Eng G8 Q4 Module 5

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English
Quarter 4 – Module 5:
Composing Effective
Paragraphs
1
What I know
Directions: Answer the following questions below by choosing the best
answer from the choices given.
1. Complete the following statement: A well-written paragraph should_______
a. Focus on a single, coherent idea.
b. Consists of logically connected sentences.
c. Both a and b
2. How long should a paragraph be?
a. Every paragraph should be at least 5 sentences long
b. Good paragraphs must be at least one page long
c. It’s okay for paragraphs to vary in length
3. Complete the following sentence: Most paragraphs can function as _______
a. Miniature essays, each with a main topic and related sentences to
support it
b. Thesis statements, summarizing the key arguments in the body of paper
c. Both a and b
4. How can you strengthen connections between paragraphs in a paper?
a. Use transitional words or phrases at the beginning of the paragraph
b. Make sure the first sentence in the next paragraph is extremely long
and flowing
c. Use the phrase “Here’s the connection” to let the reader know that
concepts are related
5. Which choice shows examples of words and phrases that could signal a
cause-and-effect connection?
a. Indeed, very, in fact, extremely, but
b. Therefore, as a result, consequently
Above, behind, below, opposite to
Good job! Take a look at the Key Answer Page if you got it all right. 
If yes, you’re a pro!
And if no, let’s widen your understanding more about paragraphs.
Are you ready? Let’s go!
2
What’s In
When you discuss a topic, you subconsciously dig information about it from your
memories, from the books or articles that you read, from something that you watched or
simply from the conversations that you heard of or participated in.
This module will help you organize your ideas, thoughts and feelings effectively in
paragraphs which will help you build a structure that allows you to communicate better
and express complex ideas in much more effective way.
What’s New
EN8V-IVi-15: Use various strategies in decoding the meaning of words.
An effective writer is known to have a wide vocabulary. Let’s test your vocabulary
skills by answering the task below.
Activity: Unlock and Connect

Directions: Study the given sentences below. Unlock the meaning of the
underlined word by the use of a clue word within the sentence. Identify
whether they are synonyms or antonyms.
Follow the given example below.

This situation is a conundrum, a puzzle that's difficult to solve.
Answer: conundrum=puzzle - synonyms
Note: Synonyms are words which have similar meaning.

Antonyms are words which have opposite meaning.
1. Marty is gregarious, unlike his brother who is quiet and shy.
Gregarious= ____________ -
2. The crime he committed was egregious; he'll never recover from this horrendous
scandal.
Egregious= ___________ -
3. His animosity, or hatred, of his sister divided the family.
Animosity= ____________ -
4. Our sweltering summer days were quickly replaced by the cold flashes of fall.
Sweltering= __________ -
5. Bill felt remorse, or shame, for his harsh words.
Remorse= _____________ -
3
What is It
Take time reading the information below.
How to write effective paragraphs

How can we say that a paragraph is good
Let’s begin this journey by defining and understanding more about

paragraphs.
Paragraph is much more than a collection of connected sentences. It is a
building block of essay development. In fact, a useful way to think about a
paragraph is as a “mini-essay” or an essay within an essay, with its own topic
sentence, supporting details and the end or conclusion.
In an essay, there are four types of paragraphs- introductory, body,
transitional and concluding. Each serves a slightly different function in the
paper. In the simplest terms, introductory paragraphs introduce your topic, the
body paragraphs develop it, transitional paragraphs move your readers from one
aspect of it to another, and concluding paragraphs sum up the development of the
topic. The four types of paragraphs support the topic in different ways.
The structure of a paragraph is not complex. There are usually three
basic elements: (1) a topic, (2) a topic sentence, and (3) supporting
details. The topic sentence states the main, or controlling, idea. The sentences
that explain this main point are called supporting details. These details may
be facts, reasons, or examples that provide further information about the topic
sentence.
Below is a sample paragraph with identified topic sentence and supporting details
to help you understand the lesson more:
How Can Parents Encourage Their Children?

Parents can help their children be successful in school by encouraging them.
There are many simple ways on how parents can encourage their children. They
can remind them to do their homework. Parents can also encourage them by
buying them books and tapes to help them learn. Lastly, parents can encourage
them by rewarding them. Always remember that the success of students lies on
the parents’ support and active involvement in their child’s learning.
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Topic: How can parents encourage their children?
Topic Sentence: Parents can help their children be successful in school by
encouraging them.
Supporting Details: 1. Parents can encourage their children by reminding them
to do their homework.
2. Parents can encourage their children by buying them
books and tapes to help them learn.
3. Parents can encourage their children by rewarding them.
Writing Effective Paragraphs

In general, in order for a paragraph to be effective, it must have three
characteristics:
 Unity- which means all sentences in the paragraph explain, develop and
support the central idea.
 Development- effective paragraphs are not only unified, but are fully
developed as well, which means that they don’t leave any significant question in
the reader’s mind.
 Coherence- which means paragraphs are arranged according to a definite
plan, and as a result, all the sentences “stick together” and lead readers smoothly
from the topic sentence to the concluding one.
What I Have Learned

Activity: Trusty or Faulty
Directions: Put a check ( ) on the appropriate column that is true about
composing effective paragraphs.
Statement Trusty Faulty

1. Paragraphs are made of sentences that talk about various
subjects.
2. Topic sentence expresses the main point or idea of a
paragraph.
3. An effective paragraph has a topic sentence and supporting
details about the main point.
5
4. Supporting sentences are NOT used to focus on the main
idea in a paragraph.
5. A useful way of developing a paragraph is to give an
example.
6. A good paragraph consists of topic sentence and
supporting details which describe or explain the topic.
7. The writer should always see to it that the paragraph has
coherence only to be effective.
8. Everyone can become an effective writer if the use of
impressive and challenging words is observed.
What I Can Do
EN8SS-IVh-1.6.4: Use writing conventions in composing paragraphs.
Activity: Tell Me More
Directions: Create outlines about the following topics.
a. Family
b. Dream destination
Topic: ______________________________________________________
Topic Sentence: ______________________________________________________
(main point)
Supporting Details: 1. ____________________________________________________
(Define or describe the topic.)
2.____________________________________________________
(Give another important detail about the topic.)
Topic: ______________________________________________________
Topic Sentence: ______________________________________________________
(main point)
Supporting Details: 1. ____________________________________________________
(Define or describe the topic.)
2.____________________________________________________
(Give another important detail about the topic.)
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Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer using a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following sums up the development of the topic?
A. introductory B. concluding paragraph C. body D. transitional
2. What do you call the sentences that explain the main point?
A. introductory B. concluding sentence C. topic D. supporting details
3. To develop a paragraph, the following can be used EXCEPT?
A. add examples B. add more subjects C. cause-effect
D. compare and contrast
4. What is the reason for beginning a new paragraph?
A. To show you’re switching to a new idea
B. To make the paragraph more interesting
C. To discuss the concluding sentence of the paragraph
D. To make the paragraph longer
5. The following are the benefits of knowing how to write effective paragraphs
EXCEPT:
A. Improve verbal and written skills
B. Communicate with clarity
C. Increase confidence in writing
D. all of the above
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Answer Key
(1) What I (2) What’s New (3) What I Have Learned

Know
1. 1. Gregarious=quiet/shy- 1. Faulty
1. B. synonyms 2. Trusty
2. C. 2. 2. Egregious=horrendous- 3. Trusty
3. A. synonyms 4. Faulty
4. A. 3. 3. Animosity=hatred- synonyms 5. Trusty
5. B. 4. 4. Sweltering=cold- antonyms 6. Trusty
5. 5. Remorse=shame- synonyms 7. Faulty
8. Faulty
(4) What I Can Do

Answers vary
(5) Assessment
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. D
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Are you ready? Let’s go!

Activity: Unlock and Connect

Follow the given example below.

Note: Synonyms are words which have similar meaning.

How to write effective paragraphs

Let’s begin this journey by defining and understanding more about

How Can Parents Encourage Their Children?

Writing Effective Paragraphs

What I Have Learned

Statement Trusty Faulty

(1) What I (2) What’s New (3) What I Have Learned

(4) What I Can Do

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