M.E. Comm. Systems

ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI
NON- AUTONOMOUS COLLEGES AFFILIATED ANNA UNIVERSITY

M.E. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
REGULATIONS – 2021
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
1. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs):
Apply technical knowledge and skills to have successful career in industry,

I.
government and academia as communication engineers
II. Pursue multidisciplinary scientific research in communication and related areas
Make use of various state-of art systems and cutting edge technologies to solve
III.
various complex engineering problems
Inculcate leadership skills, team work, effective communication and lifelong learning to
IV.
the success of their organization and nation
Practice ethics and exhibit commitment in profession to empower / enable rural
V.
communication infrastructure
2. PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)
An ability to independently carry out research/investigation and development

1.
work to solve practical problems
2. An ability to write and present a substantial technical report/document
Students should be able to demonstrate a degree of mastery over the area as per
3. the specialization of the program. The mastery should be at a level higher than
the requirements in the appropriate bachelor program
Design and analyze RF, Signal processing, Networking, Adaptive and modern
4.
communication systems
Develop the knowledge in 5G communication techniques, mm wave
5.
communication, smart antennas , Massive MIMO and Wireless sensor networks
Apply various software tools and cutting edge engineering hardware to provide
6.
solutions for complex communication engineering problems
1
ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI
NON - AUTONOMOUS COLLEGES AFFILIATED ANNA UNIVERSITY
M.E. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
REGULATIONS – 2021
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
I TO IV SEMESTERS CURRICULA AND SYLLABI
SEMESTER I
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
COURSE TITLE PER WEEK CONTACT CREDITS
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
THEORY
Linear Algebra, Probability and
1. MA4156 FC 3 1 0 4 4
Queueing Theory
2. RM4151 Research Methodology and IPR RMC 2 0 0 2 2
3. DS4152 Statistical Signal Processing PCC 3 0 0 3 3
Modern Digital Communication
4. EL4151 PCC 3 0 0 3 3
Systems
Advanced Wireless
5. CU4151 PCC 3 0 0 3 3
Communication
6. CU4152 Radiating Systems PCC 3 0 0 3 3
7. Audit Course – I* AC 2 0 0 2 0
PRACTICALS
Digital Communication Systems PCC
8. EL4161 0 0 3 3 1.5
Laboratory
Advanced Digital Signal PCC
9. CU4161 0 0 3 3 1.5
Processing Laboratory
TOTAL 19 1 6 26 21
*Audit course is optional
SEMESTER II
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE- PER WEEK
COURSE TITLE CONTACT CREDITS
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
THEORY
1. CU4251 RF System Design PCC 3 0 0 3 3
2. CU4201 Microwave Integrated Circuits PCC 3 0 2 5 4
3. CU4202 Advanced Wireless Networks PCC 3 0 0 3 3
4. CP4252 Machine Learning PCC 3 0 2 5 4
5. Professional Elective I PEC 3 0 0 3 3
6. Professional Elective II PEC 3 0 0 3 3
7. Audit Course – II* AC 2 0 0 2 0
PRACTICALS
Wireless Communication
8. CU4211 PCC 0 0 4 4 2
Laboratory
9. CU4212 Term Paper Writing and seminar EEC 0 0 2 2 1
TOTAL 20 0 10 30 23
*Audit course is optional
2
SEMESTER III
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
THEORY
Optical Communication and
1. CU4301 PCC 3 0 0 3 3
Networking
2. Professional Elective III PEC 3 0 0 3 3
3. Professional Elective IV PEC 3 0 2 5 4
4. Open Elective OEC 3 0 0 3 3
PRACTICALS
5. CU4311 Project Work I EEC 0 0 12 12 6
TOTAL 12 0 14 26 19
SEMESTER IV
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
PRACTICALS
1. CU4411 Project Work II EEC 0 0 24 24 12
TOTAL 0 0 24 24 12
TOTAL NO. OF CREDITS: 75

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES
SEMESTER II, ELECTIVE I
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
Electromagnetic Interference
1. EL4071 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
and Compatibility
Advanced Satellite
2. CU4071 Communication and Navigation PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Systems
High Speed Switching and
3. CU4072 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Networking
Signal Integrity for High Speed
4. AP4095 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Design
5. CU4001 Wavelets and Subband Coding PEC 3 0 0 3 3
3
SEMESTER II, ELECTIVE II
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
Multimedia Compression
1. MU4091 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Techniques
2. NC4251 Cognitive Radio Networks PEC 3 0 0 3 3
3. CU4074 Speech Processing PEC 3 0 0 3 3
4. CU4002 mm Wave Communication PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Analog and Mixed Signal VLSI
5. CU4003 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Design
SEMESTER III, ELECTIVE III
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
Ultra Wide Band
1. CU4075 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Communications
VLSI for Wireless
2. CU4076 PEC 3 0 0 3 3
Communication
3. VL4073 MEMS and NEMS PEC 3 0 0 3 3
4. CU4004 Advanced Antenna Design PEC 3 0 0 3 3
5. CU4005 Software Defined Radios PEC 3 0 0 3 3
SEMESTER III, ELECTIVE IV
PERIODS TOTAL
S. COURSE CATE-
NO. CODE GORY
L T P PERIODS
Image Processing and Video
1. CU4073 PEC 3 0 2 5 4
Analytics
2. DS4071 Radar Signal Processing PEC 3 0 2 5 4
Telecommunication System
3. EL4291 PEC 3 0 2 5 4
Modeling and Simulation
4. EL4072 Signal Detection and Estimation PEC 3 0 2 5 4
5. VE4072 Real Time Embedded Systems PEC 3 0 2 5 4
4
AUDIT COURSES (AC)
Registration for any of these courses is optional to students
PERIODS PER
SL. CREDITS
COURSE COURSE TITLE WEEK
NO
CODE L T P
1. AX4091 English for Research Paper Writing 2 0 0 0
2. AX4092 Disaster Management 2 0 0 0
3. AX4093 Constitution of India 2 0 0 0
4. AX4094 நற் றமிழ் இலக்கியம் 2 0 0 0
FOUNDATION COURSES (FC)

S. COURSE PERIODS PER WEEK
COURSE TITLE CREDITS SEMESTER
NO CODE Lecture Tutorial Practical
1. Linear Algebra, Probability
MA4156 and Queueing Theory 3 1 0 4 I
PROFESSIONAL CORE COURSES (PCC)

1. I
DS4152 Statistical Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
2. Modern Digital I
EL4151 3 0 0 3
Communication Systems
3. CU4151 Advanced Wireless 3 0 0 3 I
4. CU4152 Communication
Radiating Systems 3 0 0 3 I
5. Digital Communication I
EL4161 0 0 3 1 . 5
Systems Laboratory
6. CU4161 Advanced Digital Signal 0 0 3 1 . 5 I
Processing Laboratory
7. CU4251 RF System Design 3 0 0 3 II
8. CU4201 Microwave Integrated Circuits 3 0 2 4 II
9. CU4202 Advanced Wireless Networks 3 0 0 3 II
10. CP4252 Machine Learning 3 0 2 4 II
11. Wireless Communication II
CU4211 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
12. Optical Communication and III
CU4301 3 0 0 3
Networking
5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND IPR COURSES (RMC)
1. RM4151 Research Methodology and 2 0 0 2 1
IPR
EMPLOYABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSES (EEC)

1. Term Paper Writing and
CU4212 0 0 2 1 II
Seminar
2. CU4311 Project Work I 0 0 12 6 III
3. CU4411 Project Work II 0 0 24 12 IV
SUMMARY
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: M.E. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Sl. CREDITS CREDITS

No. SUBJECT AREA
PER SEMESTER TOTAL
I II III IV
1. FC 04 00 00 00 04
2. PCC 15 16 03 00 34
3. PEC 00 06 07 00 13
4. RMC 02 00 00 00 02
5. OEC 00 00 03 00 03
6. EEC 00 01 06 12 19
7. Non Credit/Audit Course   00 00
8. TOTAL CREDIT 21 23 19 12 75
6
MA4156 LINEAR ALGEBRA, PROBABILITY AND QUEUEING THEORY L T P C
3 1 0 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this course is to enable the student to
 grasp the basic concepts of Probability, Random variables, correlation and regression.
 characterize the phenomena which evolve with respect to time in a probabilistic
manner.
 encourage students to develop a working knowledge of the ventral ideas of linear
algebra.
 acquire skills in analyzing Queueing Models.
 develop a fundamental understanding of linear programming models and apply the
simplex method for solving linear programming problems.
UNIT – I LINEAR ALGEBRA 12

Vector spaces – Norms – Inner products – Eigenvalues using QR transformations –
QR factorization – Generalized eigenvectors – Jordan Canonical forms – Singular value
decomposition and applications – Pseudo inverse – Least square approximations.
UNIT – II PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES 12

Probability Concepts – Axioms of probability – Conditional probability – Bayes theorem – Random
variables – Probability functions – Two-dimensional random variables – Joint distributions –
Marginal and conditional distributions – Correlation – Linear Regression.
UNIT – III RANDOM PROCESSES 12

Classification – Stationary random process – Markov process – Markov chain – Poisson process –
Gaussian process – Auto correlation – Cross correlation.
UNIT – IV QUEUEING THEORY 12

Markovian queues – Single and multi-server models – Little’s formula – Steady state analysis –
Self-service queue.
UNIT – V LINEAR PROGRAMMING 12

Formulation – Graphical solution – Simplex method – Big M method – Variants of Simplex method
– Transportation problems – Assignment models.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After the completion of the course, the student will be able to
 apply various methods in Linear Algebra to solve the system of linear equations.
 use two-dimensional random variables, correlations and regression in solving
application problem.
 apply the ideas of Random Processes.
 understand the basic characteristic features of a queueing system and acquire
skills in analyzing queueing models.
 apply the Simplex method for solving linear programming problems.
REFERENCES:
1. Miller,S.L. and Childers D.G., “Probability and Random Processes with Applications to
Signal Processing and Communications”, Academic Press,2004.
7
2. Friedberg A.H, Insel A.J. and Spence L, “Linear Algebra”, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,
2004.
3. Gross, D., Shortie, J.F., Thompson, J.M and Harris, C.M., “Fundamentals of Queueing
Theory”, 4th Edition, Wiley,2014.
4. T. Veerarajan, “Probability, Statistics and Random Process with Queueing Theory and
Queueing Network, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th Edition,2017.
5. Taha H.A., “Operations Research: An Introduction”, 9th Edition, Pearson Education Asia,
New Delhi,2016.
6. Richard Bronson, ”Matrix Operations” Schaum’s outline series, McGraw Hill,
2nd Edition, New York,2011.
7. Oliver C. Ibe, “ Fundamentals of Applied Probability and Random Processes”, Academic
Press, (An Imprint of Elsevier), Boston,2014.
RM4151 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND IPR L T P C

2 0 0 2
UNIT I RESEARCH DESIGN 6

Overview of research process and design, Use of Secondary and exploratory data to answer the
research question, Qualitative research, Observation studies, Experiments and Surveys.
UNIT II DATA COLLECTION AND SOURCES 6

Measurements, Measurement Scales, Questionnaires and Instruments, Sampling and methods.
Data - Preparing, Exploring, examining and displaying.
UNIT III DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORTING 6

Overview of Multivariate analysis, Hypotheses testing and Measures of Association.
Presenting Insights and findings using written reports and oral presentation.
UNIT IV INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 6

Intellectual Property – The concept of IPR, Evolution and development of concept of IPR, IPR
development process, Trade secrets, utility Models, IPR & Bio diversity, Role of WIPO and WTO
in IPR establishments, Right of Property, Common rules of IPR practices, Types and Features of
IPR Agreement, Trademark, Functions of UNESCO in IPR maintenance.
UNIT V PATENTS 6
Patents – objectives and benefits of patent, Concept, features of patent, Inventive step,
Specification, Types of patent application, process E-filling, Examination of patent, Grant of patent,
Revocation, Equitable Assignments, Licences, Licensing of related patents, patent agents,
Registration of patent agents.
TOTAL : 30 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Cooper Donald R, Schindler Pamela S and Sharma JK, “Business Research Methods”,
Tata McGraw Hill Education, 11e (2012).
2. Catherine J. Holland, “Intellectual property: Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights, Trade
Secrets”, Entrepreneur Press, 2007.
3. David Hunt, Long Nguyen, Matthew Rodgers, “Patent searching: tools &
techniques”, Wiley, 2007.
8
4. The Institute of Company Secretaries of India, Statutory body under an Act of parliament,
“Professional Programme Intellectual Property Rights, Law and practice”, September 2013.
DS4152 STATISTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the basics of random signal processing
 To learn the concept of estimation and signal modeling
 To know about optimum filters and adaptive filtering and its applications
UNIT I DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Discrete random processes – Ensemble averages – Wide sense stationary process – Properties -
Ergodic process – Sample mean & variance - Auto-correlation and Auto-correlation matrices- Auto
covariance and Cross covariance- Properties – White noise process – Wiener Khintchine relation
- Power spectral density – Filtering random process – Spectral Factorization Theorem – Special
types of Random Processes – AR,MA, ARMA Processes – Yule-Walker equations.
UNIT II PARAMETER ESTIMATION THEORY 9

Principle of estimation and applications-Properties of estimates-unbiased and consistent
estimators, Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimates (MVUE)-Cramer Rao bound- Efficient
estimators; Criteria of estimation: Methods of maximum likelihood and its properties ; Bayesian
estimation : Mean square error and MMSE, Mean Absolute error, Hit and Miss cost function and
MAP estimation
UNIT III SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9

Estimation of spectra from finite duration signals, Bias and Consistency of estimators - Non-
Parametric methods: Periodogram, Modified Periodogram, Bartlett, Welch and Blackman-Tukey
methods, Parametric Methods: AR, MA and ARMA spectrum estimation - Detection of Harmonic
signals - Performance analysis of estimators. MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms
UNIT IV SIGNAL MODELING AND OPTIMUM FILTERS 9

Introduction- Least square method – Pade approximation – Prony’s method – Levinson Recursion
– Lattice filter - FIR Wiener filter – Filtering – Linear Prediction – Non Causal and Causal IIR
Wiener Filter -– MSE – State-space model and the optimal state estimation problem, discrete
Kalman filter, continuous-time Kalman filter, extended Kalman filter.
UNIT V ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9

FIR Adaptive filters - Newton's steepest descent method – Widrow Hoff LMS Adaptive algorithm –
Convergence – Normalized LMS – Applications: Noise cancellation, channel equalization, echo
canceller, Adaptive Recursive Filters: RLS adaptive algorithm, Exponentially weighted RLS-sliding
window RLS. Matrix inversion Lemma, Initialization, tracking of nonstationarity.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
On the successful completion of the course, students will be able to
CO1: Analyze discrete time random processes
CO2: Apply appropriate model for estimation and signal modeling for the given problem
CO3: Analyze non-parametric and parametric methods for spectral estimation
CO4: Design optimum filter for the given problem
9
CO5: Design adaptive filters for different applications
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. Monson. H. Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modelling, John Willey and
Sons, 1996 (Reprint 2008)
2. Simon Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory, Pearson Prentice Hall, 5th edition, 2014
3. D.G. Manolakis, V.K. Ingle and S.M. Kogon, Statistical and Adaptive SignalProcessing,
Artech House Publishers, 2005.
4. Steven. M. Kay, Modern Spectral Estimation, Theory and Application, Pearson India, 2009
5. A.Veloni, N I. Miridakis, E Boukouvala, Digital and Statistical SignalProcessing, CRC
Press, 2019
6. S Nandi, D Kundu, Statistical Signal Processing- Frequency Estimation, Springer Nature
Singapore, 2ndedition , 2020
7. M.D. Srinath, P.K. Rajasekaran and R. Viswanathan, Statistical Signal Processing with
Applications, PHI, 1996.
EL4151 MODERN DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS L T PC

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the coherent and non coherent receivers and their performance under
AWGN channel conditions
 To understand the effect of signalling through bandlimited channels and Equalization
techniques used to overcome ISI
 To understand different channel models, channel capacity and different block coding
techniques
 To understand the principle of convolutional coding and different decoding techniques
 To understand the basics of OFDM as a multicarrier communication and CDMA as a
multiuser communication technique.
UNIT I COHERENT AND NON-COHERENT COMMUNICATION 9

Coherent receivers – Optimum receivers in WGN – IQ modulation & demodulation – QAM
modulation and demodulation Noncoherent receivers in random phase channels; MFSK
receivers – Rayleigh and Rician channels – Partially coherent receivers – DPSK; M-PSK; M-
DPSK-BER Performance Analysis. Carrier SynchronizationBit synchronization.
UNIT II EQUALIZATION TECHNIQUES 9

Band Limited Channels- ISI – Nyquist Criterion- Controlled ISI-Partial Response signals-
Equalization algorithms– Linear equalizer – Decision feedback equalization – Adaptive
Equalization algorithms.
UNIT III BLOCK CODED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9

Architecture and performance – Binary block codes; – Shannon’s channel coding theorem;
Channel capacity; Matched filter; Concepts of Spread spectrum communication – Coded BPSK
and DPSK demodulators– Linear block codes; Hamming; Golay; Cyclic; BCH ; Reed – Solomon
codes. Space time block codes.
UNIT IV CONVOLUTIONAL CODED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9

Representation of codes using Polynomial, State diagram, Tree diagram, and Trellis diagram –
10
Decoding techniques using Maximum likelihood, Viterbi algorithm, Sequential and Threshold
methods – Error probability performance for BPSK and Viterbi algorithm, Turbo Coding.
UNIT V MULTICARRIER AND MULTIUSER COMMUNICATIONS 9

Single Vs multicarrier modulation, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM),
Modulation and demodulation in an OFDM system, An FFT algorithmic implementation of an
OFDM system, Bit and power allocation in multicarrier modulation, Peak-to-average ratio in
multicarrier modulation. Introduction to CDMA systems, multiuser detection in CDMA systems –
optimum multiuser receiver, suboptimum detectors, successive interference cancellation.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Differentiate coherent and non coherent receivers and analyse their performance under
AWGN channel conditions
CO2: Illustrate the effect of signalling through bandlimited channels and Equalization techniques
used to overcome ISI
CO3: Determine the channel capacity and design various block coding techniques to combat
channel errors
CO4: Construct convolutional coders and analyze the performance of different decoding
techniques.
CO5: Describe the basics of OFDM as a multicarrier communication and CDMA as a multiuser
communication technique.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES:
1. John G. Proakis and Masoud Salehi “Digital Communication”, Fifth Edition, Mc Graw Hill
Publication, 2014.
2. Simon Haykin, “Digital communication Systems”, John Wiley and sons, 2014.
3. Bernard Sklar and Pabitra Kumar Ray, “Digital Communications Fundamentals &
Applications ”, second edition, Pearson Education, 2009.
4. Lathi B P and Zhi Ding, “Modern Digital and Analog communication Systems", Oxford
University Press, 2011.
5. Richard Van Nee & Ramjee Prasad, “OFDM for Multimedia Communications” Artech
House Publication, 2001.
6. Theodore S.Rappaport, ‘Wireless Communications”, 2nd edition, Pearson Education,
2002.
CU4151 ADVANCED WIRELESS COMMUNICATION LT P C

3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To learn the concepts of wireless communication.
 To know about the various propagation methods, Channel models, capacity calculations
 multiple antennas and multiple user techniques used in the mobile communication.
UNIT I WIRELESS CHANNEL PROPAGATION AND MODEL 9

Propagation of EM signals in wireless channel – Reflection, diffraction and Scattering-free space,
two ray. Small scale fading- channel classification- channel models – COST -231 Hata model,
NLOS Multipath Fading Models: Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami, 5G Channel model requirements and
11
Measurements, propagation scenarios, METIS channel models, Map-based model, stochastic
model.
UNIT II CAPACITY OF WIRELESS CHANNELS 9

Capacity in AWGN, capacity of flat fading channel, capacity of frequency selective fading channels.
Capacity of MISO, SIMO systems.
UNIT III DIVERSITY 9

Realization of independent fading paths, Receiver Diversity: Selection combining, Threshold
Combining, Maximum-ratio Combining, Equal gain Combining. Transmitter Diversity: Channel
known at transmitter, Channel unknown at the transmitter.
UNIT IV MIMO COMMUNICATIONS 9

Narrowband MIMO model, Parallel decomposition of the MIMO channel, MIMO channel capacity,
MIMO Diversity Gain: Beam forming, Diversity-Multiplexing trade-offs, Space time Modulation and
coding : STBC,STTC, Spatial Multiplexing and BLAST Architectures.
UNIT V MULTI USER SYSTEMS 9

Introduction to MUD, Linear decorrelator, MMSE MUD, Adaptive MUD, MIMO-MUD Application of
convex optimization to wireless design.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1: Analyze the wireless channel characteristics and identify appropriate channel models
CO2:Understand the mathematics behind the capacity calculation under different channel
conditions
CO3: Understand the implication of diversity combining methods and the knowledge of channel
CO4: Understand the concepts in MIMO Communications
CO5: Understand mulitiple access techniques and their use in different multi-user scenarios.
REFERENCES :
1. David Tse and Pramod Viswanath, Fundamentals of wireless communications, Cambridge
University Press, First Edition, 2012
2. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
3. Harry R. Anderson, “Fixed Broadband Wireless System Design”, John Wiley, India, 2003.
4. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley, India, 2006.
5. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications”, Pearson Education,
2007.
6. Rappaport. T.S., “Wireless communications”, Pearson Education, 2003.
7. Gordon L. Stuber, “Principles of Mobile Communication”, Springer International Ltd., 2001.
8. Upena Dalal, “Wireless Communication”, Oxford Higher Education, 2009.
CU4152 RADIATING SYSTEMS L T P C

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand Antenna basics
 To learn about Antenna arrays and their characteristics
 To study about operating Antennas
12
 To familiarize with modern Antennas and Measurement Techniques
 To learn about recent trends in Antenna Design
UNIT I ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS & WIRE ANTENNAS 9

Introduction –Types of Antennas – Radiation Mechanism – Current distribution on wire
antennas – Maxwell‘s equations – Antenna fundamental parameters – Radiation integrals –
Radiation from surface and line current distributions – dipole, monopole, loop antenna
UNIT II ANTENNA ARRAYS 9

Linear array –uniform array, end fire and broad side array, gain, beam width, side lobe level;
Linear array synthesis techniques – Binomial and Chebyshev distributions; Two dimensional
uniform arrays; phased array antennas, smart antennas, switched beam and adaptive arrays,
Mutual Coupling in Finite Arrays
UNIT III APERTURE ANTENNAS 9

Field equivalence principle, Radiation from Rectangular and Circular apertures, Babinets
principle, Slot antenna; Horn antenna; Reflector antenna, aperture blockage, and design
consideration. Radiation Mechanism and Excitation techniques, Microstrip dipole; Patch,
Rectangular patch, Circular patch – Microstrip array and feed network; Lens Antennas
UNIT IV MODERN ANTENNAS & MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 9

Base station antennas, PIFA – Antennas for WBAN – RFID Antennas – Automotive antennas,
MIMO Antennas, Diversity techniques – Antenna impedance and radiation pattern
measurements
UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN ANTENNA DESIGN 9

UWB antenna arrays – Vivaldi antenna arrays – Artificial magnetic conductors/High impedance
surfaces – Antennas in medicine – Plasma antennas – Antennas for millimeter wave
communication - optimization techniques – Numerical methods
SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES:
1. Design and develop an antenna to receive AM and FM radio
2. Design Yagi-Uda Antenna at very high frequency band
3. Design Microstrip patch antenna for mobile applications
4. Design and develop Microstrip dipole antenna
5. Design reflector antenna for satellite - TV reception
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1: Understand the fundamentals behind the different techniques in antenna technology.
CO2:Understand the challenges associated in designing antennas based on
different technologies
CO3: Understand the capability and assess the performance of various antennas.
CO4: Identify the antennas specific to the applications, design and characterize.
CO5: Understand the need for optimizing in antenna design and the methodologies for
the same.
13
REFERENCES:
1. Balanis.A, “Antenna Theory Analysis and Design”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 3 rd
Edition,1982.
2. Frank B. Gross, “Frontiers in Antennas”, Mc Graw Hill, 2011.
3. S. Drabowitch, A. Papiernik, H.D.Griffiths, J.Encinas, B.L.Smith, “Modern Antennas”,
Springer Publications, 2nd Edition, 2007.
4. Krauss.J.D, “Antennas”, John Wiley and sons, New York, 2nd Edition, 1997.
5. I.J. Bahl and P. Bhartia, “Microstrip Antennas”, Artech House,Inc.,1980
6. W.L.Stutzman and G.A.Thiele, “Antenna Theory and Design”, John Wiley& Sons Inc., 2nd
Edition, 1998.
7. Jim R. James,P.S.Hall ,”Handbook of Microstrip Antennas” IEE Electromagnetic wave
series 28, Volume 2,1989.
EL4161 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS L T P C

LABORATORY 0 0 3 1.5
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To study & measure the performance of digital communication systems.
 To provide a comprehensive knowledge of Wireless Communication.
 To learn about the design of digital filter and its adaptive filtering algorithms.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS (MATLAB/SCILAB/CABVIEW)

USE APPROPRIATE SIMULATION TOOLS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTS:
1. Generation & detection of binary digital modulation techniques using SDR
2. Spread Spectrum communication system-Pseudo random binary sequence generation-
Baseband DSSS.
3. MIMO system transceiver design using MATLAB/SCILAB/LABVIEW
4. Performance evaluation of simulated CDMA system
5. Channel Coder/decoder design (block codes / convolutional codes/ turbo codes)
6. OFDM transceiver design using MATLAB /SCILAB/LABVIEW
7. Channel equalizer design using MATLAB (LMS, RLS algorithms)
8. Design and Analysis of Spectrum Estimators (Bartlett, Welch) using MATLAB
9. BER performance Analysis of M-ary digital Modulation Techniques (coherent & non
coherent) in AWGN Environment using MATLAB/SCILAB/LABVIEW
10. Design and performance analysis of Lossless Coding Techniques - Huffman Coding
and Lempel Ziv Algorithm using MATLAB/SCILAB/LABVIEW
11. Noise / Echo cancellation using MATLAB (LMS / RLS algorithms).
12. Study of synchronization (frame, bit, symbol.)
13. Wireless channel characterization.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon the completion of course, students are able to
 Implement the adaptive filtering algorithms
 Generate and detect digital communication signals of various modulation techniques
using MATLAB.
 Evaluate cellular mobile communication technology and propagation model.
 Apply mathematical formulation to analyze spectrum estimation of a signal and bit rate
14
determination of a transmission link
 Analyze the performance of optimization algorithms for equalizing the channel or
noise/echo cancellation
 Able to design synchronization algorithm for Digital Communication systems
CU4161 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C

LABORATORY 0 0 3 1.5
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To enable the student to verify the basic principles of random signal processing, spectral
estimation methods and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel
characterization
 To design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data to produce
meaningful conclusions and match with theoretical concepts.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
USE APPROPRIATE SIMULATION TOOLS FOR THE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTS:
1. Generation of Standard discrete time sequences (Unit Impulse, Unit Step, Unit Ramp,
Sinusoidal and exponential signals) and carrying out of arithmetic operations and plot
the results
2. Generation of random sequences satisfying the given probability distributions such as
Uniform, Gaussian, Rayleigh and Rician.
3. Design of FIR filters for the given specification and plot the frequency response of the
designed filter
4. Design of IIR filters for the given specification and plot the frequency response of the
designed filter
5. Analysis of finite word length effects of FIR filter coefficients
6. Estimation of power spectrum of the given random sequence using Nonparametric
methods (Bartlett, Welch and Blackman Tukey)
7. Estimation of power spectrum of the given random sequence using parametric methods
(AR, MA and ARMA)
8. Upsampling the discrete time sequence by L times and plot the spectrum of both the
given sequence and upsampled sequence
9. Downsampling the discrete time sequence by M times and plot the spectrum of both the
given sequence and down sampled sequence
10. Design an adaptive filter to extract a desired signal from the given noisy signal by
cancelling the noise using LMS Algorithm
11. Design an adaptive filter to extract a desired signal from the given noisy signal by
cancelling the noise using RLS Algorithm
12. Implementation of Digital Filter Banks for the given specifications
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon the completion of course, students will be able to
 Generate deterministic/Random sequences using simulation tool
 Design and analyze the frequency response of FIR/IIR digital filters for the given
specifications
15
 Estimate power spectrum of the given random sequence using
parametric/nonparametric estimation methods
 Implement adaptive filters using LMS/RLS algorithm
 Analyze the discrete time systems at various sampling rates
CU4251 RF SYSTEM DESIGN LT PC

3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Be familiar with RF transceiver system design for wireless communications
 Be exposed to design methods of receivers and transmitters used in communication
systems
 Design RF circuits and systems using an advanced design tool.
 Exemplify different synchronization methods circuits and describe their block schematic and
design criteria
 Measure RF circuits and systems with a spectrum analyzer.
UNIT I BASICS OF RADIO FREQUENCY SYSTEM DESIGN 9

Definitions and models of Linear systems and Non-linear system. Specification parameters: Gain,
noise figure, SNR, Characteristic impedance, S-parameters, Impedance matching and Decibels.
Elements of digital base band signalling: complex envelope of band pass signals, Average value,
RMS value, Crest factor, Sampling, jitter, modulation techniques, filters, pulse shaping, EVM, BER,
sensitivity, selectivity, dynamic range and, adjacent and alternate channel power leakages
UNIT II RADIO ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 9

Superheterodyne architecture, direct conversion architecture, Low IF architecture, band-pass
sampling radio architecture, System Design Considerations for an Analog Frontend Receiver in
Cognitive Radio Applications, Interference, Near, In-band & wide-band considerations.
UNIT III AMPLIFIER MODELING AND ANALYSIS 9

Noise: Noise equivalent model for Radio frequency device, amplifier noise model, cascade
performance, minimum detectable signal, performance of noisy systems in cascade. Non-Linearity:
Amplifier power transfer curve, gain compression, AM-AM, AM-PM, polynomial approximations,
Saleh model, Wiener model and Hammerstein model, intermodulation, Single and two tone
analyses, second and third order distortions and measurements, SOI and TOI points, cascade
performance of nonlinear systems.
UNIT IV MIXER AND OSCILLATOR MODELING AND ANALYSIS 9

Mixers: Frequency translation mechanisms, frequency inversion, image frequencies, spurious
calculations, principles of mixer realizations. Oscillators: phase noise and its effects, effects of
oscillator spurious components, frequency accuracy, oscillator realizations: Frequency synthesizers,
NCO.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF SYSTEMS DESIGN 9

Multimode and multiband Superheterodyne transceiver: selection of frequency plan, receiver system
and transmitter system design – Direct conversion transceiver: receiver system and transmitter
system design.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
16
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: understand the specifications of transceiver modules
CO2: understand pros and cons of transceiver architectures and their associated design
considerations
CO3: understand the impact of noise and amplifier non-linearity of amplification modules and also
will learn the resultant effect during cascade connections
CO4: get exposure about spurs and generation principles during signal generation and frequency
translations
CO5: understand the case study of transceiver systems and aid to select specification parameters
REFERENCES
1. The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits by Thomas H. Lee.
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
2. Qizheng Gu, “RF System Design of Transceivers for Wireless Communications”, Springer
,2005.
3. Kevin McClaning, “Wireless Receiver Design for Digital Communications,” Yes Dee
Publications, 2012.
4. M C Jeruchim, P Balapan and K S Shanmugam, “Simulation of Communication
systems:Modeling, Methodology and Techniques”, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers,
2 nd Edition, 2000.
CU4201 MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LTPC

3 024
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To familiarize different transmission lines used at Microwave frequencies
 To design impedance matching networks using lumped and distributed elements
 To design and analyze different microwave components
 To use SMITH chart to analyze the region of stability and instability for designing amplifiers
and oscillators
 To simulate and to test the microwave components under laboratory conditions
UNIT I PLANAR TRANSMISSION LINES AND COMPONENTS 9

Review of Transmission line theory – S parameters-Transmission line equations – reflection
coefficient – VSWR – Microstrip lines: Structure, waves in microstrip, Quasi-TEM approximation,
Coupled lines: Even mode and odd mode analysis – Microstrip discontinuities and components –
Strip line – Slot line – Coplanar waveguide – Filters – Power dividers and Couplers
UNIT II IMPEDANCE MATCHING NETWORKS 9

Circuit Representation of two port RF/Microwave Networks: Low Frequency Parameters, High
Frequency Parameters, Transmission Matrix, ZY Smith Chart, Design of Matching Circuits using
Lumped Elements, Matching Network Design using Distributed Elements
UNIT III MICROWAVE AMPLIFIER AND OSCILLATOR DESIGN 9

Characteristics of microwave transistors – Stability considerations in active networks – Gain
Consideration in Amplifiers – Noise Consideration in active networks – Broadband Amplifier design
– Oscillators: Oscillator versus Amplifier Design – Oscillation conditions – Design and stability
considerations of Microwave Transistor Oscillators.
17
UNIT IV MIXERS AND CONTROL CIRCUITS 9
Mixer Types – Conversion Loss – SSB and DSB Mixers – Design of Mixers: Single Ended Mixers –
Single Balanced Mixers – Sub Harmonic Diode Mixers, Microwave Diodes, Phase Shifters – PIN
Diode Attenuators
UNIT V MICROWAVE IC DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 9

Microwave Integrated Circuits – MIC Materials- Hybrid versus Monolithic MICs – Multichip Module
Technology – Fabrication Techniques, Miniaturization techniques, Introduction to SOC, SOP, Test
fixture measurements, probe station measurements, thermal and cryogenic measurements,
experimental field probing techniques.
PRACTICAL EXERCISES: 30 PERIODS

1. Study of transmission line parameters – Impedance analysis
2. Design of impedance matching networks
3. Design of low pass and high pass filter
4. Design of band-pass and band-stop filters
5. Design of branch line couplers
6. Design of phase shifters
7. Design of Mixers
8. Design of Power dividers
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1 : understand the concepts of planar transmission line
CO2: Design impedance matching circuits using LC components and stubs.
CO3: Design and analyze microwave components.
CO4: Perform stability analysis and be able to design amplifiers and oscillators
at microwave frequencies.
CO5: Perform simulations, fabricate and test microwave devices.
TOTAL:45+30=75 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Jia Sheng Hong, M. J. Lancaster, “Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications”, John
Wiley & Sons, 2001
2. David M. Pozar, “Microwave Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons, 4th edition 2012
3. Reinhold Ludwig and Powel Bretchko, RF Circuit Design – Theory and Applications”,
Pearson Education Asia, First Edition,2001.
4. Thomas H.Lee, “Planar Microwave Engineering”, Cambridge University Press, 2004
5. Matthew M. Radmanesh, “Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics”, Pearson
Education, 2002
CU4202 ADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKS LT PC

3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The students should be made to:
 study about advanced wireless network, LTE, 4G and Evolutions from LTE to LTE.
 study about wireless IP architecture, Packet Data Protocol and LTE network architecture
 study about adaptive link layer, hybrid ARQ and graphs routing protocol.
 study about mobility management, cellular network, and micro cellular networks
18
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to 1G/2G/3G/4G Terminology. Evolution of Public Mobile Services -Motivation for IP
Based Wireless Networks -Requirements and Targets for Long Term Evolution (LTE) -
Technologies for LTE- 4G Advanced Features and Roadmap Evolutions from LTE to LTE-A -
Wireless Standards. Network Model-Network Connectivity-Wireless Network Design with Small
World Properties
UNIT II WIRELESS IP NETWORK ARCHITECTURES 9

3GPP Packet Data Networks - Network Architecture - Packet Data Protocol (PDP) Context -
Configuring PDP Addresses on Mobile Stations - Accessing IP Networks through PS Domain –
LTE network Architecture - Roaming Architecture- Protocol Architecture- Bearer Establishment
Procedure -Inter-Working with other RATs.
UNIT III ADAPTIVE LINK AND NETWORK LAYER 9

Link Layer Capacity of Adaptive Air Interfaces-Adaptive Transmission in Ad Hoc Networks-
Adaptive Hybrid ARQ Schemes for Wireless Links-Stochastic Learning Link Layer Protocol-
Infrared Link Access Protocol-Graphs and Routing Protocols-Graph Theory-Routing with Topology
Aggregation-Network and Aggregation Models
UNIT IV MOBILITY MANAGEMENT 9

Cellular Networks-Cellular Systems with Prioritized Handoff-Cell Residing Time Distribution-
Mobility Prediction in Pico- and Micro-Cellular Networks
UNIT V QUALITY OF SERVICE 9

QoS Challenges in Wireless IP Networks - QoS in 3GPP - QoS Architecture, Management and
Classes -QoS Attributes - Management of End-to-End IP QoS - EPS Bearers and QoS in LTE
networks
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: get an exposure to the latest 4G networks and LTE
CO2: Understand about the wireless IP architecture and LTE network architecture.
CO3: know the adaptive link layer and network layer graphs and protocol.
CO4: Understand the mobility management and cellular network.
CO5: Understand the wireless sensor network architecture and its concept.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Ayman ElNashar, Mohamed El-saidny, Mahmoud Sherif, “Design, Deployment and
Performance of 4G-LTE Networks: A Practical Approach”, John Wiley & Sons, 2014.
2. Crosspoint Boulevard, “Wireless and Mobile All-IP Networks”, Wiley Publication, 2005.
3. Jyh-Cheng Chen and Tao Zhang, “IP-Based Next-Generation Wireless Networks
Systems, Architectures, and Protocols”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publication,2006.
4. Minoru Etoh, “Next Generation Mobile Systems 3G and Beyond,” Wiley
Publications,2005.
5. Savo Glisic,” Advanced Wireless Networks-Technology and Business Models”, Third
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016
6. Savo Glisic,”Advanced Wireless Networks-4G Technologies”, John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd,2006.
19
7. Stefania Sesia, IssamToufik and Matthew Baker, “LTE – The UMTS Long Term
Evolution From Theory to Practice”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publication, Second
Edition, 2011.
CP4252 MACHINE LEARNING LTPC

302 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the concepts and mathematical foundations of machine learning and types of
problems tackled by machine learning
 To explore the different supervised learning techniques including ensemble methods
 To learn different aspects of unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning
 To learn the role of probabilistic methods for machine learning
 To understand the basic concepts of neural networks and deep learning
UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS 9

What is Machine Learning? Need –History – Definitions – Applications - Advantages, Disadvantages &
Challenges -Types of Machine Learning Problems – Mathematical Foundations - Linear Algebra &
Analytical Geometry -Probability and Statistics- Bayesian Conditional Probability -Vector Calculus &
Optimization - Decision Theory - Information theory
UNIT II SUPERVISED LEARNING 9

Introduction-Discriminative and Generative Models -Linear Regression - Least Squares -Under-fitting /
Overfitting -Cross-Validation – Lasso Regression- Classification - Logistic Regression- Gradient Linear
Models -Support Vector Machines –Kernel Methods -Instance based Methods - K-Nearest Neighbours
- Tree based Methods –Decision Trees –ID3 – CART - Ensemble Methods –Random Forest -
Evaluation of Classification Algorithms
UNIT III UNSUPERVISED LEARNING AND REINFORCEMENT LEARNING 9

Introduction - Clustering Algorithms -K – Means – Hierarchical Clustering - Cluster Validity -
Dimensionality Reduction –Principal Component Analysis – Recommendation Systems - EM
algorithm. Reinforcement Learning – Elements -Model based Learning – Temporal Difference Learning
UNIT IV PROBABILISTIC METHODS FOR LEARNING 9

Introduction -Naïve Bayes Algorithm -Maximum Likelihood -Maximum Apriori -Bayesian Belief
Networks -Probabilistic Modelling of Problems -Inference in Bayesian Belief Networks – Probability
Density Estimation - Sequence Models – Markov Models – Hidden Markov Models
UNIT V NEURAL NETWORKS AND DEEP LEARNING 9

Neural Networks – Biological Motivation- Perceptron – Multi-layer Perceptron – Feed Forward Network
– Back Propagation-Activation and Loss Functions- Limitations of Machine Learning – Deep Learning–
Convolution Neural Networks – Recurrent Neural Networks – Use cases
45 PERIODS
1. Give an example from our daily life for each type of machine learning problem
2. Study at least 3 Tools available for Machine Learning and discuss pros & cons of each
3. Take an example of a classification problem. Draw different decision trees for the example and
20
explain the pros and cons of each decision variable at each level of the tree
4. Outline 10 machine learning applications in healthcare
5. Give 5 examples where sequential models are suitable.
6. Give at least 5 recent applications of CNN

1. Implement a Linear Regression with a Real Dataset
(https://www.kaggle.com/harrywang/housing). Experiment with different features in building a model.
Tune the model's hyperparameters.
2. Implement a binary classification model. That is, answers a binary question such as "Are
houses in this neighborhood above a certain price?"(use data from exercise 1). Modify the
classification threshold and determine how that modification influences the model. Experiment with
different classification metrics to determine your model's effectiveness.
3. Classification with Nearest Neighbours. In this question, you will use the scikit-learn’s KNN
classifer to classify real vs. fake news headlines. The aim of this question is for you to read the scikit-
learn API and get comfortable with training/validation splits. Use California Housing Dataset
4. In this exercise, you'll experiment with validation sets and test sets using the dataset. Split
a training set into a smaller training set and a validation set. Analyze deltas between training set and
validation set results. Test the trained model with a test set to determine whether your trained model
is overfitting. Detect and fix a common training problem.
5. Implement the k-means algorithm using https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Codon+usage
dataset
6. Implement the Naïve Bayes Classifier using
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Gait+Classification dataset
7. Project - (in Pairs) Your project must implement one or more machine learning algorithms and
apply them to some data.
a. Your project may be a comparison of several existing algorithms, or it may propose a
new algorithm in which case you still must compare it to at least one other approach.
b. You can either pick a project of your own design, or you can choose from the set of pre-
defined projects.
c. You are free to use any third-party ideas or code that you wish as long as it is publicly
available.
d. You must properly provide references to any work that is not your own in the write-up.
e. Project proposal You must turn in a brief project proposal. Your project proposal should
describe the idea behind your project. You should also briefly describe software you will
need to write, and papers (2-3) you plan to read.
List of Projects (datasets available)
1. Sentiment Analysis of Product Reviews
2. Stock Prediction
3. Sales Forecasting
4. Music Recommendation
5. Handwriting Digit Classification
6. Fake News Detection
7. Sports Prediction
8. Object Detection
9. Disease Prediction
COURSE OUTCOMES:
21
CO1: Understand and outline problems for each type of machine learning
CO2: Design a Decision tree and Random forest for an application
CO3: Implement Probabilistic Discriminative and Generative algorithms for an application and analyze
the results.
CO4: Use a tool to implement typical Clustering algorithms for different types of applications.
CO5: Design and implement an HMM for a Sequence Model type of application and identify
applications suitable for different types of Machine Learning with suitable justification.
TOTAL:75 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Stephen Marsland, “Machine Learning: An Algorithmic Perspective”, Chapman & Hall/CRC,
2nd Edition, 2014.
2. Kevin Murphy, “Machine Learning: A Probabilistic Perspective”, MIT Press, 2012
3. Ethem Alpaydin, “Introduction to Machine Learning”, Third Edition, Adaptive Computation and
Machine Learning Series, MIT Press, 2014
4. Tom M Mitchell, “Machine Learning”, McGraw Hill Education, 2013.
5. Peter Flach, “Machine Learning: The Art and Science of Algorithms that Make Sense of Data”,
First Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
6. Shai Shalev-Shwartz and Shai Ben-David, “Understanding Machine Learning: From Theory to
Algorithms”, Cambridge University Press, 2015
7. Christopher Bishop, “Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning”, Springer, 2007.
8. Hal Daumé III, “A Course in Machine Learning”, 2017 (freely available online)
9. Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman, “The Elements of Statistical Learning”,
Springer, 2009 (freely available online)
10. Aurélien Géron , Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn and TensorFlow: Concepts,
Tools, and Techniques to Build Intelligent Systems 2nd Edition, o'reilly, (2017)
CU4211 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION LABORATORY LTPC

0 042
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To enable the student to verify the basic principles of random signal processing, spectral
estimation methods, wireless and AWGN channel characterization, application of adaptive
filter algorithms for communication system design, coding and modulation design,
synchronization aspects and the overall baseband system design.
 To design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data to produce
meaningful conclusions and match with theoretical concepts.
 To enable the student to appreciate the practical aspects of baseband system design and
understand the associated challenges.
LIST OF EXPERIMENT:
1. Spectral Characterisation of communication signals ( using Spectrum Analyzer)
2. Design and Analysis of Spectrum Estimators ( Bartlett , Welch )
3. Design and analysis of digital modulation techniques on an SDR platform
4. Carrier and Symbol timing Synchronization using SDR platform
5. CDMA signal generation and RAKE receiver design using DSP/MATLAB/ SIMULINK
6. Design and performance analysis of error control encoder and decoder ( Block and
Convolutional Codes )
7. Wireless Channel equalizer design using DSP ( ZF / LMS / RLS )
22
8. Wireless Channel Estimation and Diversity Combining
9. Design and simulation of Microstrip patch antenna
10. Analysis of Antenna Radiation Pattern and measurement
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: The student would be able to design and conduct experiments to demonstrate the trade-offs
involved in the design of basic and advanced coding and modulation techniques and the advanced
baseband signal conditioning methods.
CO2: The student would be capable of applying communication engineering principles and design
tools and will be well practiced in design skills.
CO3: The student would be able to comprehensively record and report the measured data, write
reports, communicate research ideas and do oral presentations effectively.
CO4: The student would be capable of analyzing and interpreting the experimental measurement
data and produce meaningful conclusions
CU4212 TERM PAPER WRITING AND SEMINAR LTPC

002 1
In this course, students will develop their scientific and technical reading and writing skills that they
need to understand and construct research articles. A term paper requires a student to obtain
information from a variety of sources (i.e., Journals, dictionaries, reference books) and then place it
in logically developed ideas. The work involves the following steps:
1. Selecting a subject, narrowing the subject into a topic

2. Stating an objective.
3. Collecting the relevant bibliography (atleast 15 journal papers)
4. Preparing a working outline.
5. Studying the papers and understanding the authors contributions and critically analysing
each paper.
6. Preparing a working outline
7. Linking the papers and preparing a draft of the paper.
8. Preparing conclusions based on the reading of all the papers.
9. Writing the Final Paper and giving final Presentation
Please keep a file where the work carried out by you is maintained.
Activities to be carried out
Activity Instructions Submission Evaluation

week
nd
Selection of area You are requested to select an area of 2 week 3%
of interest and interest, topic and state an objective Based on clarity of
Topic thought, current
Stating an relevance and clarity
Objective in writing
23
Collecting 1. List 1 Special Interest Groups or 3rd week 3%
Information professional society ( the selected
about your area 2. List 2 journals information must be
& topic 3. List 2 conferences, symposia or area specific and of
workshops international and
4. List 1 thesis title national standard)
5. List 3 web presences (mailing lists,
forums, news sites)
6. List 3 authors who publish
regularly in your area
7. Attach a call for papers (CFP) from
your area.
Collection of  You have to provide a complete list 4th week 6%
Journal papers of references you will be using- Based on ( the list of standard
in the topic in your objective -Search various digital papers and reason
the context of libraries and Google Scholar for selection)
the objective –  When picking papers to read - try
collect 20 & then to:
filter  Pick papers that are related to
each other in some ways and/or that are in
the same field so that you can write a
meaningful survey out of them,
 Favour papers from well-known
journals and conferences,
 Favour “first” or “foundational”
papers in the field (as indicated in other
people’s survey paper),
 Favour more recent papers,
 Pick a recent survey of the field so
you can quickly gain an overview,
 Find relationships with respect to
each other and to your topic area
(classification scheme/categorization)
 Mark in the hard copy of papers
whether complete work or section/sections
of the paper are being considered
Reading and Reading Paper Process 5th week 8%

notes for first 5  For each paper form a Table ( the table given
papers answering the following questions: should indicate your
 What is the main topic of the understanding of the
article? paper and the
 What was/were the main issue(s) evaluation is based
the author said they want to discuss? on your conclusions
 Why did the author claim it was about each paper)
important?
 How does the work build on other’s
work, in the author’s opinion?
24
 What simplifying assumptions does
the author claim to be making?
 What did the author do?
 How did the author claim they were
going to evaluate their work and compare
it to others?
 What did the author say were the
limitations of their research?
 What did the author say were the
important directions for future research?
Conclude with limitations/issues not
addressed by the paper ( from the
perspective of your survey)
Reading and Repeat Reading Paper Process 6th week 8%
notes for next5 ( the table given
papers should indicate your
understanding of the
paper and the
evaluation is based on
your conclusions
about each paper)
Reading and Repeat Reading Paper Process 7th week 8%
notes for final 5 ( the table given
papers should indicate your
understanding of the
paper and the
evaluation is based on
your conclusions
about each paper)
Draft outline 1 Prepare a draft Outline, your survey goals, 8th week 8%
and Linking along with a classification / categorization ( this component will
papers diagram be evaluated based
on the linking and
classification among
the papers)
Abstract Prepare a draft abstract and give a 9th week 6%
presentation (Clarity, purpose and
conclusion)
6% Presentation &
Viva Voce
Introduction Write an introduction and background 10th week 5%
Background sections ( clarity)
Sections of the Write the sections of your paper based on 11thweek 10%
paper the classification / categorization diagram (this component will
in keeping with the goals of your survey be evaluated based
on the linking and
classification among
the papers)
25
Your Write your conclusions and future work 12th week 5% ( conclusions –
conclusions clarity and your ideas)
Final Draft Complete the final draft of your paper 13th week 10% (formatting,
English, Clarity and
linking)
4% Plagiarism Check
Report
Seminar A brief 15 slides on your paper 14th & 15th 10%
week (based on
presentation and Viva-
voce)
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS
CU4301 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To enable the student to understand the basic principles of operation of optical system
components, the different network architectures and issues associated with network
design.
 To enable the student to understand the differences in the design of data plane and the
control plane and the routing, switching and the resource allocation methods and the
network management and protection methods in vogue.
UNIT I OPTICAL SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND NETWORK DESIGN 9

Optical System Components – MZIM, Multiplexers; filters; switches; wavelength converters; optical
amplifiers – EDFA, Raman Amplifiers and hybrid; Transmission system Engineering – System
Model, Aimer penalty – transmitter, receiver, cross talk, dispersion compensation, wavelength
stabilization, FWM.
UNIT II COHERENT SYSTEMS 9

Basic principles of Coherent detections – Practical constraints – Injection laser line width state of
polarization, local oscillator power, fiber limitations; Modulation formats – ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK
and polarization shift keying (POL SK); Demodulation schemes – Homodyne, Heterodyne –
Synchronous and Non synchronous detection; Comparison; Carrier recovery in Coherent
detection.
UNIT III OPTICAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES 9

Introduction to Optical Networks; First Generation optical networks –SONET / SDH Network,
Second Generation (WDM) Optical Networks, Need for Multilayered Architecture-, Layers and Sub-
layers, Spectrum partitioning, Optical Network Nodes, Network Access Stations, Overlay
Processor, Logical network overlays.
UNIT IV NETWORK CONNECTIONS 9

Connection Management and Control; Static Networks, Wavelength Routed Networks; Linear Light
wave networks; Logically Routed Networks; Routing and Wavelength Assignment , Traffic
Grooming in Optical Networks
UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORK SURVIVABILITY 9

Protection and Restoration Objectives, Fault Protection and Restoration Techniques in the Logical
26
Layer – Point-to-Point Systems, SONET Self-Healing Rings, Interconnection Techniques,
Architectures with Arbitrary Mesh Topologies ,Optical-Layer Protection: Point-to-Point and Ring
Architectures, Mesh Architectures
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: demonstrate an understanding of the differences and challenges involved in the design of
optical systems and networks.
CO2: apply his knowledge for designing a fiber optic system addressing the channel impairments.
CO3: Familiar with the architectures and the protocol stack in use.in optical networks and would be
able to identify a suitable backbone infrastructure for our present and future communication
needs.
CO4: understand how connections are managed in the network and the pros and cons of the
different approaches
CO5: appreciate the need for network survivability and the methodologies used.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Max Ming-Kang Liu, “Principles and Applications of Optical Communication”, Tata McGraw
Hill Education Pvt., Ltd., New Delhi. 2010
2. Thomas E. Stern, Georgios Ellinas, Krishna Bala, “Multiwavelength Optical Networks –
Architecture, Design and control “, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition, 2009.
3. Rajiv Ramaswami and Kumar N. Sivarajan, “Optical Networks : A Practical Perspective”,
Harcourt Asia Pte Ltd., Second Edition 2006.
EL4071 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To gain broad conceptual understanding of the various aspects of electromagnetic (EM)
interference and compatibility
 To develop a theoretical understanding of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness
 To understand ways of mitigating EMI by using shielding, grounding and filtering
 To understand the need for standards and to appreciate measurement methods
 To understand how EMI impacts wireless and broadband technologies
UNIT I INTRODUCTION & SOURCES OF EM INTERFERENCE 9

Introduction - Classification of sources - Natural sources - Man-made sources - Survey of the
electromagnetic environment.
UNIT II EM SHIELDING 9
Introduction - Shielding effectiveness - Far-field sources - Near-field sources - Low-frequency,
magnetic field shielding - Effects of apertures
UNIT III INTERFERENCE CONTROL TECHNIQUES 9

Equipment screening - Cable screening - grounding - Power-line filters - Isolation - Balancing -
Signal-line filters - Nonlinear protective devices.
27
UNIT IV EMC STANDARDS, MEASUREMENTS AND TESTING 9
Need for standards - The international framework - Human exposure limits to EM fields -EMC
measurement techniques - Measurement tools - Test environments.
UNIT V EMC CONSIDERATIONS IN WIRELESS AND BROADBAND 9

TECHNOLOGIES
Efficient use of frequency spectrum - EMC, interoperability and coexistence - Specifications and
alliances - Transmission of high-frequency signals over telephone and power networks – EMC and
digital subscriber lines - EMC and power line telecommunications.
1. Investigate various case studies related to EMIC. Example: Chernobyl Disaster in 1986.
2. Develop some understanding about the design of EM shields in electronic system design and
packaging.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to
CO1:Demonstrate knowledge of the various sources of electromagnetic interference
CO2:Display an understanding of the effect of how electromagnetic fields couple through
apertures, and solve simple problems based on that understanding
CO3:Explain the EMI mitigation techniques of shielding and grounding
CO4:Explain the need for standards and EMC measurement methods
CO5:Discuss the impact of EMC on wireless and broadband technologies
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Christopoulos C, Principles and Techniques of Electromagnetic Compatibility, CRC Press,
Second Edition, Indian Edition, 2013.
2. Paul C R, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, Wiley India, Second Edition,2008.
3. Kodali V P, Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility, Wiley India, Second Edition,2010.
4. Henry W Ott, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, John Wiley & Sons Inc,
Newyork,2009.
5. Scott Bennett W, Control and Measurement of Unintentional Electromagnetic Radiation,
John Wiley& Sons Inc., Wiley Interscience Series, 1997.
CU4071 ADVANCED SATELLITE COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION LTPC

SYSTEMS 3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To enable the students to
 Learn M2M developments and satellite applications
 Understand Satellite Communication In Ipv6 Environment
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 9

Overview of satellite communication and orbital mechanics Link budget Parameters, Link budget
calculations, Auxiliary Equations, Performance Calculations.
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UNIT II M2M DEVELOPMENTS AND SATELLITE APPLICATIONS 9
Overview of the Internet of Things and M2M- M2M Applications Examples and Satellite Support-
Satellite Roles Context and Applications- Antennas for Satellite M2M Applications- M2M Market
Opportunities for Satellite Operators-Ultra HD Video/TV and Satellite Implications-High Throughput
Satellites (HTS) and Ka/Ku Spot Beam Technologies-Aeronautical, Maritime and other Mobility
Services.
UNIT III SATELLITE COMMUNICATION IN IPV6 ENVIRONMENT 9

Overview of IPv6 and its benefits for Satellite Networks - Migration and Coexistence--
Implementation scenarios and support- Preparations for IPv6 in Satellite communication- Satellite
specific Protocol issues in IPv6 – Impact of IPv6 on Satellite Network architecture and services-
Detailed transitional plan- IPv6 demonstration over satellites - Key results and recommendations.
UNIT IV SATELLITE NAVIGATION AND GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM 9

Overview of Radio and Satellite Navigation, GPS Principles, Signal model and Codes, Satellite
Signal Acquisition, Mathematical model of GPS observables, Methods of processing GPS data
, GPS Receiver Operation and Differential GPS. IRNSS, GAGAN, GLONASS and Galileo.
UNIT V DEEP SPACE NETWORKS AND INTER PLANETARY MISSIONS 9

Introduction – Functional description - Design procedure and performance criterion-Mars
exploration Rover- Mission and spacecraft summary-Telecommunication subsystem overview-
Ground Subsystem-Telecom subsystem and Link performance Telecom subsystem Hardware and
software Chandrayaan-1 Mission - Mission and spacecraft summary-Telecommunication
subsystem overview-Ground Subsystem-Telecom subsystem and Link performance.Mangalyaan
Mission - Mission and spacecraft summary-Telecommunication subsystem overview- Ground
Subsystem-Telecom subsystem and Link performance
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, the students will be able to:
CO1: Discuss Satellite navigation and global positioning system
CO2: Understand deep space networks and inter planetary missions
CO3: Demonstrate an understanding of the different interferences and attenuation mechanisms
affecting the satellite link design.
CO4: Demonstrate an understanding of the different communication, sensing and navigational
applications of satellite.
CO5: Familiar with the implementation aspects of existing satellite based systems.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Adimurthy.V,”Concept design and planning of India’s first interplanetary mission” Current
Science, VOL. 109, NO. 6, 1054 25 SEPTEMBER 2015.
2. Anil K. Maini, Varsha Agrawal, ‘Satellite Technology: Principles and Applications’, Third
Edition, Wiley, 2014.
3. Daniel Minoli’ “Innovations in Satellite Communication and Satellite Technology” Wiley,
2015
4. Daniel Minoli, “Satellite Systems Engineering in an IPv6 Environment”, CRC Press, First
Edition, 2009.
5. Hofmann-Wellenhof B., Lichtenegger H., and Elmar Wasle, “Global Navigational Satellite
Systems” Springer-Verlag, 2008.
6. Jim Taylor, “ Deep Space Communications” John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
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7. Louis J. Ippolito, Jr. “Satellite Communications Systems Engineering: Atmospheric Effects,
Satellite Link Design and System Performance”, Second Edition, 2017
8. http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c25-mars-orbiter-mission
CU4072 HIGH SPEED SWITCHING AND NETWORKING LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To explore the various space division switches
 To enable the various network performance analysis
 To get the clear idea about the various multimedia application
 To get a clear idea about the traffic and Queuing systems.
 Interpret the basics of security management and the various attacks & its countermeasures
UNIT I SWITCHING ARCHITECTURES 9

Shared medium switches – Shared memory switches – Space division switches – Cross bar based
switching architecture – Input queued, Output queued and Combined input-output queued switches
– Non blocking and blocking cross bar switches – Banyan networks – Batcher Banyan networks –
Optical switches – Unbuffered and buffered switches – Buffering strategies – Optical packet
switches and Optical burst switches – MEMS optical switches
UNIT II NETWORK PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS 9

Objectives and requirements for Quality of Service (QoS) in high performance networks.
Architecture of high performance networks (HPN), design issues, protocols for HPN, VHF
backbone networks, virtual interface architectures, virtual interface for networking, High-speed
switching and routing - internet and PSTN IP switching techniques, SRP protocols, SRP
authentication, and key exchange, comparison of TCP/IP, FTP, TELNET, queuing systems,
network modeling as a graph
UNIT III MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING APPLICATIONS 9

Streaming stored Audio and Video, Best effort service, protocols for real time interactive
applications, Beyond best effort, scheduling and policing mechanism, integrated services, RSVP-
differentiated services.
UNIT IV PACKET QUEUES AND DELAY ANALYSIS 9

Littles theorem, Birth and Death process, queueing discipline- Control & stability -, Markovian FIFO
queueing system, Non-markovian - PollaczekKhinchin formula and M/G/1, M/D/1, self-similar
models and Batch-arrival model, Networks of Queues – Burkes theorem and Jackson Theorem.
UNIT V NETWORK SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT 9

Principles of cryptography – Elliptic-AES Authentication – integrity – key distribution and
certification– Access control and: fire walls – DoS-attacks and counter measures – security in
many layers.Infrastructure for network management – The internet standard management
framework – SMI, MIB,SNMP, Security and administration – ASN.1.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the fundamental concepts of the switching architecture involved in various
switching types
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CO2: Interpret the basics of various protocols and QOS in the network performance
CO3: Understand the various types of multimedia networking application
CO4: Recognize the concepts of various analysis method involved in the processing
CO5: Understand fundamental issues involved in providing the security as well as the
management.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Achille Pattavina, “Switching Theory Architectures and performance in Broadband ATM
networks”, John wiley & sons Ltd. New York, 2007.
2. Elhanany, Itamar, Hamdi and Mounir, “High Performance Packet Switching Architectures”,
Springer 2007
3. Walrand .J. Varatya, “High Performance Communication Network”, Morgan Kaufmann –
Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Edition, 2000.
4. Fred Halsall and Lingana Gouda Kulkarni, “Computer Networking and the Internet”, Fifth
Edition, Pearson Education, 2012.
5. Nader F.Mir, “Computer and Communication Networks”, Pearson Education, 2009.
AP4095 SIGNAL INTEGRITY FOR HIGH SPEED DESIGN L T PC

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To identify sources affecting the speed of digital circuits.
 To introduce methods to improve the signal transmission characteristics
UNIT I SIGNAL PROPAGATION ON TRANSMISSION LINES 9
Transmission line equations, wave solution, wave vs. circuits, initial wave, delay time,
Characteristic impedance , wave propagation, reflection, and bounce diagrams Reactive
terminations – L, C , static field maps of micro strip and strip line cross-sections, per unit length
parameters, PCB layer stackups and layer/Cu thicknesses, cross-sectional analysis tools, Zo and
Td equations for microstrip and stripline Reflection and terminations for logic gates, fan-out, logic
switching , input impedance into a transmission-line section, reflection coefficient, skin-effect,
dispersion.
UNIT II MULTI-CONDUCTOR TRANSMISSION LINES AND CROSS-TALK 9
Multi-conductor transmission-lines, coupling physics, per unit length parameters ,Near and far-end
cross-talk, minimizing cross-talk (stripline and microstrip) Differential signalling, termination,
balanced circuits ,S-parameters, Lossy and Lossless models.
UNIT III NON-IDEAL EFFECTS 9
Non-ideal signal return paths – gaps, BGA fields, via transitions , Parasitic inductance and
capacitance , Transmission line losses – Rs, tanδ , routing parasitic, Common-mode current,
differential-mode current , Connectors.
UNIT IV POWER CONSIDERATIONS AND SYSTEM DESIGN 9

SSN/SSO , DC power bus design , layer stack up, SMT decoupling ,, Logic families, power
consumption, and system power delivery , Logic families and speed Package types and parasitic
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,SPICE, IBIS models ,Bit streams, PRBS and filtering functions of link-path components , Eye
diagrams , jitter , inter-symbol interference Bit-error rate ,Timing analysis.
UNIT V CLOCK DISTRIBUTION AND CLOCK OSCILLATORS 9

Timing margin, Clock slew, low impedance drivers, terminations, Delay Adjustments, canceling
parasitic capacitance, Clock jitter.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course the student will be able to
CO1: identify sources affecting the speed of digital circuits.
CO2:identify methods to improve the signal transmission characteristics
CO3: characterise and model multiconductor transmission line
CO4: analyse clock distribution system and understand its design parameters
CO5: analyse nonideal effects of transmission line
REFERENCES
1. H. W. Johnson and M. Graham, High-Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic,
Prentice Hall, 1993.
2. Douglas Brooks, Signal Integrity Issues and Printed Circuit Board Design, Prentice Hall
PTR , 2003.
3. S. Hall, G. Hall, and J. McCall, High-Speed Digital System Design: A Handboo of
Interconnect Theory and Design Practices, Wiley-Interscience, 2000.
4. Eric Bogatin , Signal Integrity – Simplified , Prentice Hall PTR, 2003.
TOOLS REQUIRED
1. SPICE, source - http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/Software/software.html

2. HSPICE from synopsis, www.synopsys.com/products/ mixedsignal/hspice/hspice.html
3. SPECTRAQUEST from Cadence, http://www.specctraquest.com or any equivalent open
source tool
CU4001 WAVELETS AND SUBBAND CODING LT PC

3 0 03
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce the fundamentals concepts of wavelet transforms.
 To study system design using Wavelets
 To learn the different wavelet families & their applications.
 To study signal compression and sub-band coding
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO WAVELETS 9

Introduction to Multirate signal processing- Decimation and Interpolation, Quadrature Mirror
Filters, Subband coding, Limitations of Fourier transform, Short time Fourier transform and its
drawbacks, Continuous Wavelet transform, Time frequency representation, Wavelet System and
its characteristics, Orthogonal and Orthonormal functions and function space
UNIT II MULTIRESOLUTION CONCEPT AND DISCRETE WAVELET 9

TRANSFORM
Multiresolution formulation of wavelet systems- signal spaces, scaling function, wavelet function
32
and its properties, Multiresolution analysis, Haar scaling and wavelet function, Filter banks-
Analysis and Synthesis, 1D and 2D Discrete wavelet transform, Wavelet Packets, Tree structured
filter bank, Multichannel filter bank, Undecimated wavelet transform.
UNIT III WAVELET SYSTEM DESIGN 9

Refinement relation for orthogonal wavelet systems, Restrictions on filter coefficients, Design of
Daubechies orthogonal wavelet system coefficients, Design of Coiflet and Symlet wavelets.
UNIT IV WAVELET FAMILIES 9

Continuous Wavelets- Properties of Mexican hat wavelet, Morlet, Gaussian and Meyer wavelets.
Orthogonal wavelets- Properties of Haar wavelets, Daubechies wavelets, Symlets, Coiflets and
Discrete Meyer wavelets. Properties of Biorthogonal wavelets, Applications of wavelet families.
UNIT V SIGNAL COMPRESSION AND SUBBAND CODING 9

Compression Systems Based on Linear Transforms - Speech and Audio Compression - Image
Compression - Video Compression - Joint Source-Channel Coding
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Understand the fundamental concepts of wavelet transforms
CO2: Apprehend detailed knowledge about wavelet transform
CO3: Understand system design using wavelets
CO4: Compare different wavelet families
CO5: Analyze signal compression and sub-band coding
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. C.Sidney Burrus, Ramesh Gopinath & Haito Guo, “Introduction to wavelets and wavelet
transform”, Prentice Hall, 1998.
2. G.Strang and T.Nguyen, “Wavelet and filter banks”, Wesley and Cambridge Press, 1996.
3. Metin Akay, “Time frequency and wavelets in biomedical signal processing”, Wiley-IEEE
Press, October 1997.
4. M.Vetterli and J. Kovacevic, “Wavelets and sub band coding”, Prentice Hall, 1995.
5. .P.Vaidyanathan, “Multi rate systems and filter banks”, Prentice Hall 1993
6. Raguveer m Rao & Ajith S. Bopardikar, “Wavelet transforms – Introduction to theory and
applications”, Addison Wesley, 1998
7. S.Mallet, “A Wavelet tour of Signal Processing”, Academic Press 1998
MU4091 MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES LT PC

3 0 03
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the basic ideas of compression algorithms related to multimedia
components – Text, speech, audio, image and Video.
 To understand the principles and standards and their applications with an emphasis on
underlying technologies, algorithms, and performance.
 To appreciate the use of compression in multimedia processing applications
 To understand and implement compression standards in detail
33
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPRESSION 9
Introduction To multimedia – Graphics, Image and Video representations – Fundamental concepts
of video, digital audio – Storage requirements of multimedia applications – Need for compression –
Taxonomy of compression Algorithms - Elements of Information Theory – Error
Free Compression – Lossy Compression
UNIT II TEXT COMPRESSION 9

Huffman coding – Adaptive Huffman coding – Arithmetic coding – Shannon-Fano coding –
Dictionary techniques – LZW family algorithms.
UNIT III IMAGE COMPRESSION 9

Image Compression: Fundamentals –– Compression Standards – JPEG Standard – Sub-band
coding – Wavelet Based compression – Implementation using Filters – EZW, SPIHT coders –
JPEG 2000 standards – JBIG and JBIG2 standards.
UNIT IV AUDIO COMPRESSION 9


Audio compression Techniques – law, A-Law companding – Frequency domain and filtering –
Basic sub-band coding – Application to speech coding – G.722 – MPEG audio – progressive
encoding – Silence compression, Speech compression – Formant and CELP vocoders.
UNIT V VIDEO COMPRESSION 9

Video compression techniques and Standards – MPEG video coding: MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 video
coding: MPEG-3 and MPEG-4 – Motion estimation and compensation techniques – H.261
Standard – DVI technology – DVI real time compression – Current Trends in Compression
standards.
TOTAL :45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon Completion of the course, the students should be able to
CO1:Implement basic compression algorithms familiar with the use of MATLAB and its equivalent
open source environments
CO2:Design and implement some basic compression standards
CO3:Critically analyze different approaches of compression algorithms in multimedia related mini
projects.
CO4 : Understand the various audio,speech compression techniques
CO5 :Understand and implement MPEG video coding techniques.
REFERENCES
1. Khalid Sayood: Introduction to Data Compression”, Morgan Kauffman Harcourt India, Third
Edition, 2010.
2. David Solomon, “Data Compression – The Complete Reference”, Fourth Edition, Springer
Verlog, New York, 2006.
3. Yun Q.Shi, Huifang Sun, “Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering,
Algorithms and Fundamentals”, CRC Press, 2003.
4. Mark S. Drew, Ze-Nian Li, “Fundamentals of Multimedia”, PHI, 2009.
34
NC4251 COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS LTPC
3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Understand the fundamental concepts of cognitive radio networks.
 Develop the cognitive radio, as well as techniques for spectrum holes detection that
cognitive radio takes advantages in order to exploit it.
 Understand the functions of MAC layer and Network layer and its various protocols
 Understand fundamental issues regarding dynamic spectrum access, the radio-resource
management and trading
 Interpret the basics of security management and the various attacks & its countermeasures
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE RADIO 9

Cognitive Radio : Techniques and signal processing History and background, Communication
policy and Spectrum Management, Cognitive radio cycle, Cognitive radio architecture, SDR
architecture for cognitive radio, Spectrum sensing Single node sensing: energy detection, cyclo
stationary and wavelet based sensing- problem formulation and performance analysis based on
probability of detection Vs SNR. Cooperative sensing: different fusion rules, wideband spectrum
UNIT II SPECTRUM SENSING AND TRADING 9

Introduction –Spectrum Sensing – Multiband Spectrum Sensing – Sensing Techniques – Other
algorithms – Comparison – Performance Measure & Design Trade-Offs : Receiver operating
characteristics – Throughput Performance measure –Fundamental limits and trade-off. Introduction
to spectrum trading, classification to spectrum trading, radio resource pricing, brief discussion on
economics theories in DSA (utility, auction theory), classification of auctions (single auctions,
double auctions, concurrent, sequential)
UNIT III MAC PROTOCOLS AND NETWORK LAYER DESIGN 9

Functionality of MAC protocol in spectrum access –classification –Interframe spacing and MAC
challenges – QOS – Spectrum sharing in CRAHN –CRAHN models – CSMA/CA based MAC
protocols for CRAHN – Routing in CRN– Centralized and Distributed protocols – Geographical
Protocol
UNIT IV DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS AND MANAGEMENT 9

Spectrum broker, Dynamic spectrum access architecture- centralized dynamic spectrum access,
distributed dynamic spectrum access, Inter- and intra-RAN dynamic spectrum allocation, Spectrum
management, Spectrum sharing, Spectrum mobility issues
UNIT V TRUSTED COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS AND RESEARCH 9

CHALLENGES
Trust for CRN :Fundamentals – Models – Effects of Trust Management –Security properties in
CRN – Route Disruption attacks –Jamming attacks –PU Emulation attacks. Network layer and
transport layer issues, cross layer design for cognitive radio networks.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon the completion of the course, students will be able to
CO1: Understand the fundamental concepts of cognitive radio networks.
CO2: Interpret the basics of various spectrum sensing techniques and algorithms
CO3: Understand the functions of MAC layer and Network layer and its various protocols
CO4: Recognize the concepts of cooperative spectrum sensing and handoff process
35
CO5: Understand fundamental issues regarding dynamic spectrum access, the radio-resource
management and trading, as well as a number of optimization techniques for better spectrum
exploitation.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Cognitive Radio, Software Defined Radio and Adaptive Wireless Systems”, Hüseyin Arslan,
Springer, ISBN 978-1-4020-5541-6 (HB), 2007.
2. Linda Doyle, “Essentials of Cognitive Radio”, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
3. Kwang-Cheng Chen, Ramjee Prasad, “Cognitive radio networks”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
2009.
4. Cognitive Radio Technology”, by Bruce A. Fette, Elsevier, ISBN 10: 0-7506-7952-2, 2006.
5. Alexander M. Wyglinski, Maziar Nekovee, and Y. Thomas Hou, “Cognitive Radio
Communications and Networks - Principles and Practice”, Elsevier Inc., 2010.
CU4074 LT PC
SPEECH PROCESSING
3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce speech production and related parameters of speech.
 To illustrate the concepts of speech signal representations and coding.
 To understand different speech modeling procedures such Markov and their
implementation issues.
 To gain knowledge about text analysis and speech synthesis.
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF SPEECH PROCESSING 9

Introduction – Spoken Language Structure – Phonetics and Phonology – Syllables and Words –
Syntax and Semantics – Probability, Statistics and Information Theory – Probability Theory –
Estimation Theory – Significance Testing – Information Theory.
UNIT II SPEECH SIGNAL REPRESENTATIONS AND CODING 9

Overview of Digital Signal Processing – Speech Signal Representations – Short time Fourier
Analysis – Acoustic Model of Speech Production – Linear Predictive Coding – Cepstral Processing
– Formant Frequencies – The Role of Pitch – Speech Coding – LPC Coder, CELP, Vocoders.
UNIT III SPEECH RECOGNITION 9

Hidden Markov Models – Definition – Continuous and Discontinuous HMMs – Practical Issues –
Limitations. Acoustic Modeling – Variability in the Speech Signal – Extracting Features – Phonetic
Modeling – Adaptive Techniques – Confidence Measures – Other Techniques.
UNIT IV TEXT ANALYSIS 9

Lexicon – Document Structure Detection – Text Normalization – Linguistic Analysis – Homograph
Disambiguation – Morphological Analysis – Letter-to-sound Conversion – Prosody – Generation
schematic – Speaking Style – Symbolic Prosody – Duration Assignment – Pitch Generation
UNIT V SPEECH SYNTHESIS 9

Attributes – Formant Speech Synthesis – Concatenative Speech Synthesis – Prosodic Modification
of Speech – Source-filter Models for Prosody Modification – Evaluation of TTS Systems.
36
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Model speech production system and describe the fundamentals of speech.
CO2: Extract and compare different speech parameters.
CO3: Choose an appropriate statistical speech model for a given application.
CO4: Design a speech recognition system.
CO5: Use different text analysis and speech synthesis techniques.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Ben Gold and Nelson Morgan, “Speech and Audio Signal Processing, Processing and
Perception of Speech and Music”, Wiley- India Edition, 2006
2. Claudio Becchetti and Lucio Prina Ricotti, “Speech Recognition”, John Wiley and Sons,
1999.
3. Daniel Jurafsky and James H Martin, “Speech and Language Processing – An Introduction
to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition”,
Pearson Education, 2002.
4. Frederick Jelinek, “Statistical Methods of Speech Recognition”, MIT Press, 1997.
5. Lawrence Rabiner and Biing-Hwang Juang, “Fundamentals of Speech Recognition”,
6. Steven W. Smith, “The Scientist and Engineer‟s Guide to Digital Signal Processing”,
California Technical Publishing, 1997.
7. Thomas F Quatieri, “Discrete-Time Speech Signal Processing – Principles and Practice”,
CU4002 L T PC
mm WAVE COMMUNICATION
3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the fundamentals of Millimeter wave devices and circuits.
 To understand the various components of Millimeter wave Communications system.
 To know the antenna design at Millimeter wave frequencies.

Millimeter wave characteristics- millimeter wave wireless, implementation challenges, Radio wave
propagation for mm wave: Large scale propagation channel effects, small scale channel effects,
Outdoor and Indoor channel models, Emerging applications of millimeter wave communications.
UNIT II mm WAVE DEVICES AND CIRCUITS 9

Millimeter wave generation and amplification: Peniotrons, Ubitrons, Gyrotrons and Free electron
lasers. HEMT, models for mm wave Transistors, transistor configurations, Analog mm wave
components: Amplifiers, Mixers, VCO, PLL. Metrics for analog mm wave devices, Consumption
factor theory, Trends and architectures for mm wave wireless, ADC’s and DAC’s.
UNIT III mm WAVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 9

Modulations for millimeter wave communications: OOK, PSK, FSK, QAM, OFDM, Millimeter wave
link budget, Transceiver architecture, Transceiver without mixer, Receiver without Oscillator,
Millimeter wave calibration, production and manufacture, Millimeter wave design considerations.
37
UNIT IV mm WAVE MIMO SYSTEMS 9
Massive MIMO Communications, Spatial diversity of Antenna Arrays, Multiple Antennas, Multiple
Transceivers, Noise coupling in MIMO system, Potential benefits for mm wave systems, Spatial,
Temporal and Frequency diversity, Dynamic spatial, frequency and modulation allocation.
UNIT V ANTENNAS FOR MM WAVE SYSTEMS 9
Antenna beamwidth, polarization, advanced beam steering and beam forming, mm wave design
consideration, On-chip and In package mm wave antennas, Techniques to improve gain of on-chip
antennas, Implementation for mm wave in adaptive antenna arrays, Device to Device
communications over 5G systems, Design techniques of 5G mobile.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course the student will be able to
CO1: understand the Millimeter wave characteristics and implementation challenges faced.
CO2: understand Millimeter devices and circuits
CO3: apply his knowledge on the Modulation techniques for millimeter wave communications
CO4: design antenna for Millimeter wave frequencies
CO5: Familiar with Millimeter wave technology
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. K.C. Huang, Z. Wang, "Millimeter Wave Communication Systems", Wiley-IEEE Press,
March 2011.
2. Robert W. Heath, Robert C. Daniel, James N. Theodore S. Rappaport, Murdock,
"Millimeter Wave Wireless Communication", Prentice Hall, 2014.
3. Xiang, W; Zheng, K; Shen, X.S; "5G Mobile Communications: Springer, 2016.
CU4003 ANALOG AND MIXED SIGNAL VLSI DESIGN LT PC

3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To study the concepts of MOS large signal model and small signal model
 To understand the concepts of D/A conversion methods and their architectures.
 To learn filters for ADC.
 To study about the switched capacitor circuits.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND BASIC MOS DEVICES 9

Challenges in analog design-Mixed signal layout issues- MOSFET structures and characteristics
large signal and small signal model of single stage Amplifier-Source follower- Common gate stage
– Cascode Stage – large and small signal analysis of differential amplifier with active load, pole-
zero estimation, zero value time constant method, frequency response of CS, cascade and
Cascode amplifiers
UNIT II SUBMICRON CIRCUIT DESIGN 9

Submicron CMOS process flow, Capacitors and resistors, Current mirrors, Digital Circuit Design,
Delay Elements – Adders- OP Amp parameters and Design
UNIT III DATA CONVERTERS 9

Static and dynamic errors in DAC and ADC – Architectures & Characteristics of Sample and
38
HoldDigital to Analog Converters- DAC- R-2R, weighted DAC, multiplying DAC, segmented DAC
and sigma delta DAC. ADC – Flash ADC, pipelined ADC, successive approximation ADC, sigma
delta ADC.
UNIT IV SNR IN DATA CONVERTERS 9

Overview of SNR of Data Converters- Clock Jitters- Improving Using Averaging – Decimating
Filters for ADC- Band pass and High Pass Sinc Filters- Interpolating Filters for DAC
UNIT V SWITCHED CAPACITOR CIRCUITS 9

Resistors, First order low pass Circuit, Switched capacitor Amplifier, Switched Capacitor Integrator
– Design of flip around sample and hold circuit – pipelined ADC.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course , the student will be able to
CO1: Understand the Basic MOS devices characteristics & Analyze their frequency responses
CO2: Design submicron circuit.
CO3: Apply his knowledge on the DAC & ADC conversions.
CO4: Analyze the SNR in Data converters.
CO5: Design and analyze switched capacitor circuits
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. J. Jacob Wikner, Mikael Gustavsson, Nianxiong Tan “CMOS Data Converters for
Communications” Springer, 2000.
2. Van de Plassche, Rudy J., “CMOS Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog
Converters” Springer, 2003.
CU4075 ULTRA WIDE BAND COMMUNICATIONS LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To give fundamental concepts related to Ultra wide band
 To understand the channel model and signal processing for UWB.
 To acquire knowledge about UWB antennas and regulations.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO UWB 9

History, Definition, FCC Mask, UWB features, Benefits and challenges, UWB Interference: IEEE
802.11.a Interference, Signal to Interference ratio calculation, Interference with other wireless
services.
UNIT II UWB TECHNOLOGIES AND CHANNEL MODELS 9

Impulse Radio, Pulsed Multiband, Multiband OFDM, features : Complexity, Power Consumption,
Security and achievable data rate. MIMO Multiband OFDM, Differential multiband OFDM,
Performance characterization, Ultra Wide Band Wireless Channels
Channel model: Impulse Response Modeling of UWB Wireless Channels, IEEE UWB channel
model, Path loss, Delay profiles, Time and frequency modeling.
UNIT III UWB SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Data Modulation schemes, UWB Multiple Access Modulation, BER, Rake Receiver, Transmit-
39
Reference (T-R) Technique, UWB Range- Data Rate Performance, UWB Channel Capacity, UWB
Wireless Locationing: Position Locationing Methods, Time of Arrival Estimation, NLOS Location
Error , Locationing with OFDM
UNIT IV UWB ANTENNAS 9

Antenna Requirements, Radiation Mechanism of the UWB Antennas, Types of Broad band
antennas, Parameters, Analysis of UWB Antennas, Link Budget for UWB System. Design
examples of broad band UWB antennas.
UNIT V UWB APPLICATIONS AND REGULATIONS 9

Ultra wideband receiver architecture, Wireless Ad hoc Networking, UWB Wireless Sensor, RFID,
Consumer Electronics and Personal, Asset Location, Medical applications, UWB Regulation and
standards in various countries , UWB Regulation in ITU, IEEE Standardization
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion the students will be able to
CO1: Understand the basic concepts of UWB ..
CO2: Understand the basic concepts of UWB technologies.
CO3: Assess the performance of UWB channels.
CO4: Apply the UWB signal processing
CO5: Design UWB antenna for various applications.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Homayoun Nikookar and Ramjee Prasad, “Introduction to Ultra Wideband for Wireless
Communications”1st Edition, Springer Science & Business Media B.V. 2010.
2. Thomas Kaiser, Feng Zheng “Ultra Wideband Systems with MIMO”, 1st Edition, John Wiley
& Sons Ltd, New York, 2010.
3. W. Pam Siriwongpairat and K. J. Ray Liu, “Ultra-Wideband Communications Systems:
Multiband OFDM approach” John Wiley and IEEE press, New York 2008.
4. Huseyin Arslan,Zhi Ning Chen,Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto “Ultra Wideband Wireless
communication” Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition 2006.
CU4076 VLSI FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the concepts of basic wireless communication concepts.
 To study the parameters in receiver and low noise amplifier design.
 To study the various types of mixers designed for wireless communication.
 To study and design PLL and VCO.
 To understand the concepts of transmitters and power amplifiers in wireless
communication.
UNIT I COMMUNICATION CONCEPTS 9

Introduction – Overview of Wireless systems – Standards – Access Methods – Modulation
schemes – Classical channel – Wireless channel description – Path loss – Multipath fading –
Standard Translation.
40
UNIT II RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE & LOW NOISE AMPLIFIERS 9
Receiver front end – Filter design – Non-idealities – Design parameters – Noise figure & Input
intercept point. LNA Introduction – Wideband LNA design – Narrow band LNA design: Impedance
matching & Core amplifier.
UNIT III MIXERS 9

Balancing Mixer - Qualitative Description of the Gilbert Mixer - Conversion Gain – Distortion –
Noise - A Complete Active Mixer. Switching Mixer – Distortion, Conversion Gain & Noise in
Unbalanced Switching Mixer - A Practical Unbalanced Switching Mixer. Sampling Mixer -
Conversion Gain, Distortion, Intrinsic & Extrinsic Noise in Single Ended Sampling Mixer.
UNIT IV FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZERS 9

PLL – Phase detector – Dividers – Voltage Controlled Oscillators – LC oscillators – Ring
Oscillators – Phase noise – Loop filters & design approaches – A complete synthesizer design
example (DECT) – Frequency synthesizer with fractional divider.
UNIT V TRANSMITTER ARCHITECTURES & POWER AMPLIFIERS 9

Transmitter back end design – Quadrature LO generator – Power amplifier design.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student should be able to
CO1: Able to recollect basic wireless communication concepts.
CO2: To understand the parameters in receiver and design a low noise amplifier
CO3: In a position to apply his knowledge on various types of mixers designed for wireless
communication.
CO4: Design PLL and VCO
CO5: Understand the concepts of transmitters and utilize the power amplifiers in wireless
communication.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Bosco H Leung “VLSI for Wireless Communication”, Pearson Education, 2002.
2. B.Razavi ,”RF Microelectronics” , Prentice-Hall ,1998.
3. Behzad Razavi, “Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits” McGraw-Hill, 1999.
4. Emad N Farag and Mohamed I Elmasry, “Mixed Signal VLSI wireless design – Circuits &
Systems”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
5. J. Crols and M. Steyaert, “CMOS Wireless Transceiver Design,” Boston, Kluwer Academic
Pub., 1997.
6. Thomas H.Lee, “The Design of CMOS Radio – Frequency Integrated Circuits”, Cambridge
University Press ,2003.
41
LTP C
VL4073 MEMS AND NEMS
3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 to introduce the concepts of Micro Electro Mechanical devices.
 to know the fabrication process of microsystems.
 to know the design concepts of micro sensors and micro actuators.
 to familiarize concepts of Quantum Mechanics and Nano systems.
UNIT I OVERVIEW 9
New trends in Engineering and Science: Micro and Nanoscale systems, introduction to design of
MEMS and NEMS, MEMS and NEMS – applications, devices and structures. Materials for MEMS:
Silicon, Silicon compounds, polymers, metals
UNIT II MEMS FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES 9

Microsystem Fabrication Processes: Photolithography, Ion Implantation, Diffusion, Oxidation. Thin
Film Depositions: LPCVD, Sputtering, Evaporation, Electroplating; Etching Techniques: Dry and
Wet Etching, Electrochemical Etching; Micromachining: Bulk Micromachining, Surface
Micromachining, High Aspect- Ratio (LIGA and LIGA-Like) Technology; Packaging: Microsystems
Packaging, Essential Packaging Technologies, Selection of Packaging Materials
UNIT III MICRO SENSORS 9

MEMS Sensors: Design of Acoustic Wave Sensors, Resonant Sensor, Vibratory Gyroscope,
Capacitive and Piezo Resistive Pressure Sensors- Engineering Mechanics Behind These
Microsensors. Case Study: Piezo-Resistive Pressure Sensor.
UNIT IV MICRO ACTUATORS 9

Design of Actuators: Actuation Using Thermal Forces, Actuation Using Shape Memory Alloys,
Actuation Using Piezoelectric Crystals, Actuation using Electrostatic Forces (Parallel Plate, Torsion
Bar, Comb Drive Actuators), Micromechanical Motors and Pumps. Case Study: Comb Drive
Actuators.
UNIT V NANOSYSTEMS AND QUANTUM MECHANICS 9

Atomic Structures and Quantum Mechanics, Molecular and Nanostructure Dynamics: Schrodinger
Equation and Wave Function Theory, Density Functional Theory, Nanostructures and Molecular
Dynamics, Electromagnetic Fields and their Quantization, Molecular Wires and Molecular Circuits
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able to:
CO1:Discuss micro sensors
CO2:Explain micro actuators
CO3:Outline nanosystems and Quantum mechanics
CO4:Design micro actuators for different applications
CO5:Analyze atomic structures
REFERENCES
1. Chang Liu, “Foundations of MEMS”, Pearson Education India Limited, 2006.
2. Marc Madou, “Fundamentals of Microfabrication”, CRC Press 1997.
3. Stephen D. Senturia,” Micro System Design”, Kluwer Academic Publishers,2001
42
4. Sergey Edward Lyshevski, “MEMS and NEMS: Systems, Devices, and Structures” CRC
Press, 2002.
5. Tai Ran Hsu ,”MEMS and Microsystems Design and Manufacture” ,Tata Mcraw Hill, 2002.
CU4004 ADVANCED ANTENNA DESIGN LTPC

3 003
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the antenna radiation characteristics and arrays.
 To enhance the student knowledge in the area of various antenna design.
 To enhance the student knowledge in the area of antenna for practical applications.
UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS 9

Physical concept of radiation, Radiation pattern, near- and far-field regions, reciprocity, directivity
and gain, effective aperture, polarization, input impedance, efficiency, Friis transmission equation,
radiation integrals and auxiliary potential functions.
UNIT II THIN LINEAR ANTENNAS AND ARRAYS 9

Infinitesimal dipole, finite-length dipole, linear elements near conductors, dipoles for mobile
communication, small circular loop, N-Element Linear Array, Antenna element spacing without
grating lobes, Linear broadside array with non-uniform distributions, Gain of regularly spaced
planar arrays with d = λ/2, Tchebyscheff Array antennas.
UNIT III SECONDARY SOURCES AND APERTURE ANTENNAS 9

Magnetic currents, Duality, Images of electric and magnetic currents, electric and magnetic
currents as sheet sources, Impressed and induced current sources, Induction and equivalence
theorems, Field of a secondary or Huygens source, Radiation from open end of a coaxial line,
Radiation through an aperture in conducting screen, slot antenna.
UNIT IV EFFECT OF MUTUAL COUPLING ON ANTENNAS 9

Accounting for mutual effects for dipole array compensation using open-circuit voltages,
compensation using the minimum norm formulation, Effect of mutual coupling- constant Jammers,
Constant Signal, Compensation of mutual coupling- constant Jammers, Constant Signal, Result of
different elevation angle.
UNIT V ADAPTIVE ARRAY CONCEPT 9

Motivation of using Adaptive Arrays, Adaptive Array problem statement, Signal Environment, Array
Element Spacing considerations, Array Performance, Concept of optimum Array Processing,
Recursive Methods for Adaptive Error Processing.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able to
CO1:Acquire the knowledge about basic antenna parameters.
CO2:Theoretically analyze wire antennas and arrays.
CO3:Identify secondary sources, aperture, broadband and frequency independent antennas.
CO4:Apply the knowledge of mutual coupling on antennas, applications and numerical techniques.
CO5:Acquire brief knowledge about adaptive array concept.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
43
REFERENCES
1. Balanis, C., Antennas, John Wiley and sons (2007) 3rd
2. Milligan, Thomas A., Modern Antenna Design 2nd edition, IEEE press, Wiley Interscience
(2005).
3. David B. Davidson, Computational Electromagnetics for RF and Microwave Engineering,
Cambridge University Press 2005.
4. Neelakanta, Perambur S., and Chatterjee, Rajeswari, Antennas for Information Super
Skyways: An Exposition on Outdoor and Indoor Wireless Antennas, Research Studies
Press Ltd. (2004).
5. Godara, Lal Chand, Smart Antennas, CRC Press (2004).
6. Munk, Ben A., Finite Antenna Arrays and FSS, John Wiley and Sons (2003).
CU4005 SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIOS LT PC

3 00 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To learn various design principles of software defined radio.
 To understand challenges of receiver design.
 To design smart antennas for SDR.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE RADIO CONCEPTS 9

SDR concepts & history, Benefits of SDR, SDR Forum, Ideal SDR architecture, SDR Based End-
to-End Communication, Worldwide frequency band plans, Aim and requirements of the SCA.
Architecture Overview, Functional View, Networking Overview, Core Framework, Real Time
Operating Systems.
UNIT II RADIO FREQUENCY IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES 9

Purpose of RF front – end, Dynamic range, RF receiver front – end topologies, Enhanced flexibility
of the RF chain with software radios, Importance of the components to overall performance,
Transmitter architectures and their issues, Noise and distortion in the RF chain, ADC & DAC
distortion, Pre-distortion, Flexible RF systems using micro-electromechanical systems.
UNIT III MULTIRATE SIGNAL PROCESSING IN SDR 9

Sample rate conversion principles, Polyphase filters, Digital filter banks, Timing recovery in digital
receivers using multirate digital filters.
UNIT IV SMART ANTENNAS 9

Smart antennas, Adaptive techniques, Phased array antennas, Applying SDR principles to antenna
systems, Smart antenna architectures, Low Cost SDR Platform, Requirements and system
architecture, Convergence between military and commercial systems, The Future For Software
Defined Radio.
UNIT V OBJECT ORIENTED REPRESENTATION OF RADIOS AND 9

NETWORK
Networks, Object –oriented programming, Object brokers, Mobile application environments, Joint
Tactical radio system. Case Studies in Software Radio Design: SPEAKeasy, JTRS, Wireless
Information transfer system, SDR-3000 digital transceiver subsystem, Spectrum Ware, Brief
introduction to Cognitive Networking. Processing, Recursive Methods for Adaptive Error
Processing.
44
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able to
CO1: Demonstrate advanced knowledge in the evolving paradigm of Software defined radio and
technologies for its implementation.
CO2: Analyse complex problems critically in the domains of Radio frequency implementation
issues,
CO3: Apply multirate signal processing in SDR
CO4: Implement Smart antenna techniques for better spectrum exploitation for conducting
research.
CO5: Apply appropriate techniques for the development of scientific and technological knowledge
in designing software defined radios.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Jeffrey Hugh Reed, “Software Radio: A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering,” Prentice
Hall Professional, 2002.
2. Paul Burns, “Software Defined Radio for 3G,” Artech House, 2002.
3. Tony J Rouphael, “RF and DSP for SDR,” Elsevier Newnes Press, 2008
4. P. Kenington, “RF and Baseband Techniques for Software Defined Radio,” Artech House,
2005.
5. Dillinger, Madani, Alonistioti (Eds.), Software Defined Radio, Architectures, Systems and
Functions, Wiley, 2003
6. Bard, Kovarik, Software Defined Radio, the Software Communications Architecture, Wiley,
2007
CU4073 IMAGE PROCESSING AND VIDEO ANALYTICS LT PC

3 02 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To comprehend the relation between human visual system and machine perception and
processing of digital images
 To provide a detailed approach towards image processing applications like enhancement,
segmentation, and compression.
 To also explore the integration principles of communication system working with different
sampling rates.
 To analysis the fundamentals of digital image processing, image and video analysis
 To present the mathematics and algorithms that underlie image analysis techniques.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS 9

Introduction: Introduction & Applications, Elements of visual perception, Image sensing and
acquisition, simple image formation, Image sampling and Quantization, Representing digital pixels,
Image quality, Introduction to colour image – RGB and HSI Models.
Image enhancement in Spatial domain: Introduction to image enhancement, basic grey level
transforms, Histogram, Histogram-processing equalization, Matching & colour histogram,
Enhancement using arithmetic/logic operations, spatial filtering, Smoothing spatial filtering,
Sharpening spatial filtering.
UNIT II IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES 9

Image Enhancement: Spatial Domain methods: Histogram Processing, Fundamentals of Spatial
45
Filtering, Smoothing Spatial filters, Sharpening Spatial filters Frequency Domain methods: Basics
of filtering in frequency domain, image smoothing, image sharpening, selective filtering Image
Segmentation: Segmentation concepts, point, line and Edge detection, Thresholding, region based
segmentation
UNIT III VIDEO PROCESSING AND MOTION ESTIMATION 9

Analog video, Digital Video, Time varying Image Formation models : 3D motion models, Geometric
Image formation , Photometric Image formation, sampling of video signals, filtering operations 2-D
Motion Estimation: Optical flow, general methodologies, pixel based motion estimation, Block
matching algorithm, Mesh based motion Estimation, global Motion Estimation, Region based
motion estimation, multi resolution motion estimation. Waveform based coding, Block based
transform coding, predictive coding, Application of motion estimation in video coding.
UNIT IV INTRODUCTION: VIDEO ANALYTICS 9

Computer Vision: Challenges- Spatial Domain Processing – Frequency Domain Processing-
Background Modeling-Shadow Detection-Eigen Faces - Object Detection -Local Features-Mean
Shift: Clustering, Tracking - Object Tracking using Active Contours – Tracking & Video Analysis-
Kalman filters, condensation, particle, Bayesian filters, hidden Markov models, change detection
and model based tracking
UNIT V MOTION UNDERSTANDING 9

Motion estimation and Compensation-Block Matching Method, Motion Segmentation -Thresholding
for Change Detection, Estimation of Model parameters - Optical Flow Segmentation-Modified
Hough Transform Method- Segmentation for Layered Video Representation-Bayesian
Segmentation -Simultaneous Estimation and Segmentation-Motion Field Model - Action
Recognition - Low Level Image Processing for Action Recognition
45 PERIODS
1. Perform basic operations on images like addition, subtraction etc.
2. Plot the histogram of an image and perform histogram equalization
3. Implement segmentation algorithms
4. Perform video enhancement
5. Perform video segmentation
6. Perform image compression using lossy technique
7. Perform image compression using lossless technique
8. Perform image restoration
9. Convert a colour model into another
10. Calculate boundary features of an image
11. Calculate regional features of an image
12. Detect an object in an image/video using template matching/Bayes classifier
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Explore of the limitations of the computational methods on digital images.
CO2: Implement the spatial and frequency domain image transforms on enhancement and
restoration of images
CO3: Define the need for compression and evaluate the basic compression algorithms
CO4: Study the techniques to recover the desired signal parameters and information from the
signal corrupted by noisy channel
46
CO5:Understand the algorithms available for performing analysis on video data and address the
challenges
CO6: Understand the approaches for identifying and tracking objects and person with motion
based algorithms.
REFERENCES
1. Digital Image Processing - Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, 3rd Edition, Pearson,
2008
2. John J. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing”, Pearson Education,
2002.
3. Digital Image Processing and Analysis-Human and Computer Vision Application with using
CVIP Tools - Scotte Umbaugh, 2nd Ed, CRC Press, 2011
4. John C. Russ, F. Brent Neal-The Image Processing Handbook, Seventh Edition, The Kindle
edition (2016), CRC Press,Taylor & Francis Group.
5. John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, “Communication Systems Engineering”, Prentice Hall,
1994.
6. Richard Szeliski, “Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications”, Springer, 2011.
7. Yao Wang, JornOstermann and Ya-Qin Zhang, “Video Processing and Communications”,
Prentice Hall, 2001.
DS4071 RADAR SIGNAL PROCESSIN LTPC

302 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the Radar Signal acquisition and sampling in multiple domains
 To provide clear instruction in radar DSP basics
 To equip the skills needed in both design and analysis of common radar algorithms
 To understand the basics of synthetic aperture imaging and adaptive array processing
 To illustrate how theoretical results are derived and applied in practice
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO RADAR SYSTEMS 9

History and application of radar, basic radar function, elements of pulsed radar,review of signal
processing concepts and operations, A preview of basic radar signal processing, radar system
components, advanced radar signal processing
UNIT II SIGNAL MODELS 9

Components of a radar signal, amplitude models, types of clutters, noise model and signal-to
noise ratio, jamming, frequency models: the doppler shift, spatial models, spectral model
UNIT III SAMPLING AND QUANTIZATION OF PULSED RADAR SIGNALS 9

Domains and criteria for sampling radar signals, Sampling in the fast time dimension,Sampling in
slow time: selecting the pulse repetition interval, sampling the doppler spectrum, Sampling in the
spatial and angle dimension, Quantization, I/Q Imbalance and Digital I/Q.
UNIT IV RADAR WAVEFORMS 9

Introduction, The waveform matched filter, Matched filtering of moving targets, The ambiguity
function, The pulse burst waveform, frequency-modulated pulse compression waveforms, Range
sidelobe control for FM waveforms, the stepped frequency waveform, Phase-modulated pulse
compression waveforms, COSTAS Frequency Codes.
47
UNIT V DOPPLER PROCESSING 9
Alternate forms of the Doppler spectrum, Moving target indication (MTI), Pulse Doppler
processing, dwell-to-dwell stagger, Pulse pair processing, additional Doppler processing issues,
clutter mapping and the moving target detector, MTI for moving platforms: adaptive displaced
phase center antenna processing

1.Matched filtering operation
2.Modeling the Propagation of Radar Signals
3.Modeling of radar targets
4. Density-based algorithm for clustering data.
5.MTI radar design, target detection in noise
6.Estimation of bearing angle in noise, clutter modelling
7.Frequency modulated radar signal generation
8.Doppler shift Signal strength
9.SNR loss measurement in pulse compression
10.detection performance of a radar system
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: perform radar signal acquisition and sampling
CO2: perform algorithm on radar processing
CO3 :design basic radar algorithm
CO4: design on aperture imaging and array processing
CO5: Illustrate theoretical results are derived and applied in practice
REFERENCES
1. Michael O Kolawole, "Radar systems, Peak Detection and Tracking", Elseveir. 2003
2. Introduction To Radar Systems 3/E, Skolnik, McGraw Hill. 2017
3. Radar Principles, Peyton Z. Peebles, Wiley India 2009
4. And Marvin N. Cohen, Fred E. Nathanson, Radar Design Principles-Signal Processing and
the environment PHI, 2nd edition, 2006.
EL4291 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM MODELING AND SIMULATION LTPC

3 024
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To enable the student to understand the various aspects of simulation methodology and
performance
 To appreciate the significance of selecting sampling frequency and modeling different types
of signals and processing them
 To expose the student to the different simulation techniques, their pros and cons and enable
him to understand and interpret results using case studies
UNIT I SIMULATION METHODOLOGY 9

Introduction, Aspects of methodology, Performance Estimation, Simulation sampling frequency, Low
pass equivalent simulation models for bandpass signals, Multicarrier signals, Non-linear and time-
varying systems, Post processing – Basic graphical techniques and estimations
48
UNIT II RANDOM SIGNAL GENERATION & PROCESSING 9
Uniform random number generation, Mapping uniform random variables to an arbitrary pdf,
Correlated and Uncorrelated Gaussian random number generation, PN sequence generation,
Random signal processing, Testing of random number generators.
UNIT III MONTE CARLO SIMULATION 9

Fundamental concepts, Application to communication systems, Monte Carlo integration, Semi -
analytic techniques, Case study: Performance estimation of a wireless system
UNIT IV ADVANCED MODELS & SIMULATION TECHNIQUES 9

Modeling and simulation of non-linearities : Types, Memoryless non-linearities, Non-linearities with
memory, Modeling and simulation of Time varying systems : Random process models, Tapped delay
line model, Modeling and simulation of waveform channels, Discrete memoryless channel models,
Markov model for discrete channels with memory.
UNIT V EFFICIENT SIMULATION TECHNIQUES 9

Tail extrapolation, pdf estimators, Importance Sampling methods, Case study: Simulation of a
Cellular Radio System.
PRACTICALS:
1. Study the spectrum of response of linear and non-linear systems for single tone input
2. Generation of OFDM (multicarrier) signal and plot the spectrum (RF and Low pass equivalent)
3. Generation of uniform / Gaussian random numbers and verification of their probability
distribution, autocorrelation and spectrum
4. Generation of uncorrelated and correlated random processes and verification of cross-
correlations
5. Generation of PN sequence and verification of properties and spectrum.
6. Application of Monte Carlo simulation for estimation of BER of a wireless communication link
7. Study the impact of non-linearity of amplifier on transmitter symbol constellation with the help of
Saleh model
8. Studying the effect of time invariant (slow fading) frequency selecting channel with the help of
symbol constellation
9. Studying the effect of time variant flat fading (memoryless) channel with the help of symbol
constellation
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course the student will be able to:
CO1: Understand the different signal generation and processing methods
CO2: Mathematically model a physical phenomena.
CO3: Simulate a phenomena so as to depict the characteristics that may be observed in a real
experiment.
CO4: Apply knowledge of the different simulation techniques for designing a communication system
or channel
CO5: Validate a simulated system performance so as to match a realistic scenario
REFERENCES
1. William.H.Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugam, Theodore. S. Rappaport, Kurt L. Kosbar, Principles
of Communication Systems Simulation, Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd, 2004.
2. M.C. Jeruchim, P.Balaban and K. Sam Shanmugam, Simulation of Communication Systems:
49
Modeling, Methodology and Techniques, Plenum Press, New York, 2001.
3. Averill.M.Law and W. David Kelton, Simulation Modeling and Analysis, McGraw Hill Inc.,
2000.
4. Geoffrey Gorden, System Simulation, Prentice Hall of India, 2nd Edition, 1992.
5. Jerry Banks and John S. Carson, Discrete Event System Simulation, Prentice Hall of India,
1984.
EL4072 SIGNAL DETECTION AND ESTIMATION LTPC

3 024
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the concepts of detection and estimation.
 To learn the basics of multi-user detection theory
 To understand the theory behind various estimation techniques.
 To understand Wiener filter and Kalman filter in detail.
UNIT I REVIEW OF PROBABILITY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESS 9

Conditional Probability, Bayes' Theorem , Random Variables, Conditional Distributions and
Densities, moments and distribution of random variables., Stationary Processes Cyclostationary
Processes Averages and Ergodicity Autocorrelation Function Power Spectral Density Discrete
Time Stochastic Processes, Spatial Stochastic Processes, Random Signals, Relationship of Power
Spectral Density and Autocorrelation Function.
UNIT II SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SAMPLE DETECTION 9

Hypothesis Testing and the MAP Criterion, Bayes Criterion, Minimax Criterion, Neyman-Pearson
Criterion, Sequential Detection, The Optimum Digital Detector in Additive Gaussian Noise ,
Performance of Binary Receivers in AWGN.
UNIT III FUNDAMENTALS OF ESTIMATION THEORY 9

Formulation of the General Parameter Estimation Problem, Relationship between Detection and
Estimation Theory, Types of Estimation Problems, Properties of Estimators, Bayes estimation,
Minimax Estimation, Maximum-Likelihood Estimation, Comparison of Estimators of Parameters.
UNIT IV WIENER AND KALMAN FILTERS 9

Orthogonality Principle, Autoregressive Techniques, Discrete Wiener Filter, Continuous Wiener
Filter, Generalization of Discrete and Continuous Filter Representations , Linear Least-Squares
Methods, Minimum-Variance Weighted Least-Squares Methods, Minimum-Variance, Least
Squares, Kalman Algorithm - Computational Considerations, Signal Estimation, Continuous
Kalman Filter, Extended Kalman Filter.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS 9
Detector Structures in Non-Gaussian Noise , Examples of Noise Models, Receiver Structures, and
Error-Rate Performance, Estimation of Non-Gaussian Noise Parameters Fading Multipath Channel
Models, Receiver Structures with Known Channel Parameters, Receiver Structures without
Knowledge of Phase, Receiver Structures without Knowledge of Amplitude or Phase, Receiver
Structures and Performance with No Channel Knowledge.
50
PRACTICALS: PERIOD – 30
Suggested List of Experiments
Software Requirement: Matlab / Python / Equivalent
1. Power Spectrum Estimation of a Random Signal
2. Maximum Likelihood Estimation
3. Design of optimum receiver in AWGN channel
4. Wiener Filter Design
5. Adaptive Filter Design using LMS algorithm
6. Minimum Variance Estimation
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course the student will be
CO1:Able to understand the importance of probability and stochastic process concepts in
detection and estimation.
CO2: Able to design optimum detector and estimator for AWGN channel
CO3: Able to design and analyze the various estimators.
CO4: Able to design Wiener and Kalman filters to solve linear estimation problems.
CO5: Able to design and develop novel receiver structures suitable for modern technology.
TOTAL:75 PERIODS
REFERENCES
1. Harry L. Van Trees, "Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory", Part I John Wiley and
Sons, New York, 2004.
2. Ludeman, Lonnie C. Random processes: filtering, estimation, and detection. John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 2003
3. Sergio Verdu “ Multi User Detection” Cambridge University Press, 1998
4. Steven M. Kay, "Fundamentals of Statistical Processing, Volume I: Estimation Theory”,
Prentice Hall Signal Processing Series, Prentice Hall, PTR, NewJersy, 1993.
5. Thomas Schonhoff, "Detection and Estimation Theory”, Prentice Hall, NewJersy, 2007.
LT PC
VE4072 REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
3 02 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the basics of embedded system and ARM architecture
 To understand the RTOS concepts like scheduling and memory management related to the
embedded system
 To learn about the programming aspects of RTOS
 To learn the different protocols of embedded wireless application
 To understand concepts involved in the design of hardware and software components for an
embedded system
Real Time System – Embedded Systems – Architecture of Embedded System – Simple Programming
for Embedded System – Process of Embedded System Development – Pervasive Computing –
Information Access Devices – Smart Cards – Microcontrollers – ARM Processor -Real Time
Microcontrollers.
51
UNIT II EMBEDDED/REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM 9
Operating System Concepts: Processes, Threads, Interrupts, Events - Real Time Scheduling
Algorithms - Memory Management – Overview of Operating Systems for Embedded, Real Time
Handheld Devices – Target Image Creation – Programming In Linux, Rtlinux, Vxworks,
Microcontroller Operating System Overview.
UNIT III CONNECTIVITY 9

Wireless Connectivity - Bluetooth – Other Short Range Protocols – Wireless Application Environment
– Service Discovery – Middleware.
UNIT IV REAL TIME UML 9

The Rapid Object-Oriented Process for Embedded Systems (ROPES) Process. MDA and Platform-
Independent Models- Scheduling Model-Based Projects- Model Organization Principles- Working with
Model-Based Projects - Object Orientation with UML 2.0-Structural Aspects-Object Orientation with
UML 2.0-Dynamic Aspects-UML Profile for Schedulability, Performance, and Time. Requirements
Analysis – Object Identification Strategies – Object Behaviour – Real Time Design Patterns.
UNIT V SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION 9

Concurrency – Exceptions – Tools – Debugging Techniques – Optimization –Interfacing Digital
Camera With USB Port. Interfacing of Sensors and Actuators for a Real Time Industrial Application.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
1. Read Input From Switch And Automatic Control/Flash LED for ARM Processor
2. Laboratory Exercises On Task Scheduling
3. Simple Program In Linux, Rtlinux And Vxworks
4. Develop a Real Time Security Monitoing System
COURSE OUTCOMES:
On successful completion of this course, students will be able to
CO1:Make a choice of suitable embedded processor for a given application
CO2:Design the hardware and software for the embedded system
CO3:Design and develop the real time kernel/operating system functions, task control block structure
and analyze different task states
CO4:Implement different types of inter task communication and synchronization techniques
CO5:Know about the aspects embedded connectivity in real time systems
REFERENCES:
1. R.J.a.Buhr, D.L.Bailey, “An Introduction To Real-Time Systems”, Prentice-Hall International,1999.
2. David E-Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, Pearson Education, 2007.
3. C.M.Krishna, Kang G.Shin, “Real Time Systems”, Mc-Graw Hill, 2010.
4. B.P.Douglass, “Real Time Uml - Advances In the UML for Real-Time Systems, 3rd Edition
Addison-Wesley, 2004.
5. K.V.K. Prasad, “Embedded/Real Time Systems: Concepts, Design And Programming”, Dream
Tech Press, Black Book, 2005.
52
6. R.Barnett, L.O.Cull, S.Cox, “Embedded C Programming and the Microchip PIC ”, Thomason
Learning, 2004.
7. Wayne Wolf, “Computers As Components - Principles of Embedded Computer System Design”,
Mergen Kaufmann Publisher, 2006.
8. Sriram V Iyer, Pankaj Gupta, “Embedded Real Time Systems Programming”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill,
2004.
AUDIT COURSES
AX4091 ENGLISH FOR RESEARCH PAPER WRITING L T PC

2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Teach how to improve writing skills and level of readability
 Tell about what to write in each section
 Summarize the skills needed when writing a Title
 Infer the skills needed when writing the Conclusion
 Ensure the quality of paper at very first-time submission
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH PAPER WRITING 6

Planning and Preparation, Word Order, Breaking up long sentences, Structuring Paragraphs and
Sentences, Being Concise and Removing Redundancy, Avoiding Ambiguity and Vagueness
UNIT II PRESENTATION SKILLS 6

Clarifying Who Did What, Highlighting Your Findings, Hedging and Criticizing, Paraphrasing and
Plagiarism, Sections of a Paper, Abstracts, Introduction
UNIT III TITLE WRITING SKILLS 6

Key skills are needed when writing a Title, key skills are needed when writing an Abstract, key
skills are needed when writing an Introduction, skills needed when writing a Review of the
Literature, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, The Final Check
UNIT IV RESULT WRITING SKILLS 6

Skills are needed when writing the Methods, skills needed when writing the Results, skills are
needed when writing the Discussion, skills are needed when writing the Conclusions
UNIT V VERIFICATION SKILLS 6

Useful phrases, checking Plagiarism, how to ensure paper is as good as it could possibly be the
first- time submission
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1 –Understand that how to improve your writing skills and level of readability
CO2 – Learn about what to write in each section
CO3 – Understand the skills needed when writing a Title
CO4 – Understand the skills needed when writing the Conclusion
CO5 – Ensure the good quality of paper at very first-time submission
REFERENCES:
1. Adrian Wallwork , English for Writing Research Papers, Springer New York Dordrecht
Heidelberg London, 2011
2. Day R How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper, Cambridge University Press 2006
53
3. Goldbort R Writing for Science, Yale University Press (available on Google Books) 2006
4. Highman N, Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical Sciences, SIAM. Highman’s book
1998.
AX4092 DISASTER MANAGEMENT L T P C

2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Summarize basics of disaster
 Explain a critical understanding of key concepts in disaster risk reduction and
humanitarian response.
 Illustrate disaster risk reduction and humanitarian response policy and practice from
multiple perspectives.
 Describe an understanding of standards of humanitarian response and practical relevance
in specific types of disasters and conflict situations.
 Develop the strengths and weaknesses of disaster management approaches
Disaster: Definition, Factors and Significance; Difference between Hazard And Disaster; Natural
and Manmade Disasters: Difference, Nature, Types and Magnitude.
UNIT II REPERCUSSIONS OF DISASTERS AND HAZARDS 6

Economic Damage, Loss of Human and Animal Life, Destruction Of Ecosystem. Natural
Disasters: Earthquakes, Volcanisms, Cyclones, Tsunamis, Floods, Droughts And Famines,
Landslides And Avalanches, Man-made disaster: Nuclear Reactor Meltdown, Industrial Accidents,
Oil Slicks And Spills, Outbreaks Of Disease And Epidemics, War And Conflicts.
UNIT III DISASTER PRONE AREAS IN INDIA 6

Study of Seismic Zones; Areas Prone To Floods and Droughts, Landslides And Avalanches;
Areas Prone To Cyclonic and Coastal Hazards with Special Reference To Tsunami; Post-Disaster
Diseases and Epidemics
UNIT IV DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT 6

Preparedness: Monitoring Of Phenomena Triggering a Disaster or Hazard; Evaluation of Risk:
Application of Remote Sensing, Data from Meteorological And Other Agencies, Media Reports:
Governmental and Community Preparedness.
UNIT V RISK ASSESSMENT 6
Disaster Risk: Concept and Elements, Disaster Risk Reduction, Global and National Disaster Risk
Situation. Techniques of Risk Assessment, Global Co-Operation in Risk Assessment and
Warning, People’s Participation in Risk Assessment. Strategies for Survival
TOTAL : 30 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Ability to summarize basics of disaster
CO2: Ability to explain a critical understanding of key concepts in disaster risk reduction and
humanitarian response.
CO3: Ability to illustrate disaster risk reduction and humanitarian response policy and practice
from multiple perspectives.
CO4: Ability to describe an understanding of standards of humanitarian response and practical
relevance in specific types of disasters and conflict situations.
CO5: Ability to develop the strengths and weaknesses of disaster management approaches
54
REFERENCES:
1. Goel S. L., Disaster Administration And Management Text And Case Studies”,Deep &
Deep Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,2009.
2. NishithaRai, Singh AK, “Disaster Management in India: Perspectives, issues and
strategies “’NewRoyal book Company,2007.
3. Sahni, PardeepEt.Al. ,” Disaster Mitigation Experiences And Reflections”, Prentice Hall
OfIndia, New Delhi,2001.
AX4093 CONSTITUTION OF INDIA L T P C

2 0 0 0
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
Students will be able to:
 Understand the premises informing the twin themes of liberty and freedom from a civil
rights perspective.
 To address the growth of Indian opinion regarding modern Indian intellectuals’
constitutional
 Role and entitlement to civil and economic rights as well as the emergence nation hood in
the early years of Indian nationalism.
 To address the role of socialism in India after the commencement of the Bolshevik
Revolutionin1917and its impact on the initial drafting of the Indian Constitution.
UNIT I HISTORY OF MAKING OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

History, Drafting Committee, (Composition & Working)
UNIT II PHILOSOPHY OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Preamble, Salient Features
UNIT III CONTOURS OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES

Fundamental Rights, Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to
Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies, Directive
Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties.
UNIT IV ORGANS OF GOVERNANCE

Parliament, Composition, Qualifications and Disqualifications, Powers and Functions, Executive,
President, Governor, Council of Ministers, Judiciary, Appointment and Transfer of Judges,
Qualifications, Powers and Functions.
UNIT V LOCAL ADMINISTRATION

District’s Administration head: Role and Importance, Municipalities: Introduction, Mayor and role
of Elected Representative, CEO, Municipal Corporation. Pachayati raj: Introduction, PRI: Zila
Pachayat. Elected officials and their roles, CEO Zila Pachayat: Position and role. Block level:
Organizational Hierarchy(Different departments), Village level:Role of Elected and Appointed
officials, Importance of grass root democracy.
UNIT VI ELECTION COMMISSION

Election Commission: Role and Functioning. Chief Election Commissioner and Election
Commissioners - Institute and Bodies for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC and women.
55
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Students will be able to:
 Discuss the growth of the demand for civil rights in India for the bulk of Indians before the
arrival of Gandhi in Indian politics.
 Discuss the intellectual origins of the framework of argument that informed the
conceptualization
 of social reforms leading to revolution in India.
 Discuss the circumstances surrounding the foundation of the Congress Socialist
Party[CSP] under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and the eventual failure of the
proposal of direct elections through adult suffrage in the Indian Constitution.
 Discuss the passage of the Hindu Code Bill of 1956.
SUGGESTED READING
1. The Constitution of India,1950(Bare Act),Government Publication.
2. Dr.S.N.Busi, Dr.B. R.Ambedkar framing of Indian Constitution,1st Edition, 2015.
3. M.P. Jain, Indian Constitution Law, 7th Edn., Lexis Nexis,2014.
4. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis, 2015.
AX4094 நற் றமிழ் இலக்கியம் L T P C

2 0 0 0
UNIT I சங் க இலக்கியம் 6

1. தமிழின் துவக்க நூல் ததொல் கொப் பியம்
– எழுத்து, த ொல் , தபொருள்
2. அகநொனூறு (82)
- இயற் கக இன்னிக அரங் கம்
3. குறிஞ் சிப் பொட்டின் மலர்க்கொட்சி
4. புறநொனூறு (95,195)
- பபொகர நிறுத்திய ஒளகவயொர்
UNIT II அறநநறித் தமிழ் 6

1. அறதநறி வகுத்த திருவள் ளுவர்
- அறம் வலியுறுத்தல் , அன்புகடகம, ஒப் புறவு அறிதல் , ஈகக,
புகழ்
2. பிற அறநூல் கள் - இலக்கிய மருந்து
– ஏலொதி, சிறுபஞ் மூலம் , திரிகடுகம் , ஆ ொரக்பகொகவ
(தூய் கமகய வலியுறுத்தும் நூல் )
UNIT III இரட்டடக் காப் பியங் கள் 6

1. கண்ணகியின் புரட்சி
- சிலப் பதிகொர வழக்குகர கொகத
2. மூகப கவ இலக்கியம் மணிபமககல
- சிகறக்பகொட்டம் அறக்பகொட்டமொகிய கொகத
56
UNIT IV அருள் நநறித் தமிழ் 6
1. சிறுபொணொற் றுப் பகட
- பொரி முல் கலக்குத் பதர் தகொடுத்தது, பபகன் மயிலுக்குப்
பபொர்கவ தகொடுத்தது, அதியமொன் ஒளகவக்கு தநல் லிக்கனி
தகொடுத்தது, அர ர் பண்புகள்
2. நற் றிகண
- அன்கனக்குரிய புன்கன சிறப் பு
3. திருமந்திரம் (617, 618)
- இயமம் நியமம் விதிகள்
4. தர்ம ் ொகலகய நிறுவிய வள் ளலொர்
5. புறநொனூறு
- சிறுவபன வள் ளலொனொன்
6. அகநொனூறு (4) - வண்டு

நற் றிகண (11) - நண்டு
கலித்ததொகக (11) - யொகன, புறொ
ஐந்திகண 50 (27) - மொன்
ஆகியகவ பற் றிய த ய் திகள்
UNIT V நவீன தமிழ் இலக்கியம் 6

1. உகரநகடத் தமிழ் ,
- தமிழின் முதல் புதினம் ,
- தமிழின் முதல் சிறுககத,
- கட்டுகர இலக்கியம் ,
- பயண இலக்கியம் ,
- நொடகம் ,
2. நொட்டு விடுதகல பபொரொட்டமும் தமிழ் இலக்கியமும் ,
3. முதொய விடுதகலயும் தமிழ் இலக்கியமும் ,
4. தபண் விடுதகலயும் விளிம் பு நிகலயினரின் பமம் பொட்டில் தமிழ்
இலக்கியமும் ,
5. அறிவியல் தமிழ் ,
6. இகணயத்தில் தமிழ் ,
7. சுற் று சூ
் ழல் பமம் பொட்டில் தமிழ் இலக்கியம் .
TOTAL : 30 PERIODS
தமிழ் இலக்கிய நெளியீடுகள் / புத்தகங் கள்

1. தமிழ் இகணய கல் விக்கழகம் (Tamil Virtual University)
- www.tamilvu.org
2. தமிழ் விக்கிப் பீடியொ (Tamil Wikipedia)
-https://ta.wikipedia.org
3. தர்மபுர ஆதீன தவளியீடு
4. வொழ் வியல் களஞ் சியம்
57
- தமிழ் ப் பல் ககலக்கழகம் , தஞ் ொவூர்
5. தமிழ் ககலக் களஞ் சியம்
- தமிழ் வளர் சி
் த் துகற (thamilvalarchithurai.com)
6. அறிவியல் களஞ் சியம்
- தமிழ் ப் பல் ககலக்கழகம் , தஞ் ொவூர்
58

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ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

NON- AUTONOMOUS COLLEGES AFFILIATED ANNA UNIVERSITY

1. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs):

Apply technical knowledge and skills to have successful career in industry,

2. PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

An ability to independently carry out research/investigation and development

TOTAL NO. OF CREDITS: 75

SEMESTER III, ELECTIVE III

SEMESTER III, ELECTIVE IV

Registration for any of these courses is optional to students

FOUNDATION COURSES (FC)

PROFESSIONAL CORE COURSES (PCC)

EMPLOYABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSES (EEC)

NAME OF THE PROGRAMME: M.E. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Sl. CREDITS CREDITS

UNIT – I LINEAR ALGEBRA 12

UNIT – II PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES 12

UNIT – III RANDOM PROCESSES 12

UNIT – IV QUEUEING THEORY 12

UNIT – V LINEAR PROGRAMMING 12

RM4151 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND IPR L T P C

UNIT I RESEARCH DESIGN 6

UNIT II DATA COLLECTION AND SOURCES 6

UNIT III DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORTING 6

UNIT IV INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 6

DS4152 STATISTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C

UNIT I DISCRETE RANDOM SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

UNIT II PARAMETER ESTIMATION THEORY 9

UNIT III SPECTRUM ESTIMATION 9

UNIT IV SIGNAL MODELING AND OPTIMUM FILTERS 9

UNIT V ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9

EL4151 MODERN DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS L T PC

UNIT I COHERENT AND NON-COHERENT COMMUNICATION 9

UNIT II EQUALIZATION TECHNIQUES 9

UNIT III BLOCK CODED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9

UNIT IV CONVOLUTIONAL CODED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9

UNIT V MULTICARRIER AND MULTIUSER COMMUNICATIONS 9

CU4151 ADVANCED WIRELESS COMMUNICATION LT P C

UNIT I WIRELESS CHANNEL PROPAGATION AND MODEL 9

UNIT II CAPACITY OF WIRELESS CHANNELS 9

UNIT III DIVERSITY 9

UNIT IV MIMO COMMUNICATIONS 9

UNIT V MULTI USER SYSTEMS 9

CU4152 RADIATING SYSTEMS L T P C

UNIT I ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS & WIRE ANTENNAS 9

UNIT II ANTENNA ARRAYS 9

UNIT III APERTURE ANTENNAS 9

UNIT IV MODERN ANTENNAS & MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 9

UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN ANTENNA DESIGN 9

EL4161 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS L T P C

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS (MATLAB/SCILAB/CABVIEW)

CU4161 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C

CU4251 RF SYSTEM DESIGN LT PC

UNIT I BASICS OF RADIO FREQUENCY SYSTEM DESIGN 9

UNIT II RADIO ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 9

UNIT III AMPLIFIER MODELING AND ANALYSIS 9

UNIT IV MIXER AND OSCILLATOR MODELING AND ANALYSIS 9

UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF SYSTEMS DESIGN 9

CU4201 MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LTPC

UNIT I PLANAR TRANSMISSION LINES AND COMPONENTS 9