Social Issues

WHAT IS SOCIAL ISSUES?
Social Issue is an undesirable state which

opposes society or a certain part of society.
It refers to an unwanted situation that
frequently results in problems and
continues to harm society. Social issues
can cause a lot of problems that can be
beyond the control of just one
person. social issue, also called social
problem, a state of affairs that negatively
affects the personal or social lives of
individuals or the well-being
of communities or larger groups within a
society and about which there is usually
public disagreement as to its nature,
causes, or solution.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES
OF SOCIAL ISSUES?
India is a developing country with its roots
in its religious history and is also affected
by westernisation. The list of top 10 social
issues in India includes the following
problems that contemporary India is
facing:
 ILLITERACY
 POVERTY
 POOR SANITATION FACILITIES
 DICRIMINATION
 HUMAN RIGHTS
 OVERPOPULATION
 SAFETY OF WOMEN
 POOR INFRASTRUCTURE
 HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
 CORRUPTION
ILLITERACY:
According to the 2011 census, the literacy rate of

India is 74.04%. If a person whose age is 7 years or
more and is able to read and write, is considered a
literate person. The least literate state in India is
Bihar with a literacy rate of 63.82%. And Kerala is
the state with the highest literacy rate of 93.91%.The
Right to Education Act was passed in 2009.
According to which it was ensured that children in
the age group of 6 to 14 would be given free
education and necessary materials. Many initiatives
have been started by the government to increase the
level of education in India and many possible efforts
are also being made.The biggest reason for illiteracy
in India is that people do not get the right education
or people who have never gone to school. And have
been deprived of their right to education. Although
free primary education is given in government
schools, but many students are not able to take
advantage of education. The rule of free education
has been implemented in rural areas so that poor
families can educate their children.
POVERTY:
India is the second

most populous country after China, the population of
India is about 1.2 billion. and is the seventh largest
country in the world in terms of area (3,287,000 sq km).
This makes it one of the largest economies in the world,
with a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$ 1,644
billion. But even after having such a big economy, only a
few people have benefited from it, because many people
are still living in poverty in India.Talking about India,
more than 800 million people are poor in India, most of
them live in rural areas. And keep doing different tasks to
run the house. People living in rural areas migrate to the
metropolis due to lack of employment. In which most of
the people live the life of slums to live. And because of
not getting enough food, water, electricity in these areas,
and due to poor sanitation, they get many diseases,
especially children fall ill and die.
POOR SANITATION
FACILITIES:
Open defecationand communicable waterborne
disease are highly concerning in India. Water
relates to 21 percent of diseases in India. Around
99 million people have no access to safe water and
500 children in India each day cannot survive
through their fifth year on the earth due to
diarrheal disease.
DISCRIMINATION:
Indian society has long been heavily dominated by
the caste system and became corrupt because of the
nation's obsession with it. Originally, the caste
system was intended to create distinct groups within
our community in order to create social stratification
and a separation of occupations. However, over
time, this division took the form of a pyramidal
structure, with the highest caste being linked to
receiving the most respect. The rigid adherence to
traditions, customs, and certain beliefs like
superstitions or reincarnation and the deeds of
previous lives was what made this patriarchal system
toxic. All of this led to the treatment of Dalits and
other members of the untouchable caste with cruelty
and oppression.
HUMAN RIGHTS:
Human rights in India is an issue complicated by the
country's large size and population as well as its diverse
culture, despite its status as the world's
largest sovereign, secular, democratic republic.
The Constitution of India provides for fundamental rights,
which include freedom of religion. Clauses also provide
for freedom of speech, as well as separation of executive
and judiciary and freedom of movement within the
country and abroad. The country also has an independent
judiciary as well as bodies to look into issues of human
rights.The 2016 report of Human Rights Watch accepts
the above-mentioned facilities but goes to state that India
has "serious human rights concerns. Civil society groups
face harassment and government critics face intimidation
and lawsuits. Free speech has come under attack both
from the state and by interest groups. Muslim and
Christian minorities accuse authorities of not doing
enough to protect their rights. The government is yet to
repeal laws that grant public officials and security forces
impunity from prosecution for abuses.
OVERPOPULATION:
The effect of overpopulation is serious enough
on the environment, and on top of that,
overpopulation also affects the economy of a
country. India is the second most overpopulated
country after China, and the reputation is
deadly. The impact of overpopulation is huge on
the Indian economy. The pressure it puts on the
economy is getting worse over the years. With
time, if the population is not controlled, then
India will soon fall in its overall ranking. The
economy is every country’s strength, and India,
for one, should never succumb to challenges
like overpopulation.
SAFETY OF WOMEN:
Women are not safe either at home or

outside. Female travelers from other
countries also find themselves in a
precarious position when traveling to
India. There are laws, but there must be
adequate security measures that must be
strictly followed to protect against
violence against women. Domestic
violence, sexual assault and murder are
common forms of violence against
women in India. Dowry death is an
extreme form of murder. she is revered
by those who consider her goddess of the
surge in crimes against women through
Durga, Sati and
Sabitri. Poor
infrastructure:
India’s infrastructure
is simply not good enough to facilitate the
expansion of the manufacturing sector, or meet the
needs of a rapidly increasing middle class. The
business community has continuously cited poor
infrastructure as the biggest constraint towards
improving economic growth and corporate
performance. The current global glut in saving,
low interest rates, and expected high returns to
infrastructure investments—thanks to India’s
rising middle class and young population—
provide an unprecedented opportunity to scale up
infrastructure investments. The country’s
infrastructure investment, demographic dividend,
and rapid economic and job growth, all go
together, hand in hand.
There is a strong consensus amongst
macroeconomists that scaling up infrastructure
spending is the right response during an economic
downturn. Most developed countries have already
announced large fiscal stimulus packages that
have a major infrastructure component. US
President-elect Joe Biden has identified increased
infrastructure spending as a key priority, with an
emphasis on stimulating growth and combating
climate change.
High
unemployment:
At present, unemployment
is a huge problem not only
in India but also of the
whole world.
Unemployment in India
increases every year
because there are
thousands of millions of
people who do not have
any employment. One of
the major reasons for this is the increasing
population, because as the population is increasing,
the resources are decreasing due to which the
number of unemployed people is also increasing due
to the demand for jobs due to the increasing
population.
Causes of Unemployment
Population Growth: The biggest reason for
unemployment is population growth, according to
the 2011 census, 11% of the people in the country
were unemployed. It can be concluded from this
fact that as the population is increasing, the
employment opportunities with the people are also
decreasing.
Mechanization: At times, the reason for

unemployment is also mechanization because most
of the work is currently done by machines because
they make the work very easily and at low costs.
So, many people have become unemployed due to
machineization.
Faulty Education System: The standard of

education in any country is high so it has its
influence on the socio-economic and political of
the country. But if the education system is bad,
then many kinds of problems arise in the country,
including the problem of unemployment.
The standard of education in rural Areas of India is
also not so good. At the same time, only ordinary
and literary education is given in the education
system and there is a lack of experimental content.
Due to which the youth here are deprived of good
education, they are not able to get good
employment, which is why the problems of
unemployment are being created in India.
corruption:
Corruption in India is a very big problem that
affects the economy of India in many ways.
Today it is found everywhere. It is also believed
that India’s economy is stalling because of
corrupt people. Corruption has become a
common thing in a country like India. A study
conducted by Transparency International in
2005 revealed that more than 62% of Indians
were at one point or the other bribed
government officials to get jobs.Business class
people take more recourse to corruption to take
their advantage. Because big officials and
bureaucrats adopt corrupt methods to live a
happy life and earn money. To win elections,
politicians bribe poor people.There are various
explanations of the high level of corruption in
India such as the amount of employment
available in the market is less than the number

of youth working. And while young people who
are unemployed or working in positions that are
too low for their qualifications, many others
work far below their qualifications.
HOW CAN WE TACKLE
SOCIAL ISSUES?
Different social issues have different
solutions like poverty can be prevented
by increasing employment opportunities.
There is a need to reform the education
system in India. One of the main reasons
for the crimes is illiteracy. Due to
illiteracy the criminals are increasing
slowly and the health and development
of the country is gradually declining. The
main reason for child marriage is also
illiteracy. Education helps in spreading
awareness about the disadvantages of the
caste system of the people. The caste
system can be discouraged through social
education in rural areas. There should be
special classes on it in schools where
moral education should be imparted to
the children.

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WHAT IS SOCIAL ISSUES?

Social Issue is an undesirable state which

According to the 2011 census, the literacy rate of

India is the second

Women are not safe either at home or

Durga, Sati and

Mechanization: At times, the reason for

Faulty Education System: The standard of

available in the market is less than the number

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