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Analysis of 2 Interviews With Health Psychologists

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NATIONAL AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF MEXICO

IZTACALA SCHOOL OF HIGHER EDUCATION

PSYCHOLOGY AT A DISTANCE

STEPS 2 & 3. ANALYSIS OF THE


INTERVIEW.
ACTIVITY 5

NAME: SILVIA YÁÑEZ BAUTISTA


ACCOUNT NUMBER: 419135825
MODULE: 0300
GROUP: 9325
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVIEWS
LECTURE BY DR. JUAN JOSÉ SÁNCHEZ SOSA
Title: Prospective of Clinical and Health Psychology in Mexico (Sánchez, 2014).
Health Psychology and Clinical Psychology do essentially the same thing, they work on
prevention by arranging human behavior to prevent the appearance of a clinical condition.
Mexico has to deal with infectious diseases (typical of poor countries) and chronic
degenerative diseases (typical of rich countries such as diabetes, hypertension, heart
problems, etc.).
The behavior modifies the probability of occurrence of a cynical condition. Therefore,
health psychology also works through interventions to modify the patient's behavior so that
he/she can recover his/her health.
Epidemiological champions: anxious symptomatology, depressive symptomatology,
interpersonal deficits or excesses, lack of emotional self-regulation skills (maladaptive
emotional reactions), addictions, etc. Anxiety and depression are more predominant.
The whole organism is sick and some specific apparatus or system is affected and that is
where the affectation is noticed.
The pillars of the health-disease dimension are: heredity, nutrition, quality and access to
health services, quality of the physical and social environment, and human behavior. The
understanding of the fifth pillar came at the end.
For the design of interventions it is necessary to distinguish the nature of the variables that
affect health, there are two groups, the distal ones (those that cannot be changed, external
factors) and the proximal ones (those that can be acted upon).
Proximal protective variables are those inherent to human interaction, such as nutrition,
parenting practices, human interaction in the family. These variables help mitigate the
development of adverse health effects or adaptation to exposure to risk factors.
By means of the knowledge of these variables, interventions are designed that will lead the
individual to prevent the appearance of diseases. Behavior can modify the probability of a
gene being expressed.
Stress puts us at special risk of acquiring diseases, it is defined as the tension that arises
when life confronts me with a situation to which I must adapt quickly. It requires making
adjustments and putting into practice skills that help us adapt such as interpersonal skills,
social competence, group support (seeking help from people who love us), etc.
A poorly managed stress that is prolonged for a long time, ends up manifesting as a flu, it
has also been discovered that our reaction to stress causes hormonal changes.
The value of risk depends on social competence, availability of social support,
predictability, duration of the event, availability of resources, etc. Humans suffer greatly
from uncertainty.
Examples of life events and changes that can produce stress:
1. Birth of a sibling
2. Admission to school
3. Gender relations
4. Vocational choice
5. Marriage
6. Birth of a child
7. Retirement
8. Death of a partner
9. Proximity of one's own death.
Psychology has managed to discover the elements to deal with these changes.
The sum of different negative factors can lead to physical and psychological health
problems.
When the individual suffers from stress, he/she begins to develop behaviors that help to
alleviate it and that are usually harmful, such as addictions (alcohol, food, etc.).
Human behavior includes all aspects of psychological functioning such as emotional
reactions (with their physiological components), beliefs, instrumental activity (everything
the individual does that changes the environment) and the relationship of all to
psychosomatics.
Psychological interventions act by modifying the interaction between the components of
human functioning.
Emotions influence health in two ways: through prolonged negative emotions that interact
with physiological processes causing debilitating states and on the other hand they affect
instrumental behavior interfering with the necessary actions to take care of health.
There are two intervention strategies for health prevention:
• Locate individuals exposed to distal risk factors and design interventions that
facilitate the adoption of protective behavior patterns based on proximal factors.
Change people's behavior before they get sick.
• Assume that everyone is exposed to risk factors. The adoption of protective
behaviors is promoted to the general population. It requires establishing skills and
changing beliefs.

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MEXICO
The means of intervention used are formal education from primary school, campaigns in
the workplace, campaigns in the media (radio, television, press, internet, billboards, etc.),
campaigns in sports clubs, religious associations, social clubs, etc.
Information alone is not enough to change behavior.
Patient adherence to medical treatments is related to the intensity and characteristics of
the condition, where the patient is activated to recover his or her health in the following
proportion:
• 80% in short treatments (acute conditions)
• 50% in prolonged (chronic) treatments
• 20% in prolonged treatment of asymptomatic conditions.
This is related to the physical deterioration suffered by the patient, the psychological
suffering and the economic losses.
The psychologist can help with interventions to increase patient adherence to treatment.
Health psychology in Mexico has been achieved:
• In a subjective sense (psychological suffering):
o Reduce depressive symptomatology
o Reduce anxious symptomatology
o Improve quality of life
o Reducing the perception of catastrophe
o Reduce the burden of the pain experience.
- In a behavioral sense:
o Improve interpersonal skills
o Increasing therapeutic adherence
o Modify eating habits
o Increase level of physical activity
o Reducing alcohol intake and smoking
o Engaging in non-harmful recreational activities
- In the medical sense:
o Reduce: blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose and glycosylated
hemoglobin.
o Intensity, duration and frequency of: tension and vascular headaches,
asthmatic attacks, pathological laboratory indicators and days of
hospitalization.
Physicians and psychologists share a deep respect for research findings.
The four basic interventions used in Health Psychology:
1. Knowledge, information "psychoeducation".

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2. Detection and correction of dysfunctional beliefs.
3. Establishment of self-care skills and therapeutic adherence
4. Establishment of emotional self-regulation skills.
It requires systematic work, the theories adopted must be selected in an appropriate
manner, so that a better service can be provided.
Society cannot afford a clinical or health psychologist "artisan".
Its interventions need to be based on research from prevention to terminal patient care.
Establish behavioral changes that give them meaning by responding to specific,
identifiable demands.
Counteract the maladaptive or stressor value of changes.

INTERVIEW WITH DR. LUIS ARMANDO OBLITAS GUADALUPE ON HEALTH


PSYCHOLOGY.
Transcription of the interview with Dr. Luis Armando Oblitas (Revista Electrónica
PsicologiaCientifica.com, 2007):
1. How does Luis Armando Oblitas define Health Psychology, what contributions does
this area of Psychology make to medical treatment?
Health psychology is the scientific study, that is, through the scientific method, of the
psychosocial variables that intervene in the processes of health and disease and that,
when in synergy with some biological and social risk factors, constitute an integral
perspective that results in a person's health or disease.
It is interested in the identification, description and research of the psychological factors
that are behind the processes of health, i.e. well-being and also the processes of
disease or pathology.

2. Why did Health Psychology arise, what factors does it address and what areas of
knowledge does it involve?
Health psychology emerged in the 1970's because everyone suspected that
psychological factors were important, but there was a lack of some kind of integration,
some kind of integral configuration, of a global meaning to understand how these
psychological factors were involved with the biological factors and with the social
factors and how they clicked so that in some cases disease was generated and in other
cases health was promoted.how these psychological factors were involved with the
biological factors and with the social factors and how they clicked together so that in
some cases disease was generated and in other cases health was promoted.
Therefore, health psychologists saw the need, through the biopsychosocial model, to
explain how these variables interact and how they increase the probability of wellbeing
and

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health. Thus the areas with which health psychology has to do is with behavioral
health, with behavioral medicine, but it also has to do indirectly with factors, there is a
sociology of health, an anthropology of health, so the perspective of health psychology
is an interdisciplinary perspective, it takes into account medicine, it takes into account
biology, sociology, anthropology, economics, but also health psychology is an
interdisciplinary perspective.So the perspective of health psychology is an
interdisciplinary perspective, it takes into account medicine, it takes into account
biology, sociology, anthropology, economics, but also psychological factors, which is
its main area of interest.

3. From your perspective, how has Health Psychology evolved, especially in Latin
America, and which countries stand out?
Making a retrospective analysis of what has happened with the different soft and hard
psychologies in terms of the use of the scientific method, we see that the field of Health
Psychology has had a remarkable, incredible development and this has been due to
several factors, among them research, the design of evaluation instruments and above
all a transtheoretical or interdisciplinary perspective, and this has accelerated a boom
and this boom is reflected in the number of journals, in the number of publications, in
the number of journals, in the number of publications, in the number of
publications.This has accelerated a boom and this boom is reflected in the number of
journals, in the number of publications, in the number of congresses, in the number of
academic programs, that is to say, this has become a remarkable development.

4. Being more specific, what people, works, research groups or institutions would you
consider to have stood out?
In Ibero-America, the work done by psychologists in Spain and Mexico has been quite
outstanding lately, but there are also countries that are having a very interesting
development, such as Colombia and Chile, to name a few.The development of these
countries, among others, is basically due to academic work and research work with a
clear social conscience. Here in Mexico we can mention the highest university in
Mexico, the UNAM, specifically the Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala, and
also the Universidad de Guadalajara and the Universidad Veracruzana, which are
leaders in this area at both the undergraduate and graduate levels in terms of projects
and publications. At the level of other countries, the contribution made by Spain is a
model to follow, in that sense several institutions stand out in the clinical and health
area such as the University of Granda, the Autonomous University of Madrid, the
University of Malaga, the University of Oviedo, and a little in the Central American part,
the University of Costa Rica, where I have had the opportunity to be a visiting
professor recently, and also the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Lima
Peru and the University of Santiago de Chile and in Colombia the Universidad
Nacional stands out in this area.In Central America, the University of Costa Rica
stands out, where I have had the opportunity to be a visiting professor recently, and
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also the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Lima Peru and the University
of Santiago de Chile and in Colombia the Universidad Nacional stands out in this area.

The most visible heads are Dr. Juan José Sánchez Sosa who is in the area of chronic-
terminal diseases, Dr. Benjamín Domínguez in the area of Psychology and Pain, to
mention two very prominent colleagues and also Dr. Graciela Rodríguez in the area of
behavioral medicine. Benjamin Dominguez in the area of Psychology and Pain, to
mention two very prominent colleagues and also Dr. Graciela Rodriguez in the area of
behavioral medicine. In Spain, Dr. Sierra of the University of Granada and Dr. Vicente
Caballo of the University of Granada are outstanding for their contributions.

5. Your line of work is framed within the biopsychosocial approach and the behavioral
approach. What role has the behavioral model played in the advances in health
psychology?
The behavioral model is the model that serves as the basis for this approach, but it is a
model that has been adapted and enriched with recent advances in neurosciences, in
psychoneuroimmunology, and this has enriched it and in turn has allowed this
approach to health psychology, this area of health psychology to have not only a
flexible model based on evidence, but also a flexible model based on evidence.This
has enriched it and in turn has allowed this approach to health psychology, this area of
health psychology to have not only a flexible model based on evidence, but also based
on scientific verification. In this sense, we can say that it is the behavioral model, but
with a broad spectrum, which has allowed health psychology to have an evident
objective scientific substrate, based on data that really makes what is done in health
psychology an eminently scientific activity.
The other part of the question, basically, is applied in two contexts, one is to encourage
those behaviors that are healthy and that will logically allow strengthening and
maintenance of behaviors to achieve greater well-being and better quality of life, this is
in terms of prevention and in the case of intervention, basically what the person thinks,
feels and does has an impact on their well-being and quality of life. Without fear of
being wrong, we would say that 45% of the factors that cause people to develop a
cardiovascular problem or a diabetes problem have to do with psychosocial factors, it
has to do with dietary factors, it has to do with exercise factors, sleep, coping with
stress, the way the person lives. So in that sense, based on the behavioral model, on a
scientific model, the modification in teaching at-risk communities to change specific
behavioral patterns contributes not only to keep the disease from progressing, but also
to keep it under control. In this sense, the modification of eating habits, the modification
of exercise habits and the adequate coping to solve problems that generate stressful
situations, in some way play a very relevant role, then there is the behavioral part in
the broad sense of the term, which has to do with cognitive and behavioral factors.

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MEXICO
6. Now, how do you define the biopsychosocial approach in health psychology
intervention and how does it differ from the medical model?
Note that health is a topic that has always interested psychologists and other
professionals due to the advancement of science in general, there was a need to
understand that health as defined by the WHO is not only the absence of disease but
is the complete well-being at the biological, psychological and social level, and we
could also say at the spiritual level. Therefore, to the extent that a person functions
properly and satisfactorily manages the behaviors that are related to these four
dimensions of the organism, this will generate greater well-being and greater health
or, in the opposite case, less disease. So the biopsychosocial model proposed by
Engel is one of the pillars of contemporary scientific psychology and differs from
the medical model in that it is not a reductionist model, it is not a model limited only to
understanding that if a person is ill, it is only because of an infectious or virulent
process.It is not a model limited only to understanding that if a person is ill it is only
because of an infectious or virulent process, there are factors, people also get ill
because of economic problems, people get ill because of stress problems, people also
get ill because of stress, people also get ill because of the economic problems they are
experiencing, people also get ill because of the economic problems they are
experiencing, people get ill because of the stress they are experiencing.People also
get sick when they do not get along well with other people, when they do not have
adequate resolutions, when they do not know how to enjoy life in terms of hobbies,
when they do not know how to rest, in short, they also get sick because of
psychological factors.The evidence has led this model to be more widely accepted and
it is the model adopted by health psychology to understand the processes of health
and disease.

7. Two terms that are mentioned in the field of Health Psychology are immunogens
and behavioral pathogens, what do these concepts refer to?
Let's say it briefly and then I will expand on it. The human being has a repertoire of
behaviors, we are going to talk about some positive ones that Mata da Sol called
immunogens in the sense that they are positive because they promote health, they
promote wellbeing such as high self-esteem, high self-efficacy, a logical emotional
control, being more rational than emotional, all positive behaviors such as having a
balanced diet, resting and sleeping properly, getting along well with people, enjoying
leisure, would be immunogens that not only generate wellbeing but also generate a
sense of well-being.All positive behaviors such as having a balanced diet, resting and
sleeping properly, getting along well with people, enjoying leisure time, would be
immunogens that not only generate wellbeing but also enhance our health.
And on the other hand we have the behaviors refusals or the pathogens
behavioral that are all those behaviors, all those who
behaviors, I am talking about cognition, emotions and behaviors that are going to put
your well-being at risk and therefore are precursors to disease. Here we are talking
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specifically, for example, about the tendency to

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resentment, the tendency to anger and rage, we are also talking about difficulties in
getting along with others, we are talking about both biological and psychological
addictions, all of which would be immunogenic or also called risk behaviors because
they are going to put us at risk, which translates into cardiovascular problems,
respiratory or digestive problems.We are also talking about biological and
psychological addictions, all of them would be immunogenic or also called risky
behaviors because they are going to put us in danger, which translates into
cardiovascular problems, respiratory or digestive problems.
The strategy is to make the person learn to emit more behavioral immunogens and to
learn to diminish or extinguish pathogens, so that he or she will have a healthier life
and a better quality of life.

8. You are the author of the book "Style and quality of life", how does Luis Oblitas
define these concepts?
La calidad de vida en términos metodológicos vamos a llamar que es la variable
dependiente, es decir es la consecuencia, es la dimensión cualitativa que la persona
cómo se siente a sí mismo como consecuencia de su funcionamiento biológico, es
decir si sus pulmones están funcionando adecuadamente, si sus arterias estáon the
psychological level if he is more rational than emotional, if he is more logical than
illogical, if he is more logical than illogical, if he is more rational than illogical, if he is
more rational than emotional, if he is more logical than illogical, if he is more rational
than illogical.At the emotional level if he has more experiences of joy, joyfulness than
sadness or depression. So the combination of the cognitive, the emotional and the
behavioral will give you as a consequence the perception that the person has of how
he/she is functioning both biologically and psychologically, socially and spiritually, and
the consequence of this self-perception will give you how the person feels, that feeling
is the subjective idea is the consequence of this important concept that is the quality of
life.The consequence of this self-perception will give you how the person feels, that
feeling is the subjective idea that brings as a consequence this very important concept
that is the quality of life.
So the quality of life is a function of perception, i.e. self-observation at the level of
biological, psychological, social and spiritual functioning, that would be the quality of
life.

9. A topic that also concerns health psychology is the hospital area. What is your
opinion on hospital health in Ibero-America?
This is a very interesting topic because it has turned out to be a watershed, it turns out
that psychology is a young science and therefore has a social perception, in that sense
the clinical psychologist, the hospital psychologist, was mostly limited to the functions
basically of evaluation and diagnosis and that was the end of his role. However, thanks
to research, thanks to the progress made by psychology in general and in particular
the contributions of health psychology, this perception has changed, i.e. now the
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psychologist working in a hospital center, in a polyclinic, is not only requested to
provide assessment services, but also to participate in prevention programs and also
to contribute and provide services to the clinical patient who is treated on an outpatient
basis or who is going to be hospitalized.In other words, now the psychologist working
in a hospital center, in a polyclinic, is not only asked for evaluation services, but also
participates in prevention programs

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and also to contribute and provide services to the clinical patient who is treated on an
outpatient basis or who is going to be hospitalized for an intervention. So these
functions have expanded and nowadays the social perception of other professionals
has changed favorably as a consequence of what I have just mentioned.
So now the health psychologist who is specifically in the hospital area not only does
what we have already mentioned, but also develops programs for the psychological
management of pain and rehabilitation. For example, a very real case, at present in
both private and state hospitals, clubs are formed for diabetics or people with
cardiovascular problems who are receiving medical treatment but who have also
received group psychological treatment to improve their quality of life in terms of
their eating habits, their exercise activity, the management of negative emotions, stress
management, how to develop strategies to solve problems, so that their life can
qualitatively change through the psychosocial aspect and with this, they can improve
their quality of life through the psychosocial aspect.In addition, they have received
psychological group treatment to improve their quality of life in terms of their eating
habits, their exercise activity, the management of negative emotions, stress
management, the way they should develop strategies to solve problems, so that their
life can change qualitatively by the psychosocial aspect and with it have a positive
effect and together with the specialized medical treatment they can have a superior or
more optimal effect. Therefore, the psychologist is seen as a professional not only
trained in methodology, trained in instruments, but also in prevention programs and
psychological intervention programs.

10. Well Dr. Oblitas, we have already discussed the generalities of health psychology,
its approaches and applications, its development in Ibero-America and hospital
health. Oblitas, we have already talked about the generalities of health psychology,
its approaches and applications, its development in Ibero-America and hospital
health, the following questions are related to your work and your perspective, your
point of view in relation to the advances that health psychology has had in the
Ibero-American context, basically in academia, in universities and in research,
advances that are shared in congresses and in international events.The following
questions are related to your work and perspective, your point of view in relation to
the advances that health psychology has had in the Iberoamerican context,
basically in the academia, in universities and in research, advances that are shared
in congresses and international events. You have been invited to several academic
events, you have advised multiple diploma courses and master's degrees in Health
Psychology, what is your opinion of them? the undergraduate programs of
Psychology offered in
Latin America and specific graduate programs related to Health Psychology?
The training of a psychologist is a function of several factors, basically the curriculum
oriented to aspects of society in terms of health. A curriculum that emphasizes not only
the basic and higher psychological aspects, but also as it does at the level of research,
at the level of program design and at the level of prevention of social awareness

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oriented in this case to the major problems that our society suffers and that have a
great impact on health, which has allowed the psychology career of the University of
California at La Salle (UCSD) to be a key element in the development of the
curriculum.

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The training of psychologists at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels should not
only continue to be popular, but should also enable them to train psychologists at the
undergraduate and graduate levels so that they can adequately perform their social
mission. In this sense, we have seen a very significant improvement as a result of the
challenges, the changes and also the problems, the modification of the problems and
their solution. People who die now are no longer dying for the same reasons they died
before, people in the last century died from infections, bacteria and other things, now
they die basically because of their lifestyles.They die from smoking, they die from
alcoholism, they die from speeding, they die from leading a busy and stressful life,
they die because they do not control their emotions properly and have a tendency
to depression, resentment, sadness, anger, rage and violence, that is what people
die from nowadays. So the programs in which I have collaborated and the
programs I have seen in other institutions in the medical area, are fully aware that they
are oriented to develop the psychologist's skills, academic and professional
competencies, but also social competencies so that he/she can better perform his/her
function. In this sense, I see the programs as quite good and I would see them much
better, especially so that what is learned can be applied in reality, that is, let us say,
what has previously failed in the curricular programs, which fortunately nowadays are
already corrected, it is no longer only theoretical or experimental training, only
academic, but also with a social community orientation, because the problems are
social community problems, the problems are not individual, they are groups.It is no
longer only theoretical training or only experimental, only academic, but also with a
social community orientation, because the problems are social community problems,
the problems are not individual, they are group problems.

11. In relation to the invitations you received to attend and participate in international
events, what advances in Health Psychology have been presented in the most
recent events you have attended?
Note that the current population has high incidence of risk behaviors. We have anxiety
disorders, attention disorders and post-traumatic stress disorders and I would also add
hostile behavior disorders, violent behavior. Therefore, these four behaviors increase
significantly, especially in large cities, but also in small cities. So the main interest and
the main contribution is to the extent that, based on evidence, psychologists make
contributions and those contributions reach the great majorities through regional, state
programs for what to do to be able to modify daily anxiety, what to do to handle stress,
what to do to handle violent situations. In this sense, the interest in teaching people not
only what to do but how to do when they already have a problem, is what I have seen
as one of the most important contributions of health psychology and it seems to me
that the future of health psychology in terms of its contribution to the development of
health psychology will be in the future.

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as a science and as a profession is in prevention. That is where health psychologists
can do more to help people avoid a cardiovascular problem, avoid cancer, a diabetes
problem, an intestinal problem, a problem that has to do with all these basic issues and
that in some way are the ones that manifest themselves at the level of disease.It is in
the use of multicomponent programs, based on evidence, but open to advances in
science in general, such as neuroscience, that I feel there will be a greater contribution
with greater social significance. In other words, in other words, congresses are
important, publications are important, journals are important, but as long as these
programs do not reach the great majorities, they remain a bit like the promises of
politicians, they are never applied.

12. Well, and finally, what message would you leave to psychology professionals to
motivate them to be trained in the field of health psychology, to deepen and
research in this area?
To the people who are going to do us the favor of listening to this interview, I would
give them the following message, "consume scientific literature on psychology and
health", and for this purpose the Internet is useful, the sites are useful, the literature in
magazines and books is also useful.

CONCLUSIONS

This activity was very interesting because I had the opportunity to listen to two very
prominent psychologists in the field of health for their research and experience in this field.
I was able to corroborate several concepts studied during the course. One of them is the
field of action of the Health Psychologist, his important work in disease prevention
campaigns, in health promotion, interventions with patients with chronic diseases to
increase their adherence to treatment and the accompaniment of terminal patients for the
psychological management of pain and grief.
A very important aspect discussed by both specialists is the careful choice of intervention
strategies and applied theories, which must be based on research, so that their
effectiveness is supported and studied.
Dr. Oblitas gives a very interesting description of the application of the behavioral model to
Health Psychology, of which he clarifies that it is a model modified and adapted to Health
Psychology through the contributions of the

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advances in neurosciences and psychoneuroimmunology, which is supported by research
and makes the activity developed eminently scientific. It also highlights the importance of
behavioral change in individuals and how these changes impact on maintaining or
regaining health if they are positive or on promoting disease if the behaviors are
maladaptive.
It is very interesting that Health Psychology emerged in the 70's and to know how it has
been gaining ground and making greater contributions to the field of health, where the
psychologist's work has gone from diagnosis and evaluation to different types of
intervention, which have an important impact on health systems, promoting a greater
culture of health and a greater adherence to medical treatments, which translates into a
reduction of expenses for this sector, since prevention actions help to reduce the
number of people who develop a chronic disease and for people who already suffer from it
to have lower costs.This translates into a reduction of expenses for this sector, since
preventive actions help to reduce the number of people who develop a chronic disease
and help those who already suffer from it to have a better control of it and reduce the
frequency of critical episodes that require hospitalization.
Finally, the need for well-prepared health psychologists who base their daily work on
research is highlighted, because research supports their work and continuing to generate
research helps to find solutions to the health problems faced by society, which today are
closely related to anxious and depressive disorders.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
Sanchez S., J.J., (April 2014). Prospective of Clinical and Health Psychology in Mexico.
Second cycle of conferences on processes in Health Psychology "Practice and
research in the field of health". Event held at the Facultad de Estudios Superiores
Iztacala, UNAM, Mexico.
Electronic Journal PsicologiaCientifica.com. (2007, December 4). Luis
Armando Oblitas Guadalupe – Interview. Magazine
PsicologiaCientifica.com, 9(38). Available in:
http://www.psicologiacientifica.com/luis-armando-oblitas-guadalupe- interview

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