Designation: A 705/A 705M – 95 (Reapproved 2004)

Standard Specification for

Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 705/A 705M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope SAE J 1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals

1.1 This specification2 covers age-hardening stainless steel and Alloys (UNS)
forgings for general use.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within 3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; there- specification. Such requirements may include but are not
fore, each system must be used independent of the other. limited to the following:
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon- 3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
formance with the specification. 3.1.2 Name of material (age-hardening stainless steel forg-
1.3 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the ings),
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 3.1.3 Dimensions, including prints or sketches,
3.1.4 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),
NOTE 1—Bar products are covered by Specification A 564/A 564M. 3.1.5 Heat-treated condition (Section 5),
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.6 Transverse properties when required (7.4),
3.1.7 ASTM designation and date of issue, and
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3 3.1.8 Special requirements (5.3, 5.4).
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 3.2 If possible, the intended end use of the item should be
of Steel Products given on the purchase order, especially when the item is
A 484/A 484M Specification for General Requirements for ordered for a specific end use or uses.
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold- NOTE 2—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5 age-hardening
Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes stainless steel forgings, Type 630, solution-annealed, ASTM Specification
A 705 dated __ . End use: pump blocks for oil well equipment.
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products 4. General Requirements
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
2.2 Other Documents: 4
requirements of the current edition of Specification A 484/
A 484M shall apply. Failure to comply with the general
requirements of Specification A 484/A 484M, constitutes non-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, conformance with this specification.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally
5. Materials and Manufacture
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A 705/A 705M – 95 5.1 Material for forgings shall consist of billets or bars,
(2000). either forged, rolled or cast, or a section cut from an ingot. The
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-705/SA-705M in Section II of that Code. cuts shall be made to the required length by a suitable process.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or This material may be specified to Specification A 564/A 564M.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 5.2 The material shall be forged by hammering, pressing,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
rolling, extruding, or upsetting to produce a wrought structure
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth throughout and shall be brought as nearly as possible to the
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. finished shape and size by hot working.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
Composition, %
UNS Type Carbon Manganese Phospho- Sul- Sili- Chromium Nickel Alumi- Molyb- Tita- Copper Other
DesignationB rus fur con num denum nium Elements
C
S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.00–17.50 3.00–5.00 ... ... ... 3.00–5.00
S17700 631 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–18.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 ... ... ... ...
S15700 632 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 2.00–3.00 ... ... ...
D
S35500 634 0.10–0.15 0.50–1.25 0.040 0.030 0.50 15.00–16.00 4.00–5.00 ... 2.50–3.25 ... ...
S17600 635 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–17.50 6.00–7.50 0.40 ... 0.40–1.20 ... ...
C
S15500 XM-12 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–15.50 3.50–5.50 ... ... ... 2.50–4.50
E
S13800 XM-13 0.05 0.20 0.010 0.008 0.10 12.25–13.25 7.50–8.50 0.90–1.35 2.00–2.50 ... ...
F
S45500 XM-16 0.03 0.50 0.015 0.015 0.50 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 ... 0.50 0.90–1.40 1.50–2.50
F
S45503 ... 0.010 0.50 0.010 0.010 0.20 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 ... 0.50 1.00–1.35 1.50–2.50
G
S45000 XM-25 0.05 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 5.00–7.00 ... 0.50–1.00 ... 1.25–1.75
A
Limits are in percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAEJ1086, Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and alloys (UNS).
C
Columbium plus tantalum 0.15–0.45.
D
Nitrogen 0.07–0.13.
E
Nitrogen 0.01.
F
Columbium plus tantalum 0.10–0.50.
G
Columbium 8 times carbon minimum.

5.3 When specified on the order, sample forging may be shape of the rough forging before machining, or before heat
sectioned and etched to show flow lines and the condition in treating for mechanical properties.
regard to internal imperfections. When so specified, the ques- 5.5 The grain size shall be as fine as practicable and
tion of acceptable and unacceptable metal flow shall be subject precautions shall be taken to minimize grain growth.
to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser prior 5.6 Material of types other than XM-9 shall be furnished in
to order entry. the solution-annealed condition, or in the equalized and over-
5.4 When specified on the order, the manufacturer shall tempered condition, as noted in Table 2, unless otherwise
submit for approval of the purchaser a sketch showing the specified by the purchaser.

TABLE 2 Solution Heat Treatment

Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution Treated ConditionA
Condi- Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min Elongation Reduction HardnessB
Type Solution Treatment in 2 in. [50
tion of Area, Rockwell C, Brinell,
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] mm] or 4D,
minute % max max
min. %
630 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (cool ... ... ... ... ... ... 38 363
as required to below 90°F [32°C])
631 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (water ... ... ... ... ... ... Rb89 229
quench)
632 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (water ... ... ... ... ... ... Rb100 269C
quench)
634D A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 363D
quench, hold not less than 3 h at
minus 100°F or lower
635 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (air 120 [825] 75 [515] 10 45 32 302
cool)
XM-12 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (cool ... ... ... ... ... ... 38 363
as required to below 90°F [32°C])
XM-13 A 1700 6 25°F [925 6 15°C] (cool as ... ... ... ... ... ... 38 363
required to below 60°F [16°C])
XM-16 A 1525 6 25°F [830 6 15°C] (cool ... ... ... ... ... ... 36 331
rapidly)
S45503 A 1525 6 25°F [830 6 15°C] (cool ... ... ... ... ... ... 36 331
rapidly)
XM-25 A 1900 6 25°F [1040 6 15°C] (cool 125E [860] 95 [655] 10 40 33 311
rapidly)
A
See 6.1.
B
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes of 1⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
C
321 BHN for rounds cold drawn after solution treating.
D
Equalization and over-tempering treatment 1425 6 50°F [775 6 30°C] for not less than 3 h, cool to room temperature, heat to 1075 6 25°F [580 6 15°C] for not less
than 3 h.
E
125 − 165 ksi [860 − 1140 MPa] for sizes up to 1⁄2 in. [13 mm].

2
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)
5.6.1 Types 630, XM-16, and XM-25 may be furnished in 8. Prolongations for Tests
the solution-annealed or age-hardened condition.
8.1 Subject to Section 7, the forgings shall be produced with
6. Chemical Composition prolongations for testing, unless otherwise specified. The
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical composition producer may elect to submit an extra forging to represent each
limits specified in Table 1. test lot instead of prolongations, or the test specimens can be
6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis taken from the forgings themselves.
required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751. 9. Number of Tests
7. Mechanical Properties 9.1 For all classes of forgings weighing from 5000 to 7000
7.1 The material, as represented by mechanical test speci- lb [2300 to 3200 kg] each, at least one tension test shall be
mens, shall conform to the mechanical property requirements made from each forging.
specified in Table 2 and shall be capable of developing the 9.2 For all classes of forgings weighing more than 7000 lb
properties in Table 3 when heat treated as specified in Table 3. [3200 kg] each, one tension test shall be made from each end
7.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset of each forging. In the case of ring forgings, the tension test
method as described in the current edition of Test Methods and specimen shall be removed from each of two locations on the
Definitions A 370. The limiting permanent offset shall be 0.2 % periphery, approximately 180° apart, or insofar as practicable,
of the gage length of the specimen. from opposite ends of the forging.
7.3 The impact strength shall be determined at 70 to 80°F 9.3 For forgings weighing less than 5000 lb [2300 kg] each,
[20 to 25°C], by Charpy V-notch specimen Type A as described one tension test shall be made from each size classification for
in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. each heat in each heat-treating charge. Where continuous
7.4 Material tensile tested and, when specified, impact heat-treating furnaces are used, tests shall be made on 10 % of
tested in the transverse direction (perpendicular to the forging the forgings of each size classification from each heat subjected
flow lines) and meeting the requirements shown in Table 3 to the same heat-treatment practice.
need not be tested in the longitudinal direction.
7.5 Samples cut from forging shall conform to the mechani-
10. Keywords
cal properties of Table 3 when heat treated as specified in
Tables 2 and 3 and tested in accordance with Test Methods and 10.1 age-hardening stainless steel; precipitation hardening
Definitions A 370. stainless steel; stainless steel forgings

3
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)
TABLE 3 Mechanical Test Requirements After Age Hardening Heat TreatmentA

Tensile Yield Elon- Impact

Suggested Hardening or Aging
Applicable Strength, Strength, gation Reduc- HardnessG Charpy-V,
Treatment, or bothBCD
Condi- Thickness, min minF in 2 in. tion of min
Type
tion Tem- in. and Test [50 mm] area, Rock-
Time, DirectionE Brinell,
perature, Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] or 4D, min, % well C, ft·lbf J
h min. % min
°F [°C] min
630 H900 900 [480] 1.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl [75 190 [1310] 170 [1170] 10 40 40 388 ... ...
mm] (L)

Over 3 in. [75 mm] 35

to 8 in. incl [200
mm] (L)

H925 925 [495] 4.0 air cool Up to 3 min. incl 170 [1170] 155 [1070] 10 44 38 375 5 6.8
[75 mm] (L)

Over 3 in. [75 mm] 38

to 8 in. incl [200
mm] (L)

H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool 155 [1070] 145 [1000] 12 45 35 331 15 20

H1075 1075 [580] 4.0 air cool 145 [1000] 125 [860] 13 45 32 311 20 27

H1100 1100 [595] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200 140 [965] 115 [795] 14 45 31 302 25 34
mm] (L)

H1150 1150 [620] 4.0 air cool 135 [930] 105 [725] 16 50 28 277 30 41

H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus 115 [795] 75 [520] 18 55 24 255 55 75
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool.
631 RH950 1750°F [955°C] for not less than Up to 4 in. incl.
10 min, but not more than 1 h, [100 mm] (L)
cool rapidly to room temperature.
Cool within 24 h to minus 100 6
185 [1280] 150 [1030] 6 10 41 388 ... ...
10°F [75°C], hold not less than 8
h. Warm in air to room
temperature. Heat to 950°F
[510°C], hold 1 h, air cool.

TH1050 Alternative treatment: 1400°F Up to 6 in. incl [150

[760°C] hold 90 min, cool to 55 mm] (L)
6 5°F [15 6 3°C] within 1 h.
170 [1170] 140 [965] 6 25 38 352 ... ...
Hold not less than 30 min, heat
to 1050°F [565°C] hold for 90
min, air cool.
632 RH950 Up to 4 in. incl [100
mm] (L) 200 [1380] 175 [1210] 7 25 ... 415 ... ...
Same as Type 631
TH1050 Up to 6 in. incl [150
180 [1240] 160 [1100] 8 25 ... 375 ... ...
mm] (L)
H
634 H1000 1750 [955] for not less than 10
min, but not more than 1 h.
Water quench. Cool to not higher
than minus 100°F [75°C]. Hold 170 [1170] 155 [1070] 12 25 37 341 ... ...
for not less than 3 h. Temper at
1000°F [540°C], holding for not
less than 3 h.
635 H950 950 (510) 0.5 air cool 190 [1310] 170 [1170] 8 25 39 363 ... ...

H1000 1000 [540] 0.5 air cool 180 [1240] 160 [1100] 8 30 37 352 ... ...

H1050 1050 [565] 0.5 air cool 170 [1170] 150 [1035] 10 40 35 331 ... ...
XM-12 H900 900 [480] 1.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm]I (L) 10 35
190 [1310] 170 [1170] 40 388 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm]I(T) 6 15
H925 925 [495] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm]I (L) 10 38 5 6.8
170 [1170] 155 [1070] 38 375
Up to 12 in. incl 7 20
[300 mm]I(T) ... ...

4
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)

TABLE 3 Continued
Tensile Yield Elon- Impact
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Applicable Strength, Strength, gation Reduc- HardnessG Charpy-V,
Treatment, or bothBCD
Condi- Thickness, min minF in 2 in. tion of min
Type
tion Tem- in. and Test [50 mm] area, Rock-
Time, DirectionE Brinell,
perature, Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] or 4D, min, % well C, ft·lbf J
h min. % min
°F [°C] min

H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm]I (L) 12 45 15 20
155 [1070] 145 [1000] 35 331
Up to 12 in. incl 27 10 14
[300 mm]I(T) 8

H1075 1075 [580] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm]I (L) 13 45 20 27
145 [1000] 125 [860] 32 311
Up to 12 in. incl 9 28 15 20
[300 mm]I(T)

H1100 1100 [595] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm]I (L) 14 45 25 34
140 [965] 115 [795] 31 302
Up to 12 in. incl 10 29 15 20
[300 mm]I(T)

H1150 1150 [620] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm]I (L) 16 50 30 41
135 [930] 105 [725] 28 277
Up to 12 in. incl 11 30 20 27
[300 mm]I(T)

H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus Up to 12 in. incl

1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool [300 mm]I (L) 18 55 55 75
115 [795] 75 [515] 24 255
Up to 12 in. incl 14 35 35 47
[300 mm]I(T)
XM-13 H950 950 [510] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm]I(L) 45
220 [1520] 205 [1420] 10 45 430 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 35
[300 mm]I(T)

H1000 1000 [540] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm]I (L) 10 50
205 [1420] 190 [1310] 43 400 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 10 40
[300 mm]I (T)

H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm] (L) 50
185 [1280] 175 [1210] 11 41 380 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 45
[300 mm] (T)

H1050 1050 [565] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm] (L) 50
175 [1210] 165 [1140] 12 40 372 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 45
[300 mm] (T)

H1100 1100 [595] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm] (L) 50
150 [1030] 135 [930] 14 34 313 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 50
[300 mm] (T)

H1150 1150 [620] 4.0 air cool Up to 12 in. incl

[300 mm] (L) 50
135 [930] 90 [620] 14 30 283 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 50
[300 mm] (T)
H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus Up to 12 in. incl
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool [300 mm] (L) 55
125 [860] 85 [585] 16 26 259 ... ...
Up to 12 in. incl 55
[300 mm] (T)
XM-16I H900 900 [480] 4.0 air cool 235 [1620] 220 [1520] 8 30 47 444 ... ...

Up to 6 in. incl
H950 950 [510] 4.0 air cool 220 [1520] 205 [1410] 10 40 44 415 ... ...
[150 mm] (L)

5
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)

TABLE 3 Continued
Tensile Yield Elon- Impact
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Applicable Strength, Strength, gation Reduc- HardnessG Charpy-V,
Treatment, or bothBCD
Condi- Thickness, min minF in 2 in. tion of min
Type
tion Tem- in. and Test [50 mm] area, Rock-
Time, DirectionE Brinell,
perature, Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] or 4D, min, % well C, ft·lbf J
h min. % min
°F [°C] min

H1000 1000 [540] 4.0 air cool 205 [1410] 185 [1280] 10 40 40 363 ... ...
S45503J H900 900 [480] 4.0 air cool Up to 6 in. incl [150
mm] (L) 8 30
235 [1620] 220 [1520] 47 444 ... ...
Up to 6 in. incl [150 4 15
mm]K (T)

H950 950 [510] 4.0 air cool Up to 6 in. incl [150

mm] (L) 10 40
220 [1520] 205 [1410] 44 415 ... ...
Up to 6 in. incl [150 5 20
mm]K(T)

H1000 1000 [540] 4.0 air cool Up to 6 in. incl [150

mm] (L) 10 40
205 [1410] 185 [1280] 40 363 ... ...
Up to 6 in. incl [150 6 25
mm] (T)
XM-25J H900 900 [480] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200
mm] 10 40
Up to 12 in. incl
180 [1240] 170 [1170] 10 40 39 363 ... ...
300 mmK(L)
Up to 12 in. incl 6 20
[300 mm]K(T)

H950 950 [510] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200

mm] 10 40
Up to 12 in incl
170 [1170] 160 [1100] 10 40 37 341 ... ...
[300 mm]K(L)
Up to 12 in. incl 7 22
[300 mm]K(T)
XM-25J H1000 1000 [540] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200
mm] 12 45
Up to 12 in. incl
160 [1100] 150 [1030] 12 45 36 331 ... ...
[300 mm]K (L)
Up to 12 in. incl 6 27
[300 mm]K (T)

H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200 150 [1030] 140 [965] 12 45 34 321 ... ...
mm]

H1050 1050 [565] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200

mm] 12 45
Up to 12 in. incl
145 [1000] 135 [930] 12 45 34 321 ... ...
[300 mm]K (L)
Up to 12 in. incl
[300 mm]K (T) 9 30

H1100 1100 [595] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200

mm] 16 50
Up to 12 in. incl
130 [895] 105 [725] 16 50 30 285 ... ...
[300 mm]K (L)
Up to 12 in. incl 11 30
[300 mm]K (T)

6
 A 705/A 705M – 95 (2004)

TABLE 3 Continued
Tensile Yield Elon- Impact
Suggested Hardening or Aging
Applicable Strength, Strength, gation Reduc- HardnessG Charpy-V,
Treatment, or bothBCD
Condi- Thickness, min minF in 2 in. tion of min
Type
tion Tem- in. and Test [50 mm] area, Rock-
Time, DirectionE Brinell,
perature, Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] or 4D, min, % well C, ft·lbf J
h min. % min
°F [°C] min
H1150 1150 [620] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl [200
mm] 15 50
Up to 12 in. incl
125 [860] 75 [515] 18 55 26 262 ... ...
[300 mm]K (L)
Up to 12 in. incl 12 35
[300 mm]K (T)
A
See 6.1.
B
Time refers to minimum time material is at temperature and may be extended to obtain required ductility properties.
C
Unless otherwise noted, temperatures shown are suggested temperatures and may be varied to obtain required tensile properties.
D
Intermediate temperatures must meet the ductility requirements of the next highest suggested hardening or aging temperature, or both.
Example: Type 630 at 1050°F [565°C] must have 13 % elongation and 45 % reduction, same as for age hardening at 1075°F [580°C].
E
(L) - Longitudinal axis of specimen parallel to direction of grain flow during rolling or forging. (T) - Transverse axis of specimen perpendicular to direction of grain flow
during rolling or forging.
F
See 6.2.
G
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes 1⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
H
Refer to Table 2 for details on equalize and over temper heat treatment.
I
Applies to consumable electrode vacuum remelted.
J
Only tensile strength applicable to sizes up to 1⁄2 in. (13 mm).
K
Consumable electrode remelted only.

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