Iso 16111 - 2018

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STANDARD
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INTERNATIONAL
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Hydrogen absorbed in reversible
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Transportable gas storage devices —
Appareils de stockage de gaz transportables — Hydrogène absorbé

16111
© ISO 2018
Reference number
ISO
Second edition
ISO 16111:2018(E)
2018-08
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ISO 16111:2018(E)
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COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

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© ISO 2018
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
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on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
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ISO copyright office

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Fax: +41 22 749 09 47

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Email: copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland
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© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16111:2018(E)
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Contents
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Foreword...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
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Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. vi
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1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
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2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
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3 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
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4 Service conditions................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
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4.1 Pressures....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
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4.1.1 Maximum developed pressure (MDP)........................................................................................................... 4
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4.1.2 Rated charging pressure (RCP)............................................................................................................................ 4
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4.1.3 Stress level at MDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
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4.2 Rated capacity........................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
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4.3 Temperature ranges............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
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4.3.1 Operating temperature range................................................................................................................................ 5
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4.3.2 Service temperature range....................................................................................................................................... 5
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4.4 Environmental conditions.............................................................................................................................................................. 5
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4.5 Service life.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
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4.6 Hydrogen quality.................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

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4.7 Special service conditions.............................................................................................................................................................. 5

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5 Design considerations..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
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5.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
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5.2 Material selection.................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

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5.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
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5.2.2 External surfaces.............................................................................................................................................................. 6

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5.2.3 Compatibility........................................................................................................................................................................ 6
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5.2.4 Temperature......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
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5.3 Shell design................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

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5.3.1 Shells with internal volume greater than 120 ml................................................................................. 6

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5.3.2 Shells with internal volume of 120 ml or less......................................................................................... 7

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5.4 Design strength........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7

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5.5 Overpressure and fire protection............................................................................................................................................ 7

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5.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
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5.5.2 PRD activation pressure............................................................................................................................................. 8

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5.5.3 PRD activation temperature.................................................................................................................................... 8

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5.6 Loading of hydrogen absorbing alloy................................................................................................................................... 8

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5.7 Shut-off valves.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

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5.7.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
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5.7.2 MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml.......................................................... 8

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5.7.3 MH assemblies with internal volume of 120 ml or less.................................................................. 9

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5.7.4 Integral shut-off valve protection.................................................................................................................... 10

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5.7.5 Removable shut-off valve protection............................................................................................................ 10

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5.8 Actively cooled MH assemblies............................................................................................................................................... 10

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5.9 Particulate containment............................................................................................................................................................... 10

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6 Inspection and testing..................................................................................................................................................................................10

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6.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
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6.2 Type/qualification tests................................................................................................................................................................ 10

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6.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
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6.2.2 Fire test.................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

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6.2.3 Initial burst tests for MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less.. 13
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6.2.4 Drop or impact test...................................................................................................................................................... 13

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6.2.5 Leak test................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

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6.2.6 Hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test................................................................................. 17

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6.2.7 Shut-off valve impact test....................................................................................................................................... 21

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ISO 16111:2018(E)
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6.2.8 Thermal cycling test.................................................................................................................................................... 22
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6.2.9 Type test reports............................................................................................................................................................ 23
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6.3 Batch tests................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23
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6.3.1 General requirements................................................................................................................................................ 23
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6.3.2 Burst test for shell-batch........................................................................................................................................ 24
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6.3.3 MDP Test for hydride-batch................................................................................................................................. 24
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6.4 Routine tests and inspections.................................................................................................................................................. 24
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6.4.1 Routine tests...................................................................................................................................................................... 24
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6.4.2 Certificates of manufacture.................................................................................................................................. 24
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7 Marking, labelling, and documentation.....................................................................................................................................25
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7.1 Marking....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
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7.2 Labelling..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
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7.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
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7.2.2 Hazards associated with the solid materials......................................................................................... 25
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7.2.3 Labelling concerning removable valve protection............................................................................ 25
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7.2.4 Temperature warning labelling......................................................................................................................... 25
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8 Documentation accompanying the product...........................................................................................................................26
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8.1 Safety data sheets............................................................................................................................................................................... 26
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8.2 User's or operating manual........................................................................................................................................................ 26
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8.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
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8.2.2 Initial fill and refill procedures.......................................................................................................................... 26

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Annex A (informative) Material compatibility for hydrogen service................................................................................28

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Annex B (normative) Environmental tests...................................................................................................................................................31

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Annex C (informative) Type approval certificate...................................................................................................................................37

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Annex D (informative) Acceptance certificate..........................................................................................................................................39

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Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42
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ISO 16111:2018(E)
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Foreword
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ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
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electrotechnical standardization.
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
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different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
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editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
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any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). itt
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Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
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constitute an endorsement.
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For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
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World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso
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.org/iso/foreword.html.
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This document was prepared by ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies.

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This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16111:2008), which has been technically
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revised.
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The following clauses have been modified with respect to the previous edition: 2; 3.4; 3.5; 3.9; 3.10;
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3.11; 3.12; 3.13; 3.14; 3.15; 3.16; 3.17; 3.18; 3.19; 3.20; 3.21; 3.22; 4.1; 4.3; 5.2.1; 5.3; 5.5; 5.8; 6.2; 6.3; 7.2;
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8.1 and Annex D.

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The main changes compared to the previous edition concern the following:
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— service temperature conditions have been described in further detail (4.3.2);

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— shell design has been extended to ISO 11119-3 standard reference (5.3);
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— drop test conditions have been modified (6.2.4);

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— acceptance criteria have been modified for leak testing (6.2.5);

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— hydrogen cycling conditions have been modified (6.2.6);

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— new warning labelling has been proposed (7.2);

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— information in safety data sheets has been updated (8.1).

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Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

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Introduction
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As the utilization of gaseous hydrogen evolves from the chemical industry into various emerging
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applications, such as fuel for fuel cells and internal combustion engines and other specialty hydrogen
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applications, the importance of new and improved storage techniques has become essential. One of
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these techniques employs the absorption of hydrogen into specially formulated alloys. The material
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can be stored and transported in a solid form, and the hydrogen later released and used under specific
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thermodynamic conditions. This document describes the service conditions, design criteria, type tests,
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batch tests and routine tests for transportable hydride-based hydrogen storage systems, referred to as
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“metal hydride assemblies” (MH assemblies). Types of MH assemblies may serve as: fuel cell cartridges;
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hydrogen fuel storage containers; high-purity hydrogen supplies as well as other uses.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16111:2018(E)
for
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Transportable gas storage devices — Hydrogen absorbed
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in reversible metal hydride
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1 Scope
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This document defines the requirements applicable to the material, design, construction, and testing of
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transportable hydrogen gas storage systems, referred to as “metal hydride assemblies” (MH assemblies)
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which utilize shells not exceeding 150 l internal volume and having a maximum developed pressure
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(MDP) not exceeding 25 MPa.
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This document is applicable to refillable storage MH assemblies where hydrogen is the only transferred
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media. It is not applicable to storage MH assemblies intended to be used as fixed fuel-storage onboard
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hydrogen fuelled vehicles.
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2 Normative references n
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The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
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constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
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undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
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ISO 7225, Gas cylinders — Precautionary labels

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ISO 7866, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless aluminium alloy gas cylinders — Design, construction
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and testing
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ISO 9809-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
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Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1 100 MPa
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Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1 100 MPa
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Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders

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ISO 10297:2014, Gas cylinders — Cylinder valves — Specification and type testing

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ISO 11114-1, Gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents — Part 1:
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Metallic materials
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ISO 11114-2, Gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents — Part 2:
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Non-metallic materials
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ISO 11114-4, Transportable gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas
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contents — Part 4: Test methods for selecting steels resistant to hydrogen embrittlement
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ISO 11119-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
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testing — Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
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ISO 11119-2:2012, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction
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and testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l with
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load-sharing metal liners

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ISO 11119-3, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
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testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L with non-
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load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners

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ISO 16111:2018(E)
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ISO 14246, Gas cylinders — Cylinder valves — Manufacturing tests and examinations
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ISO 14687 (all parts), Hydrogen fuel — Product specification
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ISO 16528-1, Boilers and pressure vessels — Part 1: Performance requirements
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UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: Model Regulations
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3 Terms and definitions
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For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
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— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
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— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
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3.1
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absorbed, adj. itt
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taken and held through the formation of chemical bonds within the bulk of the material
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burst pressure
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se
str
highest pressure reached in an MH assembly during a burst test

en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
3.3
s
ard
Co
design stress limit

nl
nd
e a se o
total stress loading allowed on the shell wall

or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
Note 1 to entry: In MH assemblies, the shell design takes into account the gas pressure plus other stresses, such
42
as pressure exerted by expansion of the hydrogen absorbing alloy.

s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
3.4
rds
hu
fuel cartridge
Co
da
nT
tan
MH assembly, which stores hydrogen for use as a fuel in a fuel cell through a valve(s) that controls the
ME 9 for
3o
dS
discharge of fuel into the fuel cell

1
-09
20
u A e an
3.5
04
tte
full flow capacity pressure

pr
of
mi
rs
gas pressure at which the pressure relief device is fully open to have the maximum gas flow
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
3.6
mm 3 on
fo
eM
hydrogen absorbing alloy

19
itte
ers 4 20
material capable of reacting with hydrogen gas to form a reversible metal hydride
ME
r0
3.7
of
Co
Ap
internal component
to
hu
structure, matrix, material or device contained within the shell (excluding hydrogen gas, hydrogen
ed
em
nT
ns
absorbing alloy and metal hydride)

e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
Note 1 to entry: Internal components may be used for purposes such as heat transfer, preventing movement of
t
mi
nly
the hydrogen absorbing alloy/metal hydride and/or to prevent excessive stress on the shell walls due to hydride
M
om
of
expansion.
us
rs
be
t
lia
3.8
d
em
se
tra
internal volume
en
us
e o ee M
water capacity of the shell

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
2
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
3.9
tte
of
Ap
mi
maximum developed pressure
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
MDP
Th
em
highest gas gauge pressure developed internally to an MH assembly at rated capacity and equilibrium
mm 3 on
fo
eM
under normal service conditions or normal operating conditions, whichever is greater
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
Note 1 to entry: The MDP term was specifically selected for MH assemblies to avoid confusion with the maximum
r0
allowable working pressure (MAWP) and the service pressure used in other ISO International Standards.
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
3.10
b
ed
em
nT
metal hydride
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
solid material formed by reaction between hydrogen and hydrogen absorbing alloy
tte
.L
-0
mi
3.11
nl y
ME
eo
metal hydride assembly
of
C
us
MH assembly
rs
o
be
dt
lia
single complete hydrogen storage system, including shell, metal hydride, pressure relief device (PRD),
em
se
tra
shut‑off valve, other appurtenances and internal components
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
Note 1 to entry: The MH assembly extends only to, and including, the first shut-off valve.
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
Note 2 to entry: A fuel cell cartridge is a type of MH assembly.
oC
us
3.12
nd
dt
ea
se
normal operating conditions

str
en
itte
Au
range of pressures, MH assembly external shell temperatures, hydrogen flow rates, hydrogen quality,
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
etc., specified for all use and filling operations

ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
3.13
or
9f
normal service conditions

u
nd
01
mm tralia
range of pressures and environmental temperatures, specified for transportation and storage
42
conditions
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
3.14
rds
hu
Co
pressure relief device

da
nT
tan
PRD
ME 9 for
3o
dS
device intended to prevent the rupture of an MH assembly in the event of overpressure or exposure to fire
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
Note 1 to entry: A pressure relief device may be “pressure-activated”, set to activate at a certain pressure.
tte
Alternatively, a pressure relief device may be “thermally-activated”, set to activate at a certain temperature. A
pr
of
mi
rs
pressure relief device may also be both “pressure-activated” and “thermally-activated”.

-09 r Com
be
Th
em
3.15
mm 3 on
fo
eM
pressure relief valve

19
itte
PRV
ers 4 20
ME
reseatable pressure relief device (PRD)

r0
of
Co
Ap
3.16
to
hu
rated capacity
b
ed
em
nT
ns
maximum quantity of hydrogen deliverable under specified conditions

e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
3.17
t
mi
nly
rated charging pressure

M
om
RCP
of
us
rs
maximum pressure to be applied to the MH assembly for refilling

be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
Note 1 to entry: The RCP is not necessarily equal to the equilibrium plateau pressure of the hydrogen
en
us
e o ee M
absorbing alloy.
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
3
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
3.18
tte
of
Ap
mi
reversible metal hydride
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
metal hydride for which there exists an equilibrium condition where the hydrogen absorbing alloy,
Th
em
hydrogen gas and the metal hydride co-exist
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
Note 1 to entry: Changes in pressure or temperature will shift the equilibrium favouring the formation or
ers 4 20
ME
decomposition of the metal hydride with respect to the hydrogen absorbing alloy and hydrogen gas.
r0
of
Co
Ap
3.19
to
hu
rupture
b
ed
em
nT
structural failure of a shell resulting in the sudden release of stored energy
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
3.20
tte
.L
-0
mi
shell
nl y
ME
eo
enclosure of any shape (cylindrical, prismatic, cubic, etc.) designed to contain the hydrogen gas, metal
of
C
us
hydride and other internal components of the MH assembly
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
Note 1 to entry: A shell may be a gas cylinder, a pressure vessel or other type of container.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
3.21
itt
ard
stress level at MDP
alia omm
n
nd
sum of all the stresses on the shell wall caused by the metal hydride at rated capacity, hydrogen gas at
oC
us
MDP and any other applicable mechanical loadings

nd
dt
ea
se
3.22
str
en
itte
Au
test pressure
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
required pressure applied during a pressure test for qualification

ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
4 Service conditions
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
4.1 Pressures
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
4.1.1 Maximum developed pressure (MDP)

da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
The MDP shall be determined by the manufacturer from the metal hydride's temperature–pressure
dS
1
-09
characteristics. In no case shall the MDP exceed 0,8 times the test pressure of the shell. The MDP shall
20
u A e an
not exceed 25 MPa.

04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
4.1.2 Rated charging pressure (RCP)

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
The RCP shall be specified by the manufacturer in order to prevent charging at a pressure that could
eM
19
result in the shell wall stress exceeding the design stress limit.
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
4.1.3 Stress level at MDP

of
Co
Ap
to
hu
The stress level at MDP shall be determined by the manufacturer from the hydrogen absorbing alloy's
b
ed
em
nT
packing and expansion properties, the MDP within the MH assembly, and other applicable mechanical
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
loadings.
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
4.2 Rated capacity

M
om
of
us
rs
The manufacturer shall state the rated capacity of the MH assembly by units of mass of hydrogen.
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
4
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
4.3 Temperature ranges
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
4.3.1 Operating temperature range
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
The minimum and maximum MH assembly temperature for normal operating conditions shall be
19
itte
ers 4 20
specified by the manufacturer.
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
4.3.2 Service temperature range
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
The minimum and maximum ambient shell temperatures for normal service conditions shall be a
ns
eM
om 93 o
minimum of −40 °C and a maximum of +65 °C. If the maximum and minimum shell temperatures are to
ice
tte
be different from those specified, they shall be identified by the manufacturer.
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
4.4 Environmental conditions
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
The MH assemblies are expected to be exposed to a number of environmental conditions over their
em
se
tra
service life, such as vibration and shock, varying humidity levels, and corrosive environments. The
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
manufacturer shall specify the environmental conditions for which the MH assembly was designed.
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
4.5 Service life
oC
us
nd
dt
The service life for the MH assemblies shall be specified by the manufacturer on the basis of use under
ea
se
service conditions specified herein. The service life shall not exceed that specified by the standard to
str
en
itte
Au
which the shell is designed according to 5.3.

Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
4.6 Hydrogen quality

nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
The minimum quality of the hydrogen gas that shall be used to fill an MH assembly shall be specified by
nd
01
mm tralia
the manufacturer according to ISO 14687 (all parts) or as appropriate.

42
s
itte
r0
Au
If the quality of the hydrogen gas is considered a critical issue to avoid performance degradation of the
Ap
rds
MH assembly, the manufacturer may consider including the information on the product label.
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
4.7 Special service conditions

dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
Any additional service conditions that shall be met for the safe operation, handling and usage of the MH
04
tte
assembly shall be specified by the manufacturer.

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
5 Design considerations
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
5.1 General
ME
r0
of
Co
The MH assembly shall be designed and constructed to prevent leakage of free hydrogen gas or metal
Ap
to
hydride particles under normal service and operating conditions.

hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
5.2 Material selection

ice
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
5.2.1 General
om
of
us
rs
The MH assembly components shall be made of materials that are suitable for the range of conditions
be
t
lia
d
expected over the life of the MH assembly. Components that are in contact with gaseous hydrogen and/
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
or metal hydride material shall be sufficiently resistant to their chemical and physical action under
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
normal service or operating conditions to maintain operational and pressure containment integrity.
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
5
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
Hydrogen absorbing alloys and/or metal hydride materials that are classified as Type I explosive
of
Ap
mi
materials according to the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods shall not be
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
used in an MH assembly.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
5.2.2 External surfaces
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
The MH assembly shell, shut-off valve, PRDs and other components shall be resistant to the environmental
r0
of
Co
conditions specified in 4.4. Resistance to these environmental conditions may be provided by using
Ap
to
materials inherently resistant to the environment or by applying resistant coatings to the components.
hu
b
ed
em
Exterior protection may be provided by using a surface finish giving adequate corrosion protection
nT
ns
eM
(e.g. metal sprayed on aluminium or anodizing) or a protective coating (e.g. organic coating or paint).
om 93 o
ice
If an exterior coating is part of the design, the coating shall be evaluated using the applicable test
tte
.L
-0
mi
methods specified in Annex B. Any coatings applied to MH assemblies shall be such that the application
nl y
ME
eo
process does not adversely affect the mechanical properties of the shell or performance and operation
of
C
us
of other components. The coatings shall be designed to facilitate subsequent in-service inspection and
rs
o
be
dt
lia
the manufacturer shall provide guidance on coating treatment during such inspections to ensure the
em
se
tra
continued integrity of the MH assembly.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
5.2.3 Compatibility itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
The compatibility of MH assembly materials with process fluids and solids, specifically embrittlement
oC
us
due to the exposure to hydrogen, shall be considered. Guidance on compatibility of materials with
nd
dt
gases is given in ISO 11114-1 and ISO 11114-2. Materials necessary for the pressure containment and
ea
se
str
en
structural integrity of the MH assembly and its internal and external components shall be resistant
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
to hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen attack and reactivity with contained materials and maintain
mm
s
ard
their integrity for the service life of the MH assembly. Recognized test methods, such as those
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
specified in ISO 11114-4, shall be used to select metallic materials resistant to hydrogen embrittlement
or
9f
where required for pressure or structural integrity. Consideration shall be given to the impact that
u
nd
01
mm tralia
temperature may have on hydrogen embrittlement.

42
s
itte
r0
Consideration shall be given to all of the chemical species that may be present during the charged,
Au
Ap
partially charged and discharged states and their potential reactivity with the MH assembly material.
rds
hu
Co
The MH assembly materials shall be selected so as the combination does not endanger the MH assembly
da
nT
tan
integrity.
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
NOTE The susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of some commonly used metals is summarized in ISO/
20
u A e an
TR 15916. Additional guidance regarding hydrogen compatibility is found in Annex A.

04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
5.2.4 Temperature
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
The MH assembly materials shall be suitable for the service and operating temperature range specified
fo
eM
19
in 4.3.1 and 4.3.2.

itte
ers 4 20
ME
5.3 Shell design

r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
5.3.1 Shells with internal volume greater than 120 ml

ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
The MH assembly shell shall be designed and tested according to ISO 7866, ISO 9809-1, ISO 9809-3,
o C E-09
.L
ISO 11119-1, ISO 11119-2, ISO 11119-3 or for design or shape shell not covered by the previous standards
t
mi
nly
M
the manufacturer shall prove their performance in accordance to ISO 16528-1. Shells designed and
om
of
tested in accordance with ISO 9809-1 shall have a tensile strength less than 950 MPa. Shells designed
us
rs
and tested in accordance with ISO 11119-1 or ISO 11119-2 that use seamless steel liners conforming to
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
ISO 9809-2 or to ISO 9809-1 shall have a tensile strength less than 950 MPa. Shells designed with proof
en
us
e o ee M
of performance according to ISO 16528-1 are considered as pressure vessels.

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
The shell shall not exceed 150 l internal volume, and the MDP shall not exceed 25 MPa. The maximum
mi
n
nd
om
combined stresses for the loads described in 5.4 as well as the operating and service temperature
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
6
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
ranges for the MH assembly shall not exceed the limits prescribed by the standard to which the shell is
of
Ap
mi
designed.
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
NOTE An equivalent gas pressure calculated to be equal to the stress level at MDP can be used as the design
mm 3 on
fo
eM
hydraulic test pressure for determining minimum shell wall thickness.
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
5.3.2 Shells with internal volume of 120 ml or less
r0
of
Co
Ap
For MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less, the shell design shall be deemed to be
to
hu
b
appropriate if the shell meets 5.3.1 or the MH assembly meets the following design and test criteria:
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
a) the pressure in the MH assembly shall not exceed 5 MPa at 55 °C when the MH assembly is filled to
tte
.L
its rated capacity; and
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
b) the MH assembly design shall withstand as required by 6.2.3, without leaking or bursting, a
of
C
us
minimum shell burst pressure of 2 times the pressure in the MH assembly at 55 °C when filled to
rs
o
be
dt
lia
rated capacity, or 1,6 times the pressure in the MH assembly at the maximum service temperature
em
se
tra
when filled to rated capacity, or 200 kPa more than the MDP of the assembly at 55 °C when filled to
en
us
e o ee M
c
rated capacity, whichever is greater.
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
5.4 Design strength
oC
us
The shell design shall take into account the stress level at 1,25 times MDP. Consideration of components
nd
dt
ea
se
contributing to the stress level at MDP shall include but not be limited to:
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
— 1,25 × MDP;
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
— thermal stress, including dissimilar rates of thermal expansion and contraction;

e a se o
or
9f
u
— weight of internals in any possible MH assembly orientation;

nd
01
mm tralia
42
— shock and vibration loading;

s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
— maximum stress due to hydrogen absorbing alloy expansion;

hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
— other mechanical loadings.

3o
dS
1
-09
To verify that the design stress limit is not exceeded, the MH assembly design shall be subjected to the
20
u A e an
hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test described in 6.2.6.

04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
NOTE The process of introducing and subsequently removing hydrogen in the hydrogen absorbing alloy
-09 r Com
be
Th
typically causes it to expand and contract. In turn, this can result in large stresses inside the alloy's particles
em
that cause them to fragment into smaller particles, a phenomenon known as decrepitation. After several charge/
mm 3 on
fo
eM
discharge cycles, the average particle size can have significantly decreased. Stresses on the MH assembly walls
19
itte
can be derived from expansion of the hydrogen absorbing alloy during hydrogenation and from changes in
ers 4 20
ME
the packing configuration due to decrepitation over the service life of the MH assembly. The magnitude of the
r0
expansion/contraction phenomena varies greatly as a function of the hydrogen absorbing alloy used.
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
5.5 Overpressure and fire protection

ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
5.5.1 General
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
The MH assembly shall be protected with one or more PRDs of the non-reclosing type, such as thermally
of
us
activated PRD, rupture disks and diaphragms, or of the re-sealable type, such as spring-loaded PRVs.
rs
be
t
lia
The MH assembly and any added component (e.g. insulation or protective material) shall collectively
d
em
se
tra
pass the fire test specified in 6.2.2. The PRD shall conform to the requirements of 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 and
en
us
e o ee M
the additional requirements of the competent authority of country of use, as applicable.

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
For MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less, other means may be used to protect from
n
nd
om
overpressurization, such as venting through a feature integral to the shell. MH assemblies that use an
oC
us
alternative means of relieving pressure shall meet the acceptance criteria of the fire test specified in 6.2.2.
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
7
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
Re-sealable PRV is not recommended for MH assembly having composite or aluminium shell. For these
of
Ap
mi
MH assemblies the manufacturer shall use other type of overpressure and fire protection.
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
5.5.2 PRD activation pressure
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
The pressure of actuation of pressure-activated PRDs shall be specified by the manufacturer and shall
ME
be greater than the MDP but less than 1,25 times the MDP. In no case shall the pressure of actuation of
r0
of
Co
a pressure-activated PRD exceed the test pressure of the shell. For PRVs, the full flow capacity pressure
Ap
to
shall also be specified, and shall not exceed the test pressure of the shell.
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
5.5.3 PRD activation temperature
ice
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
The temperature at which any thermally activated PRD is set to activate shall be specified by the
ME
eo
manufacturer and correspond to an equilibrium pressure inside the MH assembly of less than
of
C
us
1,25 times the MDP. In no case shall the temperature of actuation of a temperature-activated PRD result
rs
o
be
dt
lia
in an equilibrium pressure inside the MH assembly that exceeds the test pressure of the shell. The PRD
em
se
tra
shall have a pressure rating greater than the MDP at all temperatures less than or equal to 10 °C above
en
us
e o ee M
the maximum service temperature or operating temperature (whichever is higher). In no case shall the
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
PRD activate at a temperature lower than the maximum service or operating temperature. itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
Due to the MDP definition, an equilibrium pressure less than 1,25 times the MDP is in accordance with
oC
us
4.1.1 and 5.4, which respectively refer to the MDP assessment and the shell design. As an immediate
nd
dt
consequence, the pressure inside the MH assembly cannot exceed the test pressure of the shell at the
ea
se
str
temperature of actuation.
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
5.6 Loading of hydrogen absorbing alloy

Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
Procedures and verification testing shall be put in place to ensure the consistent loading of the hydrogen
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
absorbing alloy/metal hydride in the MH assembly.

42
s
itte
r0
Au
5.7 Shut-off valves

Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
5.7.1 General
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
The MH assembly shall incorporate a shut-off valve that shall be capable of being closed when the
20
u A e an
MH assembly is disconnected from the refill or gas-consuming equipment. The shut-off valve may be
04
tte
manually actuated, such as by a handwheel, or automatically actuated.

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
All MH assemblies shall provide a means of shut-off valve protection that complies with 5.7.4 or 5.7.5.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
The shut-off valve selection shall include verification that the shut-off valve seal is maintained with
19
vacuum conditions within the MH assembly.

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
NOTE Due to the temperature/pressure characteristics of metal hydrides, the development of sub-ambient
of
Co
Ap
pressures is possible within MH assemblies.

to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
5.7.2 MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml

ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
Shut-off valves shall comply with ISO 10297, or equivalent, with the following adjustment:
t
mi
nly
M
om
a) 3 times MDP shall be used as the resistance pressure for the valve.
of
us
rs
b) Valve test pressure, pvt, shall be equal to 1,5 times the MDP.

be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
c) Gas pressure for endurance test shall be equal to 0,5 times the MDP.
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
In addition, the shut-off valve shall meet all requirements and tests prescribed in this document.
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
8
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
Alternatively, if the shut-off valve cannot demonstrate full compliance to ISO 10297 or equivalent, the
of
Ap
mi
shut-off valve construction and performance shall meet all the requirements and tests prescribed in
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
this document as well as the following requirements:
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
— the material requirements of ISO 10297:2014, 4.3;
19
itte
ers 4 20
— the test requirements of ISO 10297:2014, 6.1 to 6.8, as they apply to the tests prescribed below with
ME
r0
the exception the valve test pressure, pvt, shall be equal to 1,5 times the MDP;
of
Co
Ap
to
— the hydraulic pressure test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.9, with the exception that 3 times the MDP shall be
hu
b
ed
em
nT
used as the test pressure;
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
— the leak tightness test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.11, where pvt shall be equal to 1,5 times the MDP;
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
— the endurance test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.12, using a gas pressure equal to 0,5 times the MDP. When
eo
of
C
the shut-off valve does not incorporate a handwheel, the forces and torques used in the endurance
us
rs
o
test shall be representative of those used in service to open and close the valve member. Prior to
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
and following the endurance test, the shut-off valve shall be tested for leakage from an internal and
en
us
e o ee M
external leakage perspective at a test pressure of 1,5 times MDP at minimum and maximum service
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
temperature. Leakage rates less than or equal to 6 standard cm3/h (standard conditions of 0 °C and
itt
ard
alia omm
101,325 kPa absolute) shall be acceptable.
n
nd
oC
us
The minimum rated pressure of the shut-off valve shall be at least equal to 1,5 times MDP.
nd
dt
ea
se
In addition, the shut-off valve manufacturer shall demonstrate that the shut-off valve is subjected to the
str
en
itte
Au
requirements of ISO 14246.
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
5.7.3 MH assemblies with internal volume of 120 ml or less

nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
For MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less, the shut-off valve construction and
u
nd
01
mm tralia
performance shall meet all requirements and tests prescribed in this document as well as the following
42
requirements:
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
— the material requirements of ISO 10297:2014, 4.3;

hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
— the test requirements of ISO 10297:2014, 6.1 to 6.8, as they apply to the tests prescribed below with
3o
dS
the exception that the valve test pressure, pvt, shall be equal to 1,5 times the MDP;
1
-09
20
u A e an
— the hydraulic pressure test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.9, with the exception that the test pressure shall be
04
tte
in accordance with 5.3.2 b) and the test may be performed pneumatically;

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
— the leak tightness test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.11, where pvt shall be equal to 1,5 times the MDP. Valve
Th
em
closure may be determined using torque, compression or other suitable means and the test gas shall
mm 3 on
fo
eM
be helium;
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
— the endurance test of ISO 10297:2014, 6.12, using a gas pressure equal to 0,5 times the MDP and
r0
of
minimum number of 100 cycles. When the shut-off valve does not incorporate a handwheel, the
Co
Ap
forces and torques used in the endurance test shall be representative of those used in service
to
hu
b
ed
to open and close the valve member. Prior to and following the endurance test, a shut-off valve
em
nT
ns
shall be tested for leakage from an internal and external leakage perspective at a test pressure of
e o tee M
3o
ice
1,5 times MDP at minimum and maximum service temperature. Leakage rates less than or equal to
o C E-09
.L
t
3 standard cm3/h (standard conditions of 0 °C and 101,325 kPa absolute) shall be acceptable.

mi
nly
M
om
of
The minimum rated pressure of the shut-off valve shall be at least equal to the MDP.
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
In addition, the shut-off valve manufacturer shall demonstrate that the shut-off valve is subjected to the
em
se
tra
requirements of ISO 14246.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
9
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
5.7.4 Integral shut-off valve protection
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
An MH assembly design that uses an integral method of shut-off valve protection that is not meant to be
Th
em
removed for MH assembly operation, such as the use of a shroud, collar or recessing the valve in the MH
mm 3 on
fo
eM
assembly, shall meet the requirements of the drop test in 6.2.4.
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
5.7.5 Removable shut-off valve protection
r0
of
Co
Ap
MH assembly designs that use a removable means of shut-off valve protection that is meant to be
to
hu
b
ed
removed for MH assembly operation, such as a cover, cap or guard, shall meet the requirements of the
em
nT
ns
drop test in 6.2.4 with the protective means in place and meet the requirements of the shut-off valve
eM
om 93 o
ice
impact test in 6.2.7 without the protective means in place.
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
Removable means of shut-off valve protection, having passed the drop test in 6.2.4, shall be acceptable
eo
of
for use only with filled MH assemblies at a mass equal to or less than the mass tested and with MH
C
us
rs
o
assemblies with shut-off valves of dimensions not exceeding those of the tested shut-off valve.
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
5.8 Actively cooled MH assemblies
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
MH assemblies that employ an active cooling system to control and/or affect system temperature shall
n
nd
be designed to ensure that there will be no inadvertent leakage of fluid between the MH assembly and
oC
us
the cooling system. The cooling system shall be employed when performing the hydrogen cycling and
nd
dt
strain measurement test in 6.2.6.

ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Some coolants can react with hydrides. If such coolant is used it shall be properly addressed in the risk
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
assessment.
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
5.9 Particulate containment

9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
Particulate matter shall not impede the functioning of the valves or PRDs. A means of particulate matter
s
itte
r0
containment may be used to achieve this purpose. The MH assemblies shall meet the requirements of
Au
Ap
the fire test of 6.2.2 and the hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test of 6.2.6.
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
6 Inspection and testing

3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
6.1 General
04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
In order to ensure that the MH assemblies are in compliance with this document, they shall be subject
-09 r Com
be
Th
to inspection and testing in accordance with this clause.

em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
6.2 Type/qualification tests

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
6.2.1 General
Co
Ap
to
hu
The following type tests shall be performed to qualify an MH assembly design. The MH assemblies used
ed
em
nT
ns
for the type tests shall be representative of production MH assemblies. The data for all type tests shall
e o tee M
3o
ice
be acquired using calibrated instruments.

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
Any change in shell design, hydrogen absorbing alloy, manufacturing process or loading procedure of
M
om
of
hydrogen absorbing alloy shall require repeating the fire test of 6.2.2, the drop test of 6.2.4 and the
us
rs
hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test of 6.2.6, and, if applicable, the thermal cycling test of 6.2.8.
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
Compliance to this document shall be recorded for each MH assembly design on a type approval
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
certificate. An example of a suitably worded certificate is given in Annex C.

Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
10
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
6.2.2 Fire test
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
6.2.2.1 General
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
The fire test shall be performed on all new MH assembly designs to demonstrate that the fire protection
19
itte
ers 4 20
system, such as PRD and/or integral thermal insulation, will prevent the rupture of the MH assembly
ME
under the specified fire conditions. The bonfire test conditions should be in agreement with the one
r0
of
Co
proposed in the reference standard used for the shell design in 5.3.
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
Any significant change to the design as defined in the standard (see 5.3) to which the shell is designed
em
nT
ns
(including, but not limited to, changes in diameter, length, shell material type and minimum design
eM
om 93 o
ice
thickness) and any change to the type, number or flow capacity of the PRD, means of solid particulate
tte
.L
-0
containment or in the hydrogen absorbing alloy shall necessitate repeating the fire test.
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
As an exception, a manufacturer may use data and engineering calculations, based on previous fire test
C
us
rs
o
results on existing designs, in cases involving design changes that would reduce the risk of shell failure
be
dt
lia
em
in the fire test (e.g. reduction in shell length, or increase in PRD flow capacity), to show that a new
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
design does not require repeating the fire test.
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
Precautions should be taken to ensure safety of personnel and property during the fire test in the event
alia omm
n
nd
that an MH assembly rupture occurs.
oC
us
nd
dt
6.2.2.2 Sample preparation

ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
The MH assembly shall be filled to rated capacity with hydrogen.

Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
6.2.2.3 Data monitoring and recording

nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
The temperature and pressure of the MH assembly shall be monitored remotely and recorded at
nd
01
mm tralia
intervals not more than 15 s. A valve shall be installed to allow venting of the MH assembly in the event
42
of a malfunction of the test equipment or system.

s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
In addition to the temperature and pressure readings, the following information shall also be recorded
hu
Co
da
for each test:

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
— MH assembly manufacturer;
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
— MH assembly part or model number;

tte
pr
of
mi
rs
— unique identifier;
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
— PRD-type and rating;

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
— PRD location and orientation;

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
— date of test;
of
Co
Ap
to
— MH assembly RCP;
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
— number of charge/discharge cycles that the MH assembly has undergone;

3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
— MH assembly orientation (vertical, horizontal or inverted);

t
mi
nly
M
om
of
— ambient temperature;
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
— estimated wind condition/direction;

em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
— names of witnesses;
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
— time of activation of PRD; and

n
nd
om
oC
us
— elapsed time to completion of the test.

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
11
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
For MH assembly designs that contain small quantities of hydrogen that preclude accurate monitoring
of
Ap
mi
of pressure during the fire test, a statement of justification for not monitoring the pressure during the
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
fire test shall be provided, along with a description of the means for determining activation of the PRD.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
6.2.2.4 Test set-up, fire source and test method
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
The fire tests shall be conducted on at least three MH assemblies in each orientation of intended use
r0
of
Co
and/or transportation. For MH assembly designs for which the orientation of use and transportation
Ap
to
are not specified, at least three MH assemblies shall be fire tested in each of the vertical and horizontal
hu
b
ed
em
orientation and any other orientation due to asymmetry of the MH assembly design, if applicable. The
nT
ns
eM
tests shall include at least one test with the PRD oriented towards the fire source and at least one test
om 93 o
ice
with the PRD oriented 180° away from the fire source.
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
The MH assemblies, over their entire width, shall be subjected to a fire source of a maximum length
eo
of
C
of 1,65 m. For MH assemblies less than 1,65 m in length, the fire source shall totally engulf the MH
us
rs
o
assembly. MH assemblies longer than 1,65 m or equipped with multiple PRDs with a spacing greater
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
than 1,65 m, shall be subjected to a partial engulfment fire test in the horizontal orientation. If an MH
en
us
e o ee M
assembly is longer than 1,65 m and is fitted with a PRD at one end, the opposite end of the MH assembly
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
shall be subjected to the fire source. If the MH assembly is fitted with PRDs at both ends, or at more
itt
ard
alia omm
than one location along the length of the MH assembly, the fire source shall be centred midway between
n
nd
the PRDs that are separated by the greatest horizontal distance.
oC
us
nd
dt
For MH assemblies less than or equal to 0,30 m in length, a temperature-indicating device shall be
ea
se
str
installed within 0,05 m of, but not in contact with, the MH assembly surface near each end. For MH
en
itte
Au
assemblies greater than 0,30 m in length, a temperature-indicating device shall be installed at each end
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
and one at the midpoint. Temperature-indicating devices may be inserted into small metallic blocks
ard
Co
nl
(less than 0,025 m per side).

nd
e a se o
or
9f
MH assemblies shall be subjected to a direct flame impingement test. Sufficient fuel shall be supplied to
u
nd
01
mm tralia
ensure a burn time of at least 20 min. The MH assembly shall be placed in the test orientation with the
42
MH assembly at least 0,1 m above the fuel or at a greater height to ensure total flame engulfment. The
s
itte
r0
Au
fire shall produce a flame that totally engulfs the MH assembly. Shielding shall be used to prevent direct
Ap
rds
flame impingement on the shut-off valve, fittings, and/or PRD(s). The shielding shall not be in direct
hu
Co
da
contact with the specified fire protection system.

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
Any fuel may be used for the fire source, provided it supplies uniform heat sufficient to maintain the
1
-09
20
u A e an
specified test conditions for a minimum of 20 min. The fire test should be carried out in a properly
04
ventilated facility or in open ground for safety. The selection of a fuel should take into consideration
tte
pr
of
mi
air pollution concerns. The arrangement of the fire shall be recorded in detail to ensure that the rate of
rs
-09 r Com
heat input to the MH assembly is reproducible.

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
MH assemblies that have been subjected to the cycling and strain measurement test of 6.2.6 may be
eM
19
used in this test.

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
6.2.2.5 Acceptance criteria

of
Co
Ap
to
hu
Any failure or inconsistency of the fire source during a test shall invalidate the result, and a re-test shall
b
ed
em
nT
be carried out. Any venting through, or rupture of, the shell, valve, fitting or tubing during the test that is
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
not part of the intended protection system, shall invalidate the result and a re-test shall be carried out.
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
The MH assembly design shall be deemed to have passed the fire test if, for all valid tests, there is no
M
om
generation of projectiles and one of the following criteria is met:

of
us
rs
be
t
lia
— the PRD or other venting method of all MH assemblies subjected to the fire test vent each MH
d
em
se
tra
assembly to zero gauge pressure without rupture of the MH assembly; or

en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
— all MH assemblies subjected to the fire test withstand the fire for a minimum of 20 min without
tt
ard
mi
rupture.
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
12
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
6.2.3 Initial burst tests for MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
At least three MH assemblies shall be subjected to an initial burst test to demonstrate compliance to
Th
em
5.3.2 b). Either a hydrostatic or a pneumatic burst test shall be performed; however, all tests shall be
mm 3 on
fo
eM
performed in the same manner. All bursts shall occur in the same manner for all tests performed. The
19
itte
rate of pressurisation shall be less than 345 kPa/sec.
ers 4 20
ME
r0
Adequate precautions should be taken to ensure safety of equipment and personnel. In particular,
of
Co
Ap
during a pneumatic burst testing, personnel should be aware of the potential for releases of large
to
hu
amounts of stored energy and potentially hazardous materials as a result of the burst.
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
6.2.4 Drop or impact test
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
6.2.4.1 General requirements
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
6.2.4.1.1 MH assembly with mass of 25 kg or less
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
All MH assembly with mass lower than 25 kg designs shall meet the requirements of the drop test.
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
Any significant change to the design as defined in the standard (see 5.3) to which the shell is designed itt
ard
alia omm
(including, but not limited to, changes in diameter, length, shell material type and minimum design n
nd
thickness) and any change in shut-off valve, means of solid particulate containment or loaded mass of
oC
us
the hydrogen absorbing alloy shall necessitate repeating the drop test.
nd
dt
ea
se
str
The surface onto which the MH assemblies are dropped shall be a smooth, horizontal, concrete or steel
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
surface. The container shall be allowed to bounce on the concrete or steel surface after the initial impact.
mm
s
ard
No attempt shall be made to prevent this secondary impact. A guide rail for posture maintenance may
Co
nl
nd
be used, provided that it does not reduce the free-fall velocity.

e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
6.2.4.1.2 MH assembly with mass greater than 25 kg

42
s
itte
r0
Au
All MH assembly with mass higher than 25 kg designs shall meet the requirement of the blunt impact
Ap
rds
test. Any significant change to the design as defined in the standard (see 5.3) to which the shell is
hu
Co
da
designed (including, but not limited to, changes in diameter, length, shell material type and minimum
nT
tan
ME 9 for
design thickness) and any change in shut-off valve, means of solid particulate containment or loaded
3o
dS
mass of the hydrogen absorbing alloy shall necessitate repeating blunt test.
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
6.2.4.2 Sample preparation MH assembly with mass of 25 kg or less

tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
The MH assemblies used for these tests shall include their integral or removable shut-off valve
be
Th
em
protection (see 5.7.4 and 5.7.5). The MH assemblies shall have an equivalent weight (±2 %), packing
mm 3 on
fo
eM
density and internal structure as production MH assemblies. Ballast material may be used in place of
19
the hydrogen absorbing alloy. The MH assemblies shall not be pressurized.

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
6.2.4.3 Drop test procedure

Co
Ap
to
hu
MH assemblies shall be drop tested in accordance with the following conditions. One MH assembly
ed
em
nT
ns
may be used for all drop tests performed in a) to c). The drop tests shall be carried out at room
e o tee M
3o
( )
ice
temperature 20 +−10
5 °C .
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
a) One MH assembly shall be dropped vertically on the end containing the shut-off valve assembly.
of
One MH assembly shall be dropped vertically on the end opposite the shut-off valve assembly. In
us
rs
be
both cases, the MH assembly shall be dropped from a height of not less than 1,8 m measured from
lia
d
em
se
tra
the lower end of the MH assembly.

en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
b) One MH assembly shall be dropped at a 45° angle on the end containing the shut-off valve assembly
tt
ard
mi
from a height such that the centre of gravity is at a minimum height of 1,8 m. If the lower end of
n
nd
om
the MH assembly is at a height of less than 0,6 m, the drop angle shall be changed to maintain the
oC
us
lower end of the MH assembly and the centre of gravity at a minimum height of 0,6 m and 1,8 m
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
13
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
respectively. When the shut-off valve, PRD and other components are set on both ends of the MH
of
Ap
mi
assembly, the MH assembly shall be dropped at a 45° angle on its weakest end.
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
c) One MH assembly shall be dropped horizontally from a height of 1,8 m onto a steel apex as shown
mm 3 on
fo
eM
in Figure 1. The MH assembly shall be placed such that its centre of gravity is aligned with the
19
rounded edge of the steel apex as shown in Figure 1. In order to prevent movement of the steel apex
itte
ers 4 20
ME
by the collision of the MH assembly, the steel apex shall be fixed to the concrete pad or flooring. The
r0
MH assembly shall strike the steel apex before striking the concrete pad or flooring.
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
d) For shells of composite design (such as shells designed according to ISO 11119-1, ISO 11119-2 or
b
ed
em
nT
ISO 11119-3) at least one additional MH assembly shall be dropped according to a) and b).
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
Dimensions in millimetres
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
Key
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1 centre of gravity
1
-09
20
u A e an
2 steel apex
04
tte
3 smooth, horizontal concrete pad or flooring

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
Figure 1 — MH assembly drop test onto an apex

em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
6.2.4.4 Acceptance criteria for MH assembly with mass of 25 kg or less

ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
6.2.4.4.1 General
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
The shut-off valve shall remain operational (i.e. capable of being opened and closed) after all drop tests.
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
All MH assemblies that have undergone the drop tests shall be visually inspected and all apparent
t
mi
nly
damage recorded. All MH assemblies shall be subjected to the leak test of 6.2.5 at a temperature of
M
om
( )
of
20 +−10
5 °C and MDP and meet the acceptance criteria.
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
MH assemblies dropped in accordance to 6.2.4.3 d), shall additionally be subjected to the ambient cycle
em
se
tra
en
us
test of ISO 11119-2:2012, 8.5.5, and withstand 3 000 pressurization cycles at five-sixths of the MDP
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
without failure by burst or leakage.

tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
14
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
After successful completion of the leak test and, if applicable, the ambient cycle test specified above, all
of
Ap
mi
MH assemblies shall be pressurized to destruction as per 6.2.4.4.2 or 6.2.4.4.3 and meet the acceptance
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
criteria.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
6.2.4.4.2 MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
The MH assemblies shall be pressurized to destruction using a hydrostatic burst test. The recorded
r0
of
Co
burst pressures shall exceed 85 % of the minimum shell burst pressure specified by the standard to
Ap
to
which the shell was designed. All bursts shall occur in a manner consistent with the standard to which
hu
b
ed
em
the shell was designed and in the same manner for all tests performed.
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
6.2.4.4.3 MH assemblies with internal volume of 120 ml or less
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
The MH assemblies shall be pressurized to destruction using a hydrostatic or a pneumatic burst test.
of
C
us
The recorded burst pressures shall exceed 85 % of the minimum shell burst pressure specified in 5.3.2.
rs
o
be
dt
lia
All bursts shall occur in a manner consistent with the initial burst test of 6.2.3 and in the same manner
em
se
tra
for all tests performed.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
during a pneumatic burst testing, personnel should be aware of the potential for releases of large
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
6.2.4.5 Blunt impact test for MH assembly with mass greater than 25 kg
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
The shells of MH assemblies designed and tested according to ISO 7866, ISO 9809-1, ISO 9809-3,
mm
s
ard
ISO 11119-1, ISO 11119-2, ISO 11119-3 having mass higher that 25 kg shall be subjected to blunt impact
Co
nl
nd
testing in accordance with 6.2.4.6.

e a se o
or
9f
u
The shells of MH assemblies designed with proof of performance in accordance to IS0 16528 shall be
nd
01
mm tralia
tested in accordance to the procedure of Type 1 and Type 2 shells following procedure described in
42
s
itte
r0
6.2.4.6 the blunt impact test must be performed at the lowest shell thickness location.
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
6.2.4.6 Blunt impact test procedure

da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
For MH assemblies using Type 1 and Type 2 shells, one empty shell shall be subjected to two impacts:
dS
1
-09
20
The blunt impact test must be performed at the lowest shell thickness location:
u A e an
04
tte
a) at the MH assembly sidewall midway between the ends;

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
b) at the termination of the overwrap near the domes for Type 2.

Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
For MH assemblies using Type 3 and Type 4 shells, one empty shell shall be subjected to two impacts in
19
each of the following positions:

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
a) at the MH assembly sidewall midway between the ends;

of
Co
Ap
to
b) at an angle of 45° to strike the shoulder of the tube (mid arc length at the dome).
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
The impact can be conducted by dropping a suitable weight or by a pendulum impact.

e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
The MH assembly shall be secured to ensure it does not move during the impact. The impactor shall be
t
mi
nly
M
made from a steel bar and have a diameter of between 70 mm and 80 mm and strike the tube with an
om
of
energy of 1 200 joules.
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
Parameters to monitor and record is the visual appearance after each impact. Record position and
em
se
tra
en
dimensions of impact damage.

us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
15
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
a) Type 1 & Type 2 tubes
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
b) Example of impactor
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
c) Type 3 & Type 4 tubes

04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
Figure 2 — Blunt impact test procedure

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
6.2.4.7 Acceptance criteria for MH assemblies with mass greater than 25 kg

itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
The shell shall withstand N/4 pressurisation cycles at MDP without failure by burst or leakage. The test
of
Co
Ap
shall continue for a further N cycles, or until the shell fails by leakage, whichever is the sooner. In either
to
hu
case the MH assembly shall be deemed to have passed the test. However if failure during this second
b
ed
em
nT
part of the test is by burst, then the MH assembly shall have failed the test. N is the number of cycles
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
required in the shell standards for example 12 000 cycles for ISO 7866.

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
The parameter recorded during these tests are:

M
om
of
a) temperature of the MH assembly;

us
rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
b) number of cycles achieving upper cyclic pressure;

en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
c) minimum and maximum cyclic pressures;

Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
d) cycle frequency;
nd
om
oC
us
e) test medium used;

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
16
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
f) mode of failure, if appropriate.
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
6.2.5 Leak test
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
6.2.5.1 Test procedure
itte
ers 4 20
ME
The MH assembly shall be charged with hydrogen, helium, or a blend of the two, and monitored for
r0
of
Co
Ap
leaks at the conditions indicated in Table 1.
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
Table 1 — Temperature/pressure conditions for leak test
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
Temperature Pressure
-0
mi
nl y
ME
Minimum service temperature RCP
eo
of
(20 −+105 ) °C
C
us
rs
o
RCP
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
Highest temperature between maximum
e o ee M
c
sA
service temperature or maximum MDP
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
operating temperature
alia omm
n
nd
Before placing the MH assembly in an enclosed area to perform the leak test of either 6.2.5.2.1 or
oC
us
6.2.5.2.2, it is recommended to test for the presence of major leaks using a soap bubble solution, or by
nd
dt
other adequate means, on all possible leak locations.

ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm

s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
6.2.5.2.1 MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml

9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
The total hydrogen leak rate shall be less than K standard cm3/h (standard conditions of 0 °C and
42
101,325 kPa absolute). If hydrogen gas is not used, the leak rate shall be converted into an equivalent
s
itte
r0
Au
hydrogen leak rate.

Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
The value of K is defined by the following equation: K should be the greater value of 6 or 0,1 times the
nT
tan
ME 9 for
internal volume of the shell (in litres/150).

3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
6.2.5.2.2 MH assemblies with internal volume of 120 ml or less

04
tte
pr
of
mi
The total hydrogen leak rate shall be less than 3 standard cm3/h (standard conditions of 0 °C and
rs
-09 r Com
be
101,325 kPa absolute). If hydrogen gas is not used, the leak rate shall be converted into an equivalent
Th
em
hydrogen leak rate.

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
6.2.6 Hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test

ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
6.2.6.1 General
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
The hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test shall be performed on all new MH assembly designs
ns
e o tee M
3o
to demonstrate that the design stress limits of the shell are not exceeded during use. Any significant
ice
o C E-09
change to the design as defined in the standard (see 5.3) to which the shell is designed (including, but
.L
t
mi
nly
not limited to, changes in diameter, length, shell material type and minimum design thickness) and
M
om
means of solid particulate containment or formulation of or loaded mass of the hydrogen absorbing
of
us
alloy shall necessitate repeating the hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test. MH assemblies that
rs
be
t
lia
employ an active cooling system to control and/or affect system temperature shall be subjected to the
d
em
se
tra
test with the cooling system in place.

en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
Precautions should be taken to ensure safety of personnel and property during testing in the event that
tt
ard
mi
an MH assembly failure or hydrogen release occurs.

n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
17
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
6.2.6.2 Test set-up
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Each MH assembly shall be adequately instrumented with strain gauges to determine the maximum
Th
em
local strain that the shell experiences during cycling. With MH assemblies, the strain may not be
mm 3 on
fo
eM
uniform throughout the MH assembly. The number and location of the strain gauges required to
19
itte
measure the highest strain experienced by the shell may be determined from engineering models based
ers 4 20
ME
on knowledge of the design, including stress distribution and analysis information provided by the shell
r0
manufacturer, the internal configuration and geometry, hydrogen absorbing alloy distribution, etc. If
of
Co
Ap
engineering models cannot accurately determine the points of expected highest strain, the number
to
hu
b
and locations of required strain gauges shall be empirically determined by extensively instrumenting
ed
em
nT
ns
at least two MH assemblies with strain gauges and performing the test. Based on the results, further
eM
om 93 o
ice
testing may be performed using fewer strain gauges that are strategically placed to measure the highest
tte
.L
-0
strain levels experienced by the shell.
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
As a minimum, the hoop strain shall be monitored on cylindrical and dome sections of MH assemblies,
C
us
rs
o
bending strain shall be monitored on flat sections of MH assemblies and for strain concentration points
be
dt
lia
(such as corners and edges), the strain in areas around the concentration point shall be monitored, and
em
se
tra
en
us
a concentration factor shall be used to estimate the strain at the concentration point.
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
The strain gauges shall be protected from damage during extended testing and exposure to the cycling
alia omm
n
nd
environment, for example by the use of a chemically-resistant epoxy. Periodically during and, at least,
at the start and end of cycling, the strain gauges shall be calibrated to ensure proper functioning. If any
oC
us
strain gauge is found to not be properly functioning, it shall be replaced.

nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
The strain at the design stress limit shall be determined either by engineering calculations based on
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
the shell design and material properties, or empirically by internally applying either a pneumatic or
mm
s
ard
hydrostatic pressure up to a pressure equivalent to the shell design stress limit and measuring the
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
strain. For any MH assembly where the strain gauges are applied to an outer layer and not directly
or
9f
to the shell or liner in contact with the metal hydride and hydrogen gas (such as shells of type II and
u
nd
01
mm tralia
III fibre-wrapped composite cylinder design) or for any shell that has been intentionally subjected
42
to plastic deformation (i.e. autofrettage), the strain at the design stress limit for each gauge shall be
s
itte
r0
Au
determined empirically prior to cycling the MH assemblies with hydrogen.

Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
6.2.6.3 Test method

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
For MH assemblies designed to be transported and used in a single orientation, at least five MH
1
-09
20
u A e an
assemblies shall be tested in that orientation, four shall be tested with the procedure including
04
vibrational sequence described below and one shall be tested only with hydrogen cycling without
tte
pr
of
mi
vibration. For MH assembly designs that do not preclude use in more than one orientation, at least three
rs
-09 r Com
be
MH assemblies shall be tested in two orientations perpendicular to each other, with the MH assembly
Th
em
axis horizontal and vertical. Two of each set of three shall be tested with the procedure including
mm 3 on
fo
eM
vibrational sequence and one shall be tested only with hydrogen cycling without vibration. The MH
19
itte
assemblies shall be hydrogen charge cycled from not more than 5 % of rated capacity to not less than
ers 4 20
ME
95 % of rated capacity. The RCP shall be used for charging and the temperatures shall be held within
r0
the operating temperature range. The cycling shall be continued for at least 106 cycles and until the
of
Co
Ap
acceptable results defined in 6.2.6.4 are met. If the measured strain on consecutive cycles exceeds the
to
hu
b
ed
design stress limit or plastic deformation of the shell material occurs, the testing shall be discontinued.
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
As a minimum, a measurement from each strain gauge shall be recorded on every cycle while at the
o C E-09
.L
maximum charge condition.

t
mi
nly
M
om
After the fifth complete cycle and then at intervals of not more than 50 cycles, with the MH assemblies
of
us
rs
charged to not more than 5 % of their rated capacity, depending on the orientation of use several MH
be
t
lia
d
assemblies shall be subjected to the following vibration sequence while in the orientation for cycling:
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
— A sinusoidal waveform with a logarithmic sweep between 7 Hz and 200 Hz and back to 7 Hz traversed
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
in 15 min. This cycle shall be repeated 12 times for a total of 3 h for each MH assembly. The logarithmic
tt
ard
mi
n
frequency sweep shall be as follows: from 7 Hz a peak acceleration of 1 gn shall be maintained until
nd
om
18 Hz is reached. The amplitude shall then be maintained at 0,8 mm (1,6 mm total excursion) and
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
18
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
the frequency increased until a peak acceleration of 8 gn occurs (approximately at 50 Hz). A peak
of
Ap
mi
acceleration of 8 gn shall then be maintained until the frequency is increased to 200 Hz.
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
For MH assemblies with a mass greater than 100 kg, the following vibration sequence may be used as
mm 3 on
fo
eM
an alternative to the above sequence.
19
itte
ers 4 20
— Simple harmonic motion with a vertical amplitude of 0,8 mm with a 1,6 mm maximum total
ME
r0
excursion. The frequency shall be varied at a rate of 1 Hz/min between the limits of 10 Hz to 55 Hz.
of
Co
Ap
The entire range of frequencies and return shall be traversed in (95 ± 5) min.
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
Figure 3 shows the minimum cycling requirements.
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
Key
u
nd
01
mm tralia
X cycle number
42
s
itte
r0
a Vibrate.
Au
Ap
rds
b Charge.
hu
Co
da
c Discharge.
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
d Last 50 consecutive cycles.

dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
Figure 3 — Graphical depiction of minimum cycle requirements

tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
Depending on the orientation of use of MH assemblies, one or two MH assemblies shall be subjected
em
only to the charge and discharge of hydrogen.

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20

ME
r0
of
Co
For each strain gauge in a period of 50 consecutive cycles, either the maximum measured strain shall
Ap
to
not be greater than 50 % of the strain at the design stress limit, or, there is no trend of increasing strain.
hu
b
ed
em
nT
The MH assembly shall be considered to have failed the test and a redesign shall be required if, for any
ns
e o tee M
3o
strain gauge, the strain for consecutive cycles exceeds the strain for the shell at the design stress limit
ice
o C E-09
or if the shell experiences plastic deformation.

.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
19
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
To determine that there is no trend of increase in strain, the data for each strain gauge with a maximum
of
Ap
mi
strain greater than 50 % of the strain at the design stress limit shall be analysed by the least squares
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
linear regression method, according to Formula (1):
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
 j+N 
19
 ∑
yi x i  − N y x
itte
ers 4 20
 i= j 
ME
a =  
r0
(1)
of
Co
Ap
 j+N 
∑
to
 x2  − N x 2
hu
b
 i= j i 
ed
em
nT
ns
 
eM
om 93 o
ice
where
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
a is the coefficient indicating the slope of the measured strain data;
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
x is the cycle number;
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us

e o ee M
j +N
c
1
sA
∑ xi
Sta ly. Li
x= (average cycle number);
itt
ard
N
alia omm
i= j
n
nd
oC
us
N shall be 50, the number of consecutive cycles analysed;

nd
dt
ea
se
str
y the measured strain; and

en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s

ard
j +N
1
Co
∑ yi
nl
y=
nd
(average strain).
e a se o
or
N
9f
i= j
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
The MH assembly shall be cycled until, for a period of 50 consecutive cycles, the coefficient a is less
s
itte
r0
Au
than or equal to zero for all strain gauges that have a strain reading greater than 50 % of the strain at
Ap
the design stress limit. The 50 cycles analysed shall be the final 50 consecutive cycles performed. This
rds
hu
Co
criterion shall be met by all strain gauges on an MH assembly for the same period of consecutive cycles.
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
Additionally, after completion of the cycling and strain measurement test, all MH assemblies shall be
dS
1
-09
pressurized, and with a blank-off on the outlet, the valve shall be cycled between the open and closed
20
u A e an
positions a minimum of two times. With the blank-off removed from the outlet, all MH assemblies shall
04
tte
meet the acceptance criteria of the leak test of 6.2.5. At least two MH assembly from each orientation
pr
of
mi
rs
tested shall be subjected to the fire test of 6.2.2 and meet the acceptance criteria. One of the MH
-09 r Com
be
Th
assembly shall tested with vibrational sequence and one without.

em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Further, for MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less, after completion of the leak
19
itte
ers 4 20
testing, at least one MH assembly from each orientation, tested with vibrational sequence, shall be
ME
pressurized to destruction. The burst test may be either a hydrostatic or a pneumatic burst test. The
r0
of
Co
recorded burst pressures shall exceed the minimum shell burst pressure specified in 5.3.2. All bursts
Ap
to
shall occur in a manner consistent with the initial burst specified in 6.2.3 and in the same manner for
hu
b
ed
em
nT
all tests performed.

ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
t
during pneumatic burst testing, personnel should be aware of the potential for releases of large
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
rs
For MH assemblies that employ an active cooling system to control and/or affect system temperature,
be
t
lia
d
em
any inadvertent leakage between the MH assembly and cooling fluid shall be considered a failure to
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
meet the acceptance criteria of this test.

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
20
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
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nd
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for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
6.2.7 Shut-off valve impact test
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6.2.7.1 General
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mm 3 on
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As indicated in 5.7.5, MH assembly designs that employ a removable means of valve protection shall be
19
itte
ers 4 20
subjected to the following shut-off valve impact test.
ME
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6.2.7.2 Sample preparation
to
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ed
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nT
Three MH assemblies shall be subjected to this shut-off valve impact test. For the purpose of this test,
ns
eM
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ballast may be used in place of the hydrogen absorbing alloy or the shell may be left empty. The MH
ice
assemblies shall not be pressurized with gas during the test. The removable shut-off valve protection
tte
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-0
mi
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shall be removed for this test.
ME
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A hardened steel ball or an impact object tipped with a hardened steel ball shall be used for this test.
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The hardened steel ball shall have a Brinell hardness of 248 ± 3 and its diameter shall be allowed to
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
vary with respect to the size of the shut-off valve to allow it to strike the side of the valve 90° to the itt
ard
alia omm
longitudinal axis of the valve and co-incident with a plane passing through the same axis. n
nd
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The hardened steel ball, or the impact object tipped with a hardened steel ball, as well as the MH assembly,
nd
dt
shall be conditioned for at least 4 h at −40 °C. Within 5 min after conditioning, the MH assembly shall be
ea
se
str
rigidly anchored and the shut-off valve shall be subjected to the following two impacts. The first impact
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
shall strike the side of the shut-off valve 90° to the longitudinal axis of the valve and co-incident with a
mm
s
ard
plane passing through the same axis. The points of impact on the shut-off valve shall not be obstructed
Co
nl
nd
by features such as outlet connecting threads, pressure relief devices, handwheel, etc. The hardened
e a se o
or
steel ball or the impact with a hardened steel ball object shall have sufficient mass and velocity to impart
9f
u
nd
01
the minimum energy specified in Table 2. After the first impact, the MH assembly shall be rotated 180°
mm tralia
42
and a second side impact test shall be conducted on the other side of the shut-off valve.
s
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Ap
rds
Table 2 — Ball impact requirements for valves

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Co
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tan
ME 9 for
MH assembly type Minimum energy (E)a

3o
dS
(V = internal volume in litres) joules

1
-09
20
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V < 0,35 1,02
04
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0,35 < V < 10 6,80
mi
rs
-09 r Com
10 < V < 25 13,50
be
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25 < V < 100 27,10
mm 3 on
fo
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19
100 < V 162,70
itte
ers 4 20
a For example, for a free falling impact object tipped with a hardened steel ball,
ME
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E = mgch
of
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to
where
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E is energy, expressed in joules (J);

ns
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3o
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m is mass of the impact object tipped with a hardened steel ball, expressed in kilograms (kg);
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gc is the acceleration due to gravity (9,8 m/s2);

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M
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h is the vertical drop height, expressed in metres (m).

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Following the two impact tests, each shut-off valve and MH assembly shall be visually inspected for
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Sta ly. Li
( )
tt
damage and subjected to the leak test of 6.2.5 at 20 +−10

ard
5 °C and MDP and meet the requirements

mi
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therein.
oC
us
lia
nd
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tra
ea
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en
21
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
The shut-off valve connection (inlet threads) shall remain intact without cracking and the shut-off
of
Ap
mi
valve shall be operative. A break of the handwheel shall not be considered as a failure to meet the test
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
requirements as long as the shut-off valve is still capable of being opened and closed.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
If the requirements of the leak test are not met or the shut-off valve does not remain operational after
19
the tests, the test shall be repeated on three MH assemblies fitted with their removable shut-off valve
itte
ers 4 20
ME
protection. If the three MH assemblies meet the acceptance criteria, the design shall be considered as
r0
acceptable, provided each MH assembly is marked in accordance with 7.2.3.
of
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to
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6.2.8 Thermal cycling test
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6.2.8.1 General
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mi
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ME
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The thermal cycling test shall be performed on MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or
of
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us
less only.
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o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
NOTE This test is performed to address potential concerns regarding not having performed a pressure
en
us
e o ee M
cycling test similar to that prescribed in the ISO cylinder standards. This test is intended to thermally cycle a
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
complete MH assembly over its service temperature range.
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
6.2.8.2 Test set-up
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nd
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For MH assemblies designed to be transported and used in a single orientation, at least five MH
ea
se
str
assemblies shall be tested in that orientation. For MH assembly designs that do not preclude use in more
en
itte
Au
than one orientation, at least three MH assemblies shall be tested in two orientations perpendicular to
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
each other, with the MH assembly axis horizontal and vertical.

ard
Co
nl
nd
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or
The MH assembly shall be filled to rated capacity with hydrogen. The MH assembly shall be placed
9f
u
in a temperature-controlled test chamber capable of cycling from minimum service temperature to

nd
01
mm tralia
maximum service temperature and vice versa over a period of 2 h.

42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap

rds
hu
Co
da
nT
The MH assemblies shall be subjected to the following thermal cycles (see Figure 4).
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
a) Place the MH assembly in the temperature-controlled test chamber and increase the chamber
1
-09
20
( )
u A e an
temperature from 20 +−10

5 °C to the maximum service temperature with a tolerance of ±5 °C in
04
tte
pr
of
mi
1 h ± 5 min.
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
b) Keep the MH assembly at the maximum service temperature with a tolerance of ±5 °C for a
mm 3 on
fo
eM
minimum of 1 h.
19
itte
( )
ers 4 20
c) Decrease the chamber temperature to 20 +−10

ME
5 °C in 1 h ± 5 min, then decrease the chamber

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of
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Ap
temperature to the minimum service temperature with a tolerance of ± 5 °C in 1 h ± 5 min.

to
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d) Hold the chamber temperature at the minimum service temperature with a tolerance of ±5 °C for a
nT
ns
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minimum of 1 h.
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
( )
t
e) Increase the chamber temperature to 20 +−10

mi
nly
5 °C in 1 h ± 5 min.
M
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of
f) Repeat steps a) to e) 50 times.

us
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oC
us
lia
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tra
ea
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en
22
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
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Ap
to
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nT
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eM
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tte
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ME
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of
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o
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c
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Sta ly. Li
itt
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n
nd
oC
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nd
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ea
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str
Key
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
X time (h)
mm
s
ard
Y temperature (°C)
Co
nl
nd
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or
9f
Figure 4 — Temperature cycling test example cycle

u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
Au

Ap
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hu
Co
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Each MH assembly shall be subjected to, and meet the acceptance criteria of, the leak test of 6.2.5
nT
tan
ME 9 for
following the thermal cycling test.

3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
After completion of the leak testing, at least one MH assembly from each orientation tested shall be
04
pressurized to destruction. The burst test may be either a hydrostatic or a pneumatic burst test. The
tte
pr
of
recorded burst pressures shall exceed the minimum shell burst pressure specified in 5.3.2. All bursts
mi
rs
-09 r Com
shall occur in a manner consistent with the initial burst test specified in 6.2.3 and in the same manner
be
Th
em
for all tests performed.

mm 3 on
fo
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19
itte
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ME
r0
of
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Ap
to
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6.2.9 Type test reports

b
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3o
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The type test reports verifying compliance with the requirements of this document shall be made
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.L
available to users upon request.

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6.3 Batch tests

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6.3.1 General requirements

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Sta ly. Li
Batch testing shall be conducted at specified intervals during manufacturing to ensure consistency of
tt
ard
mi
the manufactured MH assemblies with the prototype design.

n
nd
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oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
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us
en
23
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
The size of a batch shall be determined by the manufacturer with consideration to the volume of MH
of
Ap
mi
assembly and the material of construction. Two type of batch size can be considered:
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
a) The hydride–batch size consists of one lot of hydrogen absorbing alloy or as approved by the
mm 3 on
fo
eM
competent authority.
19
itte
ers 4 20
b) The shell-batch size consists of the batch size of the shell as defined in the shell standard, or as
ME
r0
approved by the competent authority.
of
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to
All batch tests of the MH assembly shall be carried out on finished MH assemblies.
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
6.3.2 Burst test for shell-batch
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
At least one shell from each batch shall be pressurized to destruction.
eo
of
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For MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml, the burst tests methods and acceptance
rs
o
be
dt
lia
criteria shall meet the requirements of the standard (see 5.3.1) to which the shell is designed.
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
For MH assemblies with an internal volume of 120 ml or less, the burst tests shall be performed in
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
accordance with 6.2.3. All bursts shall occur in a manner consistent with the initial bursts tests
itt
ard
alia omm
specified in 6.2.3 and in the same manner for all tests performed.
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
6.3.3 MDP Test for hydride-batch

Co
nl
nd
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or
At least one MH assembly from each hydride-batch shall be tested to verify the MDP according to 4.1.1.
9f
u
In no case the MDP of each batch shall exceed 0,80 times the test pressure of the shell or 25 MPa.
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
6.4 Routine tests and inspections

Au
Ap
rds
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Co
da
6.4.1 Routine tests

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
The manufacturer shall perform routine tests and inspection on each MH assembly and maintain
1
-09
20
u A e an
records for not less than 20 years or 1,5 times the service life of the MH assembly, whichever is longer.
04
tte
pr
of
As part of the routine tests, each completed MH assembly shall be subjected to the leak test of 6.2.5 at
mi
( )
rs
-09 r Com
20 +−10
be
5 °C and RCP and meet the acceptance criteria.

Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
For all shells used in the manufacturing of MH assemblies, the MH assembly manufacturer shall obtain
19
and maintain the documentation verifying that the shell was manufactured, tested and qualified
itte
ers 4 20
ME
in accordance to the shell standard. The MH assembly manufacturer shall also perform incoming
r0
inspection of shells to the degree necessary to ensure that the shells meet the specified requirements.
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to
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6.4.2 Certificates of manufacture

ed
em
nT
ns
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3o
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A certificate of manufacture shall be prepared for each batch of MH assemblies that meets the
o C E-09
.L
requirements of this document in all respects. An example of a suitably worded certificate is given in
t
mi
nly
M
Annex D.
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of
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be
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tra
ea
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us
en
24
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
7 Marking, labelling, and documentation
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
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be
Th
7.1 Marking
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
The MH assembly shall have, as a minimum, the following information permanently marked in a clearly
itte
ers 4 20
visible location:
ME
r0
of
Co
a) a reference to this document, i.e. ISO 16111;
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
b) the RCP in bar;
em
nT
ns
eM
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ice
c) the manufacturer's identification;
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
d) the date of manufacturing (month and year);
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of
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e) a manufacturer's serial or unique identification number; and
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
f) the date of expiry based on the maximum service life (month and year).
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
In cases where, due to size or area limitations, it is not possible to include all of the above information
itt
ard
in a legible format, the use of a traceable code may be used. If a traceable code is used, the MH assembly
alia omm
n
nd
shall still be permanently marked with the RCP, the manufacturer's serial or unique identification
oC
us
number and the date of expiry as per b), e) and f).

nd
dt
ea
se
str
7.2 Labelling
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
7.2.1 General
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
The precautionary labelling shall be in accordance with ISO 7225. Labels shall not obscure any
u
nd
01
mm tralia
permanent shell markings.

42
s
itte
r0
In cases where, due to size or area limitations, it is not possible to include all information on the label,
Au
Ap
the information may be included on the packaging or in the documentation distributed with the
rds
hu
Co
product, except for a warning that the “contents are flammable”, which shall always be included on the
da
nT
tan
product label.
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
NOTE The authority having jurisdiction might require additional labelling such as the appropriate UN
20
u A e an
identification number and description as defined in the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous
04
tte
Goods, part or model number and other cautions and hazard warnings pertinent to the metal hydride MH
pr
of
mi
assembly.
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
7.2.2 Hazards associated with the solid materials

fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
The manufacturer shall include on the label warnings consistent with the potential hazards of the
ME
materials contained within the MH assembly. Consideration should include hazards from reactivity
r0
of
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with air, water or other fluids.

Ap
to
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b
ed
em
nT
7.2.3 Labelling concerning removable valve protection

ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
When required by 6.2.7.4, labelling shall include the following, “WARNING: Valve may be damaged if
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
subjected to impact. KEEP VALVE PROTECTION IN PLACE WHEN NOT CONNECTED FOR USE.”
M
om
of
us
rs
7.2.4 Temperature warning labelling

be
t
lia
d
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tra
The manufacturer shall include on the label a warning: “DO NOT EXPOSE TO TEMPERATURES ABOVE
en
us
e o ee M
xx °C, OPEN FLAMES OR IGNITION SOURCES.”, where xx shall be no greater than the maximum service
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
or operating temperature whichever is greater.

tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
According to 4.3.2, the minimum and maximum ambient shell temperatures for normal service
oC
us
conditions shall be a minimum of −40 °C and a maximum of +65 °C. If the maximum and minimum shell
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
25
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
temperatures are to be different from those specified, they shall be identified by the manufacturer on
of
Ap
mi
the label.
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
8 Documentation accompanying the product
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
8.1 Safety data sheets
r0
of
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Ap
The safety data sheets (SDS) covering both the hydrogen gas and the contained hydrogen absorbing
to
hu
b
ed
alloy shall be provided for inclusion with all product shipments. The SDS shall include safety and
em
nT
ns
handling requirements to be followed in case of hydrogen leakage and/or breach of the storage system,
eM
om 93 o
ice
exposing the hydrogen absorbing alloy and any potential reactivity with substances such as air, water
tte
.L
-0
and cooling fluids, if applicable. Particular attention should be provided by the manufacturer about the
mi
nl y
ME
flammability of metal hydride and shall provide safety recommendation in case of metal hydride fire.
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of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
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8.2 User's or operating manual
em
se
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en
us
e o ee M
c
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8.2.1 General
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
A user's or operating manual shall be provided by the manufacturer. The user's or operating manual
oC
shall include the minimum service conditions specified in Clause 4, hydrogen quality, initial fill and refill
us
procedures, disposal and recycling information and/or other pertinent limitations on use, including the
nd
dt
ea
se
minimum ventilation for the in-use and storage locations, the minimum periodic testing and inspection
str
en
itte
Au
procedures, if applicable.
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
8.2.2 Initial fill and refill procedures

nd
e a se o
or
9f
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8.2.2.1 Inspection prior to initial filling and refilling

nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
The manufacturer shall specify inspection procedures to be carried out prior to initial filling and prior
Au
Ap
to refilling of the MH assembly.

rds
hu
Co
da
nT
Items to be inspected shall include whether the MH assembly is within its service life, labels are legible
tan
ME 9 for
3o
and secure, components are not damaged or missing in the interface, and that the shell and valve are
dS
1
-09
not damaged, and have not been tampered with or abused.

20
u A e an
04
tte
Criteria shall be provided as to when refilling is allowed or when an MH assembly shall be removed
pr
of
mi
from service.
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
8.2.2.2 Charging specifications

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
The manufacturer shall provide the following information, for the initial filling and refilling of the MH
ers 4 20
ME
assembly:
r0
of
Co
Ap
— safety precautions and potential hazards of which to be aware;

to
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b
ed
em
nT
— method for determining when the rated capacity described in 4.2 has been achieved;
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
— minimum and maximum pressure range (maximum pressure shall not exceed RCP);
.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
— minimum and maximum temperature range;

of
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— other special conditions required for the initial filling and refilling.
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8.2.2.3 Equipment
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
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mi
The manufacturer shall specify the requirements for the equipment to be used for initial filling and
n
nd
om
refilling of MH assemblies to prevent overcharging.

oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
26
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
8.2.2.4 Inspections and checks after initial filling and refilling
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
The manufacturer shall specify an inspection procedure to be carried out after the initial filling and
Th
em
after refilling of the MH assembly. Items to be inspected shall include leakage of hydrogen from the MH
mm 3 on
fo
eM
assembly and damaged or missing components in the interface (e.g. damaged threads, O-rings or seals).
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
8.2.2.5 Periodic inspection and testing
r0
of
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Ap
The manufacturer shall specify the minimum periodic inspection and testing requirements. These
to
hu
b
ed
requirements shall be in accordance with the applicable ISO periodic inspection and test standard for
em
nT
ns
the shell (e.g. ISO 6406, ISO 10461 and ISO 11623). In all cases, the periodicity for the periodic inspection
eM
om 93 o
ice
and testing shall not exceed 5 years.
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
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of
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us
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o
be
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c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
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Ap
to
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ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
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o C E-09
.L
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M
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of
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be
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c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
27
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Annex A
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
(informative)
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Material compatibility for hydrogen service
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
A.1 Material compatibility for hydrogen service
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
The components in which gaseous hydrogen or hydrogen-containing fluids are processed, as well as
mi
nl y
ME
all parts used to seal or interconnect the same, should be sufficiently resistant to the chemical and
eo
of
C
physical action of hydrogen at the operating conditions.
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
A.2 Metals and metallic materials
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
The users of this document should be aware that engineering materials exposed to hydrogen in their
alia omm
n
nd
service environment may exhibit an increased susceptibility to hydrogen assisted corrosion via
oC
different mechanisms such as hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen attack.

us
nd
dt
Hydrogen embrittlement is defined as a process resulting in a decrease of the toughness or ductility of a

ea
se
str
en
metal due to the permeation of atomic hydrogen.

itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Hydrogen embrittlement has been recognized classically as being of two types. The first, known as
Co
nl
nd
internal hydrogen embrittlement, occurs when the hydrogen enters the metal matrix through material
e a se o
or
processing techniques and supersaturates the metal with hydrogen. The second type, environmental
9f
u
nd
01
hydrogen embrittlement, results from hydrogen being absorbed by solid metals coming from the
mm tralia
42
service environment.
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
The atomic hydrogen dissolved within a metal interacts with the intrinsic defects of the metal typically
rds
hu
increasing crack-propagation susceptibility, and thus degrading such basic properties as ductility and
Co
da
nT
fracture toughness. There are both important material and environmental variables that contribute
tan
ME 9 for
3o
to hydrogen-assisted fractures in metals. The material microstructure is an important consideration

dS
1
-09
as second phases, which may or may not be present due to compositional and processing variations,
20
u A e an
may affect the resistance of the metal to fracture. Second phases, such as ferrite stringers in austenitic
04
tte
stainless steels, may also have a specific orientation leading to profound anisotropic response in the
pr
of
mi
rs
materials. In general, metals can also be processed to have a wide range of strengths, and the resistance
-09 r Com
be
Th
to hydrogen-assisted fracture is known to decrease as the strength of the alloy is increased.

em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
The environmental variables affecting hydrogen-assisted fracture include the pressure of hydrogen,
19
itte
ers 4 20
temperature, chemical environment and strain rate. In general, the susceptibility to hydrogen-
ME
assisted fracture increases as hydrogen pressure increases. The effect of temperature, however, is not
r0
of
Co
as systematic. Some metals such as austenitic stainless steels exhibit a local maximum in hydrogen-
Ap
to
assisted fracture susceptibility as a function of temperature. Although not well understood, trace gases
hu
b
ed
em
mixed with hydrogen gas can also affect hydrogen-assisted fractures. Moisture, for example, may be
nT
ns
e o tee M
detrimental to aluminium alloys since wet oxidation produces high-fugacity hydrogen, while in some
3o
ice
steels moisture is believed to improve the resistance to hydrogen-assisted fracture by producing

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
surface films that serve as kinetic barriers to hydrogen uptake. A so-called inverse strain rate effect is
M
om
generally observed in the presence of hydrogen; in other words, metals are less susceptible to hydrogen-
of
us
assisted fracture at high strain rates.

rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
At temperatures close to ambient, this phenomenon can affect metals with body centred cubic crystal
en
us
e o ee M
lattice structure, for example ferritic steels. In the absence of residual stress or external loading,
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
environmental hydrogen embrittlement is manifested in various forms, such as blistering, internal

tt
ard
mi
cracking, hydride formation and reduced ductility. With a tensile stress or stress-intensity factor
n
nd
om
exceeding a specific threshold, the atomic hydrogen interacts with the metal to induce sub-critical
oC
us
crack growth leading to fracture.

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
28
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
Hydrogen embrittlement can occur during elevated-temperature thermal treatments, and in service
of
Ap
mi
during electroplating, contact with maintenance chemicals, corrosion reactions, cathodic protection,
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
and operating in high-pressure or high temperature hydrogen.
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Many low-alloyed structural steels may suffer from hydrogen attack at temperatures as low as 200 °C.
19
This is a non-reversible degradation of the steel microstructure caused by a chemical reaction between
itte
ers 4 20
ME
diffusing hydrogen and the carbide particles in the steel that results in the nucleation, growth and
r0
merging of methane bubbles along grain boundaries to form fissures.
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
Hydride embrittlement occurs in metals such as titanium and zirconium and is the process of forming
b
ed
em
nT
thermodynamically stable and relatively brittle hydride phases within the structure.
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
Clad welding and welds between dissimilar materials often involve high alloy materials. During
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
operation at temperatures over 250 °C, hydrogen diffuses in the fusion line between the high-alloy weld
eo
and the unalloyed/low alloy base material. During shutdown, the material temperature drops. The
of
C
us
rs
reduced solubility and diffusibility of hydrogen breaks the weld by disbonding.
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
The following are some general recommendations for managing the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
— Select raw materials with a low susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement by controlling the
itt
ard
alia omm
chemistry (e.g. use of carbide stabilizers), microstructure (e.g. use of austenitic stainless steels),
n
nd
and mechanical properties (e.g. restriction of hardness, preferably below 225 HV, and minimization
oC
us
of residual stresses through heat treatment). Use test methods specified in ISO 11114-4 to select
nd
dt
metallic materials resistant to hydrogen embrittlement. The API Publication 941 shows the
ea
se
str
limitations of various types of steel as a function of hydrogen pressure and temperature. The
en
itte
Au
susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of some commonly used metals is summarized in ISO/

Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
TR 15916.
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
— Clad welds and welds between dissimilar materials used in hydrogen service should be ultrasonically
9f
u
tested at regular intervals and after uncontrolled shutdowns in which the equipment may have
nd
01
mm tralia
cooled rapidly.
42
s
itte
r0
Au
— Minimize the level of applied stress and exposure to fatigue situations.

Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
— When plating parts, manage the anode/cathode surface area and efficiency, resulting in proper
nT
tan
ME 9 for
control of applied current densities. High current densities increase hydrogen charging.
3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
— Clean the metals using non-cathodic alkaline solutions, and using inhibited acid solutions.
04
tte
— Use abrasive cleaners for materials having a hardness of 40 HRC or above.

pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
— Use process control checks, when necessary, to mitigate risk of hydrogen embrittlement during
Th
em
manufacturing.
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
A.3 Polymers, elastomers and other non-metallic materials

ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
Most polymers can be considered suitable for gaseous hydrogen service. Due account should be given
to
hu
to the fact that hydrogen diffuses through these materials much more easily than through metals.
ed
em
nT
ns
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) are generally suitable for

e o tee M
3o
ice
hydrogen service. Suitability of other materials should be verified. Guidance can be found in ISO 11114-2,
o C E-09
.L
ISO/TR 15916 and ANSI/AIAA G-095.

t
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
A.4 Other references

rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
Further guidance on hydrogen assisted corrosion and control techniques may be found through the
en
us
e o ee M
following organizations and their standards:

sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
A.4.1 International Organization for Standardization (www.iso.org)

nd
om
oC
us
See Bbibliography [1] to[12].

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
29
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
A.4.2 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (www.aiaa.org)
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
See Bibliography [13].
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
A.4.3 American Petroleum Institute (www.api.org)
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
See Bibliography [14] and [15].
r0
of
Co
Ap
A.4.4 American Society for Testing and Materials (www.astm.org)
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
See Bibliography [16] to [30].
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
A.4.5 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (www.asme.org)
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
A.4.6 American Welding Society (www.aws.org)
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
See Bibliography [34].
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
A.4.7 ASM International (www.asminternational.org) and Society of Automotive
oC
us
Engineers (www.sae.org)
nd
dt
ea
se

str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
A.4.8 National Association of Corrosion Engineers (www.nace.org)

ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
See Bibliography [38] and [39].

or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
30
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Annex B
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
(normative)
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Environmental tests
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
B.1 Exposure to fluids
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
B.1.1 General
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
This test is applicable to MH assembly shells comprised of Type II, III and IV fibre-wrapped cylinders.
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
Two shells shall be tested in a condition representative of installed geometry including coating (if
en
us
e o ee M
applicable), brackets and gaskets, and pressure fittings using the same sealing configuration (i.e.
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
O-rings) as that used in service.
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
The two shells are subjected to preconditioning in accordance with B.1.2 and then exposed to a sequence
oC
us
of environments, pressures and temperatures in accordance with Table B.1. Although preconditioning

nd
and fluid exposure is performed on the cylindrical section of the shell, all of the shell, including the
dt
ea
se
domed sections, shall be as resistant to the exposure environments as are the exposed areas. As an
str
en
itte
Au
alternative, a single cylinder approach may be used in which both the immersion test and the other
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
fluid exposure test may be carried out on one cylinder as indicated in Table B.1. In this case, care shall
ard
Co
be taken to prevent cross contamination among the fluids.

nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
B.1.2 Preconditioning
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
B.1.2.1 Preconditioning apparatus

Au
Ap
rds
hu
The following types of apparatus shall be used for preconditioning the test shell by pendulum and
Co
da
nT
gravel impact.
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
The pendulum impact apparatus shall comprise:

20
u A e an
04
a) a steel impact body having the shape of a pyramid with equilateral triangle faces and a square base,
tte
pr
of
mi
the summit and the edges being rounded to a radius of 3 mm;

rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
b) a pendulum, the centre of percussion of which coincides with the centre of gravity of the pyramid;
mm 3 on
fo
eM
its distance from the axis of rotation of the pendulum being 1 m and the total mass of the pendulum
19
referred to its centre of percussion being 15 kg;

itte
ers 4 20
ME
c) a means of determining that the energy of the pendulum at the moment of impact is not less than
r0
of
Co
Ap
30 N⋅m and is as close to that value as possible;

to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
d) a means of holding the shell in position by the end bosses during impact.
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
The gravel impact machine shall comprise:

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
a) an impact machine, constructed according to the design specifications shown in Figure B.1 and
om
of
capable of being operated in accordance with ASTM D3170 except that the shell may be at ambient
us
rs
temperature during gravel impact;

be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
b) gravel, comprising alluvial road gravel passing through a 16 mm space screen but retained on a
us
e o ee M
c
sA
9,5 mm space screen. Each application shall consist of 550 ml of graded gravel (approximately 250
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
stones to 300 stones).
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
31
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
tte
Dimensions in millimetres
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
Key
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
1 funnel
rds
hu
2 shell under test

Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3 air inlet
3o
dS
4 50 mm pipe
1
-09
20
u A e an
5 cabinet approximately 500 mm wide

04
tte
6 sizing screen
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
Figure B.1 — Gravel impact machine

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
B.1.2.2 Preconditioning procedure

r0
of
Co
Ap
B.1.2.2.1 Preconditioning for the immersion test

to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
Preconditioning by both pendulum impact and gravel impact shall be carried out on the portion of the
e o tee M
3o
ice
shell to be used for the immersion test (see B.1.3.1).

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
With the shell unpressurized, precondition the central section of the shell that will be submerged, by
M
om
of
an impact of the pendulum body at three locations spaced approximately 150 mm apart. Following the
us
rs
pendulum impact, precondition each of the three locations by gravel impact application. Additionally,
be
t
lia
d
precondition by a single impact of the pendulum body a location within the submerged portion of each
em
se
tra
en
us
domed section and 50 mm (measured axially) from the tangent.

e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
32
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
B.1.2.2.2 Preconditioning for the other fluid exposure test
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Preconditioning by gravel impact only shall be carried out on the portion of the shell to be used for the
Th
em
other fluid exposure test (see B.1.3.2).
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
Divide the upper section of the cylinder used for the other fluid exposure test into five distinct areas
itte
ers 4 20
ME
of a nominal diameter 100 mm and mark these for preconditioning and fluid exposure (see Figure B.2).
r0
Ensure that the areas do not overlap on the shell surface. If the single shell approach is used, also ensure
of
Co
Ap
that these areas do not overlap with the section of the shell that will be subjected to the immersion test.
to
hu
While convenient for testing, the areas need not be oriented along a single line.
b
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
With the shell unpressurized, precondition each of the five marked areas identified as per the above
ice
tte
.L
instructions (see Figure B.2) for the other fluid exposure test by gravel impact application.
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
nd
01
Key
mm tralia
42
1 other fluid exposure area

s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
2 immersion area (lower third)

rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan
Figure B.2 — Cylinder orientation and layout of exposure areas

ME 9 for
3o
dS
1
-09
20
u A e an
B.1.3 Test conditions

04
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
B.1.3.1 Immersion test

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
At the appropriate stages in the test sequence (see Table B.1), orient the shell horizontally to immerse
eM
19
the lower third of the shell diameter in a simulated acid rain/road salt water solution composed of the
itte
ers 4 20
following compounds:
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
— deionized water;
to
hu
b
ed
em
— a mass fraction of (2,5 ± 0,1) % of sodium chloride;

nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
— a mass fraction of (2,5 ± 0,1) % of calcium chloride;

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
— sulfuric acid in sufficient quantity to achieve a solution pH of 4,0 ± 0,2.

M
om
of
us
rs
Adjust the solution level and pH prior to each step of the immersion test.
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
Maintain the temperature of the bath at (21 ± 5) °C. During immersion, hold the unsubmerged section
en
us
e o ee M
of the shell in ambient air.

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
33
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
B.1.3.2 Other fluid exposure
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
At the appropriate stages in the test sequence (see Table B.1), expose each marked area to one of five
Th
em
test solutions described below. Use the same test solution for each location throughout the test:
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
— an aqueous solution with a minimum volume fraction of 19 % of sulfuric acid;
itte
ers 4 20
ME
— an aqueous solution with a minimum mass fraction of 25 % sodium hydroxide;
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
— a volume fraction of 30 % methanol in gasoline;
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
— an aqueous solution with a minimum mass fraction of 28 % ammonium nitrate;
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
— an aqueous solution with a minimum volume fraction of 50 % methyl alcohol (i.e. windscreen
mi
nl y
ME
washer fluid).
eo
of
C
us
rs
During the exposure, orient the test cylinder with the exposure area uppermost. Place a pad of glass
o
be
dt
lia
wool approximately 0,5 mm thick and 100 mm in diameter on each of the preconditioned areas. Using
em
se
tra
a pipette, apply 5 ml of the test solution to the glass wool pad. Ensure that the glass wool pad is wetted
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
evenly across its surface and through its thickness. Pressurize the shell and remove the glass wool pad
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
after pressurization for 30 min.
alia omm
n
nd
oC
us
B.1.3.3 Pressure cycle

nd
dt
ea
se
At the appropriate stage in the test sequence (see Table B.1), subject the shell to hydraulic or pneumatic
str
en
itte
Au
pressure cycles of between 5 % MDP and MDP for the ambient and high temperature steps, and between
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
5 % MDP and 60 % MDP for the lower temperature steps. Hold the maximum pressure for a minimum
ard
Co
of 60 s and ensure that each full cycle takes no less than 66 s.
nl
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
B.1.3.4 High and low temperature exposure

nd
01
mm tralia
42
At the appropriate stages in the test sequence (see Table B.1), bring the surface of the shell to a high or
s
itte
r0
Au
low temperature in air. The low temperature shall be no higher than −35 °C and the high temperature
Ap
rds
shall be at minimum the maximum service temperature (65 °C or greater) as measured on the surface
hu
Co
da
nT
of the shell.
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
B.1.4 Test procedure

-09
20
u A e an
04
tte
Precondition the shells (or shell in the single shell approach) in accordance with B.1.2.
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Carry out the sequences of fluid, pressure cycling and temperature exposure as defined in Table B.1. Do
Th
em
not wash or wipe the shell surface between stages;

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
Table B.1 — Test conditions and sequence

ers 4 20
ME
r0
Test steps
of
Co
Ap
to
Two shell Single shell ap-

hu
Number of
b
ed
approach proach Environment Temperature

em
nT
pressure cycles
ns
e o tee M
3o
Alternative
ice
Shell no. 1 Shell no. 2

o C E-09
single shell
.L
t
mi
nly
other fluids
M
om
— 1 1 — ambient
(30 min)
of
us
rs
500 × service
be
t
lia
1 — 2 immersion ambient
d
life (years)
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
250 × service
c
— 2 — air ambient
sA
Sta ly. Li
life (years)
tt
ard
mi
other fluids
n
nd
om
— 3 3 — ambient
(30 min)
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
34
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Table B.1 (continued)
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
Test steps
u
be
Th
em
Two shell Single shell ap-
mm 3 on
Number of
fo
eM
approach proach Environment Temperature
19
pressure cycles
itte
ers 4 20
Alternative
ME
Shell no. 1 Shell no. 2
single shell
r0
of
Co
Ap
250 × service
2 4 4 air low
to
life (years)
hu
b
ed
em
nT
other fluids
ns
— 5 5 — ambient
eM
om 93 o
ice
(30 min)
tte
.L
-0
250 × service
mi
nl y
3 6 6 air high
ME
life (years)
eo
of
C
us
rs
Following completion of the sequences, all MH assemblies shall be pressurized to destruction as per
o
be
dt
lia
6.2.4.4.2 or 6.2.4.4.3 and meet the acceptance criteria.
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
B.2 Salt water immersion test itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
B.2.1 General
oC
us
nd
dt
This test is mandatory for all MH assemblies intended for underwater discharging/refilling or
ea
se
str
underwater applications. It is optional for other uses.

en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
B.2.2 Set-up
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
The shell shall be unpainted but otherwise finished as for the intended application.
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
42
For shells comprised of Type II and Type III fibre-wrapped cylinders, the liner may be painted or
s
itte
r0
protected from corrosion in any manner that is included in the design submission.
Au
Ap
rds
hu
B.2.3 Immersion period

Co
da
nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
Two closed unpressurized shells shall be immersed for a period of between 1 h and 2 h in a well aerated
dS
1
-09
aqueous solution containing at least 35 g/l of sodium chloride at a temperature not less than 20 °C.
20
u A e an
04
tte
After 2 h, the pressure of the shell shall be increased to and maintained at five-sixths the MDP for not
pr
of
mi
less than 22 h. Pressure is then to be released.

rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
B.2.4 Drying period

mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
After the immersion period, the shells shall be taken out from the sodium chloride solution and
ers 4 20
ME
subjected to natural drying conditions in ambient atmosphere for not less than 22 h.
r0
of
Co
Ap
The pressure of the shell shall be increased to and maintained at five-sixths the MDP for not less than
to
hu
2 h. Pressure is then to be released.

ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
B.2.5 Duration of test and acceptance criteria

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
The cycle consisting of the immersion and the drying period as per B.2.3 and B.2.4 shall be repeated
M
om
of
45 times.
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
On completion of the test, one of the two shells shall be pressurized to destruction as per 6.2.4.4.2 or
em
se
tra
6.2.4.4.3 and meet the acceptance criteria. The other shell shall be subjected to the ambient cycle test
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
of ISO 11119-2:2012, 8.5.5, and withstand 3 000 pressurization cycles at five-sixths the MDP without
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
failure by burst or leakage.

mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
35
tte

sA
Lic
mi
Lic
en
se

sA dt
us oC
36
tra om
mi lia mi
tt
tte us
ea e o ee M
nd n em
Sta ly. Li be
nd c en rs
of
ard se
d M
sA
us t o C E-09
tra om 3o
lia mi nT
us t hu
e o tee M Ap b) the test pressure;
ISO 16111:2018(E)
nly em r0
.L
ice b ers 4 20
ns of 19
ed ME fo
to -09 r Com
Co
c) the duration of immersion;
mm 3 on mi
itte Th tte
eM u A e an
em pr dS
be 04 tan
rs 20 da
of 1 rds
ME 9 for Au
-09 Co s
3o mm tralia
nT itte u
hu e a se o
nl
Ap nd
r0 Sta y. Lic

42 nd en
d) the parameters specified in 6.2.4.4.2 or 6.2.4.4.3;
01 ard se
9f
or s Au
dt
oC
e) the parameters specified in ISO 11119-2:2012, 8.5.5.
Co str
mm alia omm
itte us itt
ea e o ee M
nd n em
Sta ly. Li be
nd c en rs
of
ard se ME
sA dt
us o C
-0
tra om 93 o
a) the temperature of the sodium chloride solution, at least once a day;
lia mi nT
us tte hu
The following parameters shall be monitored during the test and recorded:
eo eM Ap
nl y em r0
.L
ice b ers 4 20
ns of 19
ed ME fo
to -09 r Com
Co mi
mm 3 on tte
itte Th ea
eM u Ap nd
em r0 Sta
be 4 20 nd
rs 19 a rd
of
ME for
-0 9 C
3 o om
nT
hu

3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Annex C
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
(informative)
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Type approval certificate
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
This annex provides an example of a suitable form of a type approval certificate. Other formats are also
em
nT
ns
acceptable.
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
TYPE APPROVAL CERTIFICATE
mi
nl y
ME
eo
of
C
Issued by:
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
(Authorized inspection authority)
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA

Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
nd
applying ISO 16111 concerning
oC
us
Metal hydride (MH) assemblies

nd
dt
ea
se
str
en
Approval no. Date

itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
MH assembly design:
Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or
[Description of the family of MH assembly (drawing no.) which has received type approval]
9f
u
nd
01
mm tralia
MH assembly description and design criteria:

42
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
Maximum developed pressure (MDP): bar

rds
hu
Co
da
Stress level at MDP: bar

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
Rated charging pressure (RCP): bar

1
-09
20
u A e an
04
Rated hydrogen capacity: g

tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
Operating temperature range: °C

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
Service temperature range: °C

fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
Service life: years

ME
r0
of
Co
Number, location, size, flow capacity and type of pressure relief device (PRD):
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
PRD activation pressure (as applicable): bar

em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
PRD activation temperature (as applicable): °C

o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
Hydrogen absorbing alloy:

M
om
of
us
rs
Means of solid particulate containment (as applicable):

be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
Internal component (as applicable):

en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
Exterior coating (as applicable):

tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
Cooling system (as applicable):

oC
us
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
37
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Shell description and design criteria1):
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
Design and Construction Standard (e.g. ISO 9809-1):
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Test pressure, ph: bar Outside diameter (nominal): mm
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
Minimum guaranteed wall thickness, a′: mm
r0
of
Co
Ap
Shape of base:
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
Length (nominal): mm Water capacity (nominal): l
ns
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
Heat treatment:
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
Material type and properties: Material: Re MPa Rg: MP
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt

lia
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
MH assembly manufacturer or agent
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm

n
nd
(Name and address of MH assembly manufacturer or its agent)
oC
us
nd

dt
ea
se
str

en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic

mm
s
ard
All information may be obtained from:

Co
nl
nd
e a se o
or

9f
u
nd
01
(Name and address of approving body)

mm tralia
42
s
itte
r0
I hereby certify that I have determined that the MH assembly design described on this type approval
Au
Ap
certificate complies in all respects to ISO 16111. The type test reports are attached hereto.
rds
hu
Co
da
nT
tan

ME 9 for
3o
dS
Date Place
1
-09
20
u A e an

04
tte
Signature of inspector
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
1) Need not be completed if shell manufacturer’s drawing and acceptance certificate are attached.
lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
38
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Annex D
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
(informative)
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Acceptance certificate
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
b
ed
This annex provides an example of a suitable form of acceptance certificate. Other formats are also
em
nT
ns
acceptable.
eM
om 93 o
ice
tte
.L
-0
ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE
mi
nl y
ME
eo
Acceptance certificate no.: ______ for metal hydride assemblies
of
C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
A consignment of ______ MH assemblies consisting of ______ batches has been inspected and tested in
em
se
tra
accordance with ISO 16111.
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
Manufacturer of MH assembly:
alia omm
n
nd
Location:
oC
us
nd
dt
Quantity:
ea
se
str
en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
Test date (month, year):

mm
s
ard
Co
nl
Shell manufacturer:
nd
e a se o
or
9f
u
Location: Batch number(s):

nd
01
mm tralia
42
TECHNICAL DATA
s
itte
r0
Au
Ap
rds
Nominal length (without cap and

hu
Co
da
nT
Water capacity: nominal l without valve): mm

tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
Test pressure of shell, ph: bar Nominal outside diameter, D:

1
mm
-09
20
u A e an
04
Minimum burst pressure Design and construction

tte
pr
of
mi
of shell: bar standard for shell:

rs
-09 r Com
be
Th
em
Maximum developed
mm 3 on
fo
eM
pressure (MDP): bar Stress level at MDP: MPa

19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
Minimum guaranteed wall

r0
Rated charging pressure (RCP): bar thickness of shell, a′: mm

of
Co
Ap
to
hu
Rated hydrogen capacity: g Drawing no.:

b
ed
em
nT
ns
e o tee M
3o
Operating temperature range: °C Service temperature range: °C

ice
o C E-09
.L
t
mi
nly
Pressure relief device(s) type,

M
om
number, location: Service life: years

of
us
rs
be
Markings2):
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M

c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
Date The manufacturer

ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
2) To be quoted or drawing to be attached.

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
39
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
ACCEPTANCE TESTS
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
My record of tests and inspection for each batch of MH assemblies covered by this certificate is as
be
Th
em
follows3):
mm 3 on
fo
eM
19
itte
Covering serial Burst Test
ers 4 20
ME
Shell-batch number Nos. __________________ Burst Pressure, Enter “Pass “ or
r0
of
Co
bar “Fail”
Ap
to. __________________
to
hu
b

ed
em
nT
ns

eM
om 93 o
ice

tte
.L
-0
mi
nl y
ME

eo
of

C
us
rs
o
be
dt
lia
The above results represent sample MH assemblies selected from each batch. All other MH assemblies
em
se
tra
in the batch were subjected to a leak test at (enter temperature) °C, pressurized to RCP, and met the
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
applicable.
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
alia omm
n
Acceptance criteria of ISO 16111, 6.2.5.
nd
oC
us
A certified report of manufacture and test of the shells (acceptance certificate) is attached hereto.
nd
dt
ea
se
str
Covering serial MDP Test

en
itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
Hydride-batch number Nos. __________________ Maximum

s
ard
Enter “Pass “ or
Developed
Co
nl
“Fail”
nd
e a se o
to. __________________ Pressure, bar

or
9f

u
nd
01
mm tralia

42
s
itte
r0

Au
Ap
rds

hu
Co
da

nT

tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
The above results represent sample MH assemblies selected from each batch. All other MH assemblies
1
-09
20
u A e an
in the batch were subjected to a leak test at (enter temperature) °C, pressurized to RCP, and met the
04
applicable.
tte
pr
of
mi
rs
-09 r Com
Acceptance criteria of ISO 16111, 6.2.5.

be
Th
em
mm 3 on
A certified report of manufacture and test of the shells (acceptance certificate) is attached hereto. I
fo
eM
19
hereby certify that the MH assemblies described on this acceptance certificate comply with the
itte
ers 4 20
requirements of International Standard ISO 16111.

ME
r0
of
Co
Ap
Special remarks:
to
hu
b
ed
em
nT

ns
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09

.L
t
mi
nly
M
om
of
us
rs
be
t
lia
d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
oC
us
3) Need not be filled in if test reports are attached.

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
40
tte

sA
Lic
mi
Lic
en
se
sA dt
us oC
tra om
mi lia mi
tt
tte us

ea e o ee M
nd n em
Sta ly. Li be
nd c en rs
of
ard se
d M
sA
us t o C E-09
tra om 3o
lia mi nT
On behalf of:
us t hu
e o tee M Ap

nly em r0
.L
ice b ers 4 20
ns of 19
ed ME fo
to -09 r Com
Co mi
mm 3 on tte
Date

itte Th
eM u A e an
em pr dS
be 04 tan
rs 20 da
of 1 rds
ME 9 for Au
-09 Co s
3o mm tralia
nT itte u
hu e a se o
nl
Ap nd
r0 Sta y. Lic
42 nd en
01 ard se
9f
or s Au
dt
oC
Co str

mm alia omm
itt

itte us
ea e o ee M
nd n em
Sta ly. Li be
nd c en rs
of
ard se ME
sA dt
us o C
-0
tra om 93 o
lia mi nT
us tte hu
eo eM Ap
nl y em r0
.L
ice b ers 4 20
ns of 19
ed ME fo
to -09 r Com
Co mi
mm 3 on tte
itte Th ea
eM u Ap nd
em r0 Sta
be 4 20 nd
rs 19 a rd
of
for
Signature of inspector
ME
-0 9 C
3 o om
nT
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
41

3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
Bibliography
tte
of
Ap
mi
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
fo
eM
[1] ISO 2626, Copper — Hydrogen embrittlement test
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
[2] ISO 3690, Welding and allied processes — Determination of hydrogen content in ferritic steel arc
r0
weld metal
of
Co
Ap
to
hu
ISO 6406, Gas cylinders — Seamless steel gas cylinders — Periodic inspection and testing
b
[3]
ed
em
nT
ns
eM
om 93 o
ISO 7539-6, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Stress corrosion testing — Part 6: Preparation and
ice
[4]
tte
.L
use of pre‑cracked specimens for tests under constant load or constant displacement
-0
mi
nl y
ME
eo
[5] ISO 9587, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Pretreatment of iron or steel to reduce the risk of
of
C
us
hydrogen embrittlement
rs
o
be
dt
lia
em
se
tra
[6] ISO 9588, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Post-coating treatments of iron or steel to reduce
en
us
e o ee M
the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
itt
ard
[7] ISO 10461, Gas cylinders — Seamless aluminium-alloy gas cylinders — Periodic inspection and testing
alia omm
n
nd
oC
ISO 11623, Gas cylinders — Composite construction — Periodic inspection and testing

us
[8]
nd
dt
ISO 15330, Fasteners — Preloading test for the detection of hydrogen embrittlement — Parallel
ea
[9]
se
str
en
bearing surface method

itte
Au
Sta y. Lic
mm
s
ard
[10] ISO 15724, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Electrochemical measurement of diffusible
Co
nl
nd
hydrogen in steels — Barnacle electrode method

e a se o
or
9f
u
[11] ISO/TR 15916, Basic considerations for the safety of hydrogen systems

nd
01
mm tralia
42
[12] ISO 17081, Method of measurement of hydrogen permeation and determination of hydrogen uptake
s
itte
r0
Au
and transport in metals by an electrochemical technique

Ap
rds
hu
Co
da
[13] ANSI/AIAA G-095-2004, Guide to Safety of Hydrogen and Hydrogen Systems

nT
tan
ME 9 for
3o
dS
[14] API RP 934, Materials and Fabrication Requirements for 2 1/4 Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo Steel Heavy
1
-09
20
u A e an
Wall Pressure Vessels for High Temperature, High Pressure Hydrogen Service
04
tte
API RP 941, Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures in Petroleum
pr
of
[15]
mi
rs
Refineries and Petrochemical Plants

-09 r Com
be
Th
em
mm 3 on
[16] ASTM B57, Standard Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hydrogen Embrittlement
fo
eM
Susceptibility) in Copper
19
itte
ers 4 20
ME
[17] ASTM B849, Standard Specification for Pre-Treatments of Iron or Steel for Reducing Risk of
r0
of
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Co
Ap
to
hu
[18] ASTM B850, Standard Guide for Post-Coating Treatments of Steel for Reducing the Risk of Hydrogen
ed
em
nT
ns
Embrittlement
e o tee M
3o
ice
o C E-09
.L
[19] ASTM B839, Standard Test Method for Residual Embrittlement in Metallic Coated, Externally
t
mi
nly
Threaded Articles, Fasteners, and Rod-Inclined Wedge Method

M
om
of
us
ASTM E1681, Standard Test Method for Determining a Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for
rs
[20]
be
t
lia
Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials

d
em
se
tra
en
us
e o ee M
[21] ASTM F326, Standard Test Method for Electronic Measurement for Hydrogen Embrittlement from
c
sA
Sta ly. Li
Cadmium-Electroplating Processes
tt
ard
mi
n
nd
om
[22] ASTM F519, Standard Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating
oC
us
Processes and Service Environments

lia
nd
dt
tra
ea
se
us
en
42
tte

sA
Lic
mi
3 o om
a rd
hu
ISO 16111:2018(E)
C
nd
nT
for

Sta
19
-0 9
nd
20
ea
ME
4
r0
ASTM F1459, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Susceptibility of Metallic Materials to
tte
[23]
of
Ap
mi
Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement
rs
-09 r Com
u
be
Th
em
[24] ASTM F1624, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in
mm 3 on
fo
eM
Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique
19
itte
ers 4 20
[25] ASTM F1940, Standard Test Method for Process Control Verification to Prevent Hydrogen
ME
r0
Embrittlement in Plated or Coated Fasteners
of
Co
Ap
to
[26] ASTM F2078, Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrogen Embrittlement Testing
hu
b
ed
em
nT
ns
ASTM G129, Standard Practice for Slow Strain Rate Testing to Evaluate the Susceptibility of Metallic
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Lic

Appareils de stockage de gaz transportables — Hydrogène absorbé

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.

ISO copyright office

CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8

CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva

Phone: +41 22 749 01 11

Fax: +41 22 749 09 47

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

4.6 Hydrogen quality.................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

4.7 Special service conditions.............................................................................................................................................................. 5

5.2 Material selection.................................................................................................................................................................................. 5

5.2.2 External surfaces.............................................................................................................................................................. 6

5.3 Shell design................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

5.3.1 Shells with internal volume greater than 120 ml................................................................................. 6

5.3.2 Shells with internal volume of 120 ml or less......................................................................................... 7

5.4 Design strength........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7

5.5 Overpressure and fire protection............................................................................................................................................ 7

5.5.2 PRD activation pressure............................................................................................................................................. 8

5.5.3 PRD activation temperature.................................................................................................................................... 8

5.6 Loading of hydrogen absorbing alloy................................................................................................................................... 8

5.7 Shut-off valves.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

5.7.2 MH assemblies with internal volume greater than 120 ml.......................................................... 8

5.7.3 MH assemblies with internal volume of 120 ml or less.................................................................. 9

5.7.4 Integral shut-off valve protection.................................................................................................................... 10

5.7.5 Removable shut-off valve protection............................................................................................................ 10

5.8 Actively cooled MH assemblies............................................................................................................................................... 10

5.9 Particulate containment............................................................................................................................................................... 10

6 Inspection and testing..................................................................................................................................................................................10

6.2 Type/qualification tests................................................................................................................................................................ 10

6.2.2 Fire test.................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

6.2.4 Drop or impact test...................................................................................................................................................... 13

6.2.5 Leak test................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

6.2.6 Hydrogen cycling and strain measurement test................................................................................. 17

6.2.7 Shut-off valve impact test....................................................................................................................................... 21

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

8.2.2 Initial fill and refill procedures.......................................................................................................................... 26

Annex A (informative) Material compatibility for hydrogen service................................................................................28

Annex B (normative) Environmental tests...................................................................................................................................................31

Annex C (informative) Type approval certificate...................................................................................................................................37

Annex D (informative) Acceptance certificate..........................................................................................................................................39

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

This document was prepared by ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies.

8.1 and Annex D.

— service temperature conditions have been described in further detail (4.3.2);

— drop test conditions have been modified (6.2.4);

— acceptance criteria have been modified for leak testing (6.2.5);

— hydrogen cycling conditions have been modified (6.2.6);

— new warning labelling has been proposed (7.2);

— information in safety data sheets has been updated (8.1).

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www​.iso​.org/members​.html.

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

ISO 7225, Gas cylinders — Precautionary labels

Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders

ISO 10297:2014, Gas cylinders — Cylinder valves — Specification and type testing

load-sharing metal liners

load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved