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MUSIC
QUARTER 2 – MODULE 4
MELCs:
• Describes the historical and cultural background of Afro-
Latin American and Popular music;
• Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American
and Popular music; and
• Explores ways of creating sounds on a variety of sources
suitable to chosen vocal and instrumental selections.
PART I.

A. Introduction
Popular music literally means “music of the populace,” similar to traditional folk music of the past.
As it developed in the 20th century, pop music (as it has come to be called) generally consisted of music for
entertainment of large numbers of people, whether on radio or in live performances.

B. Discussion

BALLADS
The ballad originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse with text dealing typically about
love. The word is derived both from the medieval French “chanson balladee” and “ballade” which refers to
a dancing song. Today, the term ballad now refers to a love song in a slightly pop or rock style, with the
following characteristics:
1. Blues Ballads is a fusion of Anglo-American and Afro-American styles from the 19th century that deals
with the anti-heroes resisting authority.
2. Pop Standard and Jazz Ballads is a blues style built from a single verse of 16 bars ending on the
dominant or half-cadence, followed by a refrain/chorus part of 16 or 32 bars in AABA form. Some
enduring pop standard and jazz ballads include The Man I Love (George Gershwin), Always (Irving
Berlin), and In a Sentimental Mood (Duke Ellington).
3. Pop and Rock Ballads is an emotional love song with suggestions of folk music, as in the Beatles’
composition “The Ballad of John and Yoko” and Billy Joel’s “The Ballad of Billy.” This style is
sometimes applied to strophic story-songs, such as Don McLean’s “American Pie.”
STANDARDS
In music, the term “standard” is used to denote the most popular and enduring songs from a
particular genre or style, such as those by Irving Berlin, Cole Porter, and Rodgers and Hart. Among the
foremost proponents of this style was Frank Sinatra, also known as “Ol Blue Eyes,” “Chairman of the
Board,” or “The Voice.” His genre was categorized as traditional pop and jazz. His hit singles include My
Way and Strangers in the Night. Another well-loved standards singer was American balladeer Nat King
Cole. Although an accomplished pianist, he owes most of his popular musical fame to his soothing baritone
voice, which he used to perform in big band, vocal jazz, swing, traditional pop, and jump blues genres. Matt
Monroe was an English singer who became one of the most popular entertainers in the international music
scene during the 1960s. Among his hit singles included Portrait of My Love, Softly as I Leave You, the
James Bond theme From Russia with Love, Born Free, which became his signature song, and Walk Away.
Other popular singers of standards were Perry Como, Bing Crosby, Andy Williams, Sammy Davis Jr., Doris
Day, Patti Page, Barbra Streisand, and Paul Anka.

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ROCK AND ROLL
Rock and roll was a hugely popular song form in the United States during the late 1940’s to the
1950’s. It combined Afro-American forms such as the blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel music with the
Western swing and country music. It derived its name from the mot of a ship on the ocean, “rock and roll.”
The greatest exponent of the rock and roll style was the legendary Elvis Presley. His hit songs such as
Heartbreak Hotel and Blue Suede Shoes were complemented by his good looks and elaborate movements
that included hugging the microphone as he sang. Presley’s style was the precursor of the British band
known as The Beatles, whose compositions further boosted rock and roll as the favorite genre of the times.
Examples of The Beatles’ songs in this genre are I Saw Her Standing There, Get Back, While My Guitar
Gently Weeps, Rock and Roll Music, and Ticket to Ride.
DISCO (Donna Summer)
The 1970s saw the rise of another form of pop music known as “disco.”
Disco music pertained to rock music that was more danceable, thus leading to
the establishment of venues for public dancing also called discos. The term
originated from the French word “discotheque” which means a library f or
phonograph records. The disco style had a soaring and reverberating sound
rhythmically controlled by a steady beat (usually meter) for ease of dancing, and accompanied by strings,
horns, electric guitars, and electric pianos or synthesizers. Famous figures of the disco genre include
ABBA, Donna Summer (“The Queen of Disco”), The Bee Gees; Earth, Wind, and Fire; KC and the
Sunshine Band; The Village People; and Gloria Gaynor, bringing us such hits as Dancing Queen, Stayin’
Alive, Boogie Wonderland, and Ho t Stuff.
POP MUSIC
Parallel with the disco era, other pop music superstars continued to emerge. Among them were Neil
Sedaka (Laughter in the Rain), Diana Ross and the Supremes (Stop in the Name of Love). Pop superstars in
more recent years include solo artists Celine Dion (My Heart Will Go On), Madonna (Material Girl),
Whitney Houston (I Will Always Love You), Mariah Carey (Hero), Justin Timberlake (Justified), Britney
Spears (Oops, I Did It Again), Beyonce (Irreplaceable), Lady Gaga (Bad Romance), and Bruno Mars (Just
The Way You Are.
Michael Jackson, “The King of Pop” Perhaps the most popular solo performer of all time is
Michael Joseph Jackson who was born on August 29, 1958 and died on June 25, 2009. He was an American
recording artist, entertainer, singer-songwriter, record producer, musical arranger, dancer, choreographer,
actor, businessman, and philanthropist. He then began a solo career in 1971 while still a member of the
group and was referred to as the "King of Pop" in subsequent years. Jackson's 1982 album Thriller remains
the world's best-selling album of all time, and four of his other solo studio albums are among the world's
best-selling records: Off the Wall (1979), Bad (1987), Dangerous (1991), and HIStory (1995). In the early
1980s, he became a dominant figure in American popular music and culture.

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Today’s Pop Music Idols
As the 21st century continues to unfold, more and more pop groups emerge spanning an entire range
of musical styles and genres. There are music groups like Black Eyed Peas, K Pop (Korean), My Chemical
Romance, Fall Out Boys, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Souja Boy, Train, Maroon 5, and One Direction.
While solo performers include Adele, Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran, Rihanna, Chris Brown, Ariana Grande,
Justin Beiber, Miley Cyrus, Katy Perry, Nikki Minaj, Selena Gomez, and others.
HIP HOPAND RAP
Hip hop music is a stylized, highly rhythmic type of music that usually (but not always) includes
portions of rhythmically chanted words called “rap.” In rapping, the artist speaks along with an instrumental
or synthesized beat. Hip hop arose in the 1970s within the Afro-American and Latino youth in the Bronx
area of New York City. But by the 1980s, it had spread to many other countries. It has since evolved into a
subculture that encompasses music (rapping, DJing, scratching, and beatboxing); a nearly acrobatic style of
dancing, called break dancing; a distinct manner of dress; and graffiti-style artwork. Among the early hip
hop artists were LL Cool J and Run-D.M.C. While more recent popular names in this genre have been
Beastie Boys, Eminem, and Kanye West.
ALTERNATIVE MUSIC
Alternative music was an underground independent form of music that arose in the 1980’s. It became
widely popular in the 1990’s as a way to defy “mainstream” rock music. Thus, it was known for its
unconventional practices such as distorted guitar sounds, oppressive lyrics, and defiant attitudes. It was also
characterized by high energy levels that bred new styles such as new wave, punk rock, post-punk, indie
rock, gothic rock, jangle pop, noise pop, C86, Madchester, Industrial Rock, and Shoegazing. Examples of
alternative music are You Belong with Me, Shake It Off.

C. Readings
Historically, popular music was any non-folk form that acquired mass popularity—from the songs of the
medieval minstrels and troubadours to those elements of fine-art music originally intended for a small elite
audience but that became widely popular. After the Industrial Revolution, true folk music began to
disappear, and the popular music of the Victorian era and the early 20th century was that of the music hall
and vaudeville, with its upper reaches dominated by waltz music and operettas. In the United States,
minstrel shows performed the compositions of songwriters such as Stephen Foster. In the 1890s Tin Pan
Alley emerged as the first popular song-publishing industry, and over the next half century its lyricism was
combined with European operetta in a new kind of play known as the musical. Beginning with ragtime in
the 1890s, African Americans began combining complex African rhythms with European harmonic
structures, a synthesis that would eventually create jazz.
Music audiences greatly expanded, partly because of technology. By 1930 phonograph records had
replaced sheet music as the chief source of music in the home. The microphone enabled more-intimate vocal
techniques to be commercially adapted. The ability of radio broadcasting to reach rural communities aided
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 the dissemination of new styles, notably country music. American popular music achieved international
dominance in the decades after World War II.
By the 1950s the migration of African Americans to cities in the North had resulted in the cross-
fertilization of elements of blues with the up-tempo rhythms of jazz to create rhythm and blues. Rock and
roll, pioneered by figures such as Elvis Presley, soon developed as an amalgam of rhythm and blues with
country music and other influences. In the 1960s British rock groups, including the Beatles, became
internationally influential and popular. Rock and soul music (especially the sophisticated but hook-laden
variety of the latter, which took its name from the company that created it, Motown) quickly attracted the
allegiance of Western teenagers and eventually became the sound track for young people throughout the
world. The history of pop into the 21st century has basically been that of rock and its variants, including
disco, heavy metal, funk, punk, hip-hop, and increasingly pop-oriented world music.

D. Examples
Examples of Popular Music Artists

(George Gershwin) (Irving Berlin) (Duke Ellington) (Don McLean) (Elvis Presley) (The Beatles)
(The Pioneers of Ballad Music) (Rock’n Roll Icons)

(ABBA) (Earth, Wind and Fire)

(Frank Sinatra) (Nat King Cole) (Matt Monroe) (The Icons of Disco Music) (The Bee Gees)
(The Pioneers of Standard Music)

(Diana Ross and (Michael Jackson) (Ed Sheeran) (Eminem) (Kanye West)
the Supremes) (HipHop and Rap Music Icons)
(Popular Pop Music Artists)
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PART II. Activity Proper

Activity No. 1
Directions: Write at least six song you consider as your most favorite on the concept map below. Use the
rubric below as your guide.

My Most Favorite
Songs

Activity No. 1 (Concept Map Rubric)

Point-Rate CRITERIA - Content and Organization Score
5 The content of the concept map is complete and very relevant and is well presented in
Outstanding a comprehensive manner.
4 The content of the concept map has one to two missing entries and is presented in a
Very Good comprehensive manner.
3 The content of the concept map has three to four missing entries and is presented in a
Good quite comprehensive manner.
2 The content of the concept map has five to six missing entries and is presented in a
Fair fairly comprehensive manner.
1 The content of the concept map needs revision and improvement.
Poor

Activity No. 2
Directions: Classify and list the word/s from the word bank on the popular music genre they belong.
Always Blue Suede Shoes ABBA American Pie Lady Gaga
The Beatles Barbara Streisand Blues Ballad Punk Rock Discotheque
Thriller Snoop D.O.G.G. Ticket to Ride Bronx, NYC Born Free
My Way Chanson balladee Taylor Swift Gloria Gaynor Jangle Pop

Ballad Standard Rock n’ Roll Disco

Pop Music Hip Hop and Rap Alternative Music

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Activity No. 3
Directions: Create a review of the following Popular music by watching the videos on the link below. Use
the guide questions to properly elaborate the needed information for your review. Use the rubric below as
your guide in this activity.
Disco Link: https://youtu.be/fNFzfwLM72c
Guide Questions:
1. What pop music styles and song titles were presented in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the notable musical elements and characteristics you had recognized in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Ballad - Link: https://youtu.be/qQzdAsjWGPg
Guide Questions:
1. What pop music styles and song titles were presented in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the notable musical elements and characteristics you had recognized in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Rap Link: https://youtu.be/_Yhyp-_hX2s
1. What pop music styles and song titles were presented in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the notable musical elements and characteristics you had recognized in the video?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

Activity No. 3 (Music Review Rubric)

Point-Rate CRITERIA - Content and Organization Score
The content of the music review is complete and very relevant and is well
5 Outstanding
presented in a comprehensive manner.
The content of the music review has one to two missing entries and is
4 Very Good
presented in a comprehensive manner.
The content of the music review has three to four missing entries and is
3 Good
presented in a quite comprehensive manner.
The content of the music review has five to six missing entries and is presented
2 Fair
in a fairly comprehensive manner.
1 Poor The content of the music review needs revision and improvement.

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KEY TO CORRECTIONS:

Activity No. 2

Ballad – Always, Chanson Balladee, American Pie

Standard – My Way, Barbara Streisand, Born Free
Rock n’ Roll – The Beatles, Ticket to Ride, Blue Suede Shoes
Disco – ABBA, Gloria Gaynor, Discotheque
Pop Music – Thriller, Taylor Swift, Lady Gaga
Hiphop and Rap – Bronx, NYC and Snoop D.O.G.G.
Alternative Music – Punk Rock, Jangle Pop

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PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
A. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each number.

_____1. What music literally means “music of the populace”?

A. Ballads B. Discotheque C. Jazz Music D. Popular Music
_____2. Who is the foremost proponent of standard and known as “Ol Blue Eyes”?
A. Frank Sinatra B. Matt Monroe C. Nat King Cole D. Paul Anka
_____3. What pop music was a hugely popular song in the US during the late 1940’s to 1950’s?
A. Alternative B. Ballad C. Pop Music D. Rock n’ Roll
_____4. Which of the following is regarded as the “Queen of Disco”?
A. ABBA B. Donna Summer C. Madonna D. Mariah Carey
_____5. What type of music includes portions of rhythmically chanted words?
A. Ballad B. Disco C. Rap D. Rock n’ Roll
_____6. Which music was an underground independent form of music that arose in 1980’s?
A. Alternative B. Ballad C. Pop Music D. Standard
_____7. Who is regarded as the “King of Pop”?
A. Bruno Mars B. Michael Jackson C. Neil Sedaka D. Stevie Wonder
_____8. Who among the artists below is a Standard music icon?
A. Elvis Presley B. Paul Anka C. The Carpenters D. Shanaia Twain
_____9. Who is considered as the greatest exponent of the rock n’ roll style?
A. Elvis Presley B. Paul Anka C. The Carpenters D. Shanaia Twain
_____10. Which of the following is NOT a Hip Hop and Rap icon?
A. Cardi B. B. Eminem C. Justin Beiber D. Kanye West

B. Directions: Encircle five (5) words or music genres in the box below that does NOT belong to the
group of Popular music styles.

HIPHOP AND RAP BAROQUE STYLE MUSIC ROCK ‘N ROLL

POP MUSIC ALTERNATIVE MUSIC FOLK MUSIC
FUNK MUSIC STANDARD DISCO
BALLAD COUNTRY MUSIC OPERA MUSIC

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 C. Directions: Choose one genre of pop music that will serve as your favorite and explain why. Cite an
artist and some of his/her/their songs that you like the most. Include a photo and paste it on the space
provided below. Acknowledge the source or reference that you will use in this activity. Use the
rubric below as your guide for this activity.
______________________________________________________
(Name of the Artist/Singer)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Paste photo here __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
(References) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
PHOTO-ESSAY RUBRIC (10 points)
CRITERIA
Point-Rate Score
Content and Organization Creativity and Neatness
The content of the photo-essay is complete The creativity implored in this
5 Outstanding and very relevant and is well presented in activity is outstanding and it is
a comprehensive manner. visually neat and presentable.
The content of the photo-essay has one to The creativity implored in this
4 Very Good two missing entries and is presented in a activity is very good and it is
comprehensive manner. visually neat and presentable.
The content of the photo-essay has three to The creativity implored in this
3 Good four missing entries and is presented in a activity is good and it is somewhat
quite comprehensive manner. visually neat and presentable.
The content of the photo-essay has five to The creativity implored in this
2 Fair six missing entries and is presented in a activity is fair and it is not visually
fairly comprehensive manner. neat and presentable.
The content of the photo-essay needs The photo-essay needs
1 Poor
revision and improvement. improvement.
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ANSWER KEY
Summative Test
A.
1. D 3. D 5. C 7. B 13. A
2. A 4. B 6. A 8. B 14. C

B.

1. Funk Music
2. Baroque Style Music
3. Country Music
4. Folk Music
5. Opera Music

References:
Copiaco, H., Lugue, V., Ramirez, V., Darilag, A., Vergara, L., Reyes, G., & Yap, J. (2014). Our World of
MAPEH Grade 10. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.

Sunico, R. M., Cabanbanan, E. F., & Moran, M. Y. (2015). HORIZONS Grade 10 Learner's Material:
Music and Arts Appreciation for Young Filipinos. Quezon City: Tawid Publications.

https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music

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