NATIONAL

SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

GEOGRAPHY P2

NOVEMBER 2022

MARKING GUIDELINES

MARKS: 150

These marking guidelines consist of 9 pages.

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Geography/P2 2 DBE/November 2022
NSC – Marking Guidelines

SECTION A

QUESTION 1: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENTS

1.1 1.1.1 A (1)

1.1.2 B (1)

1.1.3 A (1)

1.1.4 D (1)

1.1.5 B (1)

1.1.6 C (1)

1.1.7 A (1)

1.1.8 D (1) (8 x 1) (8)

1.2 1.2.1 Y (1)

1.2.2 Z (1)

1.2.3 Z (1)

1.2.4 Y (1)

1.2.5 Y (1)

1.2.6 Z (1)

1.2.7 Y (1) (7 x 1) (7)

1.3. 1.3.1 Policy to bring about equitable distribution and access to land (2)
[CONCEPT] (1 x 2) (2)

1.3.2 Create assets for the poor (1)

Stabilise relationships (1)
Promote development (1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

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1.3.3 (a) Budgets/funding needs to be accessed (2)

Legal arrangements need to be concluded (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)
(b) Shaking of hands (2)
There is no fighting (2)
Peaceful environment (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2)
(2)

1.3.4 Lack of knowledge regarding the land reform process (2)

Poverty/Lack of income to attend meetings (2)
Lack of appropriate documentation (2)
Willing seller/buyer clause (2)
Legal processes are costly (2)
Constrained budgets of government (2)
Government unable to provide loans (2)
Government unable to provide equipment (2)
Training of farmers is costly (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

1.3.5 The change to commercial farming would create more employment

opportunities (2)
Increase in food production would alleviate poverty (2)
Employment would decrease poverty (2)
There would be more reconciliation among rural communities that
would bring about stability (2)
Improved services would contribute to a better quality of life (2)
Family units would not be broken due to a decrease in rural-urban
migration (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

1.4 1.4.1 Tall buildings (1)

High density of buildings (1)
[ANY ONE] (2 x 1) (2)

1.4.2 CBD (1) (1 x 1) (1)

1.4.3 Increases (2) (1 x 2) (2)

1.4.4 It is the future expansion of the CBD (invasion and succession) (2)
Homeowners can still get high prices for dilapidated buildings (2)
Landlords in the transition zone are hesitant to renovate (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

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Geography/P2 4 DBE/November 2022
NSC – Marking Guidelines

1.4.5 Greater accessibility (2)

They are located in high population density areas (markets) (2)
Along main roads with a constant flow of traffic (2)
Lower land values (2)
Lower rental costs (2)
Modern/new buildings (2)
More parking space (2)
Less pollution (2)
Less crime (2)
[ANY THREE] (3 x 2) (6)

1.5 1.5.1 A settlement that has limited planning and infrastructure (2)
No formal ownership of the land (2)
Land that is occupied illegally (2)
An informal structure with different building materials (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.2 ''Rapid urbanisation'' (1)

''government failure to deliver adequate housing''(1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

1.5.3 Locate near water sources e.g. rivers (2)

In low lying areas (2)
Lack basic amenities and infrastructure (2)
Poor drainage/storm water systems (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.4 Poor accessibility to informal settlements (2)

Takes longer to reach the informal settlement in times of emergency
(2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

1.5.5 Informal settlements should be relocated to higher lying areas (2)

Adequate services should be provided to informal settlements (2)
An efficient drainage system should be installed (2)
Provide stronger building material (2)
Provide low cost housing (2)
Provide better infrastructure (2)
Access to better emergency services (2)
[ANY FOUR] (4 x 2)
(8)
[60]

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NSC – Marking Guidelines

QUESTION 2: ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA

2.1 2.1.1 B (1)

2.1.2 B (1)

2.1.3 D (1)

2.1.4 A (1)

2.1.5 B (1)

2.1.6 D (1)

2.1.7 C (1)

2.1.8 B (1) (8 x 1) (8)

2.2 2.2.1 Market orientated industries (1)

2.2.2 Bridge industries (1)

2.2.3 Heavy industries (1)

2.2.4 Footloose industries (1)

2.2.5 Light industries (1)

2.2.6 Raw-material orientated industries (1)

2.2.7 Ubiquitous industries (1) (7 x 1) (7)

2.3. 2.3.1 When nutritious food is accessible to the people of a country

[CONCEPT] (1 x 2) (2)

2.3.2 23,6% (1) (1 x 1) (1)

2.3.3 To make a comparison of food security across countries (1 x 2) (2)

2.3.4 People were unable to work reducing food production/industry (2)

Due to unemployment people could not purchase food (2)
Borders closed and countries could not import food (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

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NSC – Marking Guidelines

2.3.5 Incentives can increase productivity on farms (2)

Technical support for small scale farmers will increase production (2)
Providing modernised farming equipment will increase production (2)
Encourage (incentives) subsistence farmers (fragmented land) to
embrace commercial farming (2)
Incentives for co-operative farming will increase the variety and
quantity of products (2)
Research into a variety of farming practices will optimize production (2)
Land reform programmes should be prioritized to give more people
access to farming land (2)
Subsidising farmers with the procurement of genetically modified(GM)
crops will guarantee production of crops (2)
Programmes to upskill farmers will improve efficiency and protect the
land (2)
Access to pesticides and insecticides improve and ensure the quality of
crops (2)
[ANY FOUR] (4 x 2) (8)

2.4 2.4.1 Decreased (1) (1 x 1) (1)

2.4.2 101 (1) (1 x 1) (1)

2.4.3 China (1) (1 x 1) (1)

2.4.4 Witwatersrand has the largest gold reef deposit (2)

Gold deposits are closer to the surface (2)
Lower geothermal gradient (2)
Gold reserves are of a high quality (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

2.4.5 Strike action (2)

Labour disputes (2)
Decreased foreign investment in the mines (2)
Certain mines have had to close down permanently (2)
High numbers of unskilled miners (2)
Threat of nationalisation (2)
Power outages (load shedding) (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

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2.4.6 An increase in unemployment will reduce buying power (2)

Reduced market and business profits will decrease (2)
Less taxes paid to government will reduce budgets for the development
of infrastructure (2)
Decrease in the multiplier effect in the country resulting in all sectors of
the economy being affected (2)
Decrease in foreign income due to less gold exports causes economic
recession (2)
Some mines would be forced to close decreasing the GDP of the
country (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

2.5 2.5.1 Focussed industrial development area that creates jobs and promotes
exports, close to major transport routes with international links (2)
[CONCEPT] (1 x 2) (2)

2.5.2 It is the largest Greenfield airport development (1) (1 x 1) (1)

2.5.3 Harbour (1)

N2 (1)
King Shaka (International Airport) (1)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 1) (2)

2.5.4 Access to improved telecommunication services (2)

Available infrastructure (2)
Airport provides industries with access to local and international
markets (2)
Access to power supply (2)
Dams ensure an abundance of water (2)
[ANY TWO] (2 x 2) (4)

2.5.5 A variety of industries would expose labourers to a variety of skills (2)

Technical specialists from other countries would transfer skills to the
local labour force (2)
Local labour would acquire Fourth industrial revolution skills which
would keep them abreast of the latest technological development (2)
The success of the Dube TradePort IDZ would ensure a more
permanent/stable labour force (2)
[ANY THREE] (3 x 2) (6)
[60]

TOTAL SECTION A: 120

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Geography/P2 8 DBE/November 2022
NSC – Marking Guidelines

SECTION B

QUESTION 3

3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS

3.1.1 5m (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.1.2 D (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.1.3 (a) 29 (1)°

(b) 04 (1)' 47 (45ʹʹ – 49ʹʹ) (1) (3 x 1) (3)

3.1.4 Formula: Gradient = Vertical Interval (VI)

Horizontal Equivalent (HE)

HE = 4,5(1) cm x 500 m = 2250 (1) m

(range: 4,4-4,6 cm x 500 = 2200- 2300)

= 39 (1) (for correct substitution)

2250

= 1 : 57,69 (1) (range: 1:56,41 – 1: 58,97) (4 x 1) (4)

3.1.5 more gentle (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION

3.2.1 Dispersed (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.2 Flat land (1)

Next to the river (1)
Fertile soil (1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.3 Low (income) (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.4 Small plots/houses (2)

Low cost housing/RDP housing project (2)
Houses of similar design (2)
High density (2)
Evidence of backyard shacks (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

3.2.5 Contour lines are close together (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.6 It resulted in an irregular street pattern (2) (1 x 2) (2)

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3.2.7 Access to roads (1)

Available labour (1)
Easy access to markets(1)
Close proximity to airport (1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.8 Provision of water (1)

Tourism/recreational activities (1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

3.2.9 Provision of water

Water will promote industrial development (2)
Water will encourage agriculture (2)

Tourism/Recreation
Recreational activities will attract locals and tourists (2)
Multiplier effect (2)
[ANY ONE- MUST LINK TO ANSWER IN QUESTION 3.2.8] (1 x 2) (2)

3.3 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

3.3.1 (a) Cultivated land (1)

(b) River (1) (2 x 1) (2)

3.3.2 Vector (1) (1 x 1) (1)

3.3.3 (a) Trees on the banks of the river (1)

Vacant land between the river and the industries/cultivated land (1)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 1) (1)

(b) Prevents the river from being polluted from the industries (2)
To limit pollutants (accept examples) from the cultivated lands
entering the river (2)
[ANY ONE] (1 x 2) (2)

3.3.4 (a) Kind Shaka International Airport (1) (1 x 1) (1)

(b) The gradient/land is gentle. (1) (1 x 1) (1)

TOTAL SECTION B: 30
GRAND TOTAL: 150

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