Arya Test 2
Arya Test 2
Arya Test 2
HL Score
Practice Exam: Paper 2
Topic 5: Energetics /51
SL
The equation for the reaction between hydrazine and oxygen is given below.
Use the bond enthalpy values from Table 11 of the Data Booklet to determine the enthalpy change for this
reaction.
(Total 3 marks)
2. In some countries, ethanol is mixed with gasoline (petrol) to produce a fuel for cars called gasohol.
(i) Use the information from Table 11 of the Data Booklet to determine the standard enthalpy change for
the complete combustion of ethanol.
(3)
1
(ii) The standard enthalpy change for the complete combustion of octane, C 8H18, is
–5471 kJ mol–1. Calculate the amount of energy produced in kJ when 1 g of ethanol and 1 g of octane
is burned completely in air.
(2)
2
HL
1. Some words used in chemistry can have a specific meaning which is different to their meaning in everyday
English. State what the term spontaneous means when used in a chemistry context.
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(Total 1 mark)
(i) Outline why the value for the standard enthalpy change of formation of hydrogen is zero.
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(1)
(ii) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the hydrogenation of propene.
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(2)
(iii) Calculate the standard entropy change for the hydrogenation of propene.
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(2)
(iv) Determine the value of ∆GO for the hydrogenation of propene at 298 K.
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(2)
3
(cont.)
(v) At 298 K the hydrogenation of propene is a spontaneous process. Determine the temperature above
which propane will spontaneously decompose into propene and hydrogen.
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(2)
(Total 9 marks)
3. The lattice enthalpy of magnesium chloride can be calculated from the Born-Haber cycle shown below.
(ii) Use the ionization energies given in the cycle above and further data from the Data Booklet
to calculate a value for the lattice enthalpy of magnesium chloride.
(4)
4
(cont.)
(iii) The theoretically calculated value for the lattice enthalpy of magnesium chloride is +2326 kJ.
Explain the difference between the theoretically calculated value and the experimental value.
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(2)
(iv) The experimental lattice enthalpy of magnesium oxide is given in Table 18 of the Data
Booklet. Explain why magnesium oxide has a higher lattice enthalpy than magnesium chloride.
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(2)
(Total 10 marks)
(i) Using the average bond enthalpy values in Table 11 of the Data Booklet, calculate the standard
enthalpy change for this reaction.
(4)
(ii) The absolute entropy values, S, at 238 K for N2(g), H2(g) and NH3(g) are 192, 131 and 193 J K–1 mol–1
respectively. Calculate ∆Sο for the reaction and explain the sign of ∆Sο.
(2)
5
(cont.)
(iii) Calculate ∆Gο for the reaction at 238 K. State and explain whether the reaction is spontaneous.
(3)
(iv) If ammonia was produced as a liquid and not as a gas, state and explain the effect this would have
on the value of ∆Hο for the reaction.
(2)
(Total 12 marks)
5. (i) The standard enthalpy change of three combustion reactions is given below in kJ.
Based on the above information, calculate the standard change in enthalpy, ∆HO, for the following
reaction.
(ii) Predict, stating a reason, whether the sign of ∆SO for the above reaction would be positive or negative.
(2)
(iii) Discuss why the above reaction is non-spontaneous at low temperature but becomes spontaneous
at high temperatures.
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(2)
6
(iv) Using bond enthalpy values, calculate ∆HO for the following reaction.
(v) Suggest with a reason, why the values obtained in parts (i) and (iv) are different.
(1)
(Total 12 marks)