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    Geometric Optics

    Uploaded by

    Yeizmin Kim
    The document discusses geometric optics, including lenses and mirrors. It defines lenses as transparent pieces of glass or plastic that refract light to create images. There are two main types of lenses - convex (converging) and concave (diverging). Convex lenses converge parallel light rays and form real images, while concave lenses diverge parallel light rays and form virtual images. Mirrors are reflective surfaces that bounce light to produce real or virtual images. There are three types of mirrors - plane mirrors that reflect light in multiple directions to form same-sized images, and convex and concave mirrors that respectively diverge and converge light to produce only virtual and smaller images.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Geometric Optics

    Uploaded by

    Yeizmin Kim
    10 views3 pages
    The document discusses geometric optics, including lenses and mirrors. It defines lenses as transparent pieces of glass or plastic that refract light to create images. There are two main types of lenses - convex (converging) and concave (diverging). Convex lenses converge parallel light rays and form real images, while concave lenses diverge parallel light rays and form virtual images. Mirrors are reflective surfaces that bounce light to produce real or virtual images. There are three types of mirrors - plane mirrors that reflect light in multiple directions to form same-sized images, and convex and concave mirrors that respectively diverge and converge light to produce only virtual and smaller images.

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    GEOMETRIC OPTICS

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    The document discusses geometric optics, including lenses and mirrors. It defines lenses as transparent pieces of glass or plastic that refract light to create images. There are two main types of lenses - convex (converging) and concave (diverging). Convex lenses converge parallel light rays and form real images, while concave lenses diverge parallel light rays and form virtual images. Mirrors are reflective surfaces that bounce light to produce real or virtual images. There are three types of mirrors - plane mirrors that reflect light in multiple directions to form same-sized images, and convex and concave mirrors that respectively diverge and converge light to produce only virtual and smaller images.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    10 views3 pages

    Geometric Optics

    Uploaded by

    Yeizmin Kim
    The document discusses geometric optics, including lenses and mirrors. It defines lenses as transparent pieces of glass or plastic that refract light to create images. There are two main types of lenses - convex (converging) and concave (diverging). Convex lenses converge parallel light rays and form real images, while concave lenses diverge parallel light rays and form virtual images. Mirrors are reflective surfaces that bounce light to produce real or virtual images. There are three types of mirrors - plane mirrors that reflect light in multiple directions to form same-sized images, and convex and concave mirrors that respectively diverge and converge light to produce only virtual and smaller images.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Geometric Optics

    - Study of light.
    - Optics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of visible light and other electromagnetic
    waves.
    - Optics is concerned with the generation and propagation of light and its interaction with matter.
    Rays
    - Indicate the path followed by wave.
    Lenses
    - A lens is a transparent piece of glass or plastic with at least one curved surface. It gets its name from the
    Latin word for "lentil" (a type of pulse used in cooking).
    - A lens refracts light and creates an image that is either virtual or real.
    Types of Lenses
    There are two main types of lenses, known as convex (or converging) and concave (or diverging).
     Convex lenses
    - In a convex lens (positive lens), the glass surfaces bulge outwards in the center giving the classic lentil-
    like shape.
    - A convex lens is thicker in the middle than on its outside edge.
    - Also called a converging lens because it makes parallel light rays passing through it bend inward and
    meet (converge) at a spot just beyond the lens known as the focal point.
    - How an image appears in a convex lens depends on the distance and position of the object being viewed.
    If an object is within focal distance, it will appear like a "virtual image"--i.e., right side up and larger
    than the actual object. An image beyond focal range will appear upside down, and such an image can be
    smaller, larger, or the same size as the original image.
     Concave lenses
    - Outer surfaces curving inward, thicker on the ends and thinner in the middle.
    - It makes parallel light rays curve outward or diverge.
    - Sometimes called diverging lenses.
    - They divert light rays away from a focal point and only create virtual or smaller images.

    Difference between Converging and Diverging lenses

    Converging Lens Diverging Lens

    A converging lens is a lens that converges parallel A diverging lens is a lens that diverges parallel light
    light rays coming towards them. rays coming toward them.

    It forms the real image It forms the virtual image.

    The convex lens is another name for a converging


    A concave lens is another name for a diverging lens.
    lens.

    Convex lens is thicker in the middle and thinner at the Concave lens is thinner at the middle and thicker at
    edges. the edges.

    Rules for Image Formation


    Mirror
    - A mirror is a reflective surface that bounces off light, producing either a real image or a virtual image.
    How do Mirror work?
    - The key factor is a smooth surface, because rough surfaces scatter light instead of reflecting it.
    Types of Mirrors
    1. Plane Mirror
    - A flat mirror that sends light out from itself in multiple directions.
    - The point where the reflected light beams intersect is where the image is formed.
    - The image formed by a plane mirror will always be the same size as the original object.
    2. Convex Mirror
    - A convex mirror works like a concave lens.
    - It curves light away from its middle.
    - Produce only smaller and virtual images.
    3. Concave Mirror
    - A concave mirror works much like a convex lens.
    - It bends light further away in the middle.

    Differences between Mirror and Lenses

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