WIND

Fig.2.4
CXW - LONGITUDINAL WIND FORCE COEFF
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
BALLAST -0.865 -0.73 -0.6 -0.325 -0.125 -0.04 0.1 0.27 0.475 0.62 0.63 0.61
LOADED -0.945 -0.9 -0.82 -0.62 -0.325 -0.07 0.15 0.275 0.55 0.74 0.75 0.74

Fig.2.3
CYAW - LATERAL WIND FORCE COEFF AT AFT PERPENDICULAR
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
BALLAST 0 0.05 0.11 0.25 0.3755 0.48 0.525 0.59 0.44 0.285 0.14 0
LOADED 0 0.05 0.12 0.275 0.375 0.43 0.475 0.49 0.44 0.285 0.15 0

Fig.2.3
CYFW - LATERAL WIND FORCE COEFF AT FWD PERPENDICULAR
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
BALLAST 0 0.125 0.225 0.375 0.486 0.47 0.375 0.2525 0.125 0.03 0.01 0
LOADED 0 0.025 0.075 0.175 0.24 0.267 0.225 0.172 0.1 0.05 0.015 0

CURRENT
Fig.2.5
CYAC AND CYFC - LATERAL CURRENT FORCE COEFF AT FWD AND AFT PERPENDICULAR - LOADED CASE
WATER DEPTH TO DRAFT RATIO = 1.1 : 1
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
CYAC 0 0.175 0.35 0.5 0.93 1.35 1.57 1.41 1.1 0.9 0.46 0
CYFC 0 0.43 0.94 1.05 1.325 1.415 1.26 0.88 0.45 0.23 0.105 0

Fig.2.6
CXC - LONGITUDINAL CURRENT FORCE COEFF - LOADED TANKER
WATER DEPTH TO DRAFT RATIO = 1.1 : 1
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
conventional bow -0.035 0 0.07 -0.06 -0.11 -0.05 0.04 0.09 0.08 -0.01 0 0.036
cylindrical bow -0.035 0 0.087 0 -0.06 0.03 0.11 0.88 0.13 -0.01 0 0.036

Fig.2.8

CXC - LONGITUDINAL CURRENT FORCE COEFF - BALLASTED TANKER

WATER DEPTH TO DRAFT RATIO < 4.4 : 1
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
CXC -0.038 -0.0425 -0.0475 -0.04 -0.005 0.005 0.0085 0.02 0.053 0.06 0.0575 0.055

Fig.2.7
CYAC AND CYFC - LATERAL CURRENT FORCE COEFF AT FWD AND AFT PERPENDICULAR - BALLAST CASE
WATER DEPTH TO DRAFT RATIO = 1.5 : 1
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
CYAC - conventional bow 0 0.02 0.05 0.15 0.275 0.36 0.43 0.38 0.275 0.125 0.051 0
CYFC - conventional bow 0 0.05 0.12 0.275 0.38 0.42 0.35 0.26 0.165 0.065 0.02 0
CYAC - cylindrical bow 0 0.025 0.06 0.145 0.225 0.32 0.365 0.35 0.25 0.11 0.05 0
CYFC - cylindrical bow 0 0.035 0.085 0.2 0.275 0.3 0.265 0.175 0.1 0.035 0.022 0
STEP 0 Define environmental conditions:
Table 1
VW = 60.00 knots VW = wind speed (60 knots defined by OCIMF)
VC = As per 2.2 VC = current speed (direction & force defined by OCIMF - see table T.4 and T5.)
roW = 1.23 kg/m3
roW = air density defined by OCIMF
roC = 1,025.00 kg/m 3
roC = sea water density defined by OCIMF

STEP 1 Define vessel's characteristics:

Table 2 Table 3
BALLAST LOADED
ATB = 693.00 m2 ATB = wind transverse area in ballast condition ATF = 622.00 m2 ATF = wind transverse area in loaded condition
ALB = 2,370.00 m2 ALB = wind longitudinal area in ballast condition ALF = 1,895.00 m2 ALF = wind longitudinal area in loaded condition
LBP = 153.70 m LBP = length between perpendiculars LBP = 153.70 m LBP = length between perpendiculars
T = 5.07 m T= draft in ballast condition T = 8.00 m T= draft in loaded condition

STEP 2 Wind and current forces calculation:

Computation method as per 2.3 Computation method as per 2.3 Computation method as per 2.3 Computation method as per 2.3 Computation method as per 2.3

FXW = CXW x (roW/7600) x VW2 x AT - Longitudinal wind force

FYW = CYW x (roW /7600) x VW2 x AL - Lateral wind force FYAW = - Lateral wind force at AFT FYAC = - Lateral current force at AFT
MXYW = CXYW x (roW /7600) x VW2 x AT x LBP - Wing yaw moment FYFW = - Lateral wind force at FWD FYFC = - Lateral current force at FWD
FXC = CXC x (roC/7600) x VC2 x T x LBP - Longitudinal current force
FYC = CYC x (roC /7600) x VC2 x T x LBP - Lateral current force
MXYC = CXYC x (roC /7600) x VC2 x T x LBP2 - Current yaw moment

Table 4 Table 5
BALLAST LOADED
180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0 180 170 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10 0
VC = 3 2 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 2 3 VC = 3 2 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 2 3
CXW = -0.865 -0.73 -0.6 -0.325 -0.125 -0.04 0.1 0.27 0.475 0.62 0.63 0.61 CXW = -0.945 -0.9 -0.82 -0.62 -0.325 -0.07 0.15 0.275 0.55 0.74 0.75 0.74
CYAW = 0 0.05 0.11 0.25 0.3755 0.48 0.525 0.59 0.44 0.285 0.14 0 CYAW = 0 0.05 0.12 0.275 0.375 0.43 0.475 0.49 0.44 0.285 0.15 0
CYFW = 0 0.125 0.225 0.375 0.486 0.47 0.375 0.2525 0.125 0.03 0.01 0 CYFW = 0 0.025 0.075 0.175 0.24 0.267 0.225 0.172 0.1 0.05 0.015 0
CXC = -0.038 -0.0425 -0.0475 -0.04 -0.005 0.005 0.0085 0.02 0.053 0.06 0.0575 0.055 CXC = -0.035 0 0.07 -0.06 -0.11 -0.05 0.04 0.09 0.08 -0.01 0 0.036
CYAC = 0 0.02 0.05 0.15 0.275 0.36 0.43 0.38 0.275 0.125 0.051 0 CYAC = 0 0.175 0.35 0.5 0.93 1.35 1.57 1.41 1.1 0.9 0.46 0
CYFC = 0 0.05 0.12 0.275 0.38 0.42 0.35 0.26 0.165 0.065 0.02 0 CYFC = 0 0.43 0.94 1.05 1.325 1.415 1.26 0.88 0.45 0.23 0.105 0
FXW = -349 -295 -242 -131 -50 -16 40 109 192 250 254 246 FXW = -342 -326 -297 -225 -118 -25 54 100 199 268 272 268
FYAW = 0 69 152 345 519 663 725 815 608 394 193 0 FYAW = 0 55 132 304 414 475 524 541 486 315 166 0
FYFW = 0 173 311 518 671 649 518 349 173 41 14 0 FYFW = 0 28 83 193 265 295 248 190 110 55 17 0
FXC = -36 -18 -3 -2 0 0 1 1 3 4 24 52 FXC = -52 0 7 -6 -10 -5 4 8 7 -1 0 54
FYAC = 0 8 3 9 16 21 25 22 16 7 21 0 FYAC = 0 116 33 47 87 126 146 132 103 84 305 0
FYFC = 0 21 7 16 22 25 21 15 10 4 8 0 FYFC = 0 285 88 98 124 132 118 82 42 21 70 0
Maximum combination of forces: Maximum combination of forces:
FX = -349 + -36 = 385 kN = 39 t FX = -342 + -52 = 395 kN kN = 40 t
FYA = 815 + 25 = 840 kN = 86 t FYA = 541 + 305 = 846 kN kN = 86 t
FYF = 671 + 25 = 696 kN = 71 t FYF = 295 + 285 = 580 kN kN = 59 t

Table 6
Summary:
Worse scenario: loaded condition:
Maximum combination of forces:
FX = 395 kN = 40 t
FYA = 846 kN = 86 t
FYF = 696 kN = 71 t

Simplified method as per 2.4.1 Simplified method as per 2.4.1 Simplified method as per 2.4.1 Simplified method as per 2.4.1 Simplified method as per 2.4.1

BALLAST (IMO ballast d = 0.02 x LBP + 2m) L O A D E D ( dB = mean draft)

FX = 0.498 x ATB + 0.0923 x (0.01 x LBP2 + LBP) kN ATF = transverse above water area in full load, [m2] FX = 0.55 x ATF + 0.0425 x d x LBP kN
FYA = 0.284 x ALB + 0.0520 x (0.01 x LBP2 + LBP) kN ATB = transverse above water area in ballast, [m2] FYA = 0.1506 x ALF + 0.2320 x d x LBP kN
FYF = 0.319 x ALB + 0.0524 x (0.01 x LBP2 + LBP) kN ALB = longitudinal above water area in ballast, [m2] FYF = 0.2839 x ALT + 0.2482 x d x LBP kN
ALF = longitudinal above water area in full load, [m2]

Table 7 Table 8
Maximum forces: Maximum forces:
FX = 381 kN FX = 394 kN
FYA = 776 kN FYA = 843 kN
FYF = 693 kN FYF = 571 kN

Table 9
Summary:
Worse scenario: loaded condition:
Maximum combination of forces:
FX = 394 kN = 40 t
FYA = 843 kN = 86 t
FYF = 693 kN = 71 t

STEP 3 Mooring restraint

Simplified method as per 2.6.1.1 Simplified method as per 2.6.1.1 Simplified method as per 2.6.1.1 Simplified method as per 2.6.1.1 Simplified method as per 2.6.1.1

Table 10
Assumptions: 1) Spring line efficiency = 90%
2) Breast line efficiency = 70%
3) Steel wires used, MBL to be increased by 20% for nylon and by 10% for other synthetic material

Table 11 Table 12
No. of Springs No. of Breasts
S= 4 BR = 8

Spring lines: Breast lines:

S x MBL = 1.992 x ATB + 0.369 x (0.01 x LBP2 + LBP) BR x MBL = 1.476 x ALF + 1.291 x T x LBP

Table 13 Table 14
Spring lines: Breast lines:
MBL = 381 kN = 39 t MBL = 548 kN = 56 t

Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37 Method as p.37

Table 15
Assumptions: 1) Spring line efficiency = 90%
(by OCIMF) 2) Breast line efficiency = 70%
3) Steel wires used, MBL to be increased by 20% for nylon and by 10% for other synthetic material

Table 16 Table 17 Table 18

No. of spring lines No. of FWD breast lines No. of AFT breast lines
S= 4 BR = 4 BR = 4

Table 19 Table 20 Table 21

Spring lines: incl.correction for efficiency: 90% FWD breast line: incl.correction for efficiency: 70% AFT breast line: incl.correction for efficiency: 70%
Force acting on each spring: 219 kN = 22 t Force acting on each breast: 249 kN = 25 t Force acting on each breast: 302 kN = 31 t
Table 22 Standardisation
Maximum force acting on line:
Summary of Tab 18, 19, 20: 302 kN = 31 t

Table 23
Material coefficient: 1) Steel wire rope 0%
2) Other synthetic rope +10%
3) Nylone rope + 20%

Table 24 Table 25

Minimum Breaking Load: max allowable load: 55% Minimum Rated Winch Pull: rate: 30%
steel wire: 549 kN = 56 t 1st layer speed: 0 - 23 m/s
other synthetic: 604 kN = 62 t slack hawser speed: 0 - 46 m/s
nylon: 659 kN = 67 t rated pull: 198 kN = 20 t