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Mixed Conditionals

The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English. It provides examples of first conditional sentences using modal verbs like "can", "may", and "will". It also gives examples of first conditional sentences using "going to" and present continuous tenses. Mixed conditional sentences combining past and present forms are also described, such as using past perfect in the if-clause and present results.

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Andreea Cernat
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views

Mixed Conditionals

The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English. It provides examples of first conditional sentences using modal verbs like "can", "may", and "will". It also gives examples of first conditional sentences using "going to" and present continuous tenses. Mixed conditional sentences combining past and present forms are also described, such as using past perfect in the if-clause and present results.

Uploaded by

Andreea Cernat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mixed first conditional sentences

First conditional sentences can use a variety of modal verbs.


If + present simple, can / may / might / will / should + verb (infinitive)

If you give me some money, I can buy some milk.


If I finish my homework, may I go out with my friends?
If you switch the photocopier off and on again, it should work.

First conditional sentences can also use going to, as well as will.
If + present simple, going to + verb (infinitive)

If you don’t get ready soon, we’re going to be late!

The present continuous and going to can also appear in the If clause

If you’re going to the shop, can you buy me some cola?


If you’re going to pay him, make sure you get a receipt.

The present perfect may also appear in the If clause.

If you’ve finished your work, you can go home.

Mixed third / second conditional


This combination describes an imagined event in the past and the present result. → Cuando
queremos expresar que una situación que tuvo lugar en el pasado tiene un resultado en el presente.

If + past perfect, would + verb (infinitive)

If he'd taken the medicine, he wouldn't still be sick.


He wouldn’t still be sick if he’d taken the medicine.

If I had taken the underground, I wouldn't be in a traffic


jam.

→ Si hubiese cogido el metro, no estaría en un atasco.


Mixed second / third conditional
This combination describes a situation which is never true, and the past consequence of this
situation. → Cuando queremos expresar un resultado probable en el pasado sobre una situación que
no es real en el presente.

If + past simple, would have + verb (infinitive)

If you were better at speaking in public, the presentation would have been more successful.
The presentation would have been more successful if you were better at speaking in public.

If I were fitter, I would have finished the race.


→ Si estuviese más en forma, habría terminado la carrera.
• General truths and general habits
• If + present simple, present simple
• If you add two and two, you get four

• Possible or likely things in the future


• If + present simple, will + infinitive
• If it rains later, we'll stay at home.

• Impossible things in the present / unlikely things in


the future
• If + past simple, would + infinitive
• If I won the lottery, I would sail round the world.

• Things that didn't happen in the past and their


imaginary results
• If + past perfect, would + have + past participle
• If I had studied harder, I would have passed the
exam

• if something had been different in the past there


would be a present result
• Past Condition / Present Result
• If + past perfect, would (could, might) + infinitive.
• If we hadn't missed our flight, we'd be in Spain now.

• situation which is never true, and the past


consequence of this situation
• Present Condition / Past Result
• if + past simple, would (could, might) have + past
participle
• If I was more diligent, I would've finished my degree
at university.

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