Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
199 views

Physics Practical

The document describes a physics investigatory project that examines how the self-inductance of a coil depends on various factors like the number of turns, coil area, and core material. It outlines the aim, apparatus, theory, circuit diagram, procedure, observations, results, and precautions of an experiment that measures the current and brightness of a bulb in a circuit with a coil at different frequencies both with and without an iron core. The results show that the current and brightness decrease when an iron core is inserted and increase at lower frequencies.

Uploaded by

Metro 6969
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
199 views

Physics Practical

The document describes a physics investigatory project that examines how the self-inductance of a coil depends on various factors like the number of turns, coil area, and core material. It outlines the aim, apparatus, theory, circuit diagram, procedure, observations, results, and precautions of an experiment that measures the current and brightness of a bulb in a circuit with a coil at different frequencies both with and without an iron core. The results show that the current and brightness decrease when an iron core is inserted and increase at lower frequencies.

Uploaded by

Metro 6969
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Sai International School

Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Physics Investigatory Project


Physics Project Topic:
The factors on which the self-inductance of coil depends

Name: Tushar Patnaik


Class: XII-H
Admin No: 3163
Index
Sl.No Contents
.
1 Index
2 Acknowledgement
3 Certificate
4 Introduction
5 Aim and apparatus
6 Theory
7 Circuit diagram and procedure
8 Observation and result
9 Precautions and sources of error
10 Bibliography
Acknowledgement
I present my Investigatory project in Physics on the topic

“The factors on which the self-inductance of a coil depends” with pride.

This project wouldn't have been feasible without the proper and rigorous guidance
of my Physics teacher HRP Sir who guided me throughout this project in every
possible Way An investigatory project involves various difficult lab experiments
which have to be carried out by the student to obtain the observations and
conclude the report on a meaningful note These experiments are very critical and
in the case of failure, may result in unfortunate consequences. Thereby. I would
like to thank both HRP Sir and Lab Asst. Mrutanjay Sir for providing me with this
opportunity and guiding me on a step by step basis and ensuring that I completed
all my experiments with ease.

Rigorous hard work has been put in the making of this project to ensure that it
proves to be the best I hope that this project will prove to be a specimen of innate
wisdom for the next generation of students and will guide them in every possible
way.

Certificate of Completion
This is to certify that Tushar Patnaik of class XII-H, SAI
International School has successfully completed the assigned
project under the guidance of HRP Sir. The project is up to
satisfaction and follows the guidelines issued by CBSE.

Signature of Signature of
Internal Examiner Examiner

Introduction
There are four basic factors of induction construction
determining the amount of inductance created there
factors all indicate inductance by affecting how much
magnetic field force (current through the inductors
wire coil).

The Factors Are:


 NUMBER OF WIRE WARPS
 COIL AREA
 COIL LENGTH
 CORE MATERIAL

AIM:-

To study the factor on which the self


inductance of a coil depends by observing
the effect of this coil, when put in series with
a resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C.
source of adjustable frequency.

APPARATUS:-

A coil of large turns, a.c. source of adjustable


frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) a.c.
ammeter of suitable range rheostat, a soft
iron rod, one way key, connecting wires etc.
THEORY:-
Self inductance is the property of a coil
which opposes the change in current
through it. The self inductance of a coil (long
solenoid) is

µ0 µ𝑟 𝑁2 𝐴
L= 𝑙

where µ𝑟 = Relative magnetic permeability


of magnetic material,
µ
µ𝑟 =
µ0
N = Total number of turns in solenoid

A = Area of cross-section of solenoid

l = length of solenoid.
Hence, the self inductance depends upon:

1. No. of turns (N) , L α N²


𝟏
2. Geometry of coil, L α A, L α
𝒍
3. Nature of core material, L α µ

When an inductor is connected in series with


a resistor (bulb) with a variable source of
frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is

𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐸𝑟𝑚𝑠
= 𝑍

Where Z = √𝑅2 + 𝜔2𝐿2 = Impedance of the a.c.


circuit. Here

R = Resistance of the bulb

L = Self inductance of coil

𝜔 = 2πf = Angular frequency of a.c. source.


The brightness of bulb i.e., Heat generated in
the bulb is

2
H= 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 Zt
𝐻
P= 2
𝑡 = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 Z

2
P = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 √𝑅2 + 𝜔2𝐿2

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
PROCEDURE:-
1. Make all connections as shown in
the circuit diagram.

2. Switch on the a.c. supply & adjust the


current in the circuit by using the variable
resistor ( 𝑅ℎ ).

3. Record the current in a.c. ammeter &


see the brightness of bulb.

4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the


conductor core & record the current in a.c.
ammeter & again check the brightness of
bulb. The current & brightness both
decreases.

5. Now, switch off the supply & decrease the


frequency of a.c. source (say 50 Hz).
6. Again switch on the supply & adjust the
current in circuit at same constant voltage
6V by using the rheostat. Note the current in
ammeter & brightness of bulb. The current &
brightness both will increase.

7. Again insert the iron rod in the core of coil


& note the current & brightness. The current
& brightness both decreases.

8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different


frequency of a.c. source.

OBSERVATIONS:-
1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A.

2. Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.

3. Range of ammeter = 0 – 5 A.
S.NO Frequency Current in Current in
of applied ammeter ammeter with
voltage without iron iron rod in
(Hz) rod in coil (A) coil (A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4

RESULT:-
1. The current in the circuit decrease on
inserting the iron rod in the core of coil at
constant frequency of applied voltage &
brightness of bulb decreases & vice-versa.
2. The current in the circuit increases on
decreasing the frequency of applied voltage
& vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of
bulb increases.

PRECAUTIONS:-
1. The coil should have large number of
turns.

2. Current should be passed for a small time


to avoid the heating effect.

SOURCES OF ERRORS:-
1. The resistance of circuit may increase
slightly due to heating effect of current.

2. There may be eddy current in soft


iron coil.
BIBLOGRAPHY:-
Wikipedia
Chat GPT
Reference books

You might also like