LAB 1 INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING SOFTWARE (ERDAS IMAGINE)

Image Display and Cursor Operations Objective - To introduce basic ERDAS IMAGINE display and screen cursor control procedures.

PART 1 : Introduction to ERDAS IMAGINE 1. Launch IMAGINE by going to the Start Menu - Remote Sensing - ERDAS IMAGINE . Examine the icon panel along the top of the screen. You have the option of displaying the icon panel horizontally across the top of the screen or vertically down the left side of the screen using the [Session I Flip Icons] menu item.

- Five menu items located along the top of the icon panel in the left corner: - [Session] - controls many of the session settings such as user preferences and configuration options. - [Main] - allows access to all the modules located along the icon panel. - [Tools] - allows you to display and edit annotation, image, and vector information, access surface draping capabilities, manage post script and true type fonts, convert coordinates, and view Erdas Macro Language (EML) script files. - [Utilities] - allows access to a variety of compression and conversion algorithms including JPEG, ASCII, image to annotation, and annotation to raster. - [Help]- brings up the IMAGINE On-Line Documentation as well as icon panel and version information

Part II - Image Display Image: Landsat TM 1. Click IMAGINE Viewer and select the File dropdown menu and choose file folder .

2. Select [File I Open ( Raster Layer] to get to the Select Layer to Add: dialog.
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You can also type [Ctrl R] or click on the Viewer icon that looks like a manila folder that is half open to accomplish the same task. Additional Viewers may be opened by clicking the [Viewer] icon on the IMAGINE icon panel.

3. Choose the image from the folder (e.g : *. Img) The file name should appear in the file name window in the Viewer.

4. Click on the [Raster Options] folder tab and assign: You need to assign the spectral bands of the image to the color planes red, green, blue (RGB). and click OK

Example: - band 3 (Red) to red, - band 2 (Green) to green, - band 1 (Blue) to blue. This display will shows [True Color) band combination 5. You also have the option of making the image fit the Viewer frame and click right mouse button and choose Fit image to Window.
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6. To find out additional information about this image, go to the [Utility] drop down menu in the open Viewer. 7. Choose [Layer Info] and wait for the Imagelnfo dialog box to appear. You can also access Imagelnfo by clicking on the "info" icon in the Viewer icon menu. 8. Exit the Imagelnfo dialog box by choosing [Close] under the [File] drop down menu and return to the IMAGINE Viewer#1. 9. Select the [Three Layer Arrangement] under the [Open] option. Choose *.img from IMAGINE file to display once again. 10. In the [Options] folder, set the display as [True Color] and set the [Layers to Color] equal to Red = 3, Green = 2, and Blue = 1 (RGB = 3, 2, 1) and click [OK]. This will open the color composite in Viewer #1 and each of the individual bands in grayscale mode in three other viewers.

Part III - Cursor, Magnification, and Overlay Operations 1. Open the file *.img the same way you opened the first image and assign Red = Band 3 (NIR), Green = Band 2 (red), and Blue = Band 1 (green). Make sure you click the [Fit to Frame] box before opening it. 2. To magnify (or reduce) an image, the easiest option is to use the Interactive Zoom In (or Interactive Zoom Out) tools that are located immediately above the image in the gray Viewer area. The area over which you place the cursor will be the general center for the area that is magnified or 3. You can select [Zoom] under the [View] menu or [Quick View] menu and then select the appropriate choice. When you choose Zoom in by X or Zoom out by X you can also choose the interpolation method. 4. When you have completed your selection click [OK] and the magnified image will appear. 5. Another method of explicitly specifying the zoom factor is under the [Raster Options] feature when you open a file. When [Fit to Frame] is not highlighted, you can enter in the [Zoom by] factor in the lower left hand corner.

6. Finally, you also have the ability to change the frame scale of the image. The process can be implemented using the [View I Scale] option. The icon with the hand also gives you panning capabilities within the Viewer.

PART IV: To Determine the Coordinates and Brightness Values The inquire cursor allows you to do this. 1. Go into IMAGINE Viewer and click right mouse button and select [Inquire Cursor].

2. A pixel information menu will be open that allows you to move a crosshair cursor on the Viewer. 3. You can use the black arrows to move the crosshair cursor in any pixel increment you set. For now leave the increment at 1.00 and note that the increment is variable between the file and map coordinate system. You can move the crosshair cursor using the black arrows or by pressing and holding the Imb while the mouse cursor touches the crosshair cursor. For "fine tuning" use the keyboard arrows to move the cursor. The black circle will move the crosshair cursor back to the center of the Viewer.

4. Reference system values for the image can be obtained in either Map, Paper, File, or LatlLon, or MGRS coordinates. 5. The table shows the R,G,B pixel brightness values for both the image file (File Pixel) and the color lookup table (LUT Value). 6. Move the Viewer Cursor and notice how the values change. To move the Inquire Cursor using the mouse you must initially place the arrow cursor at the center of the crosshairs and click and drag to move the Inquire Cursor.

Part V : - Spectral and Spatial Profile Tools 1. Open the image *. img with RGB = 4,3,2. When the image is displayed, click on the [Start Profile Tools] icon in the Viewer toolbar.

2. Another way to access the Profile Tools is to go to [Raster I Profile Tools] in the Viewer menu bar. Select [Spectral] and click [OK].

3. After that click on [Edit I Chart Options]. You can change to any value for X-axis and Yaxis. [Apply], then close the Chart Options dialog box. from the Spectral Profile Window, place three or more 4. Using the crosshair icon spectral profile points( e.g Forest, Water, Open land etc) at the file coordinates

5. Now open the Spatial Profile tool by clicking on the [Start Profile Tools] icon in the Viewer toolbar or go to [Raster I Profile Tools] in the Viewer menu bar. 6. Select [Spatial] and click [OK]. When the Spatial Profile tool appears, click on the polyline icon .

7. Draw a polyline on the image in the Viewer. Single-click to set vertices and double-click to set an endpoint. The default is to view one band at a time. View different bands by incrementing the Plot Layer option up or down to the band you want to view. To view multiple bands simultaneously in the profile chart, select [Edit I Plot Layers] in the Spatial Profile Tool. 8. When the Band Combination dialog opens, add the layers you want to view by selecting each band one at a time and clicking on the [Add Selected Layer] icon (top icon). Then click [Apply] and close the dialog. Now briefly answer the remaining questions: PART VI : To Close or Exit ERDAS Imagine 1. From [Session] menu choose the [Close All Viewers] option. 2. From [Session] menu select [Quit]. 3. Logoff from your machine.

By using image pkl210291rso Answer the following questions: 1. What are the information regarding the image being displayed? (Hint: Utility, Layer Info.) 2. How many bands are there in the dataset. Describe each band. 3. How many rows and columns of the dataset. 4. Write down the lowest and highest digital numbers for each band? 5. What type of resolutions being displayed in the layer information? 6. What is the total area of the dataset? 7. What is the Projection, Spheroid and datum of the dataset? Do you think this information is important? Why? 8. Display and sketch the histogram for each band. Comment on the shape of the histogram. 9. Try displaying different band combinations (e.g. 321, 123, 543, 453, 432, 741) and answer the following questions a) If you want to study water features, which band combinations would you prefer? b) If you want to study vegetation features, which band combinations would you prefer? c) If you want to study land features, which band combinations would you prefer? d) If you want to study linear features, which band combinations would you prefer? e) After applying and trying several band combinations, which bands combination would you prefer when displaying Lansat TM imagery? Justify. 10. By using a profile tool (Hint: Raster, Profile Tool), select vegetation, water and bare soil/open land features and display the spectral reflectance curve of the features and give your comment of the reflectance curve being displayed.