) conditions for a situation to described using a Binomial model.
    Write down the pdf for the binomial distribution and give a brief description of each term
    A random variable X has the distribution 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵( 12, 𝑝𝑝).
    (a) Given that p = 0.25 find
    (i) 𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋 < 5)
    (ii) 𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋 ≥ 7)
    (b) Given that 𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋 = 0) = 0.05, find the value of 𝑝𝑝 to 3 decimal places.
    (c) Given that the variance of 𝑋𝑋 is 1.92, find the possible values of 𝑝𝑝.

    Question 2

    In a large restaurant an average of 3 out of every 5 customers ask for water with their meal. A
    random sample of 10 customers is selected.

    (a) Find the probability that


    (i) exactly 6 ask for water with their meal,
    (ii) less than 9 ask for water with their meal.

    (b) A second random sample of 50 customers is selected. Find the smallest value of n such that

    𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋 < 𝑛𝑛) ≥ 0.9

    where the random variable X represents the number of these customers who ask for water.

    Question 3
    The probability of a tele-sales representative making a sale on a customer call is 0.15.
    Find the probability that
    (a) no sales are made in 10 calls,
    (b) more than 3 sales are made in 20 calls.
    (c) Representatives are required to achieve a mean of at least 5 sales each day.
    Find the least number of calls each day a representative should make to achieve this
    requirement.
    (d) Calculate the least number of calls that need to be made by a representative for the
    probability of at least 1 sale to exceed 0.95.

    Question 4
    A factory produces components of which 1% are defective. The components are packed in boxes
    of 10. A box is selected at random.
    (a) Find the probability that the box contains exactly one defective component.
    (b) Find the probability that there are at least 2 defective components in the box.
    (c) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that a batch of 250 components contains
    between 1 and 4 (inclusive) defective components.

    Question 5
    State three (3) conditions for a situation to be described using a Poisson model.
    Write down the pdf for the Poisson distribution and give a brief description of each term.
    In a village, power cuts occur randomly ai a rate of 3 per year,
    (a) Find the probability that in any given year there will be
    (i) exactly 7 power cuts.
    (ii) at least 4 power cuts.
    (b) Use a suitable approximation to find the probability that in the next 10 years the number of
    power cuts will be less than 20.

    Question 6
    The number of houses sold by an estate agent follows a Poisson distribution, with a mean of 2
    per week.
    (a) Find the probability that in the next 4 weeks the estate agent sells.
    (i) exactly 3 houses,
    (ii) more than 5 houses.
    (b) The estate agent monitors sales in periods of 4 weeks.
    Find the probability that in the next twelve of these 4-week periods there are exactly nine
    periods in which more than 5 houses are sold.
    (c) The estate agent will receive a bonus if he sells more than 25 houses in the next 10 weeks.
    Use a suitable approximation to estimate the probability that the estate agent receives a
    bonus.

    Question 7
    A website receives hits at a rate of 300 per hour.
    (a) State a distribution that is suitable to model the number of hits obtained during a 1-minute
    interval.
    (b) Stale two reasons for your answer to part (a).
    (c) Find the probability of 10 hits in a given minute.
    (d) at least 15 hits in 2 minutes.
    (e) The website will go down if there are more than 70 hits in 10 minutes.
    Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that the website will go down in a
    10-minute interval.

    Question 8
    Defects occur at random in planks of wood with a constant rate of 0.5 per 10 cm length. Jim buys
    a plank of length 100 cm.
    (a) Find the probability that Jim's plank contains at most 3 defects.
    (b) Shivani buys 6 planks each of length 100 cm.
    Find the probability that fewer than 2 of Shivani's planks contain at most 3 defects.

    (c) Using a suitable approximation, estimate the probability that the total number of defects on
    Shivani's 6 planks is less than 18.
    Question 9
    1
    (a) Given that 𝑋𝑋 ∼ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸(λ), state the pdf of 𝑋𝑋, Prove that 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉[𝑋𝑋] = λ2.
    𝑥𝑥
    (b) The C.D.F of 𝑋𝑋 is given by 𝐹𝐹𝑋𝑋 (𝑥𝑥) = ∫0 𝑓𝑓𝑋𝑋 (𝑡𝑡) 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑, find the C.D.F of 𝑋𝑋 ∼ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸(λ).
    (c) Students arrive at a local bar and restaurant according to an approximate Poisson process
    at a mean rate of 30 students per hour. What is the probability that the bouncer has to
    wait more than 3 minutes to card the next student?

    Question 10
    The average rate of job submissions in a busy computer center is 4 per minute. If it can be
    assumed that the number of submissions per minute interval is Poisson distributed, calculate the
    probability that at least 15 seconds will elapse between any two jobs.

    Question 11
    Suppose that the length of a phone call in minutes is an exponential random variable with
    1
    parameter λ = 10. If someone arrives immediately ahead of you at a public telephone booth, find
    the probability that you will have to wait
    (a) more than 10 minutes;
    (b) between 10 and 20 minutes.

    Question 12
    The heights of adult females are normally distributed with mean 160 cm and standard deviation 8
    cm.
    (a) Find the probability that a randomly selected adult female has a height greater than 170 cm.
    Any adult female whose height is greater than 170 cm is defined as tall. An adult female is
    chosen at random. Given that she is tall.
    (b) Find the probability that she has a height greater than 180 cm.

    Half of tall adult females have a height greater than h cm.


    (c) Find the value of h.
    Question 13
    The weight, in grams, of beans in a tin is normally distributed with mean μ and standard
    deviation 7.8.
    (a) Given that 10% of tins contain less than 200 g. find
    (i) the value of μ
    (ii) the percentage of tins that contain more than 225 g of beans.
    (b) The machine settings are adjusted so that the weight, in grams, of beans in a tin is normally
    distributed with mean 205 and standard deviation σ. Given that 98% of tins contain between
    200 g and 210 g find the value of σ.

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