Hydraulics PDF

Original instructions
en-US 1 2020-07-14
THC 700 Rock pilot Testing and

adjusting
GUID-E1714AFB-367B-4150-8561-76167EF26D3E
THC 700 Rock pilot Testing and adjusting
WARNING
IGNORING INSTRUCTIONS HAZARD!
To avoid death or injury you MUST read, understand and follow
operator's and maintenance manuals before installing, inspecting,
operating, servicing, testing, cleaning, transporting, storing,
dismantling or disposing of the product or a part or accessory of the
product. Keep this publication for future reference.
Copyright © Sandvik 3 (114)

ID:GUID-E1714AFB-367B-4150-8561-76167EF26D3E en-US 1 2020-07-14
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Table of Contents
1 General.............................................................................. 9
1.1 General.........................................................................................................9
2 Safety............................................................................... 11
2.1 Safety..........................................................................................................11
3 Controls and instruments..............................................13

3.1 Controls and instruments........................................................................ 13
3.2 Drilling joystick......................................................................................... 15
4 Valve blocks.................................................................... 17
4.1 Valve blocks...............................................................................................17
4.2 Percussion and feed control block......................................................... 19
4.3 Feed directional valve...............................................................................23
4.4 Feed pressure regulating valve............................................................... 24
4.5 Rotation control valve.............................................................................. 25
4.6 Rotation speed adjustment block............................................................26
4.7 Threading valve block.............................................................................. 27
4.8 Hydraulic oil warm-up valve.....................................................................28
4.9 Anti-jamming valve................................................................................... 29
4.10 Feed motor.................................................................................................30
4.11 Hydraulic pumps and coolers..................................................................32
5 Components....................................................................35
5.1 Components.............................................................................................. 35
6 Operation of system.......................................................41
6.1 Hydraulic oil preheating........................................................................... 41
6.2 Free circulation......................................................................................... 41
6.3 Drilling........................................................................................................41
6.3.1 Colour codes in hydraulic circuit diagrams......................................42
6.4 Rotation......................................................................................................43
6.4.1 Normal rotation................................................................................43
6.4.2 Fast rotation.................................................................................... 44
6.5 Feed............................................................................................................45
6.5.1 Normal feed.....................................................................................45
6.5.2 Fast feed forwards...........................................................................47
6.5.3 Fast feed backwards....................................................................... 49
6.6 Collaring.....................................................................................................50
6.6.1 Minimum power percussion.............................................................51
6.6.2 Feed-percussion follow-up.............................................................. 53
6.6.3 Rattling............................................................................................ 54
6.7 Fast feed drilling forwards....................................................................... 55
6.8 Torque sensing and anti-jamming automatics....................................... 57
6.9 Threading...................................................................................................59
6.9.1 Thread opening............................................................................... 59

6.9.2 Thread closing.................................................................................61
7 Adjustments of hydraulic components........................ 63

7.1 Adjustments of hydraulic components...................................................63
7.2 Pressure settings of variable displacement pump 1............................. 63
7.3 Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (50).........................64
7.4 Adjustment of pilot control valve control pressures.............................65
7.5 Adjusting rotation valve pressures......................................................... 66
7.6 Adjustments of rotation pressure relief valves (60) and (61)................67
7.6.1 Setting the LSA pressure of the A line pressure relief valve (60)....67
7.6.2 Setting the LSB pressure of the B line pressure relief valve (61)....68
7.7 Adjusting percussion minimum pressure/follow-up valve (303)..........69
7.8 Adjusting percussion max pressure relief valve 7................................ 70
7.9 Adjusting reference pressure valve (307)...............................................71
7.10 Feed pressure regulating valve (20)........................................................72
7.11 Adjusting maximum feed speed for drilling (valve 39)..........................73
7.12 Adjustment of the feed orifice (301)........................................................ 74
7.13 Adjustment of maximum pressure for fast forward feed (valve 29).....75
7.14 Adjustment of maximum pressure for fast feed backwards (valve 30)
.................................................................................................................... 77
7.15 Adjusting fast feed maximum speed backwards/forwards...................78
7.16 Adjusting the overcenter valve of feed forwards (valve 31)................. 79
7.17 Adjusting the sensitivity of torque sensing valve (316) and anti-
jamming valve (34). The settings of adjustable restrictor (71) and
pressure relief valve (72).......................................................................... 80
7.18 Adjusting the rock drill rotation speed (valve 59)..................................82
7.19 Adjusting feed and rotation speeds for threading.................................83
7.20 Adjusting the cooler pump (90) pressure relief valve (91).................... 84
7.21 Checking of the pressure relief valve (84) of dust collector motor (82)
.................................................................................................................... 85
7.21.1 Adjusting the pressure relief valve (87) for dust collector pump (80)
........................................................................................................ 86
7.22 Adjusting the transfer gearbox oil circulating pump (353) pressure
relief valve (354)........................................................................................ 87
7.23 Checking the maximum pressure of the engine cooling circuit...........88
7.24 Adjusting of the percussion pressure switch (12) and the rotation
pressure switch (66)................................................................................. 89
8 Hydraulic oil filtration system....................................... 91

8.1 Hydraulic oil filtration system..................................................................91
9 Oil cooling system..........................................................93

9.1 Oil cooling system.................................................................................... 93
10 Troubleshooting............................................................. 95
10.1 General.......................................................................................................95
10.2 Troubleshooting for variable displacement pumps...............................95
10.2.1 Pumps not rotating.......................................................................... 95
10.2.2 Pump rotates normally but stand-by pressure differs from normal 25
bar................................................................................................... 96
10.3 Troubleshooting for percussion.............................................................. 96
10.3.1 Percussion not working at all...........................................................97

10.3.2 Percussion does not stop at all....................................................... 98
10.3.3 Percussion pressure too high during collaring (percussion minimum
power)............................................................................................. 99
10.3.4 Percussion pressure too low during collaring (percussion minimum
power)........................................................................................... 100
10.3.5 Percussion pressure rises too high in feed-percussion follow-up. 100
10.3.6 Percussion pressure remains too low in feed-percussion follow-up
...................................................................................................... 101
10.3.7 Percussion max. pressure too high............................................... 102
10.3.8 Percussion max. pressure level too low........................................ 102
10.4 Troubleshooting for feed functions.......................................................102
10.4.1 Feed movement is not working at all.............................................103
10.4.2 Drilling feed pressure too low........................................................ 105
10.4.3 Drilling feed pressure too high.......................................................106
10.4.4 Fast feed not working.................................................................... 106
10.4.5 Fast feed movement too slow....................................................... 108
10.4.6 Fast feed movement too fast.........................................................108
10.5 Troubleshooting for rotation..................................................................109
10.5.1 Rotation pressure too low during drilling....................................... 109
10.5.2 Rotation pressure too high during drilling......................................109
10.5.3 Rotation speed cannot be adjusted............................................... 110
10.6 Factory settings and measuring points of pressures..........................111


1 GENERAL
1.1 General
These instructions describe the testing and adjusting procedures of the
THC drilling hydraulics as well as the operating principle of the system.
To clarify the operating principle, different situations are illustrated with a
flowchart using colors to support the description.
Sandvik Service is always ready to provide help and advice in all service
problems.


2 SAFETY
2.1 Safety
WARNING
False service and repair methods could cause death or severe injury.
Always follow the safety instructions and be careful with your work.
Only people who have been given specific service training are
allowed to undertake service, adjustment and repair procedures.
Read the instructions before undertaking any servicing, adjusting or
repairing.
Read the adjusting instructions for the control panel before making
any adjustments to it.
WARNING
HYDRAULIC FLUID INJECTION HAZARD!
High-pressure hydraulic fluid sprays can penetrate the skin and
could cause death or severe injury.
Search for leaks with a piece of cardboard or wood. Never try to
locate a leak by feeling with your hand. Seek immediate medical
attention if you are hit by a hydraulic fluid spray.
WARNING
BURN HAZARD!
Contact with the hot oil circulating in the hydraulic systems could
cause death or severe injury.
Let the oil cool down before starting any maintenance work.
WARNING! ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD!

Incorrect disposal of used parts and fluids could cause damage to
the environment.
Dispose of used parts and fluids in accordance with the local
environmental regulations.
See the general safety instructions for maintenance-related
environmental protection measures.

RISK OF DAMAGING THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM!

Absolute cleanliness must be observed when dismantling and
NOTICE assembling hydraulic equipment. Use pressurized air to blow all
parts clean, and wipe them with CLEAN non-fluffy cloth before
assembling.

3 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS

3.1 Controls and instruments
3 4
2 5
1 Threading control lever S29 2 Percussion pressure gauge

3 Rotation pressure gauge 4 Feed pressure gauge
5 Flushing pressure gauge 6 Drilling joystick
7 Feed pressure adjusting 8 Rotation speed adjusting
valve valve

S23 9
H42
10
11
S18
12
13
14
S17 15
S24 H17
17 16
18
9 Feed-percussion follow-up 10 Feed-percussion follow-up

off = max. percussion, indi-
cator light goes on
11 Forced flushing if S18 is on 12 Blow-down automatics, if
dust collector (S46) is on,
max. flushing
13 Blow-down automatics off 14 Blow-down automatics, if
and flushing off dust collector (S46) is on,
half flushing

15 Flushing control automatics 16 Flushing control automatics

on off
17 Anti-jamming automatics on 18 Anti-jamming automatics off
(rotation pressure)
MFA10 HS1
ok
12VDC
6 A 70W
H10 H6
H5 H1
H12 H13
H99 H93 H41
S99 S13 S 14 H94 S6 H14 S3 3 H11
P S8 PS 9
S8 S M 6 -7 S9
H41
19
S6
19 Hydraulic oil preheating, indicator light goes on
3.2 Drilling joystick

The drilling joystick controls all the functions needed in drilling. All functions
are hydraulically pilot controlled by the control pressure from the joystick.
The control pressure value changes with the joystick movements so that
the pressure increases as the inclination angle of the stick increases.
The electric switches on the stick are used for steering the control pressure
in a desired way, or affect the locking of the stick by releasing the locking
electromagnets.

2
1
3
P
4 2
T
1
1 Push button 1 (S21), fast feed / rotation

2 Push button 2 (S22), maximum percussion pressure
3 Push button 3 (S19), percussion off/on
4 Push button 4 (S20), release of joystick locking

4 VALVE BLOCKS
4.1 Valve blocks
149
34
91 316
173
F
E
A Percussion valve block B Feed valve block

C Rotation valve block D Threading valve block
E Oil heating valve block F Stabilizer control block (only
with HL/HF 810 rock drill)
34 Anti-jamming valve 91 Cooler circuit pressure relief
valve

149 Selector valve; fast tram- 173 Pressure relief valve for rod
ming handler
316 Rotation torque control
valve

4.2 Percussion and feed control block
301
25
24
23
27
30
29
22
26
400 301

(8Nm)
36 43
38 9
37
3
4 307
305
62 19
15 303
400 242 7
Under the plug
18 301 10
3 Percussion main valve (un- 4 Percussion selector valve

der the plug) (34 Nm)
7 Percussion max. pressure 9 Restrictor (under the plug)
relief valve (34 Nm)
10 Shuttle valve (34 Nm) 15 Rattling selector valve
(34 Nm, coil 7 Nm)
18Shuttle valve (34 Nm) 19 Shuttle valve (34 Nm)
23Feed directional valve 36 Shuttle valve (34 Nm)
37Shuttle valve (34 Nm) 38 Shuttle valve (34 Nm)
43Pressure regulator for pilot 62 Fast rotation control valve
control circuit (34 Nm) (34 Nm, coil 7 Nm)
242 Percussion bypass valve 303 Percussion minimum pres-
(34Nm, coil 7 Nm) sure / follow-up valve
(50 Nm)
305 Selector valve (fast feed / 307 Reference pressure valve
min percussion) (34 Nm, (34 Nm)
coil 7 Nm)
301 Flow-control valve 400 Check valve (under the
plug)

LSA
LSB
X9 X10
X1
X6
X7
P5 X8
T
P1 X5
P4
X18
M5 X19
LsA
P2
X21
X4 P3
LsB
X13
X3
X17
X2
DR
LS2
X20
X16 LS1

M3 M6
M11
M13
M4 M15 M9 M1
M10
M20
M7
M12
M2 M8
Measuring points

4.3 Feed directional valve
25 29
D B
A
C
24
30
22 23
25
24
23
27
LSA LSB
30
29
22
26
22 Pressure compensator (in- 23 Main spool (inside actuator

side actuator block) block)
24 Pressure relief / suction 25 Pressure relief / suction
valve valve
26 Shuttle valve 27 Shuttle valve
29 Pressure relief valve LS B 30 Pressure relief valve LS A
for port B for port A

4.4 Feed pressure regulating valve
20 20
P
P
32
X
X T1
32 T2
T1 T2
20 Feed pressure regulating valve (34 Nm)

32 Tank line control valve (34 Nm)

4.5 Rotation control valve
T D LX
61 B A 60
55
LS
A B
M 52 53
C 53
M 56 60 61
55
52
LS
LX
T P
52 Pressure compensator (in- 53 Main spool (inside actuator
side actuator block) block)
55 Pressure relief valve 56 Pressure relief valve
60 Pressure relief valve LS A 61 Pressure relief valve LS B
for port A for port B

4.6 Rotation speed adjustment block
59
X6 T2
42
X4
X5 41
X8
58
40
X3 39
X7 X1 X9 T1
X2
T1 T2 X8 X6 X5 X4
X9
X3 X7 X2 X1
39 Feed pilot control circuit 40 Directional valve for pilot

pressure relief valve (34 control circuit (34 Nm, coil 7
Nm) Nm)
41 Directional valve for pilot 42 Shuttle valve (34 Nm)
control circuit (34 Nm, coil 7
Nm)
58 Fast rotation selector valve 59 Rotation speed adjusting
(34 Nm, coil 7 Nm) valve (34 Nm)

4.7 Threading valve block
95
97
a
92
93 a 57 240
b
241 133
97
b
95
57 Anti-jamming bypass valve 92 Threading selector valve

(feed)
93 Threading selector valve 95 Adjusting valve of threading
(rotation) rotation speed
97 Adjusting valves of thread- 133 Tramming selector valve
ing feed speed
240 Flushing control 241 Emergency stop

4.8 Hydraulic oil warm-up valve
206
T LS
LS
B
A
P 218
218 209
209
A
B
T
206
P
206 Directional valve

209 Pressure relief valve
218 Shuttle valve

4.9 Anti-jamming valve
X2
1 X1
T
A
2
B
P
X1
70
X2
72
34 72
71
71
72
34
70
1 Strainer 2 Orifice ø 1.0 mm

34 Anti-jamming valve 70 Orifice
71 Adjustable restrictor 72 Pressure relief valve

4.10 Feed motor
DX 500
BW FW
28
31
A3 B3
44
28 31
28 Feed motor
31 Double overcenter valve
44 Shuttle valve

DX 600/700/800
A1
B1
31
3
1
2
44
MBR
A
B
BR
31
44 28
28 Feed motor
31 Overcenter valve
44 Shuttle valve

4.11 Hydraulic pumps and coolers

358 359
AC
FC
360
120
355 357
356
AC Air conditioning cooler FC Fuel cooler

120 Cooler motor for compres- 355 Proportional pressure relief
sor and hydraulic oil valve, integrated to the hy-
draulic motor
357 Cooler motor for engine 358 Hydraulic oil cooler (gear
cooler box oil)

359 Hydraulic oil cooler (hy- 360 Hydraulic oil cooler (com-
draulic oil) pressor oil)
356 Non-return valve, integrated
to the hydraulic motor
354 87
361 90
80
353
50
A
B B
A
A Flow regulator B Pressure regulator

1 Variable displacement pump 50 Variable displacement pump
71 cm3 45 cm3
80 Dust collector pump 16 cm3 87 Pressure relief valve for
dust collector pump
90 Oil cooler pump 23 cm3 353 Transfer gearbox oil circulat-
ing pump 4 cm3
354 Pressure relief valve 361 Engine cooler pump 23 cm3


5 COMPONENTS
5.1 Components
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
230bar
(DX700-800)
230bar
CALZONI
D 31
B
A
B A
C LsB
LsA
LsA
LsB
T LS M
M66 X8
X8 X7
X7 X1 X6
X1 X6 X5
X 5 X 16
400
X 10 X4
X4
X9
X9
M10
M20
X13
M11 X21
P4
P4
X3
X3
X19
P1
P1
P2
P2 M3
M3
M5
M5
X2
X2
DR
D R M4
M4
M9
M9 X17
X18
M15
M8
M 8
X20
M1
M1
P5
P5 T
P3
P3 M2
M 2 M 13 M12 LS2 LS1 M7
M 7

Tank Collectors
T1 Control Box
T2 Carrier
T1
T2
Oil Heating/ 115
Casette Dust Collector
B A
max.pressure Engine Cooler Thermostat
82 L 52°C t
206 A B
A B
117 Hydraulic and Kompressor
P T
Oil Cooler
18cc 357 L
B A
81
358 360
209
200 210 355 16cc
bar Y920
84 D 356 359 120

218 T2
T2 L
T B A P 83
A B
T1 T2
casette Pressure
pressure 1,0
P Filter 91
150bar
25µm
X
3542 87
112 1 2 1
116
M
230bar
Behr on/off, flow
10bar 210bar and pressure
LS 3,5bar
173 T
T2
T2 Y276
95l/min 150l/min
46 l/min
T1
2bar Oil Tank
bar
45cm3 71cm3
Diesel T25 111
DX 700-800
i=1:0.7846
DX 500-680
121 118
i=1:0.762
1800rpm C° Air Filter

L1
4cc 16cc 23cc 23cc
L
50 1
260 bar 25bar 280bar 25bar
353 80 361 90 113 L17
Pumps
DX500-680 :2294rpm Oil level
DX700-800 :2360rpm
110 LL collector
bottom frame
L L
LL
1 Variable displacement pump Output for percussion, feed and tramming

Controls oil flow to rock drill, controlled by percussion
3 Percussion main valve
selector valve 4
Controls percussion main valve 3 opening and clos-
4 Percussion selector valve
ing it
Percussion max. pressure relief
7 Determines max. pressure level for percussion
valve
9 Restrictor Restricts oil flow in percussion LS line
Directs percussion or feed LS signal to variable dis-
10 Shuttle valve
placement pump
11 Percussion pressure gauge

• Percussion hour meter on / off

• Flushing automatics / dust collector clearning on /
off
• Drilling joystick locking on / off
• Enables operation of anti-jamming automatics
12 Pressure switch
(valve 57)
• Enables operation of flushing control automatics
(valve 240)
• TIM depth measuring on /off
• Enables SLU operation
13 Percussion mechanism
14 Pilot control valve for percussion Turns on rotation and percussion
Feed-percussion follow-up selec-
15 Turns on / off feed-percussion follow-up
tion valve
Pilot control valve for feed down-
16 Controls feed movement downwards
ward
17 Pilot control valve for rattling Controls thread loosening operation
18 Shuttle valve Controls LS pressure
19 Shuttle valve Controls pilot pressure
20 Feed pressure regulating valve Sets feed max. pressure during drilling
21 Feed pressure gauge
Maintains feed pressure in the set value despite var-
22 Feed pressure compensator
iations in input pressure
23 Feed main spool Directs oil flow to feed functions
Max. pressure relief valve for
24
feed line A / suction valve
Max. pressure relief valve for
25
feed line B / suction valve
28 Feed motor
Feed pressure relief valve LS B Adjusts maximum feed pressure for downward move-
29
for port B ment during fast feed
Feed pressure relief valve LS A Adjusts maximum pressure for upward feed during
30
for port A fast feed
31 Feed motor overcenter valve Ensures smooth downwards movement

Control valve for tank line of feed Directs tank line of valve 20 to feed motor tank line or
32
pressure regulating valve 20 feed motor pressure line
Pilot control valve for upward
33 Controls feed movement upwards
feed
34 Anti-jamming valve Controls feed direction in anti-jamming operation
Pressure relief valve for feed pilot
39 Defines max. feed speed during drilling
control circuit
Directional valve for pilot control
40 Cuts the oil flow to the valve (39)
circuit
Directional valve for pilot control Controls the valve (32) and cuts the oil flow to the
41
circuit valve (39)
Pressure regulator for pilot con- Reduces pressure to pilot control levers for drilling
43
trol circuit and tramming
44 Shuttle valve Controls feed motor brake releasing pressure
Output to rotation, cassette, winch, boom and oscilla-
50 Variable displacement pump
tion
51 Rotation pressure gauge
Maintains constant rotation speed irrespective of in-
52 Pressure compensator
put pressure
53 Directional valve for rotation Directs oil flow to rotation motor (54)
54 Rotation mechanism
Pressure relief valve for rotation Adjusts pilot control pressure of pressure relief valve
55
line (56)
Controlled by valve (55), opens to let main flow from
pump to tank line
57 Anti-jamming bypass valve Anti-jamming on / off
58 Fast rotation valve Cuts the oil flow to the valve (59)
59 Rotation speed regulating valve Regulates pilot control pressure
Rotation pressure relief valve for Adjusts rotation max. pressure in thread closing direc-
60
port A tion
Rotation pressure relief valve for Adjusts rotation max. pressure in thread opening di-
61
port B rection
66 Pressure switch Enables SLU operation

Controls feed speed forwards after retract movement

70 Orifice
(anti-jamming)
71 Adjustable restrictor Adjust anti-jamming valve (34) characteristic
Adjusts feed speed during anti-jamming reverse
movement
80 Gear pump Output to dust collector
81 Dust collector selector valve Turns dust collector on and off
82 Dust collector motor Drives dust collector fan
Opens a connection between the motor pressure-
83 Check valve and return lines when the oil flow to the motor is pre-
vented
Pressure relief valve for dust col-
84
lector motor
Pressure relief valve for dust col-
87
lector pump
90 Gear pump Output to oil cooler
Cooling circuit pressure relief
91
valve
Selector valve for threading Directs pilot control pressure to feed directional valve
92
(feed) (23)
Selector valve for threading (rota- Directs pilot control pressure to rotation directional
93
tion) valve (53)
95 Pressure reducing valve Adjusts rotation speed while threading
Adjusts feed speeds to different directions while
97 Double pressure relief valve
threading
110 Hydraulic oil tank
111 Hydraulic oil temperature gauge
112 Pressure filter Filters output oil from variable displacement pump (1)
113 Return oil filter Filters oil flowing returning to the tank
114 Hydraulic oil cooler Cools down hydraulic oil
115 Collector tube Collects return oils
Regulates the amount of oil flowing to the cooler mo-
116 One-way restrictor
tor
117 Thermostats Direct oil flow to cooler or tank
Indicates when the return pressure exceeds the alarm

118 Pressure switch at return oil filter
limit
Cooler motor for compressor and
120
hydraulic oil

121 Return line pressure gauge

133 Selector valve for tramming Selects tramming / tramming with remote control
Oil heating on / off, pump (50) pressurizing while cas-
206 Directional valve
sette movements
209 Pressure relief valve Oil heating
218 Shuttle valve Controls LS-signal
Activates feed reverse movement controlled by flush-
240 Flushing control
ing line venturi
241 Emergency stop Prevents pilot control pressure to drilling joystick
Percussion on / off with the push button (3) on the
242 Selector valve
joystick
284 Grinder
Has an influence to feed/percussion follow-up charac-
301 Feed restrictor
teristics
Percussion minimum pressure /
303 Controls percussion pressure
follow-up valve
307 Reference pressure valve Controls reference pressure
Reduces feed pressure if rock drill rotation torque in-
316 Torque sensing valve
creases
353 Gear pump Circulates transfer gearbox oil through cooler
354 Pressure relief valve Limits pressure in transfer gearbox oil cooling circuit
Proportional pressure relief
355 valve, integrated to the hydraulic Controls engine cooler motor speed (pressure level)
motor 357
Non-return valve, integrated to
356 Prevents cavitation in motor when engine is stopped
the hydraulic motor 357
357 Cooler motor for engine cooler
358 Hydraulic oil cooler Cooler core for transfer gearbox oil
359 Hydraulic oil cooler Cooler core for hydraulic and compressor oil
360 Hydraulic oil cooler
361 Gear pump Output to engine cooler
Prevents oil flow to the valve 29. Only with the new
400 Check valve
type of the drilling control block

6 OPERATION OF SYSTEM
6.1 Hydraulic oil preheating
Oil preheating is used before starting to drill in cold operating environment.
It raises the oil temperature high enough to avoid problems caused by cold
oil. Drilling is not allowed until oil viscosity is 1000 cSt or lower (ref. oil
recommendation).
When the switch (S6) in the cabin is turned on, the coil a of the directional
valve (206) becomes activated. The oil produced by the rotation pump (50)
flows now through the pressure relief valve (209) into the tank.
LS signal is directed through the shuttle valve (218) to the regulator of the
pump (50).
6.2 Free circulation

Free circulation means a situation where the variable displacement pumps
(1) and (50) have minimum output and maintain a 25 bar stand-by
pressure. None of the functions using their output is in operation.
The output oil from the pump (80) flows through the dust collector motor
(82) or the dust collector selector valve (81) into the tank.
The output oil from the side pump (90) flows through the cooler motor (120)
into the tank.
The oil from the pump (361) flows either through the engine radiator's
proportional pressure-relief valve (355) or the radiator motor (357) to the
receiver.The oil flow from the transfer gearbox's cooling-circulation pump
(353) flows through the cooling core (358) back to the transfer gearbox.
6.3 Drilling
Drilling is started with low feed speed, feed pressure and percussion
pressure. Drilling joystick is used for controlling the speed of collaring
(starting of drilling).
1. Rotation. Rotation is started by turning the joystick to the left. Rotation
speed exceeds as the joystick is turned further. Fast rotation is started
by pushing the button 1 (S21) on the joystick.
2. Percussion. Percussion minimum power starts simultaneously with
rotation when the joystick is turned to the left. At the same time flushing
starts from percussion pressure switch if the switch S18 is not in the
middle position. Rattling with max. percussion pressure starts when the
button 2 (S22) on the joystick is pushed.
3. Feed. Feed starts when the joystick is pushed forwards. Feed speed
grows as the joystick is pushed further. Locking is released by pushing
the button 4 (S20). Fast feed starts when the button 1 (S21) on the
joystick is pushed.

6.3.1 Colour codes in hydraulic circuit diagrams

Solid red line Feed circuit
Red dashed line Control circuit in feed circuit
Solid blue line Percussion circuit
Blue dashed line Control circuit in percussion circuit
Solid green line Rotation circuit
Green dashed line Control circuit in rotation circuit
Solid purple line Stabilizer circuit
Purple dashed line Control circuit in stabilizer circuit
Solid orange line Pilot control circuit

6.4 Rotation
6.4.1 Normal rotation
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400

When the drilling joystick is turned to the left, the pilot control valve for
rotation (14) at the joystick opens and directs pilot pressure to port C of the
directional valve for rotation (53). Control pressure that regulates the rock
drill rotation speed is adjusted with the relief valve (59).
From the pump (50), oil flows through the compensator (52) and the
rotation directional valve (53) to the rotation motor (54). From the rotation
motor oil flows back to the valve (53) and on to the receiver. Control
pressure for the anti-jamming valve is taken with a T-adapter in the
pressure line before the rotation motor.
Rotation circuit maximum pressure is adjusted with the pressure relief valve
of the pump (50) regulator. The pressure relief valve (55) and the valve (56)
act as a safety system in the rotation circuit; their opening pressure is
higher than that of the pressure relief valve of the pump regulator. In the
load sensing line of the rotation directional valve (53) A-port there is a LS-
pressure relief valve (60), which is used to control the maximum pressure
when closing the thread. Maximum pressure for thread opening is adjusted
with the LS-pressure relief valve (61) in port B.
LS signal to the rotation pump (50) comes from valve (53) through a series
of shuttle valves.
6.4.2 Fast rotation
When the button 1 (S21) on the joystick is pushed down (and is kept
pushed down) the valve (58) spool is activated. When the joystick is turned
to the left, the pilot control valve (14) opens and pilot control pressure is
adjusted to its maximum value, which is the set value of the valve (43).
Maximum rotation speed is reached.

6.5 Feed
6.5.1 Normal feed
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400

When the drilling joystick is pushed forwards, the feed pilot control valve
(16) at the joystick opens and directs pressure to the port D of the feed
directional valve (23). Control pressure, which determines the maximum
feed speed, is regulated with the pressure relief valve (39).
From the pump (1) oil flows through the compensator (22) and feed
directional valve (23) to the feed motor (28). From there the oil flows trough
the overcenter valve (31) back to the valve (23) and further on to the
receiver. From the feed pressure line oil is taken via shuttle valve (44) to
the feed motor brake releasing port. Brake will open before the feed
overcenter valve (31) allows feed downwards movement to start.
LS signal from the feed directional valve (23) goes through LsB port check
valve (400) and drilling control block to the valve (20). Feed max. pressure
is adjusted with the valve (20) which affects also the pressure compensator
(22). From the valve (20) oil flows to the feed motor (28) return line and
through the valve (23) on to the receiver.
The pressure relief valves (24) and (25) work as a safety system in the feed
circuit.
LS signal to the feed pump (1) is received from the valve (23) through the
valve (305) and the shuttle valves (37), (10) and (18).

6.5.2 Fast feed forwards
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4

The valve (41) spool is activated when the push button 1 (S21) at the
joystick is pushed down (and kept there). When the joystick is pushed
forwards, the feed pilot control valve (16) opens.
When the joystick is pushed further forwards, the valve (16) supplies pilot
control pressure that is proportional to the angle of the joystick. The
pressure affects port D of the feed valve (23). Maximum pilot control
pressure equals to the set value of the valve (43).
Pilot control pressure changes the position of the valve (32) and feed
pressure regulation with the valve (20) stops. Pressure relief valve (29)
determines the feed maximum pressure.
Fast rotation and fast feed forwards can be used simultaneously.

6.5.3 Fast feed backwards
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4

The valve (40) spool is activated when the push button 1 (S21) at the
joystick is pushed down (and kept there). When the joystick is pulled
backwards, the feed pilot control valve (33) opens.
When the joystick is pulled further back, the valve (33) supplies pilot control
pressure that is proportional to the angle of the joystick. The pressure
affects port C of the feed valve (23). Maximum pilot control pressure equals
to the set value of the valve (43).
Pressure relief valve (30) determines the feed maximum pressure.
6.6 Collaring
Percussion on / off is selected with the button 3 (S19) at the drilling joystick.

6.6.1 Minimum power percussion
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4
When the drilling joystick is turned to the left, the rotation pilot control valve
(14) at the joystick opens. When the control pressure supplied by the valve

(14) reaches 9 bar, the percussion selector valve (4) opens the control line
of percussion main valve (3) to the receiver; valve (3) opens and minimum-
power percussion starts.
Minimum-power percussion is determined so that signal is taken from the
percussion main flow channel through the restrictor (9) and the selector
valve (15) to the percussion minimum pressure / follow-up valve (303).
Percussion pressure will assume the set value of the valve (303).
When the drilling joystick is pushed a little forwards, the feed pilot control
valve (16) at the joystick opens and feed starts. Feed speed (and pressure)
is low thus percussion stays at minimum setting. Percussion pressure stays
at minimum value (=the setting of valve (303)) when feed pressure is lower
than the reference pressure (=the setting of valve (307)). Feed pressure
depends of feed speed, valve (20) is closed.
From pump (1) oil flows through the pressure filter (112) to the percussion
main valve (3) and further to the rock drill percussion mechanism (13) and
then to the receiver.
LS signal is directed from the percussion main flow channel to the pump (1)
regulator through the orifice (9) and the shuttle valves (10) and (18).

6.6.2 Feed-percussion follow-up
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4
When the drilling joystick is pushed more forwards feed speed and
pressure start to increase. Percussion pressure remains at the minimum

value until feed pressure rises higher than the reference pressure (=the
setting value of the valve (307)). After that percussion switches to the
follow-up mode which means that percussion pressure is set according to
the feed pressure. Percussion pressure is changing two times the change
of feed pressure (valve (303) follow-up ratio is 2:1). Percussion pressure
can rise up to the maximum value which is set by the relief valve (7).
The adjusting of feed pressure regulating valve (20) has also an influence
to the percussion pressure.
Penetration rate (feed speed) affects to the feed pressure and because of
the follow-up also to the percussion pressure. The slower the penetration
rate is (the harder the rock is) the higher is the feed pressure and therefore
also the percussion pressure. When the rock is softer the penetration rate
increases and the feed pressure (and the percussion pressure) decreases.
This means that the drilling power is controlled according to the hardness of
the rock.
From pump (1) oil flows through pressure filter (112) and percussion main
valve (3) to the rock drill percussion mechanism (13) and further to the
tank.
LS-signal is directed to the pump (1) from the percussion main flow channel
through the orifice (9) and further through the shuttle valves (10) and (18).
S23 501
H42
502
503
501 Feed percussion follow-up off = max. percussion, indicator light

goes on
502 Feed-percussion follow-up on
503 Forced flushing if S18 is on
NOTE! Feed percussion follow-up works only with the rocker switch
S23 in the middle position.
6.6.3 Rattling
When the joystick is turned to the right, the joystick pilot control valve (17)
opens. When the control pressure supplied by the valve (17) rises to 9 bar,
the percussion selector valve (4) opens the percussion main valve (3)
control line to the receiver. When the button 2 (S22) is depressed, the spool
of valve (15) is activated and max. percussion starts. Pressure relief valve
(7) determines the percussion pressure.

6.7 Fast feed drilling forwards
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400

Fast feed drilling forwards means that all the drilling functions (percussion,
feed, rotation) are activated and also the fast feed button (S21) is
depressed (eg. when cleaning the hole after drilling). If feed forwards and
percussion and fast feed button (S21) are active at the same time, the
selector valve (305) is activated meaning that the feed forwards LS-
pressure is not going to the percussion minimum pressure / follow-up valve
(303). In this case the percussion will stay at the minimum pressure level
(the setting of the valve (303)) and also the feed forwards maximum
pressure is at the same level (typically 80 bar). The feed forwards speed is
a little bit slower compared to the normal fast feed (without percussion).
The selector valve (305) is activated only when the percussion is on (the
pressure switch (12) is active) and the fast feed button is depressed.
The reason to use reduced percussion power while cleaning the hole is to
protect the drilling tools and the rock drill from high stresses when hitting a
collapsed section of the hole or the bottom of the hole.

6.8 Torque sensing and anti-jamming automatics
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4

When the drill steel meets a fissure, rotation becomes more laborious, and
rotation pressure rises. First the increased rotation pressure starts to open
the torque sensing valve (316) which means that part of the oil flow
mentioned to the feed motor (28) is going through valve (316) to the tank
and thereby feed pressure starts to decrease. At the same time increased
rotation pressure starts also to move the spool of anti-jamming valve (34)
which means that feed pilot pressure starts to decrease and thereby oil flow
to the feed circuit is reduced. These two actions reduces feed pressure and
because of feed-percussion follow-up also percussion pressure decreases.
If the rotation pressure continues increasing despite of the reducing of
drilling power, the spool of anti-jamming valve (34) moves finally to the
reverse movement position (see the circuit diagram) and feed reverse
movement starts with adjusted speed. The speed is controlled by pressure
relief valve (72). Feed pressure regulation with the valve (20) stops and LS-
pressure relief valve (30) determines the feed backwards maximum
pressure.
When the rotation pressure reduces lower than the setting of valves (316)
and (34), the torque sensing valve (316) spool closes and the position of
the anti-jamming valve spool changes to feed forwards position. Feed
forwards starts with slow feed speed.
S24
504
505
504 Anti-jamming automatics on (rotation pressure)

505 Anti-jamming automatics off
NOTE! Anti-jamming automatics does not operate when the rocker

switch S24 is in the middle position.

6.9 Threading
6.9.1 Thread opening
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
4

When the threading control lever (S29) is pulled backwards, the coil a of
the feed selector valve (92) and the coil b of the rotation valve (93) become
activated. Control pressure which is set by the pressure relief valve (97B)
comes to the port C of the feed directional valve (23) and for rotation
through the pressure reducing valve (95) to the port D of the rotation
directional valve (53).
Rotation speed is determined by the set value of the pressure reducing
valve (95). Max. rotation pressure is determined by the LS pressure relief
valve (61). Feed motor speed (= feed movement speed) is determined by
the set value of the pressure relief valve (97B). The maximum feed
pressure is determined by the setting of the LS pressure relief valve (30).
S29

6.9.2 Thread closing
DANFOSS (DX500-680)
L 28
(DX700-800)
CALZONI
31
B A
400
When the threading control lever (S29) is pushed forwards, the coil b of the
threading feed valve (92) and the coil a of the rotation valve (93) become

activated. Pilot control pressure for feed which is set by the pressure relief
valve (97A) comes to the port D of the feed directional valve (23) and
through the pressure reducing valve (95) to port C of the rotation directional
valve (53). Rotation speed is determined by the set value of the pressure
reducing valve (95). Max. rotation pressure is determined by the LS
pressure relief valve (60). Feed motor speed (= feed movement speed) is
determined by the set value of the pressure relief valve (97A). The
maximum feed pressure is determined by the set value of the pressure
relief valve (20).
S29

7 ADJUSTMENTS OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS

7.1 Adjustments of hydraulic components
RISK OF DAMAGING THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM!
The hydraulic oil temperature must be 40–50 °C before any
NOTICE adjustments are made.
Check the diesel engine rotation speeds: idling 1200 rpm and full
speed 1800 rpm.
7.2 Pressure settings of variable displacement pump 1

A B A B
50 1
A Flow regulator
B Pressure regulator
1 Pump 1
50 Pump 50
1. Remove the caps from the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator
(B) and open their locking nuts.
2. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw almost completely open
(counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw almost fully closed (clockwise). The
pump operates now as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M1 of the
drilling control block.
5. Start the diesel engine.
6. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw clockwise until the pressure
reading at M1 is 280 bar.
7. Lock the pressure regulator (B) setting with the locking nut.
8. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully open (ccw).
9. Allow the pressure to settle. Adjust the stand-by pressure to 25 bar by
turning the flow regulator (A) screw clockwise. Read the pressure in the
pressure gauge at M1.
10. Lock the setting of the flow regulator (A) with the locking nut.

11. Stop the diesel engine and allow the pressure reading at M1 to drop to
0 bar.
12. Restart the diesel engine and check that the pressure reading at M1 is
25 bar. If necessary, readjust stand-by pressure. Stop the diesel engine.
13. Place back the caps of the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator
(B).
14. Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M1.
Note! The reading 25 bar is stand-by pressure, which exists in the pump's
pressure line when the pump output is minimum.
7.3 Pressure settings of variable displacement pump (50)

(counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully closed (clockwise). The pump
operates now as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the
rotation directional valve (53).
6. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw clockwise until the pressure
reading at M is 260 bar.
Note! The set value of the max. pressure relief valve (55) of the rotation
directional valve (53) is 290 bar.
7. Lock the pressure regulator (B) setting with the locking nut.
8. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully open (ccw).
9. Allow the pressure to settle. Adjust the stand-by pressure to 25 bar by
turning the flow regulator (A) screw clockwise. Read the pressure in the
pressure gauge at measuring point M.
10. Lock the setting of the flow regulator (A) with the locking nut.
11. Stop the diesel engine and allow the pressure reading at M to drop to 0
bar.
12. Restart the diesel engine and check that the pressure reading at M is 25
bar. If necessary, readjust stand-by pressure. Stop the diesel engine.
13. Place back the caps of the flow regulator (A) and the pressure regulator
(B).
14. Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M.

7.4 Adjustment of pilot control valve control pressures

The pilot control pressure to the joystick is adjusted with the pilot control
pressure adjusting valve 43. The adjusting procedure is as follows:
1. Open the locking nut of the adjustment of the valve (43).
43
M8
2. Open the adjusting screw (43) completely (ccw) and then close it 5
rounds (cw).
5. Start the feed and run it against the stopper. Check that feed pressure is
at least 50 bar, if the pressure is lower, adjust it to 50 bar with feed
pressure regulating valve (20).
6. Turn the adjusting screw of the valve (43) clockwise to adjust the
pressure value to 30 bar. Read the pressure in the pressure gauge at
measuring point M8.
7. Tighten the locking nut of the valve (43).
8. Run the feed movement back and forth with the drilling joystick. Have
an assistant to check at the same time that the control pressure at M8 is
30 bar. If not, readjust the pressure.
9. Stop the diesel engine.

7.5 Adjusting rotation valve pressures
55
As the set value (290 bar) of the pressure relief valve (55) is higher
than the set value (260 bar) of the pump's (50) pressure regulator (B),
the pump (50) must be converted into a constant pressure pump to
make this adjustment possible.
(counterclockwise).
3. Turn the flow regulator (A) screw fully closed (clockwise). The pump
operates now as a constant pressure pump.
4. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of
directional valve for rotation (53).
5. Close the pressure relief valve (55) fully (cw) to prevent it from opening
when the pump’s pressure is raised.
7. Turn the pressure regulator (B) screw of the pump (50) clockwise until
the pressure reading at M is 295 bar.
8. Turn the adjusting screw of the rotation valve (53) pressure relief valve
(55) counterclockwise (See illustration) until the pressure gauge in the
measuring point M shows 290 bar. The pressure relief valve (55) is now
set to its opening value.
9. Return the setting of the pump (50) pressure regulator (B) to the original
value (260 bar) and the stand-by pressure to 25 bar by flow regulator
(A), ref. chapter on pressure settings of pump (50).

7.6 Adjustments of rotation pressure relief valves (60) and (61)

60
The ports A and B of the rotation valve have different pressure settings to
get a higher thread opening torque than the torque in the drilling direction.
7.6.1 Setting the LSA pressure of the A line pressure relief valve (60)
1. Disconnect and plug the rotation motor hoses.

3. Remove the cap from the LS A pressure relief valve (60) of the
directional valve (53). See illustration.
4. Turn the drilling joystick to the extreme left position.
5. Adjust the pressure relief valve (60) until the rotation pressure gauge
(51) in cabin shows 150 bar or the pressure gauge mounted to the
measuring point M of the rotation directional valve (53) shows 165 bar.
6. Stop the diesel engine and reconnect the rotation motor hoses correctly.
Place back the cap on the pressure relief valve (60).

7.6.2 Setting the LSB pressure of the B line pressure relief valve (61)
61
1. Disconnect and plug the rotation motor hoses.

2. Connect a pressure gauge to measuring point M of directional valve
(53).
4. Remove the cap from the LS B pressure relief valve (61) of the
directional valve (53).
5. Turn the drilling joystick to the extreme right position while depressing
the fast feed button 1 (S21) on the joystick. An assistant should hold the
joystick in this position while the adjustment is done.
6. Adjust the pressure relief valve (61) until the pressure gauge mounted
to the measuring point M of the directional valve (53) shows 210 bar
(now the pressure at port B is 195 bar).
8. Reconnect the rotation motor hoses correctly. Place back the cap on the
pressure relief valve (61). Disconnect the pressure gauge.

7.7 Adjusting percussion minimum pressure/follow-up valve (303)
303
1. Let the engine run idle at 1400 rpm.

2. Turn the joystick to the left. The rock drill starts rotating. After that the
rock drill starts half percussion.
3. Lock the joystick to its extreme position.
4. Adjust the percussion minimum pressure/follow-up valve (303) adjusting
screw until the percussion pressure gauge (11) shows:
Device Rockdrill Minimum pressure
DX500 HL 500 90 bar
DX500 HLX 5T 90 bar
DX680 HL 650 80 bar
DX700 HL 710 80 bar
DX780 HL 810T 80 bar
DX800 HL 810T 80 bar
DX780/800 HF 810T 90 bar
Note! The rock drill high-pressure accumulator pressure must be 60 bar,

excluding HF 810T, where the pressure must be 50 bar (marked on the
accumulator).

7.8 Adjusting percussion max pressure relief valve 7

The max. percussion pressure is adjusted with the pressure relief valve (7).
The maximum percussion pressure is determined by the hardness of the
rock and by the drill steels. The max. percussion pressure varies between
150 and 200 bar according to the above circumstances. The pressure is
adjusted as follows:
Device Rockdrill Max. percussion pressure Factory setting

DX500 HL 510 175 170
DX500 HLX 5T 170
DX680 HL 650 160 150
DX700 HL 710 170 bar 170 bar
DX780 HL810T 190 bar 180 bar
DX800 HL810T 200 bar 190 bar
DX780/800 HF 810T
DX600R RD 520 190 bar 190 bar
1. Open the pressure relief valve (7) locking nut.

3. Turn the drilling joystick to the right extreme position while depressing
the button 2 (S22).
Percussion starts with maximum power. Hold the joystick in the extreme
position.
At the same time, an assistant should turn the adjusting screw of the
pressure relief valve (7) until the percussion pressure reading is at the
desired value. Read the pressure value in the percussion pressure
gauge (11) in cabin or in a pressure gauge mounted to the measuring
point (M1) of the drilling control block.

4. Tighten the locking nut of the pressure relief valve (7).

5. Return the joystick to the middle position.
7.9 Adjusting reference pressure valve (307)
307
The reference pressure is setting the feed pressure value where percussion
switches from percussion minimum pressure to feed-percussion follow up-
mode. So if the feed pressure is lower than the reference pressure,
percussion stays at minimum pressure (=the setting of valve (303)) and
when feed pressure is higher than the reference pressure, percussion
pressure is controlled according to feed pressure (= follow up-mode). The
setting value of the reference pressure varies typically between 35 and 85
bars but the final adjustment of the valve should be done during drilling
according to the used drilling parameters (maximum feed and percussion
pressure values).Before the adjustment of the reference pressure valve
(307) the used maximum values of feed and percussion pressures
should be selected and set.
2. Push the drilling joystick to run the rock drill against the front stopper.
3. Open the locking nut of the reference pressure valve (307) and fully
open (counterclockwise) the adjusting screw.
4. Turn the drilling joystick to the drilling position so that both holding
magnets lock up. Now the feed and percussion pressures should be at
the maximum value (=the setting values of valves (20) and (7)).
5. Start to increase the setting of the reference pressure valve (307) by
turning the adjusting screw clockwise. Increase the setting until the
percussion pressure starts to decrease (see the percussion pressure
gauge (11) in cabin).

6. When this setting value of the reference pressure is found tighten the
locking nut of the valve (307).
7. Check the setting by adjusting feed pressure lower by feed pressure
regulating valve (20). Percussion pressure should decrease
immediately when feed pressure is decreased.
7.10 Feed pressure regulating valve (20)
20
X
T2 T1
32
Feed pressure is adjusted with the feed pressure regulating valve (20) in
the cabin. This valve is used for adjusting feed pressure to suit the used
percussion power. In addition to this, the line A of the feed directional valve
(23) has an adjustable feed LS-pressure regulating valve (30) and the line
B with an adjustable feed LS-pressure regulating valve (29).
When drilling with feed-precussion follow-up on, adjustments of the feed
pressure regulating valve (20) also affect to the percussion pressure
through the valve (303).
The control system includes a “feed speed sensing” function which
automatically reduces the feed pressure (and percussion pressure) as the
penetration rate increases (i.e. as the rock material being drilled softens.
This function reduces the stresses on the drilling tools, thus increasing their
service life.

7.11 Adjusting maximum feed speed for drilling (valve 39)
39
The maximum feed speed for drilling means the highest speed at which the
bit moves across a cavity encountered in drilling. This speed must be
higher than the speed at which the drill rod penetrates the rock with normal
drilling settings but, however, as low as possible to prevent the drill bit from
hitting the bottom of the cavity with high speed. Typically the maximum feed
speed during drilling is set to 3,0–4,0 m/min. The typical set value of the
valve (39) is 13–14 bar that can be measured at the drilling block's
measuring point M10.
Model Factory setting
DX700 4,0 m/min (13-14 bar)
DX780 4,0 m/min (13-14 bar)
DX800 4,0 m/min (13-14 bar)
1. Turn the feed to the vertical position.

2. Remove the cover plate of valve 39 from behind the seat and open the
valve's adjusting screw lock nut.
3. Move the rock drill against stopper and adjust feed pressure to 100 bar
with valve (20).
4. Drive the rock drill against the rear stopper by pulling the drilling joystick
backward.
5. Switch on drilling forward (percussion, feed, rotation).
6. Measure the rock drill's feed speed (e.g., a 2-meter distance / 30
seconds) or read the speed from the TIM display. If the feed speed is
not 4,0 m/min increase speed by turning valve 39 (CW) or decrease
speed by turning valve 39 (CCW).
7. Stop the drilling by centering the drilling joystick and, after the
adjustment, check the speed by switching the drilling on again. If the
speed is now 4.0 m/min, the adjustment is correct.
8. Tighten the lock nut of valve 39 and reinstall the cover plate.

7.12 Adjustment of the feed orifice (301)

The adjustment of the feed orifice (301) has an influence to the behavior of
the drilling control system (drilling power). The more valve (301) is open the
more drilling power is decreasing when penetration rate (drilling speed) is
increasing. The basic setting of the valve (301) depends the type of the
feed pressure relief valve (20).
20
X
T2 T1
32
Basic setting of valve (301)

• 1,5 rounds open (CCW) from fully closed position.
If the drilling power reduction is too small when drilling in soft rock (rotation
pressure is higher compared to hard rock drilling, rod couplings are running
hot) → open valve (301) a little (1/4-round).
If the drilling power reduction is too big when drilling in soft rock
(penetration rate is not good) → close valve (301) a little (1/4-round).

301
Note! Valve (301) must always be at least 1,0 round open from fully closed
position.
7.13 Adjustment of maximum pressure for fast forward feed (valve

29)
29
The adjustment of fast forward feed maximum pressure is done with the
pressure relief valve (29) in the LSB port of the feed directional valve (23).
1. Start the diesel engine and turn the feed beam to vertical position.
2. Drive the rock drill against the front stopper.

3. Activate the rapid feed forwards against the front stopper by keeping
drilling joystick in front position and at the same time pressing the fast
feed button (S21).
4. Check the rapid feed pressure from the feed pressure gauge (21). It
should be about 150-160 bar.
5. Drive the rock drill to the rear stopper, activate rapid feed forwards by
keeping drilling joystick in front position and at the same time pressing
the fast feed button (S21).
6. Measure the time from the rear stopper to the front stopper, it should be
about 6-7 seconds. If the time is longer, remove the plastic cap from the
valve (29) and increase (CW) the setting of the feed forwards LSB relief
valve (29) about 10-20 bar eg. if pressure is 150 bar increase the
setting to 160-170 bar. Check again the time from the rear stopper to
the front stopper. The setting of the valve (29) is typically 150-170
bar.Do not adjust valve (29) higher than 180 bar.
7. Activate normal feed forwards against the front stopper by keeping
drilling joystick in front position. Increase (CW) the setting of valve (20)
until feed pressure is not increasing any more. This pressure should be
about 130-140 bar.
9. Replace the cap on the pressure relief valve (29).

7.14 Adjustment of maximum pressure for fast feed backwards

(valve 30)
30
The adjustment of fast feed backwards is done with the pressure relief
valve (30) in the LS A port of the feed directional valve (23). Its set value is
180 bar.
1. Remove the cap from the LS A pressure relief valve (30) of the feed
valve.
3. Pull the drilling joystick backwards to start feed movement and run the
rock drill against the rear stopper.
4. Hold the joystick in the rear position while an assistant makes the
adjustment.
5. Adjust the valve (30) so that the feed pressure gauge (21) in cabin
shows 180 bar.
7. Replace the cap on the pressure relief valve (30).

7.15 Adjusting fast feed maximum speed backwards/forwards

The maximum speed of fast feed can be adjusted with the feed main spool
stroke limiters at the mechanical activating module of the feed directional
valve (23). The lower screw (1) sets the maximum feed speed upwards
(port A) and the upper screw (2) downwards (port B). The factory settings
of the screws are such that fast feed speed is fast enough but not too fast
to avoid mechanical damages in case when drifter is run against front/rear
stopper with full speed.
1. Remove the drill rod from the rock drill.

2. Open the locking nut of the adjusting screw.
4. Run the rock drill to the rear position.
5. Put fast feed forwards on and adjust the screw 2 so that the duration of
the movement between rear and front stopper is about 6-8 seconds.
Close the locking nut of the adjusting screw.
6. Put fast feed backwards on and adjust the screw 1 so that the duration
of the movement between front and rear stopper is about 6-8 seconds.
Close the locking nut of the adjusting screw.
7. Test the adjustment by running the rock drill forwards with the fast feed;
duration of the movement between rear and front stopper should be
about 6-8 seconds.
8. Repeat the movement backwards; duration should be about 6-8
seconds.

7.16 Adjusting the overcenter valve of feed forwards (valve 31)
31
The right setting of the feed overcenter valve (31) is very important for feed
function as well for the collaring. The setting must be higher than the
opening pressure of the feed brake (integrated to the feed motor) and on
the other hand it should be as low as possible to avoid problems during
collaring (too high feed/percussion pressure).
Adjust the overcenter valve (31) as follows:
1. Open the locking nut of the valve (31).
2. Turn the setting screw first fully closed (clockwise) and then open 5 1/4
rounds (counterclockwise).
3. Remove drill rod from the rock drill.
4. Start the diesel engine and turn the feed beam to vertical position.
5. Pull the drilling joystick to run the rock drill to the rear stopper.
6. Push the drilling joystick a little forwards to start the feed forwards with
very slow feed speed and check from the feed pressure gauge (21)
that feed downwards pressure is about 25–30 bar (= correct value).
7. If the feed pressure is not on the right level, re-adjust the feed
overcenter valve (31).

7.17 Adjusting the sensitivity of torque sensing valve (316) and anti-
jamming valve (34). The settings of adjustable restrictor (71)
and pressure relief valve (72).
34
71
72
316
S23
S18
S24
The torque sensing valve (316) is decreasing feed forwards pressure when
rotation pressure during drilling is increasing from the typical value. Anti--
jamming valve is doing the reverse movement if the reducing of the drilling
power has not ‘stabilized’ the rotation torque. After feed reverse movement
the collaring is done smoothly.
1. Drive the drifter against the front stopper, add a coupling sleeve to the
drifter shank or use a MF-rod and close the PITO-centralizer.
2. Select following functions from the control panel: anti-jamming on (S 24
front position), forced flushing on (S 23 rear position) and flushing off (S
18 middle position). Press also once the drilling joystick button 3 (S 19)
to deactivate percussion.

3. First fully open (counterclockwise) the setting of anti-jamming valve (34)

and then close the setting 10 rounds.
4. First fully close (counterclockwise) the setting of torque sensing valve
(316) and then open the setting (clockwise) 1,5 rounds.
NOTICE The setting screw of valve (316) has a left hand thread.
5. Fully open (counterclockwise) the setting of rotation speed valve (59) in

cabin.
6. Put the feed forwards on and adjust the feed pressure by valve (20) to a
typical maximum value, e.g. 110 bar (the value which is used during full
power drilling).
7. Put the rotation and feed on by turning the drilling joystick to 11 o’clock
position. Note, that there is no rotation because valve (59) is fully open.
8. Start to increase slowly the setting of valve (59) by turning it clockwise.
When the rotation pressure exceeds 70 bar (see the rotation pressure
gauge (51) in cabin) the torque sensing valve (316) should start to
decrease the feed pressure. If the feed pressure is still at maximum
(e.g. 110 bar) decrease the setting of torque sensing valve by turning it
clockwise until the feed pressure starts to decrease. When the setting
point is found, lock the setting and check the function by increasing and
decreasing the rotation pressure by valve (59) around 70 bars. When
rotation pressure rises higher than 70 bars feed pressure should
decrease and when rotation pressure is lower than 70 bars feed
pressure should stay at maximum.
9. Reduce the setting of anti-jamming valve (34) by turning the adjusting
screw 3 rounds counterclockwise. Check the same way as on item 8.
that when rotation pressure exceeds 80 bar anti-jamming valve is
activating the reverse movement to feed (drifter moves backwards and
feed pressure rises to 180 bar). Note that torque sensing valve (316)
has already reduced the feed pressure from maximum value before
anti-jamming valve (34) activates the reverse movement.
10. Adjust the feed speed backwards during anti-jamming by pressure relief
valve (72). Typical setting value for the valve (72) is 12–19 bar
(measuring point M10 at drilling control block). Reverse feed speed
during anti-jamming should be fast enough to release effectively the
force on the drill bit but on the other hand slow enough to avoid too long
reverse pulling.

11. The adjustable restrictor (71) sets the feed forwards pilot pressure
during anti-jamming action together with anti-jamming valve (34). This
means that depending of the setting of valve (71) the feed speed after
retrack movement is momentarily slow or little faster. The higher is the
setting of valve (71) (= more open is the adjusting screw from the fully
closed position) the faster is the feed speed. Note, that this ‘collaring
speed’ after retrack movement is anyway slower than the feed
maximum speed set by valve 39. Typical setting for the valve (71) is 2–3
rounds open from fully closed position.
The setting of valve (71) must be at least 2 rounds open from fully
closed position, otherwise feed forwards movement will stop working
(no oil is going to the feed pilot circuit after valve (71))
12. If the typical rotation pressure is higher (e.g. 60–70 bar) the setting
values of torque sensing valve (316) and anti-jamming valve (34) should
be adjusted higher so that the settings are not ‘disturbing’ the normal
drilling.
7.18 Adjusting the rock drill rotation speed (valve 59)

59
The rotation speed of the rock drill is adjusted with the rotation speed
adjusting valve (59). The valve is located in the cabin, on the operator’s
right side. Turning the adjusting knob counterclockwise lowers and turning it
clockwise increases the rotation speed of the drill bit. The correct rotation
speed depends on the rock type and the diameter of the drill bit. Sandvik
recommends the following rotation speeds for drill bits of different
diameters:
Drill bit size (mm) Drill bit size (in) Rotatin speed (r/m)
78 3.0 100...140
89 3.5 100...120
102 4.0 80...120
115 4.5 70...110
127 5.0 70...80

7.19 Adjusting feed and rotation speeds for threading
95
97A
97B
Thread opening, feed speed adjusting by relief valve 97B.

Thread closing, feed speed adjusting by relief valve 97A.
Feed speed for threading is adjusted by the double pressure relief valve
(97A/B) and rotation speed by pressure reducing valve (95). Adjust first
rotation pressure reducing valve (95) fully close (clockwise). Next adjust the
feed speed by valve (97A/B) to correspond to the pitch of the thread.
A screw driver, for example, can be used for checking the adjust-
ments (see picture). When threading, the screw driver should stay
in position. If it moves upwards when thread is opening, feed is too
fast . If the screw driver moves downwards, feed is too slow. Feed
speed is increasing when turning setting screw 97A/B clockwise.
Check the adjustment by threading a rod into the sleeve.

7.20 Adjusting the cooler pump (90) pressure relief valve (91)
116
91
150bar
91
116
353 80 361 90 Y276
T1
1. Connect a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M of the

pressure relief valve (91).
2. Open the locking nut of the valve (91).
3. Fully open the valve (91) (ccw).
4. Fully close (cw) the setting of the coolers speed adjusting one-way
restrictor (116).
5. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed.
6. Turn the adjusting screw of the pressure relief valve (91) clockwise until
the pressure does not increase anymore. This pressure should be
between 130 - 150 bar. Do not adjust relief valve (91) higher than 150
bar.


10. Readjust the one-way restrictor (116) back to the original setting.
7.21 Checking of the pressure relief valve (84) of dust collector

motor (82)
81
84
353 80 361 90
1. Connect the pressure gauge to the measuring point (M) of relief valve.
2. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed. Start the dust collector
and read the value of pressure gauge immediately after starting the dust
collector.
If the gauge shows the value of 210–220 bar, the pressure relief valve
(84) is operating correctly.
If the pressure gauge shows much higher or lower pressure during
starting, clean or replace the pressure relief valve (84).
4. Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point (M).

7.21.1 Adjusting the pressure relief valve (87) for dust collector pump (80)
82
A B
81
87
84
83
A D B
87
353 80 361 90
353 80 361 90
1. Connect a pressure gauge to dust collector control block measuring

point M.
2. Open the locking nut and fully close (clockwise) the setting of pressure
relief valve (87).
3. Start the diesel engine and set it to max. speed.
4. Move suction head fully up (to get maximum air flow to dust collector
circuit).
5. Start the dust collector and let it speed up to the maximum speed (the
pressure at pressure gauge should be about 190–205 bar).
6. Start to decrease (counterclockwise) the setting of valve (87) until
pressure at pressure gauge starts to decrease. Drop the pressure down
to 180 bar and start to increase (clockwise) the setting of valve (87) until
pressure at pressure gauge is back to ’maximum’ (190–205 bar).
7. Tighten the locking nut of the setting screw of valve (87).

7.22 Adjusting the transfer gearbox oil circulating pump (353)

pressure relief valve (354)
25,5 mm
354 +0,5 mm
354 M
353
353 80 361 90
Measurement (for fast check

Valve Pressure value
only)
RV10–20A-O-
25,5 + 0,5 mm 5...7 bar
NC-06
1. Disconnect the hose leaving from the pump (353) to the cooler core, put
a plug to the hose and a cap to the adapter of the pump.
2. Connect a pressure gauge to the measuring point (M) of the pump
(353).
3. Open the locking nut of the pressure relief valve (354) and fully open
( CCW) the adjusting screw.
4. Start the diesel engine and run it with full speed.
5. Start to close (CW) the adjusting screw of the pressure relief valve (354)
untill pressure at the pressure gauge shows 5 bar.
6. Tighten the locking nut.
8. Disconnect the pressure gauge and connect the hose back to the pump
adapter.

7.23 Checking the maximum pressure of the engine cooling circuit

1. Turn off the engine.
2. Attach a 400-bar pressure gauge to the cooler-pump measurement

connector.
3. Detach the cooler's proportional valve electrical connection.

5. Start locked drilling.
6. Check that the cooler circuit pressure rises to 120...130 bar.
7. Reconnect the cooler's proportional valve connection.
8. Check that the cooler circuit pressure decreases.
9. Turn off the engine.
10. Remove the pressure gauge and plug the measuring location.

7.24 Adjusting of the percussion pressure switch (12) and the

rotation pressure switch (66)
Several functions are controlled by percussion pressure switch S64 (12)
(eg. percussion hour meter, flushing automatics and shank lubrication).
Shank lubrication pump is controlled by pressure switch S77 (66) during the
rotation when percussion is not on (e.g. during the threading).
1. Connect a pressure gauge to measuring point M9 of the drilling control
block.
12
66
2. Adjust the pressure switches (12) and (66) roughly to 15 bar according
to the pressure switch scale.
3. Fully open the rotation speed adjusting valve (59) screwing counter
clock wise (valve located in cabin).
4. Start the diesel engine to idling speed.
5. Turn the drilling joystick to the left .
Rotation is activated but percussion remains off because rotation pilot
pressure is limited by the valve (59) to 5 bar, measuring point M9 at
6. Adjust by valve (59) the rotation pilot pressure approximately to 8 bar.
7. Adjust the percussion pressure switch (12) activating point to 8 bar. If
necessary use the multimeter.
8. Check the percussion pressure switch operation with ascending
pressure by adjusting rotation pilot pressure with valve (59), percussion
pressure switch must activate approximately in 8 bar (e.g. flushing goes
on).

9. Leave the rotation pilot pressure to 8 bar, check the pressure from the
pressure gauge installed to measuring point M9 at drilling control block.
10. Hold the drilling joystick turned to the left and switch percussion off by
pressing drilling joystick push button S19 (3), valve (242) will activate.
11. Adjust the rotation circuit pressure switch (66) to activate at 8 bar. Use
the multimeter to recognise the activating point or by observing shank
lubrication pump operation.
12. Check the pressure switch (66) operation with ascending pressure by
adjusting rotation pilot pressure with valve (59), rotation pressure switch
(66) must activate approximately in 8 bar.
13. Turn the drilling joystick to the middle position and press again the
drilling joystick push button S19 (3), percussion function will return
(valve (242) is deactivated).
14. Stop the diesel engine and remove the pressure gauge from the
measuring point M9.

8 HYDRAULIC OIL FILTRATION SYSTEM

8.1 Hydraulic oil filtration system
The system comprises pressure and return flow filtration. Pressure filtration
is only in the circuit of the pump (1), but return flow filtration is provided for
all pumps.
The pressure filter (112) has a cartridge type replaceable filter element (20
μm abs).
If the pressure difference over the filter rises higher than 2.5 bar, an
indicator light in the instrument panel goes on. It indicates that the filter
element should be replaced.
The filter body is also equipped with a bypass valve that open if the
pressure difference over the filter rises higher than 3.5 bar.
When the rig is started in cold weather, the filter service indicator
may illuminate several minutes before going off. The reason for this
NOTICE is that stiff, cold oil raises the pressure difference over the filter
higher than the set value of the pressure switch in the filter body. The
light should go off as the oil warms up.
The return oil filter (113) filters the return oils of all pumps. It is of a tank-top
type, which means that it is located inside the hydraulic oil tank.
It is equipped with a 12 μm (abs) replaceable filter element. The pressure
switch (118) for the return oil filter is located on the collector tube and it
indicates when the filter element should be replaced. If the pressure
difference over the filter rises above 2 bar, the service indicator in the
instrument panel goes on. The filter body is also provided with a bypass
valve that opens if the pressure difference over the filter exceeds 2.4 bar.


9 OIL COOLING SYSTEM

9.1 Oil cooling system
The oil returning from the various devices is collected to the hot side of the
collector tube (115) on the side of the oil tank (except ’leakage oil’ that runs
directly into the tank through adapters (119) in the side of the tank).
The collector tube comprises:
• Two thermostats (117) with the purpose to direct oil either directly from
the hot side to the cold side and then into tank or through the oil cooler.
The closing value of the thermostats is 52° C.
• Two pressure relief valves integrated to the thermostat with the purpose
to protect the cooler from too high pressures. When open, the pressure
relief valves let the oil flow from the hot side of the collector tube to the
cold side.
• Pressure switch (118) for return oil filter service indicator.
• A pressure gauge (121) that indicates the return oil pressure in the
collector tube.
• A non-return valve through which supplementary oil is pumped into the
hydraulic oil tank with a hand pump.
From the collector tube, oil flows either through the open thermostat to the
tank or, when the thermostat is closed, through the oil cooler (114).
Oil returns from the oil cooler to the cold side of the collector tube and flow
then through the return oil filter (113) into the tank.
The oil cooler (114) is used for cooling down both hydraulic and compressor
oil. The rotation speed of the cooling fan motor can be adjusted with an
one-way restrictor valve (116) mounted to the side of the motor.
Adjustments may be needed in cold climates, for instance, to get the oil up
to normal working temperature as quickly as possible.
The compressor circuit oil should especially be warmed up to normal
temperature as quickly as possible. This is important because the oil
circulation in the compressor relies on pressure difference. The colder the
oil is the more difficult oil circulation becomes. This may result in
compressor overheating which triggers the thermal protector.


10 TROUBLESHOOTING
10.1 General
If the drilling system is not working, check the following points before
starting any measurements:
1. Warning lights
- Hydraulic oil level
- Hydraulic oil temperature
- Pressure differences over return and pressure filters
- Diesel engine speed
2. External leakages on hoses, at adaptors, connections, and other
hydraulic components.
3. Mechanical functions
- Emergency stop switches
- Tightness of sliding pieces on feed
- Feed chain
- Etc.
4. Charge of battery
5. External cable damage
6. Electric connections
7. Pressure gauge readings
10.2 Troubleshooting for variable displacement pumps

10.2.1 Pumps not rotating
1. Check the coupling connection of the pump (1) shaft and the diesel
engine flywheel. Replace damaged coupling.
2. Check the spline connection between the pumps (1) and (50) by
detaching the pumps from each other at the flanges. If the sleeve or
shaft splines are worn, replace the sleeve and, if necessary, the pump
shafts, or replace the pumps.
3. Check the spline connection between the pumps (50) and (80) by
detaching the pumps from each other at the flanges. If the sleeve or
shaft splines are worn, replace the sleeve and, if necessary, the pump
shafts, or replace the pumps.

10.2.2 Pump rotates normally but stand-by pressure differs from normal 25 bar
Faults in regulator
drilling control block for measuring pump (1) pressure, or to the
pressure measuring point M of the rotation directional valve (53) for
measuring pump (50) pressure.
3. If the pressure reading at measuring point M1 or M differs from the
normal 25 bar value, the fault is probably in the adjustments of the
pump flow regulator A or its sticking. Adjust the pump’s (1) or (50)
stand-by pressure according to instructions.
4. If the remedies above (3) did not correct the fault, clean the flow
regulator A or replace the whole regulator unit, Readjustment of the
regulator is done according to adjusting instructions.
Faults of pump (1), not related to regulator
If the pump’s regulator is working, but the pressure deviates from 25 bar:
1. Check that the main pressure relief valve (138) of the tramming valve
(135) is working properly at 320 bar (fixed setting).
Faults of pump (50), not related to regulator
If the pump’s regulator is working, but the pressure deviates from the 25 bar
setting, it is likely that a valve is open to the tank because of too slack
setting of spring, or because a valve solenoid is live.
1. Check that the pressure relief valve (55) is set to 290 bar. If necessary,
readjust the valve according to adjusting instructions.
10.3 Troubleshooting for percussion

Percussion pump (1) output can be tested by tramming the rig because the
drive motors get the required volume flow from the same pump (1).
Pressure can be measured at point M1 at drilling control block.

10.3.1 Percussion not working at all
1. If the percussion pressure gauge (11) shows a reading but the

percussion mechanism (13) does not work when the drilling joystick is in
the drilling position, it is likely that the rock drill is damaged.
• Stop the diesel engine.
• Repair or replace the rock drill (see rock drill maintenance
instructions).
2. If the percussion pressure gauge (11) shows no reading when the
drilling joystick is in the drilling position, the percussion on/off valve
(242) might be activated (press once the push button 3 (S19) in drilling
joystick to deactivate valve (242)) or the problem might be on pilot
pressure side or the percussion main valve (3) or the percussion
selector valve (4) is sticking.
• Check the pilot pressure from drilling control block M9. When drilling
joystick is turned fully to the left, the pilot pressure at M9 must be at
least 11–12 bar to activate valve (4). If the pilot pressure is lower,
adjust it higher by turning valve (59) clockwise.
• If the pilot pressure at M9 is close to 0 bar when drilling joystick is
turned to the left check following items:
- Activate the fast feed button 1 (S21) in drilling joystick. If the pilot
pressure at M9 now increases to 25– 30 bar, the rotation speed
adjusting valve (59) is stuck to open position. Clean or replace the
valve (59).
- The ø 1,0 mm orifice at drilling joystick port 4 is blocked. Clean
it.
• Clean and repair, or replace the faulty valve (valve (3) and/or (4)).
3. If the percussion pressure gauge (11) shows a reading close to 25 bar
when the drilling joystick is in the drilling position, it is likely that the
restrictor (9) in the LS line is blocked (restrictor (9) is located in drilling
control block). Check the restrictor as follows:
• Remove the restrictor (9) and check it. Clean the restrictor hole.
- Carefully install the restrictor (9) back. Remember the correct
tightening torque (9 Nm).

10.3.2 Percussion does not stop at all
1. The valve (3) or (4) is sticking. Check the valves as follows:

• Install a pressure gauge to the measuring point M9 at drilling control
block.
• Start the diesel.
• If there is no pressure at the measuring point M9, it is likely that
either valve (3) or valve (4) is sticking. Check the valves as follows:
- Stop the diesel engine.
- Clean and repair, or replace the faulty valve.
• If there is pressure at the measuring point M9, it is likely that the
drilling joystick valve is sticking (leaking). Check its operation as
follows:
- Replace the joystick valve or a part of it.

10.3.3 Percussion pressure too high during collaring (percussion minimum power)
1. If the percussion pressure during collaring is too high (>80 bar), check
the adjustment of the percussion minimum pressure /follow-up valve
(303) according to the instructions in this manual. If the valve (303) is
not working, it must be cleaned and repaired, or replaced.
2. If the pressure level is not correct despite the above remedies, the
reason may also be that the LS restrictor (9) has loosened. The
tightness of the restrictor (9) in the drilling control block is checked as
follows:
- Remove the cap from the restrictor.
- Check that the restrictor (9) is tightened to correct torque (9 Nm).
- Replace the cap and tighten it.
3. Too high percussion pressure during collaring might be caused by
wrong setting of the feed overcenter valve (31) or reference pressure
valve (307).
- Check the setting of the feed overcenter valve by turning the feed
beam to vertical position, drive the rock drill to rear position, switch
on percussion and rotation by turning the drilling joystick to the left.
Then push the drilling joystick slightly forward so that feed downward
barely starts. Check that the reading on the feed pressure gauge (21)
is 25–30 bar (= setting value of overcenter valve 31).
- If the feed pressure is higher than 25–30 bar, check the setting of
feed overcenter valve (31).
- If the feed pressure is still higher than 25–30 bar, check the
mechanical parts of feed (drifter cradle wear pieces, hose reel, chain
tightness etc.).
- If the feed pressure is at right level (25–30 bar) but percussion
pressure still at too high level (> 80 bar) when drilling downwards
without any rock resistance, check the setting of reference pressure
valve (307) according to the instructions in this manual.
- If the reference pressure can’t be set correctly, clean, repair or
replace the valve (307).

10.3.4 Percussion pressure too low during collaring (percussion minimum power)
1. If the percussion pressure during collaring is too low (<80 bar), check
the adjustment of the percussion minimum pressure/follow-up valve
(303) according to the instructions in this manual. If the valve (303) is
not working, it must be cleaned and repaired, or replaced.
2. If the pressure level is not correct despite the above remedies, the
reason may also be that the LS restrictor (9) in the drilling control block
is blocked. The restrictor (9) is checked as follows:
- Remove the restrictor (9) from the bottom of the bore.
- Clean the restrictor hole, if necessary.
- Install the restrictor (9) back and tighten it to correct torque (9 Nm).
10.3.5 Percussion pressure rises too high in feed-percussion follow-up
1. If the setting of the reference pressure valve (307) is not correct (the
setting is too low), check the adjustment of the valve (307) according to
these instructions. If the reference pressure valve (307) is not working, it
must be cleaned and repaired, or replaced.
2. If the pressure level is not corrected by the above remedies, the reason
may also be that the LS restrictor (9) has loosened. Check the tightness
of the restrictor (9) on the drilling control block as follows:
• Remove the cap from the restrictor.
• Check that the restrictor (9) is tightened to correct torque (9 Nm).
• Replace the cap and tighten it.
3. Too high percussion pressure may also result if the coil of the valve (15)
is live. In this situation, feed-percussion follow-up is not working at all
and the valve (7) determines percussion pressure (= max. percussion
pressure). Carry on as follows:
• Switch feed–percussion follow-up on with the switch (S23) in the
cabin and check that the follow-up function works during drilling. If it
is not working, the reason may be that the valve (15) is sticking or
the electric control circuit of the valve is not working properly. In that
case, follow these instructions:
- Stop the diesel.
- Check the electric control circuit of the valve (15).
- Remove the valve (15) and clean and repair, or replace it.
4. Check the feed pressure in use. Drilling with overfeed will raise
percussion pressure higher than the normal level.
5. Check the adjustment value of valve 7 (maximum percussion pressure).
This valve can be used for limiting the maximum percussion pressure
used.

10.3.6 Percussion pressure remains too low in feed-percussion follow-up
1. If the setting of the reference pressure valve (307) is not correct (the
setting is too high), check the adjustment of the valve (307) according to
these instructions. If the reference pressure valve (307) is not working, it
must be cleaned and repaired, or replaced.
may also be that the LS restrictor (9) is blocked. Check the restrictor (9)
on the drilling control block as follows:
- Clean the restrictor hole as necessary.
- Install the restrictor (9) back into the bore and tighten it to correct
torque (9 Nm).
3. Check the feed pressure in use. Drilling with underfeed will leave
percussion pressure lower than the normal level.
4. Check the setting of the percussion max. pressure relief valve (7)
according to these instructions. If the valve (7) is set for too low
pressure level , it cuts percussion pressure to the setting value although
feed pressure still could raise percussion pressure higher.
5. Check the maximum feed speed during drilling. Drive the drifter
backwards, put the drilling on and check that the ‘free’ feed speed is 3,0
– 4,0 m/min. If the speed is much lower (1,0 – 1,5 m/min), do the
following items:
- Connect a pressure gauge to drilling control block measuring point
M10.
- Drive the drifter against front stopper, put the drilling on and check
that the feed pilot pressure at M10 is 13–14 bar.
- If the pressure is lower than 13–14 bar, press the fast feed button
(S21) in drilling joystick. If the pressure now rises to 25–30 bar, the
valve (39) is faulty. Clean or replace it.
- If the pilot pressure is still lower than 13-14 bar when the button
(S21) is activated, the low feed pilot pressure might be due to dirt in
the orifice (70) that slows down the dampening piston of the anti-
jamming valve (34). Check that the orifice (70) is not blocked (see
the picture of the anti-jamming valve, chapter 4.).
- If the feed pilot pressure is still lower than the setting of valve (39)
check also the adjustable restrictor (71) (port P) at anti-jamming
valve (34) base plate.

10.3.7 Percussion max. pressure too high
1. If percussion max. pressure is too high, start troubleshooting by

checking the setting of the percussion max. pressure relief valve (7)
according to these instructions. If the valve is not working properly,
clean and repair, or replace it.
2. If the above remedies did not correct the fault, the reason may be that
the restrictor (9) has loosened. Check the tightness of the restrictor (9)
- Check that the restrictor (9) is tightened to correct torque (9 Nm).
10.3.8 Percussion max. pressure level too low
1. If the percussion max. pressure level is too low, start troubleshooting by
checking the adjustment of the percussion max. pressure relief valve (7)
according to the instructions in this manual. If the valve (7) is not
working properly, clean and repair, or replace it.
may also be that the LS restrictor (9) is blocked. Check the restrictor (9)
- Clean the restrictor hole, if necessary.
- Install the restrictor (9) back and tighten it to correct torque (9 Nm).
3. Check the tramming circuit max. pressure relief valve (131) according to
‘Carrier hydraulics’ instructions. A leaking relief valve (131) might cause
problems with percussion max. pressure.
10.4 Troubleshooting for feed functions

Feed pump (1) output can be tested by tramming the rig because the drive
motors get the required volume flow from the same pump (1). Pressure can
be measured at point (M1) in drilling control block.
The operation of feed directional valve (23) can be tested by a hand lever
mounted to the valve.

10.4.1 Feed movement is not working at all

If the feed movement is not working at all, carry out the following remedies:
1. Check the setting of the pilot control circuit pressure regulator (43).
2. Check that the emergency stop valve (241) is active.
If it is not, the feed safety wire has triggered the drilling stop switch,
which has deactivated the valve (241). Release the emergency stop
switch.
The pilot control pressure at the measuring point M10 in drilling control
block is not correct. Carry on as follows:
3. Install a pressure gauge to the measuring point M10.
5. Push the drilling joystick to the forward position.
• If the pressure is lower than 13–14 bar, press the fast feed button 1
(S21) in drilling joystick. If the pressure now rises to 25–30 bar, the
valve (39) is faulty. Clean or replace it.
• If the pilot pressure is still lower than 13-14 bar when the button
• If the feed pilot pressure is still lower than the setting of valve (39)
6. Release the drilling joystick to the middle position.
The pressure at the measuring point M10 is correct, but feed
movement still does not work:
9. Check that the lever (hex. bar, see fig.) assembled to the mechanical
activating module of the feed directional valve (23) moves when the
drilling joystick is moved.
If the lever is not moving, the spool is sticking. Clean or replace the
spool as follows:

11. Remove the mechanical activating module of the valve (23).

The spool comes out with the module.
12. Clean the spool and the valve thoroughly, or replace the spool.
13. Install the spool with the module back into position. Do not use
excessive force or hammer the spool end.
14. Check that the correct feed pressure comes from the ports A and B of
the feed directional valve (23).
The feed forwards pressure is adjusted with the feed pressure
regulating valve (20), fast feed forwards is adjusted with feed LSB-
pressure relief valve (29) and feed backwards with LS A-pressure relief
valve (30).
• If pressures at ports A and B are correct, check that feed motor
brake gets enough pressure to release the brake: min 21 bar /max
200 bar.
• Check that the rock drill carriage, feed chain, or some other
component used for transferring feed movement is not sticking.
• Check that the feed motor is not too badly worn, indicated by
excessive leakage of oil.
15. If there is no pressure at the measuring point M10 it is possible that the
feed control valve (16) of the drilling joystick is faulty. In that case, stop
the diesel and repair the valve (16).
16. Check the shock pressure/suction valves (24) and (25) in feed main
valve, they might be leaking. If needed, clean, repair or replace it.
17. Check the function of torque sensing valve (316). Plug the hose going
to port 1 of valve (316). If now the feed starts to work, clean, repair or
replace the valve (316).

10.4.2 Drilling feed pressure too low
1. Troubleshooting must be started by checking the operation of the feed

pressure regulating valve (20) as follows:
- Start the diesel engine.
- Run the rock drill against the front stopper.
- Lock the drilling joystick to the drilling position to start percussion/
feed forwards.
- Check the feed pressure adjusting range by turning the adjustment
of the valve (20) from one extreme position to the other, whereby the
feed pressure reading should change between 20 and 130 bar. Read
the pressure in the pressure gauge (21).
- Release the drilling joystick to the middle position.
If the feed pressure regulating valve (20) does not adjust the pressure
between 20 and 130 bar, it is possible that the valve (20) or the feed
motor is faulty. Check the condition of the components as follows:
- Plug the pressure hose to the feed motor.
- Start the diesel engine and check if the valve (20) adjusts between
20 and 130 bar as described above.
- If the valve now adjusts the pressure between 20 and 130 bar, it is
likely that the feed motor is faulty. Repair or replace the motor.
2. If the above remedies do not correct the fault, check that the pilot
control pressure of the joystick is correct. It should be 13-14 bar.
- Install a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M10.
- Push the drilling joystick to the forward position.
- If the pressure at measuring point M10 is lower than 13-14 bar,
press the fast feed button 1 (S21) in drilling joystick. If the pressure
now rises to 25–30 bar, the valve (39) is faulty. Clean or replace it.
- If the pilot pressure is still lower than 13-14 bar when the button
- If the feed pilot pressure is still lower than the setting of valve (39)
- Release the joystick to the middle position.
- Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M10.
3. If there is no pressure at the measuring point M10 it is possible that the
feed control valve (16) of the drilling joystick is faulty. In that case, stop
the diesel and repair the valve (16).
4. Check the setting of anti-jamming valve (34). If the setting is too low, it
will start to decrease the feed pressure during normal drilling.

5. Check the setting of torque sensing valve (316). If the setting is too low,
it will start to decrease the feed pressure during normal drilling.
6. Check the shock pressure/suction valves (24) and (25) in feed main
valve (23), they might be leaking. If needed, clean, repair or replace it.
7. Check the shuttle valve (44) at feed motor counterbalance valve block,
it might be leaking. Clean, repair or replace it.
8. Check the setting of the feed restrictor valve (301). If the setting is
incorrect it may cause low feed pressure. Factory setting for the feed
restrictor is 1.5-2.0 rounds open (ccw) from the fully closed position.
10.4.3 Drilling feed pressure too high
1. Check first that the feed pressure regulating valve (20) is working. If the
valve (20) is unable to adjust between 35 and 130 bar, it is likely that it
is faulty. Repair it as follows:
- Clean and repair, or replace the valve.
2. Check that the control line X of the tank line control valve (32) is not
receiving control pressure during drilling as this would change the
position of the valve (32) so that the pressure of the valve (20) is not
going to the feed tank line but to the pressure line, causing the feed
pressure to rise.
3. Check that the tank pressure at the T1 port of the feed regulating valve
(20) control block is not unusually high during drilling (should be below 5
bar).
4. Check the setting of the feed restrictor valve (301). If the setting is
incorrect it may cause high feed pressure. Factory setting for the feed
restrictor is 1.5–2.0 rounds open (ccw) from the fully closed position.
10.4.4 Fast feed not working
1. Check the setting of the pilot control circuit pressure regulator (43).
2. Check that emergency stop valve (241) is active. If it is not, the feed
safety wire has triggered the drilling stop switch, which has deactivated
the valve (241). Release the drilling stop switch.
3. The pilot control pressure at the drilling control block measuring point
M10 is not correct. Carry on as follows:
• Install a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M10.
• Start the diesel engine.
• Remove the drill rod.
• Move the drilling joystick fully forwards and backwards while
depressing the fast feed button 1 (S21).

• If the max. pressure at the measuring point M10 is not 30 bar, check
the following:
- Check that the drilling joystick gives out 30 bar pilot control
pressure. If not, replace or repair the valve.
- If the max. pressure is only 13–14 bar check that the coil of the
valve (41) is activated while depressing the fast feed button 1
(S21). If not activated, check wiring and electric connections. If
activated, clean, repair or replace the valve (41).
• Release the drilling joystick to the middle position.
• Remove the pressure gauge from the measuring point M10.
4. The pilot control pressure at the measuring point M10 is correct, but the
feed pressure gauge shows no reading. The most likely reason for this
is that the spool of the valve (23) is sticking. Check the operation as
follows:
• Remove the mechanical activating module of the valve (23). The
spool comes out with the module.
• Clean the spool and the valve thoroughly.
• Reinstall the spool.
5. Fast feed maximum pressure adjustments are incorrect.
• Adjust the LS B valve (29) and the LS A valve (30).

10.4.5 Fast feed movement too slow
1. Start troubleshooting by checking the pilot control pressure of the feed

control spool (23). Check it as follows:
• Install a pressure gauge to the pressure measuring point M10.
• Remove the drill rod.
• Move the drilling joystick fully forwards and backwards while
depressing the fast feed button 1 (S21).
2. If the max. pressure reading is 30 bar, it is likely that the fault is caused
by incorrect adjustment of fast feed maximum speed or maximum
pressure. Check the adjustments as follows:
• Run the rock drill against the rear stopper and hold the joystick in this
position while holding the fast feed button 1 (S21) down.
• If the reading in the feed pressure gauge (21) is 180 bar (correct
value), it is likely that the fast feed speed is incorrectly adjusted.
Adjust the fast feed speed.
• If the fast feed backwards maximum pressure setting is not 180 bar,
adjust the pressure. If the pressure cannot be adjusted correctly, the
likely reason is that either the LSA valve (30) is faulty or the feed
motor is badly worn.
- Run the rock drill to the front stopper and hold the joystick in this
position while holding the fast feed button 1 (S21) down.
- If the pressure gauge now shows 150–180 bar reading (correct
value), it is likely that the feed motor is leaking or the feed
mechanism has a mechanical fault. Repair or replace the
damaged components.
- If the pressure cannot be adjusted with the LS B valve (29), it is
likely that the valve is faulty. Clean and repair, or replace the valve
(29), and readjust it.
3. If the pilot pressure is still lower than 13-14 bar when the button (S21) is
activated, the low feed pilot pressure might be due to dirt in the orifice
(70) that slows down the dampening piston of the anti-jamming valve
(34). Check that the orifice (70) is not blocked (see the picture of the
anti-jamming valve, chapter 4.).
4. If the feed forwards pilot pressure is still lower than the setting of valve
(39) check also the adjustable restrictor (71) (port P) at anti-jamming
10.4.6 Fast feed movement too fast
1. If fast feed movement is too fast upwards or downwards, readjust it
according to the instructions in this manual.

10.5 Troubleshooting for rotation

Rotation pump (50) output can be tested by running the boom movements
because the boom cylinders get the required volume flow from the same
pump (50). Pressure can be measured at rotation valve (53) measuring
point (M).
The operation of rotation directional valve (53) can be tested by a hand
lever mounted to the valve.
10.5.1 Rotation pressure too low during drilling
1. If rotation pressure is too low during drilling, you should check if the
pressure relief valve (60) of the LS A line is incorrectly adjusted. Adjust
the valve according to the setting instructions. If the pressure still fails to
adjust to the correct value, it may be that the setting of the rotation
circuit maximum pressure relief valve (55) is incorrect. If the valve (55)
fails to adjust to the recommended value, it is likely that it is damaged.
Replace the valve and adjust it according to the instructions. If the
pressure still cannot be adjusted correctly, the reason may be that the
rotation pump (50) is faulty. Replace the pump (50) and readjust the
valves (55) and (60).
2. The reasons for too low rotation pressure during drilling may be drilling
with too slow rotation speed or underfeed. Check the following points:
- Check and adjust the right rotation speed according to setting
instructions, see chapter 'Adjustments of hydraulic components'.
- Check and adjust the right feed pressure according to setting
instructions, see chapter 'Adjustments of hydraulic components'. If
the feed pressure can’t be set to right value, see the troubleshooting
chapter ‘Drilling feed pressure too low’.
3. Insufficient flushing might cause low rotation pressure despite right feed
pressure and rotation speed. Check that flushing is working properly.
4. If rotation pressure still remains low, the reason may be leaking rotation
motor. Replace the motor.
10.5.2 Rotation pressure too high during drilling
1. Too high rotation pressure during drilling is caused by, for instance, too
high feed pressure or high rotation speed. Too high feed pressure
causes drilling with overfeed, which is indicated by high rotation
pressure but also by bending of drill rod and unusual vibration. Adjust
feed pressure so that rotation pressure returns to typical values in the
current drilling conditions.
2. If the above adjustments do not lower rotation pressure, the reason may
be in faulty rotation motor. In that case, replace or repair the rotation
motor as described in the service/repair instructions for the rock drill.

10.5.3 Rotation speed cannot be adjusted
1. If rotation speed cannot be adjusted, start troubleshooting by checking

the pilot control pressure of the rotation directional valve (53) as follows:
• Install pressure gauges to the drilling control block measuring points
M9 and M11.
• Turn the rotation speed regulating valve (59) fully closed (cw).
• Make sure the the coil of the fast rotation valve (58) is not active.
• Turn the drilling joystick to the rotating position (left), whereby also
minimum power percussion will start.
• If the pressure in the measuring point M9 is approx. 30 bar, it is
correct.
• Turn the drilling joystick to the extreme right position while
depressing the fast feed button 1 (S21), (percussion has to be
switched off from button 3 (S19)) whereby fast rotation in the thread
opening direction will start (now the coils 58 and 62 are active).
• If the pressure in the measuring point M11 is approx. 30 bar, it is
correct.
• If the pressures in the measuring points M9 and M11 are correct, it is
likely that the fault is in damaged regulating valve (59) or sticking
spool of rotation directional valve (53). Check the operation of the
valves as follows:
- Lock the drilling joystick to the extreme left position, whereby
rotation and minimum power percussion will start.
- Turn the rotation speed adjusting knob of the valve (59) between
its extreme positions and see if the rotation speed changes at the
same time. Check also that pilot pressure at measuring point M9
is varying from 5 to 30 bar. Note, that percussion will stop (drilling
joystick is centralized) when pilot pressure at M9 goes lower than
9 bar.
- If the rotation pilot pressure can’t be adjusted with valve (59),
clean and repair, or replace the valve (59).
- If the rotation speed still cannot be adjusted, it is likely that the
spool of the rotation directional valve (53) is sticking.
- Clean the spool and the valve thoroughly.
- Install the spool back into place cautiously without using
excessive force or striking the spool end.
2. If the above remedies did not correct the fault, it is likely that the rotation
motor in the rock drill is faulty. Repair the rotation motor according to
instructions in the rock drill repair / maintenance manual.

10.6 Factory settings and measuring points of pressures

N:O FUNCTION SETTING, BAR MEASURING POINT
PRESSURE REGULATOR OF PERCUS-
1 280 M1
SION AND FEED PUMP
FLOW REGULATOR OF PERCUSSION
1 25 M1
AND FEED PUMP (STAND BY)
4 PERCUSSION SELECTOR VALVE FIXED 9 M9
MAX. PERCUSSION PRESSURE REGU-
7
LATING VALVE
DX700 170 M1
DX780 180 M1
DX800 190 M1
PRESSURE SWITCH FOR PERCUS-
12 8–9 M9
SION
20 FEED PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE VARIES M6
24 B-LINE SHOCK VALVE FIXED 230 –
25 A-LINE SHOCK VALVE FIXED 230 –
FAST FEED MAX. PRESSURE DOWN-
29 150–180 M6
WARDS
FAST FEED MAX. PRESSURE UP-
30 180 M6
WARDS
34 ANTI-JAMMING VALVE 80 M
39 FEED PILOT PRESSURE
4.0 m/min (13–14
DX700 M10
bar)
4.0 m/min (13–14
DX780 M10
bar)
4.0 m/min (13–14
DX800 M10
bar)
ADJUSTMENT OF PILOT CONTROL
43 30 M8
PRESSURES
PRESSURE REGULATOR OF ROTA-
50 260 M
TION PUMP
FLOW REGULATOR OF ROTATION
50 25 M
PUMP (STAND BY)
ROTATION MAIN PRESSURE RELIEF
55 290 M
VALVE
ROTATION SPEED REGULATING
59 VARIES M9
VALVE

N:O FUNCTION SETTING, BAR MEASURING POINT

MAX. ROTATION PRESSURE IN DRILL-
60 150 M
ING DIRECTION
MAX. ROTATION PRESSURE IN
61 195 M
THREAD OPENING DIRECTION
PRESSURE SWITCH FOR SLU CON-
66 8–9 M9
TROL
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FEED
72 SPEED BACKWARDS DURING ANTI- VARIES M20
JAMMING
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR DUST
84 FIXED 210-220 M
COLLECTOR
EXTRA PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR
87 190–205 M
DUST COLLECTOR
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR COOL-
91 150 M
ER
PERCUSSION MINIMUM POWER REG-
303
ULATING VALVE
DX500, HL 500 90 M1
DX500, HLX 5T 90 M1
DX680, HL 650 80 M1
DX700, HL 710 80 M1
DX780, HL 810T 80 M1
DX800, HL 810T 80 M1
DX780/800, HF 810T 90 M1
307 REFERENCE PRESSURE VALVE
DX700 VARIATION 35–85 BAR VARIES M
316 TORQUE SENSING VALVE 70 M
354 Pressure relief valve 5–7 M
355 Proportional pressure relief valve 120–130 M

www.sandvik.com
Original instructions
BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
Variable displacement pump

WARNING
To avoid death or injury you MUST read, understand and follow
operator's and maintenance manuals before installing, inspecting,
operating, servicing, testing, cleaning, transporting, storing,
dismantling or disposing of the product or a part or accessory of the
product. Keep this publication for future reference.
Copyright © Sandvik
ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
Table of Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................... 7
1.1 The Purpose of these instructions ......................................................7
1.1.1 Validity of the manuals ................................................................ 7
2 Main components ..........................................................9

2.1 Structure of pump .................................................................................9
3 Pump operation .............................................................11

3.1 Function of pump ................................................................................. 11
3.2 Regulating unit ......................................................................................11
3.3 Pressure controller ...............................................................................13
3.4 Flow controller ...................................................................................... 13
3.4.1 Load sensing lines .......................................................................13
3.4.2 Stand by pressure ....................................................................... 13
ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The Purpose of these instructions
This manual contains supplementary information for operation,
maintenance and repair of a component.
Before operating, or performing maintenance or repair procedures for the
component or system described in this manual, read and understand the
information in operator´s and maintenance manuals supplied with the
machine. Pay special attention to the safety information in chapter "2 Safety
and environmental instructions" of those manuals.
1.1.1 Validity of the manuals
This manual, and especially the safety information, is valid only if no
unauthorized changes to the product are made.
Continuing improvement and advancement of product design might have
caused changes to your product which are not included in this publication.
Note also that if a third party has made changes to the product after
delivery from the manufacturer, this publication does not include information
on these changes or their influences on the product.
Whenever a question arises regarding your product, or this manual, please
consult your local Sandvik representative for the latest available
information.

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
2 MAIN COMPONENTS
2.1 Structure of pump
The piston movements of the pump take the oil from the suction side to the
pressure side. The pump is an axial piston pump where the pistons move in
the direction of the drive axle.
The variable displacement pump used by Sandvik is a swash plate type
pump. The piston ends slide against the swashplate which angle depends
on the LS-signal (pressure).
The ports of the pump are marked as follows :
S = suction port
B = pressure port
L = drain port
X = pilot port
1 2
L S
1 Pressure controller
2 Flow controller

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
1 2 3
X
4 2 5 6
Across section of a 31-series pump
5 6
3 4
Across section of a 52-series pump
1 Counter piston 2 Pistons

3 Angle plate spring holds plate 4 Swash plate
in maximum angle (full out-
put) if regulating unit does
not decrease angle (output)
5 Control piston 6 Control unit

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
3 PUMP OPERATION
3.1 Function of pump
The flow is proportional to the drive speed and the displacement. By
adjusting the position of the swashplate it is possible to steplessly vary the
flow.
Stroke Stroke Stroke = 0
Maximum angle = maxi- Decreased angle = de-

Zero angle = zero flow
mum flow creased flow
3.2 Regulating unit
F X D
P B1 A T C
DRS-regulating unit
1 Flow controller
2 Pressure controller

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
1
2
X1 X2
V
3 4
X
5
F
6 7
8 B1 P A T
B 10
9 11
S L
13
35° _
12
14
15
Hydraulic flowchart
Pressure line
Return line
Control pressure line
1 Device max. pressure 2 Shuttle valve

3 Electrically controlled valve 4 Load sensing line
5 Flow conrroller 6 Pressure controller
7 Controller unit 8 Pressure gauge
9 Driven motor or cylinder 10 Pump
11 Main pressure relief valve 12 Thermostat
13 Cooler 14 Filter
15 Oil tank

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
The control unit mounted to the pump controls the angle of the swash plate.
The pump has separate controllers for pressure and flow.
The line B1 of the control unit receives system pressure. Through the
borings in the control unit spindles, the pressure is led to the left end of the
control spindles.
The line A leads to the control piston that control the angle of the swash
plate.
The line T leads into the pump housing, and it is connected to the tank
through the drain line.
3.3 Pressure controller

When the pressure in the line B1 increases, the control unit spindle P
moves to the right, against the spring. When the set maximum pressure is
reached, the connection from B1 to A opens, and oil flows to the control
piston that decreases the angle of the swash plate.
The adjusting screw C is used for adjusting the maximum system pressure.
The pressure must be c. 20 bar lower than the opening pressure of the
main pressure relief valve (= safety valve).
3.4 Flow controller

Flow varies according to the demand of the system. The system pressure
through B1 affects the left end of the spindle F. The pressure from the load
sensing line X affects the right end where the spring is located. The
pressure difference over the system directional valve V forces the
regulator’s spindle F against the spring. If the pressure difference
increases, the connection between the lines B1 and A opens, and the pump
is adjusted for lower flow. If the pressure difference decreases, the
connection between the lines A and T opens, and the flow of the pump
increases.
3.4.1 Load sensing lines
It is possible to adjust several systems (X1, X2, etc.) at the same time by
controlling the LS-pressures of each system.
3.4.2 Stand by pressure
In the situation, when no devices are in operation, the load sensing line X
has no pressure, because it is connected to the tank line through the
directional valve. The system pressure from B1 forces the flow regulator
spindle F to the right against the spring. The connection from B1 to A opens
up, and the pump is adjusted to zero flow and low pressure.
The stand by pressure of the system is adjusted with the screw D. The
desired value will adjust according to the adjusting instructions of the pump
(depends on the system).

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20

ID: BG00201684 en-US D.001.1 2018-08-20
www.sandvik.com
Traducción de las instrucciones originales
BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Símbolos para el equipamiento

hidráulico y neumático
Símbolos para el equipamiento hidráulico y neumático
ADVERTENCIA
PELIGRO EN CASO DE INOBSERVANCIA DE LAS
INSTRUCCIONES
A fin de evitar la muerte o graves lesiones, usted TIENE
que leer, comprender y seguir detalladamente los
manuales de mantenimiento y del operario antes de
instalar, inspeccionar, operar, revisar, comprobar, limpiar,
transportar, guardar, desmontar o eliminar el producto, o
una parte o accesorio del producto. Guardar esta
publicación para futuras referencias.
ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Esta página se ha dejado en blanco intencionadamente
ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Índice de contenidos
1 Símbolos para el equipamiento hidráulico y

neumático ...................................................................... 7
1.1 Símbolos para el sistema hidráulico y neumático ............................ 7
1.2 Designaciones de ubicaciones en los diagramas (si corresponde) 13
1.3 Coloración de líneas en los diagramas (si corresponde) ................. 16
ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
1 SÍMBOLOS PARA EL EQUIPAMIENTO HIDRÁULICO Y

NEUMÁTICO
1.1 Símbolos para el sistema hidráulico y neumático
Conducto de funcionamiento (conducto de alimen-
tación, de retorno, de aspiración y de presión).
Conducto de control piloto
Conducto de drenaje o purga
Conducto flexible
Línea eléctrica
La línea punteada rodea los componentes que es-

tán ensamblados en una unidad
Eje, palanca, varilla, vástago del pistón
Empalme de la canalización
Canalizaciones cruzadas
Dirección del caudal en el sistema hidráulico (por

ejemplo, caudal de aceite en bombas y motores)
Dirección del caudal en el sistema neumático (por
ejemplo, caudal de aire en compresores y motores
de aire)
Dirección
Dirección de rotación
Recorrido y dirección de las válvulas de caudal

transversal. La línea pequeña perpendicular des-
cribe el movimiento de la flecha.
Indicación de la posibilidad de regulación
Muelle
Muelle ajustable

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
BOMBAS Y COMPRESORES
Bomba hidráulica de capacidad fija con una direc-

ción de flujo
Bomba hidráulica de capacidad fija con dos direc-

ciones de flujo
Compresor
MOTORES
Motor eléctrico (Sandvik usa la misma marca para
motores de radiador)
Motor hidráulico de capacidad fija con una direc-

ción de flujo
Motor hidráulico de capacidad fija con dos direc-

ciones de flujo
Motor neumático de capacidad fija con una direc-

ción de flujo (motor de aire)
Motor oscilante (hidráulico)
CILINDROS
Cilindro de accionamiento simple
Cilindro de accionamiento simple con retorno por

muelle
Cilindro de accionamiento doble
Cilindro con émbolo
MÉTODOS DE CONTROL
Control muscular
Símbolo general
Por palanca
Por pedal
Control mecánico

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Por muelle (por ejemplo, movimientos de retorno)
Retén (por ejemplo, para mantener el carrete de la

válvula de control en una posición determinada)
Control eléctrico
Por solenoide (un bobinado)
Por solenoide (dos bobinados funcionando en di-

recciones opuestas)
Control por presión
Control indirecto
Control directo (recorrido interno)
VÁLVULAS
Se trata de un cuadrado en una fila de cuadrados,
cada uno de los cuales muestra una posición de
funcionamiento de la válvula.
VÁLVULAS DE CONTROL DIRECCIONAL

Válvulas que abren o cierran uno o más recorridos
de soplado (por ejemplo, controles del brazo).
La válvula de control direccional es una fila de
cuadrados en los que las líneas están conectadas
al cuadrado que representa la posición básica.
A B
Marcas de orificios en las válvulas de control direc-
cional:
P T
P = presión desde la bomba
T = depósito
A, B, C... = conductos de funcionamiento
X, Y, Z... = conductos de presión piloto
a, b, c... = conexiones para el control eléctrico
Un recorrido de caudal
Dos recorridos de caudal
Un recorrido de caudal (dos puertos cerrados)

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Dos recorridos de caudal (un puerto cerrado)
En los sgiguientes ejemplos, el primer número in-

dica la cantidad de conexiones (aberturas), y el se-
gundo número indcia la cantidad de posiciones de
funcionamiento. Las conexiones de presión de
control no aparecen representadas.
3/2 válvula de control, control piloto en ambas di-

recciones
4/3 válvula de control, controlada por palanca,

centrado mediante muelle
6/3 válvula de control (válvula de control móvil)
Válvula de cierre (por ejemplo, válvula esférica)
VÁLVULAS DE CONTROL DE PRESIÓN

Válvulas que controlan la presión
Válvula de alivio de presión (válvula de seguridad)
La presión de entrada se controla abriendo la
abertura de escape al depósito de reserva, o a la
atmósfera contra la fuerza opuesta. (Válvula hi-
dráulica a la izquierda y neumática a la derecha)
Válvula reductora de presión (reguladora de pre-
sión)
La unidad con presión de entrada variable propor-
ciona una considerable presión de salida constan-
te, teniendo en cuenta que la presión de entrada
permanece por encima de la presión de salida re-
querida.
Sin orificio de salida
Con orificio de salida
Válvula de sobrecentro
La válvula permite un caudal libre en una direc-
ción. También es posible el caudal en la dirección
opuesta, teniendo en cuenta que una presión pilo-
to externa abre la válvula, o la fuerza generada por
la presión de entrada excede la fuerza del resorte.

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
VÁLVULAS SIN RETORNO

Válvulas que sólo permiten el caudal en una direc-
ción
Válvula de retención
Se abre con una pequeña diferencia de presión
entre la entrada y la salida.
Se abre debido a una diferencia significativa con-
tra el muelle (por ejemplo, filtros de aceite).
Válvula de retención controlada por pilotaje
La presión piloro abre la válvula.
Limitador de sentido único

La unidad permite el flujo libre en una dirección,
pero en la otra dirección el flujo estará limitado. El
caudal limitado es ajustable (por ejemplo, para
controlar la velocidad del movimiento del cilindro).
Válvula de doble efecto
El orificio de entrada conectado a la presión más
alta se conecta automáticamente al orificio de sali-
da, mientras que el otro orificio de entrada está ce-
rrado.
VÁLVULAS DE CONTROL DE CAUDAL

Las válvulas que controlan el caudal
Válvula reguladora de mariposa
Válvula de control de flujo

Las variaciones en la presión de entrada no afec-
tan al caudal volumétrico.
Salida variable
Símbolo simplificado para el anterior
Salida variable con orificio de alivio

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Símbolo simplificado para el anterior
Válvula de división de flujo
La válvula divide el caudal en dos caudales en una

proporción fija, significativamente independiente
de las variaciones de presión.
TOMA DE POTENCIA
Enchufado (para la conexión de un manómetro o
toma de potencia)
Conectado. Con válvulas sin retorno de apertura
mecánica
DEPÓSITOS DE RESERVA
Depósito de reserva, generalmente
Depósito de reserva con conducto de entrada por
encima del nivel del fluido
Depósito de reserva con conducto de entrada por
debajo del nivel del fluido
Depósito de reserva (aire comprimido)

Acumulador de presión
FILTER
Filtro o colador
LLAVE DEL AGUA
Drenaje manual
LUBRICADOR
La unidad añade pequeñas cantidades de aceite al

aire que pasa a través de la unidad

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
REFRIGERADORES
Refrigerador de aire
Refrigerador de agua
INSTRUMENTOS DE MEDICIÓN
Manómetro
Termómetro
OTROS EQUIPAMIENTOS
Presostato eléctrico
Silenciador (suele usarse en aberturas de escape

de aparatos neumáticos)
1.2 Designaciones de ubicaciones en los diagramas (si corresponde)

CT7 CT7
L L
CT1 CT2 CT1 CT2
3.5bar 0.2bar 3.5bar 0.2bar

S SC S SC
CT3 CT4 CT3 CT4
D D
CT5.1 CT5.1
1Y277 2Y277
PC PC
CT6.1 CT8 CT6.1 CT8
0.5bar 0.5bar
TG TC TG TC
P T P T
+M1 +M1
=4-P2.L =4-P2.R
La designación de ubicación (señalada con una flecha) se divide en tres o

cuatro partes:
1 +M1 Bloque de ubicación

2 =4 Sistema

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
3 -P2 Número y tipo de componente

4 .R Información detallada (si corresponde)
1. Bloque de ubicación
El bloque de ubicación ofrece una idea aproximada de dónde se sitúa el
componente en el equipo.
+F2 +M2 +R2 +E2
+F1 +M1 +R1 +E1
+F1 Bloque delantero izquierdo

+F2 Bloque delantero derecho
+M1 Bloque central izquierdo
+M2 Bloque central derecho
+R1 Bloque trasero izquierdo
+R2 Bloque trasero derecho
+E1 Bloque final izquierdo
+E2 Bloque final derecho
+M1 indica que el componente se sitúa en el bloque central izquierdo
(marcado con un color azul).
Si no hay ningún número después de la letra (+F, +M, +R, +E), esto
significa que el componente se sitúa en la línea central del equipo o que no
corresponde.

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
+D2
+C1 +C2
+B2
Bloques adicionales en equipos de perforación DD/DT
+C1 Cabina/techo de cabina (parte trasera)

+C2 Cabina/techo de cabina (parte delantera)
+D2 Módulo de perforación y avance
+B2 Brazo
+D2 y +B2 están en el lado derecho del equipo de perforación y +D1 y +B1
están en el lado izquierdo.
+C1 +C2 +B1
+D1
Bloques adicionales en equipos de perforación DL
+C1 Cabina/techo de cabina (parte trasera)

+C2 Cabina/techo de cabina (parte delantera)
+B1 Brazo
+D1 Módulo de perforación y avance
2. Sistema
El equipo de perforación se divide en 11 subsistemas:
1 Martillo perforador 2 Brazo
3 Barrido 4 SLU
5 Suministro de aceite y 6 Gestión de herramientas
acondicionado
7 Funciones de cemento y 8 Transmisión
empernado

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
9 Dirección y frenos 10 Brazo de uso

11 Funciones auxiliares
=4 indica que el componente se sitúa en el sistema SLU.
3. Número y tipo de componente
P Bomba
V Válvula
A Accionador
Z Otro componente
-P2 indica que el componente en cuestión es una bomba y que su número
de recuento es 2.
4. Información detallada (si corresponde)
L Izquierdo (brazo 1)
R Derecho (brazo 2)
M Central (brazo 3)
Fr Delantero (eje)
Re Trasero (eje)
.R informa de que el componente controla la lubricación del martillo
perforador del brazo 2.
1.3 Coloración de líneas en los diagramas (si corresponde)

Se han utilizado los siguientes colores en los diagramas de circuitos para
explicar el flujo de aceite.
Roja Conducto de alta presión
Discontinua roja Conducto de pilotaje de alta presión
Discontinua rosa Conducto de pilotaje general
Azul Conducto de retorno/depósito
Discontinua azul Conducto de drenaje
Verde Conducto en funcionamiento 1
Marrón Conducto en funcionamiento 2

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
Discontinua verde Conducto de pilotaje 1
Discontinua marrón Conducto de pilotaje 2
Discontinua amarilla Conducto de detección de carga

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02

ID: BG00201680 es-ES D.001.1 2017-03-02
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Original instructions

THC 700 Rock pilot Testing and

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4 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

3 Controls and instruments..............................................13

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7 Adjustments of hydraulic components........................ 63

8 Hydraulic oil filtration system....................................... 91

9 Oil cooling system..........................................................93

6 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

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8 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

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10 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

WARNING! ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD!

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RISK OF DAMAGING THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM!

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3 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS

1 Threading control lever S29 2 Percussion pressure gauge

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9 Feed-percussion follow-up 10 Feed-percussion follow-up

14 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

15 Flushing control automatics 16 Flushing control automatics

H99 H93 H41

S99 S13 S 14 H94 S6 H14 S3 3 H11

19 Hydraulic oil preheating, indicator light goes on

3.2 Drilling joystick

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1 Push button 1 (S21), fast feed / rotation

16 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

A Percussion valve block B Feed valve block

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18 (114) Copyright © Sandvik

4.2 Percussion and feed control block

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3 Percussion main valve (un- 4 Percussion selector valve

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4.3 Feed directional valve

22 Pressure compensator (in- 23 Main spool (inside actuator

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4.4 Feed pressure regulating valve

20 Feed pressure regulating valve (34 Nm)

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4.5 Rotation control valve

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4.6 Rotation speed adjustment block

39 Feed pilot control circuit 40 Directional valve for pilot

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4.7 Threading valve block

57 Anti-jamming bypass valve 92 Threading selector valve

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4.8 Hydraulic oil warm-up valve

206 Directional valve