Chenille Yarn

Chenille yarn
Introduction
 According to textile historians, chenille-type yarn is a recent invention, dating to the 18th century
and believed to have originated in France.
 The original technique involved weaving a "leno" fabric and then cutting the fabric into strips to
make the chenille yarn.
 Chenille became popularized for apparel with commercial production in the 1970s.
 Standards of industrial production were not introduced until the 1990s.
 From the 1970s each machine head made two chenille yarns straight onto bobbins.
 A machine could have over 100 spindles (50 heads).
Chenille Yarn
 In French, the word chenille means “cater pillar,” the worm-like insect that, after a period of time
in chrysalis becomes a butterfly. Most caterpillars are a few inches long and are covered in short
hairs that give them a fuzzy look. It is this particular look that provided the name for certain type
of fabric. Chenille yarn is quite thick, soft and fuzzy and lengths of it do look, in fact, like long
caterpillars.
Yarn Structure
• The chenille yarn is manufactured by placing short lengths of yarn, called the "pile", between
two "core yarns" and then twisting the yarn together.
 The edges of these piles then stand at right angles to the yarn’s core, giving chenille both its
softness and its characteristic look.
Chenille yarn Types:
Sparse chenille yarn
Airjet textured ‘chenille-type’ yarn
Feather chenille yarn
Curly chenille yarn
Tricot chenille yarn
Chenille spiral yarn
Chenille Types
• Chenille yarn can be made from many different types of fibers and yarns.
• Most common are cotton, viscose (rayon), acrylic, and polypropylene (olefin).
• Chenille yarn can be made in many different sizes, ranging from as heavy as 0.2 Nm to as fine
as 12.0 Nm.
Production Process
• Effect-core
• Flocking process
• Weaving process
Production Process
• Effect-core
Production Process
• yarns coming from the two guides at both sides form the core yarns .
• The one coming from the middle guide (rotating head) forms the piles.
• On each side of the cutting knife, there are two core yarns which may be either single or two-
fold yarns .
• The number of the pile yarns and how many of them are fed onto the core determines the count
of the yarn.
Production Process
• Flocking process
Production Process
• Weaving process
Factors Affecting Yarn Properties

• Core and effect yarn material.
• Yarn count of the core and pile yarn.
• Pile length, mm.
• Yarn twist, turns/meter.
• Contraction value ,%.
• Rotary head speed.
• Spindle speed, rpm.
• Winding speed, m/min.
• Pile density.
Principle of production of chenille yarn

Chenille yarns are constructed by twisting; core yarns together in chenille yarn machines, where cut pile
yarns are inserted at right angles to the core yarn surface to create a surface in which the fibers contained
in the pile yarns.
Figure
Nature of Chenille yarn
• Chenille yarn consists of short lengths of spun yarns or filaments that are held together by two ends of
highly twisted fine strong yarns. The short lengths are called pile and the highly twisted yarns are called
the core.
• This result in a yarn with velvet like or pile surface appearance.
• Abrasion is better.
Manufacturing process
• Chenille yarn is manufactured on a M/C that is designed to bring the pile yarns and core yarns together.
• During the manufacturing process the pile yarns are wrapped around a short stem of polished metal,
called caliper, through which a rotating blade passes to cut the pile yarns into short lengths. The core
yarns are forced onto short lengths by rotating wheel (grooved rollers).
• The resulting yarn is then fed onto a traditional ring twisting take up mechanism.
• In the twisting process, the short lengths are trapped between core yarns. Thus we get chenille yarn.
• The size of the caliper determines the diameter of the resulting yarn.
End uses
• Manufacture of furnishing fabrics.
• Fashion knitwear.
• Curtains.
• Decorative threads in many types.
Also end uses
Chenille yarns are kind of fancy yarns traditionally used in the manufacture of furnishing ( sofa cover,
upholstery, curtain, doormat, towel) fabrics and trimmings, fashion knitwear(sweater) and decorative
threads in many types of broad and narrow fabrics.

Chenille Yarn

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Chenille Yarn

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Chenille yarn

Sparse chenille yarn

Airjet textured ‘chenille-type’ yarn

Feather chenille yarn

Curly chenille yarn

Tricot chenille yarn

Chenille spiral yarn

Factors Affecting Yarn Properties

Principle of production of chenille yarn

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