S - G 2021 Math Adv Trials

2021 TRIAL PAPER
HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
Mathematics Advanced
Examiner: Sami El Hosri
General Instructions
● Reading Time – 10 minutes

● Working Time – 3 hours
● Write using black pen
● Calculators approved by NESA may be used
● A separate reference sheet is provided at the back of this paper.
● All necessary working should be shown in Questions 11 – 31.
Total marks – 100

Section I: Multiple Choice
Questions 1 – 10 10 marks
● Attempt all questions
● Allow about 15 minutes for this section.
Section II: Extended Response

Questions 11 – 31 90 marks
● Attempt all questions
● Allow about 2 hours 45 minutes for this section.
© S & G Publishing and Coaching Academy

Section I
Questions 1 – 10 (10 marks)
Read each question and choose an answer A, B, C or D.

Allow about 15 minutes for this section.
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1-10.
1
1. What is the domain of 𝑦 = ?
𝑥+1
A) 𝑥 > −1
B) 𝑥 < 1
C) 𝑥≥ − 1
D) 𝑥≥ − 1
2. The function f (x) = 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 is to be dilated horizontally by a factor of 3 and then

translated horizontally 3 units to the left.
What is the equation of the transformed function 𝑔(𝑥) ?
2
A) 𝑔(𝑥) = 3
ln 𝑙𝑛 (𝑥 − 3)
B) 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 ln 𝑙𝑛 ( 𝑥− 3
3 )
1
C) 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 ln 𝑙𝑛 3
(𝑥 + 3)
D) 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 ln 𝑙𝑛 ( 3𝑥 + 3)
3. Which interval of the following gives the range of the function 𝑓( 𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 ?
A) [ − 2 , 18 ]
B) [− 8 , 18 ]
C) [ − 8 , 8 ]
D) [ 2 , 18 ]
© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 1

4. Find ∫ ( π + cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 .
2
π 1
A) 2
+ 2
sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥 + 𝑐
1
B) π 𝑥 + 2
2𝑥 + 𝑐
2
π
C) 2
+ sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥 + 𝑐
D) π 𝑥 + 2 sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥 + 𝑐
2
5. The parabola 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 has a minimum at (− 2, − 4).
What are the values of 𝑚 and 𝑛?
A) 𝑚 = − 4 and 𝑛 = 0
B) 𝑚 = 4 and 𝑛 = 8
C) 𝑚 = − 4 and 𝑛 =− 24
D) 𝑚 = − 4 and 𝑛 = 8
6. The marks of a group of students in an English test are normally distributed

with a mean of 65 and a standard deviation of 5.
The z score of Layla’s mark is – 0.6 and the z score of Jacky’s mark is 1.4.
How many more marks than Layla does Jacky score?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 10
D) 7
7. The diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), which is made of a quarter of a circle and
two line segments.

9
Which of the following is the value of ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥?
0
A) π − 2
B) 4π + 14
C) 4π − 2
D) π + 14
8. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is shown.
Which of the following inequalities is correct?
A) 0 > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1)
B) 0 > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓 (1)
C) 𝑓 (1) > 0 > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1)
D) 𝑓 (1) > 0 > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓(1)

9. The graph shows 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) in the domain 0≤𝑥≤4.
𝑛
Let 𝑔(𝑥) = [𝑓(𝑥)] , where 𝑛 is a positive integer.
How many points on the graph of 𝑔(𝑥) will have horizontal tangents in
the domain 0≤𝑥≤4?
A) 6
B) 5
C) 3
D) 2

10. Green Airline and Yellow Airline fly regularly from city A to city B.
Their flight times are normally distributed.
The table below summarises the mean and the standard deviation of the flights of
both airlines.
Flight mean Flight Standard deviation
Green Airline 42 minutes S minutes
Yellow Airline 50 minutes S minutes
Given that the probability of a flight time of more than 48 minutes with Green Airline is
0.123, what is the probability that the flight time with Yellow Airline is between 44 and
56 minutes?
A) 0.754
B) 0.877
C) 0.246
D) 0.123

ADVANCED MATHEMATICS
Section II Answer Booklet 1
Section II
90 marks
Attempt Questions 11 – 31
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section.
Booklet 1 - Attempt Questions 11 – 20 (32 marks)
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Sufficient spaces are provided for typical
responses.
● Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.
● Extra writing space for Booklet 1 of section II is provided on pages 14 and 15.
Extra writing space for Booklet 2 of section II is provided on pages 33 – 35.
If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.

Question 11 ( 4 marks)
John has $100. He starts to save $25 each week to buy a new racing bike.
His savings can be modelled by 𝑆 = 100 + 25𝑡, where 𝑆 is the dollars saved and 𝑡 is the
time in weeks from when he started saving the money.
a) On the grid below, draw the graph of this model and label it as John’s savings. 1
b) Jacob, John’s brother, wanted to start saving 8 weeks after John began saving. 2
He initially had no money but saves $40 each week.
By drawing a line on the grid above, or otherwise, find the value of 𝑡 when the two
brothers have the same money.
c) Using the graph, or otherwise, find the value of 𝑡 when Jacob’s savings is $300 more 1
than John’s savings.
Question 12 (3 marks)

Calculate the sum of the arithmetic series 6 + 14 + 22 + … + 958. 3
π
6
Evaluate ∫ cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 . 2

0

Basketball and tennis are two sports students may choose to play.
For a group of 44 students, the following is known.
▪ 8 students play both.

▪ 20 students play tennis.
▪ 6 play neither.
a) A student is chosen at random. By using a Venn diagram or otherwise, find the 2

probability that a student plays only basketball.
b) A student is chosen at random. Given the student does not play basketball, what is the 1
probability that the student plays tennis?
c) Two students from this group are randomly selected after each other. What is the 2
probability that the first only plays basketball and the second plays only tennis?

Layla and her brother Samuel are at their home H.

Layla walked 300 m on a bearing 320° to her dancing school D.
Samuel walked 540 m on a bearing 245° to his sports club S.
a) Show that the angle DHS is 75°. 1
b) Find the distance DS. 2
c) Find the bearing of the sports club S from the dancing school D correct to the 2
nearest degree.

QUESTION 16 (4 marks)
3 2
Sketch the graph of the curve 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 3 showing the coordinates of the
4
turning points and the coordinates of the point of inflection.
Do NOT find the 𝑥 intercepts of the curve.

QUESTION 17 (2 marks)
𝑥
3𝑒
Find ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥. 2
1+ 𝑒
4
a) Differentiate (1 + ln 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 ) . 2
3
( 1 + ln𝑙𝑛 𝑥 )
b) Hence, find ∫ 𝑥
𝑑𝑥. 1

Prove that cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ cot 𝑐𝑜𝑡 θ + sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 θ. 2

The graph shows the velocity (in metres per second) of a particle for 5 seconds. 2
5
The distance covered by the particle over 5 seconds is given by ∫ 𝑣(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡.
0
Use the trapezoidal rule and the velocity at each of the six times values from
𝑡 = 0 𝑡𝑜 𝑡 = 5 to find the approximate distance covered.
Give your answer correct to one decimal place.

Section II extra writing space
This space can be used if needed. Ensure that you label any answers written here clearly giving their
question number and part letter.


ADVANCED MATHEMATICS
Section II Answer Booklet 2
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Sufficient spaces are provided for typical
responses.
● Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.
● Extra writing space for booklet 2 of section II is provided on pages 33 – 35.
If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.

−0.44𝑡
The mass of a whale is modelled by 𝑀 = 38 − 38. 5 (1. 2) , where 𝑀 is the mass
of the whale in tonnes and 𝑡 is its age in years.
a) What is the mass of the whale when its age is 5 years? 1
b) At what rate is the mass 𝑀 increasing when the whale’s age is 5 years? 2
c) At what age will the mass of the whale become 25 tonnes? 3

The diagram below shows a fighter plane made of an isosceles triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 representing 4
its main body and two identical isosceles triangles 𝐷𝐸𝐹 and 𝐺𝐻𝐼 representing its wings.
Let ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 20°, ∠𝐹𝐷𝐸 = ∠𝐺𝐻𝐼 = 120°, 𝐵𝐶 = 6 𝑚 and 𝐹𝐸 = 𝐺𝐼 = 4 𝑚.
Find the area of the fighter plane.

A continuous random variable, 𝑋, has the following probability density function.
a) Calculate the value of 𝑝. 2
b) Find 𝑃(𝑋≤0. 2). Give your answer correct to five decimal places. 2

2
The parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2𝑥 is dilated horizontally by factor of 2 then translated vertically
3
up by 3 to give a new parabola.
Sketch the transformed new parabola showing its vertex and its new equation.

A concert hall is to be built in the shape of a rectangle with width 2𝑥 metres and length
𝑦 metres.
The hall is to be divided into two parts. One part is a semicircle for the singer and the
remaining part of the rectangular hall is for the audience.
2
The audience section is required to have an area of 500 𝑚 and its perimeter should be as small
as possible.
Let P be the perimeter of the audience section of the concert hall.
a) Show that 𝑃 = (2 + 3π
2 )𝑥 + 500
𝑥
.
3

Question 25 continues on page 22
Question 25 (continued)
b) Find the radius of the semicircle of the hall where the singer stands that gives the 4
smallest possible perimeter for the audience section.
Show, by mathematical reasoning, why this radius gives the required minimum
perimeter.
End of Question 25

Daniel wants to deposit $500 at the start of each month into an account that earns interest at
a rate of 0.4% per month.
The amount in the account at the end of the nth month can be determined using the recurrence
relation
𝐴𝑛 = 1. 004 ( 500 + 𝐴𝑛−1 ) , where n = 1, 2, 3, … and 𝐴0 = 0.
a) Use the recurrence relation to find the amount of money in the account at the end of 2
the third month.
b) Calculate the amount of interest earned in the third month. 2


c) Calculate the amount of money in the account at the end of 120 months. 3
End of Question 26
An ice cream shop owner wants to find the relationship between the outside temperature

and the number of ice creams sold in his shop.
Once a day for 100 days, the owner records the temperature and the number of ice creams
sold in his shop during the hottest hour of the day.
Based on the 100 data points collected, the owner provides the information below.
- The lowest temperature is 18°C and the highest temperature is 41°C.

- The lower quartile temperature is 21°C and the upper quartile temperature is 32°C.
- The median temperature is 2.5 times the interquartile range.
- The mean temperature is 1°C less than the median temperature.
- A total of 7 101 ice creams were sold over the 100 data points collected.
The shop owner fits a least squares regression line using the data ( x, y), where x is the
temperature in degrees Celsius and y is the number of ice creams sold in the daily hottest
hour.
The equation of this line is
𝑦 = 2. 014 𝑥 + 𝑐 , where 𝑐 is the y intercept of the regression line.
The least- squares regression line passes through the point ( 𝑥 , 𝑦 ), where 𝑥 𝑖s the sample mean
of the temperature data 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 𝑖s the sample mean of the number of ice creams sold data.
Question 27 (Continued)
Find the number of ice creams sold in the hottest hour of a day when the temperature 5
reached 40°C. Give your answer correct to the nearest whole number.

End of Question 27

The time to travel by taxi from New Airport to Main City Centre is normally distributed
with mean 40 minutes and a standard deviation of 5 minutes.
a) Two taxi drivers are to drive passengers from New Airport to Main City Centre. 3
Find the probability that at least one of them takes between 25 minutes
and 35 minutes to reach the destination.
b) The ratio of female taxi drivers to male taxi drivers in the airport is 2 : 3. 2
One taxi driver, who is to drive passengers from the airport to Main City Centre, is to
be chosen at random.
Find the probability that the chosen driver is female and will reach Main City
Centre in less than 35 minutes.

𝑥
The diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑒 , where r > 0.
𝑥
a) Show that the equation of the tangent to 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑒 at 𝑥 = 𝑎, where 𝑎 > 0 is 2
𝑎
𝑦 = 𝑟𝑒 (𝑥 − 𝑎 + 1).
3
b) Find the value of 𝑟 such that the tangent from part (a) has a gradient 𝑒 2
𝑎
and crosses the x axis at 𝑥 = 2
.
The diagram shows the line 𝑦 = − 𝑥 intersecting with the parabola

2
𝑦 = 5𝑥 − (𝑝 − 2)𝑥 , where 𝑝 > 2, at the origin and at the point 𝑅.
6
a) Show that the 𝑥-coordinate of 𝑅 is 𝑝−2
. 2
2
b) Find the value of 𝑝 such that the shaded area is 12 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 . 4

End of Question 30

The height of a car on a slow Ferris wheel in Funpark can be modelled by the formula
ℎ1(𝑡) = 𝑎 sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( π
24 )
(𝑡 − 𝑐 ) + 11 , where 𝑡 is the time in seconds and 0≤𝑡≤48.
The height of the car at 𝑡 = 0 is 1 m and it reaches a maximum height of 21 m when
𝑡 = 24, and then it decreases back to 1 m at 𝑡 = 48. The graph of ℎ1(𝑡) is as shown.
a) What are the values of 𝑎 and 𝑐? 2

b) In Funpark there is a faster Ferris wheel than the one in part (a). 3
The height of a car on this Ferris wheel can be modelled by the formula
ℎ2(𝑡) = 12 sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( π

8 )
(𝑡 − 4) + 13 .
Consider the graph of ℎ1(𝑡) and the graph of ℎ2(𝑡).
Find the values of the time t in 0≤𝑡≤48 at which the height of both cars is decreasing.
c) Find the rate of change of the height of the car on the slower Ferris wheel when the car 2
on the faster Ferris wheel reaches its minimum height for the first time after its initial
starting point.
END OF PAPER





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2021 TRIAL PAPER

HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

● Reading Time – 10 minutes

Total marks – 100

Section II: Extended Response

© S & G Publishing and Coaching Academy

Read each question and choose an answer A, B, C or D.

2. The function f (x) = 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 is to be dilated horizontally by a factor of 3 and then

What is the equation of the transformed function 𝑔(𝑥) ?

3. Which interval of the following gives the range of the function 𝑓( 𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 ?

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 1

6. The marks of a group of students in an English test are normally distributed

How many more marks than Layla does Jacky score?

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 2

Which of the following inequalities is correct?

A) 0 > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1)

B) 0 > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓 (1)

C) 𝑓 (1) > 0 > 𝑓(1) > 𝑓 (1)

D) 𝑓 (1) > 0 > 𝑓 (1) > 𝑓(1)

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 3

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 4

Green Airline 42 minutes S minutes

Yellow Airline 50 minutes S minutes

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 5

Section II Answer Booklet 1

Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section.

Booklet 1 - Attempt Questions 11 – 20 (32 marks)

Booklet 2 - Attempt Questions 21 – 31 (58 marks)

● Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.

Extra writing space for Booklet 2 of section II is provided on pages 33 – 35.

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 6

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 7

Evaluate ∫ cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 . 2

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 8

▪ 8 students play both.

a) A student is chosen at random. By using a Venn diagram or otherwise, find the 2

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 9

Layla and her brother Samuel are at their home H.

a) Show that the angle DHS is 75°. 1

b) Find the distance DS. 2

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 10

Do NOT find the 𝑥 intercepts of the curve.

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 11

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 12

Prove that cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ cot 𝑐𝑜𝑡 θ + sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 θ. 2

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 13

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 14

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 15

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 16

Section II Answer Booklet 2

Booklet 2 - Attempt Questions 21 – 31 (58 marks)

● Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.

● Extra writing space for booklet 2 of section II is provided on pages 33 – 35.

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 17

a) What is the mass of the whale when its age is 5 years? 1

c) At what age will the mass of the whale become 25 tonnes? 3

© S & G Publishing – 2021 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced 18

Let ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 20°, ∠𝐹𝐷𝐸 = ∠𝐺𝐻𝐼 = 120°, 𝐵𝐶 = 6 𝑚 and 𝐹𝐸 = 𝐺𝐼 = 4 𝑚.

Find the area of the fighter plane.