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    Unit 1 Grammar

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    Aye Chan
    This document provides an overview of grammar and its key concepts. It defines grammar as how parts of words, words, and word groups are organized and changed to create meaning. Grammatical forms include parts of speech, structures, and affixes. The main parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, determiners, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, and exclamations. Grammatical functions use grammatical structures like subject-verb agreements and verb tenses. Grammatical use conveys meaning through structures such as the present continuous tense. The document emphasizes applying grammar concepts through communicative exercises rather than just learning rules.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Unit 1 Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Aye Chan
    19 views40 pages
    This document provides an overview of grammar and its key concepts. It defines grammar as how parts of words, words, and word groups are organized and changed to create meaning. Grammatical forms include parts of speech, structures, and affixes. The main parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, determiners, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, and exclamations. Grammatical functions use grammatical structures like subject-verb agreements and verb tenses. Grammatical use conveys meaning through structures such as the present continuous tense. The document emphasizes applying grammar concepts through communicative exercises rather than just learning rules.

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    Unit 1 Grammar

    Original Title

    Unit 1 Grammar PPT

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    This document provides an overview of grammar and its key concepts. It defines grammar as how parts of words, words, and word groups are organized and changed to create meaning. Grammatical forms include parts of speech, structures, and affixes. The main parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, determiners, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, and exclamations. Grammatical functions use grammatical structures like subject-verb agreements and verb tenses. Grammatical use conveys meaning through structures such as the present continuous tense. The document emphasizes applying grammar concepts through communicative exercises rather than just learning rules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views40 pages

    Unit 1 Grammar

    Uploaded by

    Aye Chan
    This document provides an overview of grammar and its key concepts. It defines grammar as how parts of words, words, and word groups are organized and changed to create meaning. Grammatical forms include parts of speech, structures, and affixes. The main parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, determiners, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, and exclamations. Grammatical functions use grammatical structures like subject-verb agreements and verb tenses. Grammatical use conveys meaning through structures such as the present continuous tense. The document emphasizes applying grammar concepts through communicative exercises rather than just learning rules.

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    of 40

    Module 1 Describing Language

    Unit 1 Grammar
    What is grammar?

    • Refers to how we combine, organize and change parts of words, words and
    group of words to make meaning

    • Used unconsciously when we speak, listen, read or write.

    • Used to describe language (particularly as teachers)

    • Includes a large number of forms and uses.


    What are grammatical forms?

    • Refer to how words are made up and presented in speech or writing.


    • The gerund = ‘infinitive + -ing’ (I like playing football)

    • The plural of regular nouns = ‘base word + -s’ ( I have many friends)
    Grammatical Forms

    • Parts of speech:

    • Grammatical structures

    • Words (with affixes)


    Parts of speech

    1. nouns
    2. verbs
    3. adjectives
    4. adverbs
    5. determiners
    6. prepositions
    7. pronouns
    8. conjunctions and
    9. exclamations
    Parts of speech or word class

    describes

    • how words behave in sentences

    • how they operate and combine grammatically with other words

    The tall girl ran very fast ( ) Tall ran very fast ( )
    well organized ( ) good organised ( )
    a car park ( )
    Parts of speech Functions

    The form of some parts of speech varies according to the function the
    parts of speech have in a sentence.

    The boy thought he would never grow old; he’s older


    than most of his friends.
    Parts of speech Functions

    children
    noun
    Function(s) of nouns
    • to name people, place, things, qualities, ideas, or activities
    • to act as the subject/object of the verb
    • countable, uncountable, proper, common, abstract, collective noun
    Parts of speech Functions (table on pg.9)
    Parts of speech Functions (table on pg.9)
    Parts of speech Functions (table on pg.9)
    E
    X
    C
    D L
    V E R B P A
    T R M
    A E A E A
    D R R P T
    J M N T O I
    E I O I S O
    C O N J U N C T I O N
    T E N L T
    I R E I
    V O
    A D V E R B P R O N O U N
    Grammatical Functions

    •Grammatical structure
    Past continuous/ progressive
    He was running.

    Subject + Past (be) + -ing form of verb


    Grammatical Functions (table on pg. – 10)
    Grammatical Functions

    Affixes with base words give grammatical information


    • boy / boys
    • work / worked
    • girl / girl’s
    Grammatical Functions

    • Prefixes + root word + Suffixes


    make new words / add a meaning / change part of speech
    • appear / disappear
    • friend / friendly
    • care / careful / carefully
    Grammatical Use

    refers to how grammatical structures are used to convey meaning

    She is doing her homework.

    • doing her homework at the moment


    • an arrangement for the future (used for firm and intentions)
    • temporary actions which she didn’t do before
    Grammatical Use (table on pg. – 11)
    Grammatical Use (table on pg. – 11)
    Grammatical Use (table on pg. – 11)
    Key concepts and language teaching classroom

    • Grammar rules describe the way that language work but they are not fixed.

    • Grammar rules traditionally describe written language rather than spoken


    language. (e.g. contractions)

    • Very often, speakers of a language can speak and write it well without
    consciously knowing any grammatical rules or terms.
    Key concepts and language teaching classroom

    • Make students aware of patterns and practice them.

    • Just learning grammar rules, terms and structures doesn’t teach learners
    how to communicate. Language teaching focuses on functions, language
    skills and communication.

    • It is important that exercises and activities focus on form, and use to give Ss
    practice of both. Leaners need to develop accuracy in both form and use.
    Follow-up activities - 1

    • Put these words into the correct category below. Some may belong more
    than one category.
    Follow-up activities – 1 KEY
    Follow-up activities - 2

    • Use prefixes and suffixes to make maps as in the example, from these
    words: decide, luck, able
    Follow-up activities – 2 KEY
    Follow-up activities - 3

    • Complete the table with an example, a term or a description of form.


    Follow-up activities – 3 KEY
    Follow-up activities - 4

    • Read through the text below and identify the uses of the grammatical forms
    underlined.
    Follow-up activities – 4 KEY
    Reflection

    • Think about these teachers’ comments. Which do you agree with and why?
    Reflection

    • Think about these teachers’ comments. Which do you agree with and why?
    References
    • TKT Glossary .pdf
    References
    • PPT

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