Unit 1 Quiz Review AP Gov
Unit 1 Quiz Review AP Gov
Unit 1 Quiz Review AP Gov
weakness:
1) Couldn’t levy taxes
2) Sovereignty rested with indiv states
3) One vote per state
4) 9/13 had to agree to pass laws
5) Amendments had to be unanimously supported
6) Delegates chosen by state leg, paid by states, and could be recalled/placed
7) Couldn’t regulate commerce
8) No standing army
9) Dispute between states went unsettled
10) No national Executive or Judicial System
Executive (president):
■ Enforce laws
Checks on Legislative: veto legislation, executive priv
Checks on Judiciary: nomination process
Federalist 51: separation of powers and checks and balances are able to control the abuse of
power by any one branch (framers ensured?)
Commerce Clause
Connecticut Compromise
-Blend of Virginia and NJ plans for a new legislative brand and create our current legislative
system
-provided for bicameral federal legislature, upper house would have equal rep from each state,
while lower would have proportional rep based on state pop
Cooperative Federalism
-authority are mixed among the national, state, and local govt
-intergovernmental lobby: mayors, governors, schools superintendent, etc
-”new federalism”: practice of returning authority from national govt to state govt. Increases state
power and puts pressure on state budgets
Differences between the govt created by the constitution and the AoC
Constitution:
-elite model: provides for elected reps that legislate on behalf of the people
-pluralist model: in order to get a law passed, both states have to compromise to get it done
-federalism
Art. o C:
-preferred weak central govt
-congress had no power to tax or regulate trade
-all 13 states must agree to an amendment
-no power to raise revenue
-no national army (shay’s rebellion)
-no national currency
Federalism
-seperation of power between the federal govt and state govt
-argued for ratification of constitution
Federalist No. 10
-against Brutus 1 that wanted a broad participatory model
-feared a powerful cent. Govt
-wanted to keep majority of power in the states
-fear = unfounded
-republican govt can gives with diversity in pop, all factions compete against one another
-such competition would protect union from tyranny and result in compromise (not interest in
one group but general welfare)
-factions cannot be removed but controlled
-if majority prevailed, minority would never be represented
-too many protections given to minority, the common good will never prevail
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
-established 2nd banks of the US (unconstitutional)
-under necces clause is constitutional (implied powers)
-Maryland passed legislation that would tax any non state-chartered bank
-Maryland cannot pass them
Constitutional Clauses:
Art. 1 Sec. 8- Necessary and Proper Clause (Congress can pass legislation that is “appropriate
and legit”
Art ? Supremacy clause (state cannot interfere)
Supremacy Clause
-federal laws have greater authority than state laws
Types of Grants
1) Grant-in-Aid: money given by nation to states
2) Categorical grants: federal grants for specific purpose, “match” funds
3) Block grants: federal to state for general purpose with few restrictions
4) Revenue sharing: funding source that allows state the most autonomy
5) Mandates/conditions of aid: rules for how funding is used
6) Unfunded mandates: federal guidelines that state must comply with, but no $