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    Power of Triangle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Jaffery
    This document defines and provides formulas for real power, reactive power, and apparent power in electrical circuits. Real power (P) is the power actually used by a load and is calculated as P=VI in DC circuits and P=VI cosθ in AC circuits. Reactive power (Q) represents power that oscillates between source and load due to inductive or capacitive properties, and is calculated as Q=VI sinθ. Apparent power (S) is the total power and is calculated as S=VI, which is equal to the square root of real power squared plus reactive power squared.

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    Power of Triangle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Jaffery
    45 views2 pages
    This document defines and provides formulas for real power, reactive power, and apparent power in electrical circuits. Real power (P) is the power actually used by a load and is calculated as P=VI in DC circuits and P=VI cosθ in AC circuits. Reactive power (Q) represents power that oscillates between source and load due to inductive or capacitive properties, and is calculated as Q=VI sinθ. Apparent power (S) is the total power and is calculated as S=VI, which is equal to the square root of real power squared plus reactive power squared.

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    This document defines and provides formulas for real power, reactive power, and apparent power in electrical circuits. Real power (P) is the power actually used by a load and is calculated as P=VI in DC circuits and P=VI cosθ in AC circuits. Reactive power (Q) represents power that oscillates between source and load due to inductive or capacitive properties, and is calculated as Q=VI sinθ. Apparent power (S) is the total power and is calculated as S=VI, which is equal to the square root of real power squared plus reactive power squared.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    45 views2 pages

    Power of Triangle

    Uploaded by

    Ali Jaffery
    This document defines and provides formulas for real power, reactive power, and apparent power in electrical circuits. Real power (P) is the power actually used by a load and is calculated as P=VI in DC circuits and P=VI cosθ in AC circuits. Reactive power (Q) represents power that oscillates between source and load due to inductive or capacitive properties, and is calculated as Q=VI sinθ. Apparent power (S) is the total power and is calculated as S=VI, which is equal to the square root of real power squared plus reactive power squared.

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    (1) Real Power: (P)

    Alternative words used for Real Power (Actual Power, True Power, Watt-full Power,
    Useful Power, Real Power, and Active Power)
    In a DC Circuit, power supply to the DC load is simply the product of Voltage across the
    load and Current flowing through it i.e., P = V I. because in DC Circuits, there is no
    concept of phase angle between current and voltage. In other words, there is no Power
    factor in DC Circuits.
    But the situation is Sinusoidal or AC Circuits is more complex because of phase
    difference between Current and Voltage. Therefore average value of power (Real
    Power) is P = VI Cosθ is in fact supplied to the load.
    In AC circuits, When circuit is pure resistive, then the same formula used for power as
    used in DC as P = V I.
    You may also read about Power Formulas in DC, AC Single Phase and and AC Three
    Phase Circuits.
    Real Power formulas:
    P=VI (In DC circuits)
    P = VI Cosθ (in Single phase AC Circuits)
    P = √3 VL IL Cosθ or (in Three Phase AC Circuits)
    P = 3 VPh IPh Cosθ
    P = √ (S2 – Q2)or
    P =√ (VA2 – VAR2) or
    Real or True power = √ (Apparent Power2– Reactive Power2) or
    kW = √ (kVA2 – kVAR2)

    (2) Reactive Power: (Q)


    Also known as (Use-less Power, Watt less Power)
    The powers that continuously bounce back and forth between source and load is known
    as reactive Power (Q)
    Power merely absorbed and returned in load due to its reactive properties is referred to
    as reactive power
    The unit of Active or Real power is Watt where 1W = 1V x 1 A.
    Reactive power represent that the energy is first stored and then released in the form of
    magnetic field or electrostatic field in case of inductor and capacitor respectively.
    Reactive power is given by Q = V I Sinθ which can be positive (+ve) for inductive,
    negative (-Ve) for capacitive load.
    The unit of reactive power is Volt-Ampere reactive. I.e. VAR where 1 VAR = 1V x 1A.
    In more simple words, in Inductor or Capacitor, how much magnetic or electric field
    made by 1A x 1V is called the unit of reactive power.
    Reactive power formulas:
    Q = V I Sinθ
    Reactive Power=√ (Apparent Power2– True power2)
    VAR =√ (VA2 – P2)
    kVAR = √ (kVA2 – kW2)

    (3) Apparent Power: (S)


    The product of voltage and current if and only if the phase angle differences between
    current and voltage are ignored.
    Total power in an AC circuit, both dissipated and absorbed/returned is referred to as
    apparent power
    The combination of reactive power and true power is called apparent power
    In an AC circuit, the product of the r.m.s voltage and the r.m.s current is called apparent
    power.
    It is the product of Voltage and Current without phase angle
    The unit of Apparent power (S) VA i.e. 1VA = 1V x 1A.
    When the circuit is pure resistive, then apparent power is equal to real or true power,
    but in inductive or capacitive circuit, (when Reactances exist) then apparent power is
    greater than real or true power.
    Apparent power formulas:
    S=VI
    Apparent Power = √ (True power2 + Reactive Power2)
    kVA = √kW2 + kVAR2
    AlsoNote that;
    Resistor absorbs the real power and dissipates in the form of heat and light.
    Inductor absorbs the reactive power and dissipates in the form of magnetic field
    Capacitor absorbs the reactive power and dissipates in the form of electric or electrostatic filed

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