ALTERNATING CURRENT - 7

(i) Multiple Choice Questions

1. In a series LR-circuit, the inductive reactance is equal to the resistance R of the circuit. An
emf E = E0cos (ωt) is applied to the circuit. The power consumed in the circuit is
E02 E02
(a) (b)
R 2R
E02 E02
(c) (d)
4R 8R
Ans- (c)
Analysing & Evaluating

2. One 60 V, 100 W bulb is to be connected to 100 V, 50 Hzac- source. The potential drop across
the inductor is (f = 50 Hz)
(a) 80 V (b) 40V
(c) 10 V (d) 20V
Ans- (a)
Analysing & Evaluating

3. An AC voltage source of variable angular frequency ω and fixed amplitude V connected in

series with a capacitance C and an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance zero). When ω is
increased
(a) The bulb glows dimmer
(b) The bulb glows brighter
(c) Net impedance of circuit is unchanged
(d) Total impedance of the circuit increases
Ans- (b)
Understanding

4. An alternating e.m.f. of angular frequency ω is applied across an inductance. The

instantaneous power developed across it has an angular frequency
(a) ω/4 (b) ω/2
(c) ω (d) 2ω
Ans- (d)
Understanding

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5. The variation of the instantaneous current I(t) and the instantaneous emfE(t) in a circuit is as
shown in the following fig. Which of the following statements is correct

(a) The voltage lags behind the current by π/2

(b) The voltage leads the current by π/2
(c) The voltage and the current are in phase
(d) The voltage leads the current by π
Ans- (b)
Remembering

6. The figure shows variation of R, XL and XC with frequency f in a series L, C, R circuit. Then
for what frequency point, the circuit is inductive.

(a) A (b) B
(c) C (d) A and B
Ans- (c)
Understanding

7. The r.m.s. voltage of the wave form shown is

(a) 10 V (b) 7V
(c) 6.37 V (d) 12 V
Ans- (a)
Analysing & Evaluating

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8. In electric arc furnace Cu or Iron is melted due to variation of
(a) current (b) magnetic field
(c) voltage (d) electric field
Ans - (b)
Remembering
9. When AC source is connected across seris R-C combination, the ac- current may lead ac-
voltage by
(a) 00 (b) 1800
(c) 300 (d) 90°
XC
Ans. (c) tan  
R
Understanding
10. High voltage transmission line is preferred as
(a) Its appliances are less costly (b) Thin power cables are required
(c) Idle current very low (d) Power loss is very less
Ans- (d) [Weak current flows through the transmission line hence tow power loss I2R]
Analysing & Evaluating
11. In series R-L-C circuit, quality factor can be improved by
(a) decreasing L (b) increasing C
(c) decreasing R (d) decreasing R & L
1 L 
Ans. (c) Q 
R C 
Application
12. When ac- source is connected across series R-L-C combination, maximum power loss will
occur provided
(a) current and voltage are in phase (b) Current from source is minimum
(c) Inductance is minimum (d) Capacitance is maximum
E0
Ans. (a) I 0 = (I0 ) max 
R
Analysing & Evaluating
13. In R-L-C series ac-circuit, impedance cannot be increased by
(a) increasing frequency of source (b) decreasing frequency of source
(c) increasing the resistance (d) increasing the voltage of the source

Z  R2  X L  X C 
2
Ans. (d)

Understanding

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14. In highly inductive load circuit, it is more dangerous when
(a) we close the switch (b) open the switch
(c) increasing the resistance (d) decreasing the resistance
Ans- (b)
Analysing & Evaluating

15. In electric sub-station in township, large capacitor banks are used

(a) to reduce power factor (b) to improve power factor
(c) to decrease current (d) to increase current in the circuit
Ans- (b)
Application
16. In a purely resistive a.c. circuit, the current
(a) is in phase with the e.m.f.
(b) leads the e.m.f. by a difference of  radians phase
(c) leads the e.m.f. by a phase difference of  /2 radians
(d) lags behind the e.m.f. by phase difference of  /4 radians
Ans. (a)
Remembering

17. A capacitor of capacitance C has reactance X. If capacitance and frequency become double,
then the capacitive reactance will be
(a) 2X (b) 4X
X X
(c) (d)
2 4
1 1 X
Ans. (d) X C   X C1   C
2C 2  2   2C  4

Applying

400
18. Reactance of a capacitor of capacitance C for an alternating current of frequency Hz is 25

 . The value of C is

(a) 25 F (b) 50 F

(c) 75 F (d) 100 F

Ans. (d)
Applying

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19. The core of a transformer is laminated, so as to
(a) make it light weight (b) make it robust and strong
(c) increase the secondary voltage (d) reduce energy loss due to eddy current
Ans. (d)
Remembering

20. The ratio of no. of turns of primary coil to secondary coil in a transformer is 2:3. If a cell of 6
V is connected across the primary coil, then voltage across the secondary coil will be
(a) 3V (b) 6V
(c) 9V (d) 12 V
Ans. (c)
Applying

21. In a transformer, the no. of turns of primary and secondary coil are 500 and 400 respectively.
If 220 V is supplied to the primary coil, then ratio of currents in primary and secondary coils
is
(a) 4:5 (b) 5:4
(c) 5:9 (d) 9:5
I V N 
Ans. (a)  P  S  S  4 : 5 
 I S VP N P 

Applying

22. An LC-circuit contains 10 mH inductor and 25 mF capacitor with given initial charge. The
resistance of the circuit is negligible. The energy stored in circuit is completely magnetic at
time (in milliseconds) the time is measured from the instant when the circuit is closed
 2  2 5
(a) 0 , , ...etc (b) , , ...etc
2 2 3 3 3
 3 5   
(c) , , ...etc (d) 0 , , ...etc
4 4 4 8 4
T 3T T 3T 5T
Ans. (c) [at t  0 , ,T , .... energy is electrostatic & at t  , , … energy totally
2 2 4 4 4
1
magnetic. Here , T   2 LC   / 1000 ]

Analysing & Evaluating

71
(ii) Completion Type Questions
1. We can reduce the eddy current losses in transformer by using …………………….
Ans. Laminated soft iron core
Analysing & Evaluating

2. In ac- circuit, the average power consumed by a pure capacitor during in one cycle in pure
capacitance is ……………………..
Ans. Zero
Remembering

3. If the power loss in a circuit is zero, the current is called …………………….

Ans. Wattless current
Remembering

4. A choke is preferred over resistance in an ac- circuit to decrease ac- current because it
consumes practically …………………….power.
Ans. Zero
Understanding

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(iii) True/False Type Questions
1. In R-L-C series circuit, phase angle between voltage and current cannot be zero.
X L  XC
Ans. – False   tan 1
R
Understanding


2. In ac-generator, the phase difference between magnetic flux linkage and induced emf is
2

and between magnetic flux and induced current is also
2
Ans. True
Understanding

3. Among commonly available materials, steel is preferred over soft iron to make transformer.
Ans. – False
Remembering

4. In primary winding of transformer if we connect D.C. supply source then we get no power
output.
Ans. – True [No electromagnetic induction where dc supply is connected at the input]
Understanding

5. A pure inductor connected across ac- source has maximum power factor
R
Ans. – False [ Cos  ; for pure L Cos  0, for pure R Cos  1 ]
Z
Analysing & Evaluating

6. If we decrease frequency of source in series R-L-C circuit, impedance may increase or

decrease.
2
 1 
Ans. – True [Z= R   L 
2

 c 
Analysing & Evaluating

73
(iv) Matching type Questions

1. (a) 220V, 50 Hz is more dangerous than 220 (p) peak value of 220 V ac supply is equal
V DC supply source to 311 V.
(b) At resonance in series R-L-C circuit (q) peak value of 220 V ac supply is equal
to 220 V but it gives larger shock
(r) Impedance is minimum.
Ans- (a) - (p) , (b) – (r)
Understanding
2. (a) For melting of metal in arc furnace very (p) Due to very fast changing magnetic
high frequency AC source is used field stronger induced current
(b) For decreasing power losses developed
ferromagnetic material to be use (q) Due to high frequency less impedance
and less power loss occurs
(r) For decreasing power loss solid iron
Ans- (a) - (p) , (b) – (s) piece required as iron core

Application (s) Laminated, insulated soft core to be

used
3. (a) Unit of L/R is (p) second
(b) Power factor in a circuit (q) Ohm
(r) 0, 
Ans- (a) - (p) , (b) – (s) (s) varies between 0 to 1
Analysing & Evaluating

4. (a) Speed of dynamo is doubled then peak (p) becomes half

value of induced emf (q) doubles
(b) Principle of generator (r) electromagnetic induction

Ans- (a) - (q) , (b) – (r)

Understanding

5. (a) Unit of impedance (p) Ohm

(b) Unit of suceptance (q) Ohm-m
(r) Watt-hour
Ans- (a) - (p) , (b) – (s) (s) Mho
Remembering

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