Essay

Course: Ba Business Studies

Module title: Contemporary Management
Issues in the 21st Century
Student id: 214984
Student Name: Simonyak Gheorghe

University off Suffolk

Date off submission: 30.05.2023

I declare that this assignment it’s all off my work and I have acknowledged all materials from
the published or unpublished work off the other people. all reference has been duly cited.
Table of content
1. Introduction
2. Leadership theory
3. Organisation and human management
theory
4. Conclusion
5. Reference list
 1.Introduction
The main purpose of this report is not to propose frameworks on standards for providing direction
to the organization, but to gather a diverse but at the same time a very full set of information
through which it can be used as a reference for those who will be in charge of this case. Through this
report, we try to act like a first step that can lead to a new set of occupational standards, but we also
try that its results can lead directly to fieldwork, but also to discussions and some subsequent
consultations. Leadership but it is a slightly more complex process and it also includes some
reservations on our part regarding some measures and some sets of standards, qualities, or even
competencies that can fully capture the nature of what makes some leaders or even organizations
have great success and the others will be at a visible disadvantage. Also, this report acts as a first
step towards being able to develop a new set of occupational standards but at the same time lead to
some fieldwork, some discussions, and some further consultations. Leadership is known as a
complex process, but at the same time, we have some very serious reservations about their
qualities.

The main purpose of this report is to understand what is the very efficient application of human
resources management that takes place within the organization. Human resources management is
also responsible for recruiting but especially for keeping staff within the organization. It is
responsible for recruiting and keeping the organization's staff. all this is done in order to be able to
fully understand the important role of human resources management within a company or
organization. This report represents the demands of the labor force on the organization but also
discusses all the aspects focused on the management of human resources. Also, due to the increase
in operations, these organizations have the responsibility of increasing the qualified staff, bringing
flexibility in business but also meeting the specialized requirements on the qualification in business.

2.Leadership theory
Through this approach to leading, it is possible to take into account all the knowledge and
skills that any great leader should have. Together, this simple approach includes a discussion
about skills and abilities that can be learned over time to make someone a very good leader.
Abilities and skills are the things that a true leader can accomplish, instead when we talk
about characteristics, they are what leaders are (Northouse, 2007: 40).
As it was described even by Katz (1995) appearing in the publication "Skills of an Effective
Administrator", Katz described the 3 skills that a leader should have:
1. Technical skills: must have the knowledge but also those techniques specific to this
position that are necessary to be able to perform an organizational role.
2. Human skills: the ability to be able to understand and modify but also the power to lead
and at the same time control the behavior of other people and some groups.
3. Conceptual skills: it is that skill through which you analyze but at the same time diagnose
a situation in order to be able to distinguish between its cause and effect.
An example would be the capabilities to manage AstraZeneca.
These capabilities by which AstraZeneca is managed were defined shortly after it had its
merger in 1999 and they are used mainly in performance management, but also in
development planning, especially in management planning throughout this company that
carries out the activity all over the globe. All these are a central part of all programs focused
on leadership development, developing as a feedback tool that acts at 360 degrees to be
able to effectively support their application. This management behavior has to offer a link
between business priorities and those of AstraZeneca's values to: respect individuals but
also that for their diversity; that of openness, honesty but also trust and support between
them; some of the highest standards but also integrity; but also exemplary leadership at all
levels. There are seven key capabilities, each with associated indicators/behaviors:
• Provides clarity on strategic direction
• Ensures commitment
• Focuses on delivery
• Build relationships
• Develop people
• Demonstrates personal conviction
• Builds self-awareness

3.Organisation and human management

theory
According to Weijrick and Koontz (1993), the word management means all the things that
take into account organization, planning, and management, but also that controlling human
resources and all other resources in order to achieve the proposed goals in the most
efficient way. By management, he also understands that the manager must show his
involvement by showing the followers the direction of the company to achieve the proposed
objectives (Shield, 2010). On the other hand, Drucker (1974) defines management as an
activity to do things with the help of personnel or with the help of some resources. Also, in
order to have the most effective management, every company should have a plan or at least
a well-conceived plan that leads to its good execution (Shiled, 2010). Weijrick and Koontz
(1993), Murray (2011) described management as the implementation of plans, the
establishment of budgets, but also the control of the progress towards achieving these
objectives.
As a general definition, the management context can be defined through a process that
requires very good strategic planning, the establishment of exact goals and the objectives
that must be pursued, at the same time the use of human resources as well as those based
on finances that are necessary to be able to achieve the objectives but also the
measurement and control of the final results.
For the most part, those who support the theory of human relations usually assume that
this theory emphasizes personalized needs along with all the resulting habits of individuals
and teams. All this can be achieved by having a good concentration on interpersonal
approaches which is rooted in the control of human nature. Some elements that make up
this theory include some variables such as the structure of a business, while some formal
elements of this theory include the nature of the interrelationships between a company's
employees. Some of the key elements of this theory of human relations are:
 An emphasis on humans instead of focusing on machines and monetary structures.
 Effective human relations. It is integral to motivating workers.
 Focusing on the environment of the organization that goes beyond the social
context.
 The motivation of the workers is extensively reliant on the establishment of
teamwork, cooperation, and proper control of the individuals within the
organization.
 Efficiency is realized by the minimal inputs generating maximum results.
In 1937, Ronald Coase, an economist who won the Noble Prize, showed through some
explanations how economic activities can be coordinated very efficiently within a company,
while others can be coordinated more efficiently towards the markets. That's why
"management" can also be defined as the art or science of coordinating the activities of a
company, through the managerial decision-making process, including some areas such as
finance, operations, sales and human resources marketing . Human resource management,
in turn, can be defined as: "The process of analyzing and managing the human resource
needs of an organization to ensure the satisfaction of its strategic objectives" (Hellriegel,
Jackson, Slocum, & Staude, 2009) and "The policies and the practices involved in carrying
out the 'people' or human resource aspects of a management position, including
recruitment, selection, training and evaluation' (Dessler, 2007).

4.Conclusion
Leadership and management are very important functions in management that allow a very
efficient and productive maximization to be able to achieve the objectives proposed by the
organization (Weihrich, et al, 2008). Good leadership and management is very crucial in the
development of every organization. In order to be able to do this, it is necessary to know
classical management but also contemporary management theories being very important.
contemporary leadership but also management in companies being influenced by this
classical leadership and these management theories. These classic management theories
were developed after the industrial revolution but also the rapid change of people in the
way they work and the huge development of the industry, these theories are introduced to
increase the productivity and efficiency of the employees. These changes being brought by
These changes were brought by
Frederick Taylor, Henry Fayol, and Max Weber in the theories proposed by that in which
management, administrative management, and bureaucracy are approached scientifically.
Taylor's theory focuses on the standardization of work in which science is applied to work in
order to reduce lost time and movements unnecessary the employees leading to an efficient
growth known as time and movement, as he describes in this article of his.
Fayol, however, in his approach to administration, focusing on the management of
employees, believed that managers must be trained very efficiently, he also believed that a
very good manager must be able to foresee the future by being able to plan but also
organize by making good coordination and management.
After a review of leadership theories, it can be seen that a somewhat limited version of
"transformational" leadership is promoted. Some of the cadres go beyond simple behavioral
definitions, taking into account some affective and interpersonal qualities of some leaders,
although the role of employees may be recognized, in a rather simple manner. That's why
Leadership is seen as a set that includes values, and some qualities, but also the behavior
shown by leaders, which encourages the development of commitment and the participation
of employees.
HRM now plays an increasingly important role in building business strategies also in
obtaining competitive advantages in the market. After the emergence of innovative
approaches to human resources as the strongest objective of companies, various HRM
approaches were developed to help companies align employee management with the
company's strategic objectives. That's why it can be said that it is entirely possible to say
that such a modern organizational structure welcoming an integrated HRM system, has
equal opportunities but also responsibilities as the line management through which it
operates in wide areas in order to be able to support the company's strategies with its
coherent.

5.Reference list
https://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/careers/developingyourself/leadership.asp
Dessler, G - Human resource management (Pearson, 2007)

Hellriegel , D , S. Jackson , J. Slocum and G. Staude- Management (Oxford University Press, 2009)

https://study.com/learn/lesson/human-relations-theory-overview-timeline.html

Katz (1995) - ‘Skills of an Effective Administrator’

Koontz, H. (1980) - The Management Theory , Academy of Management Review

Drucker, P.F. (1974) -Management: Tasks, Responsibilities and Practices

Weihrich, H., Cannice, M.V. and Koontz, H. (2008) – Management