ALGERIA
ALGERIA
ALGERIA
For this score, we use the 72 gender-specific SDG indicators in the Women
Count Data Hub’s SDG Dashboard for the 193 UN Member States. For each
indicator, we calculate the 33rd and 66th percentiles of the distribution and,
based on those two values, countries are classified as belonging to high
performance, medium performance and low performance categories. For more
details, see the methodological note and the article “We now have more
gender-related SDG data than ever, but is it enough?”
CEDAW
The provisions of this international instrument entered into force for Algeria on 19
June 1996 and have since that date been part of national legislation.
Consistent with the Committee's guidelines, this report contains two parts. The first
covers the general context in which efforts to overcome discrimination against
women are being pursued in Algeria, while the second provides specific
information on each of the Convention's provisions.
In introducing the report, the representative of Algeria underlined that his country
had submitted its initial report only two years after its accession to the Convention,
despite the current difficult situation it was facing. That was an indication of the
sincere commitment of the Government to human rights and to the advancement of
women. 43. The representative noted that Algeria’ second Constitution of 1976,
proclaimed 13 years after independence, guaranteed for the first time equality
before the law. The Constitution of 1989, revised in 1996, reinforced principles of
universal human rights, such as freedom of speech and free elections. Article 123
also confirmed the primacy of all international treaties ratified by Algeria over
national law, a decision confirmed by the Constitutional Council on 20 August
1998. All civil, penal, administrative and commercial codes conformed to the
Constitution and the principles of equality between men and women. However,
despite the rapid progress with regard to de jure equality, de facto equality had not
been achieved because of stereotypical attitudes that existed in society. 44. A
number of measures had been taken by public authorities as part of the overall
policy on women, in particular after the Fourth World Conference on Women
(Beijing, 1995). A permanent committee had been established under the auspices
of the Ministry of National Solidarity and Family; and to strengthen the national
mechanisms for the advancement of women, a secretariat of State upgraded to a
Ministry and headed by a woman Minister acted as a focal point for the
advancement of women. The Council for the Preservation and Promotion of the
Family and the National Women’s Council were created in 1996 and 1997
respectively, to ensure the coherence of all policies for the advancement of women.
As part of the implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action, Algeria had
adopted a national action plan and recently presented a report on the many actions
undertaken since the Fourth World Conference on Women. 45. The representative
recalled that Algerian women had already played an active role in the struggle for
independence, but stereotypical attitudes, exacerbated by illiteracy, were obstacles
to achievement of equality with men. A great number of political parties and
nongovernmental organizations had emerged since the introduction of a pluralist
democracy in 1984, but fundamentalist movements and terrorism threatened
advances made, particularly where women were concerned. 46. The representative
pointed out that education, which was free, had been decisive in women’s
emancipation, providing access to employment, medical and social services and
breaking down stereotypical attitudes and social obstacles. Certain sectors of
employment were now dominated by women, including the magistrature,
education and health. 2 47. The representative noted that domestic violence against
women was considered a severe crime by the Constitution and penal code. Many
non-governmental organizations also existed to assist battered women. Several
initiatives had been taken to care for victims of rape and abduction, including
centres to treat women and children traumatized by terrorist violence. 48. The
representative informed the Committee that progress had been achieved with
regard to equality in political and public life at the national level, although only a
few women had reached decision-making positions. Many women were active,
including in leadership positions, in political parties, unions and non-governmental
organizations. The reform of voting procedures in 1995, which limited voting by
proxy to exceptional situations, returned the right to vote to many women whose
guardian or husband had customarily voted on their behalf. 49. The economic
crisis affecting Algeria since 1986 had resulted in a decline in jobs and had had a
negative impact on the employment of women. Women’s participation in the
labour force was low and informal work at home was increasing. However, the
representative noted that under the current social security system women received
specific benefits related to maternity and retirement, including 14 weeks of
maternity leave at full pay. 50. Family planning services were an integral part of
the health programme and had expanded since 1974. Today 99 per cent of women
were aware of methods of family planning, and the fertility rate, in particular
among the younger age groups, had been significantly reduced. 51. In concluding
his presentation, the representative of Algeria emphasized that the ratification of
the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
had to be viewed in the context of the political will to encourage the gradual
emancipation of women. Accession to the Convention had raised a debate in the
country and although accession was accompanied by reservations, it should be
seen as a step towards social and normative developments leading to withdrawal of
the reservations. In particular, as a result of the accession to the Convention, the
Family Code of 1984 was currently being revised and suggested amendments,
which could result in removal of reservations, had emerged, as a result both of
claims by women’s groups and of the evolution of Algerian society.
Algeria: Joint programme for gender equality and the empowerment of women in
Algeria
The aim of the joint programme was to support Algeria's efforts for gender equality
and the empowerment of women, with a particular focus on improving access to
employment for women.
Solutions:
Algeria a country who protect women rights and always support equality for
women in all areas. Here are some of the solutions that the country think would
think do the needful:
When girls in crisis countries enter school, many do not finish due to early
marriage, teenage pregnancy, or the obligation to take on household chores.
43% of girls in Nigeria, 37% in the DRC and 40% of girls in Ethiopia are
subject to child marriage.
When women have economic opportunities, it can enhance their status in their
households and communities.
7 Engage men in the fight to end violence against women and girls
8 Support campaigns
Support campaigns like the United Nations Unite Campaign to support refugee
women and girls around the world.
During conflicts womens are always being opppresed and suppresed. But not in
Algeria.
Algeria had ratified two conventions on the rights of migrant workers and of
persons with disabilities, and the removal of the reservation on the article on
nationality of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
had further strengthened the commitment to women’s issues. The National Council
for Family and Women of 2007 had brought together different ministries,
organizations, associations and experts to promote family and women’s issues.
Political participation of women would expand with the application of Article 31
bis of the Constitution of 2008 and the law on representation of women in the
elected bodies.
. Equal access to health care was strengthened by the introduction of free health
care, improvement in reproductive health care and a substantive reduction in
maternal mortality and morbidity.
There was an improvement in coverage for mothers and children and in neonatal
care, as well as in combating malaria and HIV/AIDS.
Social security provided equal coverage for women including special protection for
motherhood and pensions.
Women with disabilities enjoyed special social security coverage and training for
socio-economic integration.
Algeria did its utmost to combat all forms of violence against women, including
domestic violence which was sanctioned by the law.
The place of women in the Algerian society would be further reinforced through
the ongoing reform which would consolidate democracy and promote economic
growth.
group of women currently suffering from poverty and social marginalization is
made up of the hundreds of female survivors of abductions and rapes carried out
by various fundamentalist armed groups from 1992 to 1999. Many families have
rejected these women and refused to accept them back into their homes – a woman
who has been sexually assaulted is often considered a dishonor to the family – and
a majority of these women now live on the streets. The government has provided
some assistance to these women, but state personnel are not fully trained or
prepared to handle such cases. Women survivors of rape at the hands of armed
groups are excluded from economic state benefits, which are available to victims
of other armed group abuses who have suffered physical injury or material loss. It
took several years after the first cases of mass rapes for psychologists and
physicians to provide effective assistance to the victims of these crimes, but the
state's ability to provide psychological or economic support remains limited, and
the needs of these destitute women remain critical.
Laws:
The Center for Information and Documentation on the Rights of Children and
Women (CIDDEF), "There is indeed a law now on domestic violence.
The penal code recognizes "crime of passion," and Article 279 provides that a
person who kills or injures their spouse benefits from mitigating circumstances if
their spouse was caught in the act of adultery.
Even in the context of the current financial crisis, Algeria has maintained a good
level of investment in the health sector,” said the independent expert charged by
the UN Human Rights Council to monitor the implementation of the right to
health, at the end of his first official visit* to the country. The health sector in
Algeria has been developed with a focus on guaranteeing free access to health care.
issues such as violence and mental health, and the situation of certain sectors of the
population, including women, adolescents and youth, people living with
HIV/AIDS, drugs users, migrants and refugees, and people with disabilities are
adressed by the country and the protections are being made. programmes to fight
HIV/AIDS and ensure access to treatment for key populations, including men who
have sex with men, sex workers, people who use drugs, and migrants. egislation
deal with mental disorders, their implementation remains unsatisfactory and does
not meet the real needs of healthcare providers. Algeria does not have protection
orders or systems, which leaves women exposed to violence and threats
ofretaliation when they seek help. Algerian law focuses almost exclusively on the
criminalisation of genderbased violence. the mostcomprehensive legal support for
women victims of violence is provided by the Wassila/AVIFE NGO networkof
lawyers. However, much work remains to be done to better adapt the judicial
system and the policeresponse to crimes in which VAW is involved. There is also a
lack of data available on violence against womenand the accessible figures are
mainly from police services. Because many women do not even denounce
theviolence they face, this data is relatively underreported.In addition to legal and
immediate to long-term psychological support, survivors of sexual violence need to
be able to access emergency contraception in order to prevent pregnancy as a result
of rape, as well as sexual abuse. appropriate health care services and information
on potential sexually-transmitted diseases. However, the reality for survivors of
sexual violence.
GSL
The delegation of Algeria would like to take this opportunity to address the United
Nations Commission on the Status of Women (UNCSW) on behalf of our country.
We are committed to promoting gender equality and women's empowerment both
within our borders and globally.
Thank you.
LETS DO IT ……
Cultural Practices
Cultural Practices are now became another physcological and physical problems.
There has been many cultural practices behind which womens have always being
oppressed. There is now misintrepetation of the cultural practices in the name of
female genital mutilation, child marriage, marriage by abduction and virginity
testing. There is no cultural practices as such in Algeria. But Arab nationhas being
following these traditions with their own interpretations.
The foundations of Islamic Law are based on the Qur’an. In addition, the Sunnah
is used as a secondary source for further clarification and guidance. While Muslims
are free to choose the interpretations most convincing to them, it is inevitable that
these individual ijtihads are influenced by the patriarchal customs and beliefs of
their surroundings.
As many Islamic scholars point out, the Qur’an clearly instates the principle of
equality among all humans. In the Qur’an created humans from male and female,
and despite the empirical differences among humans (based on race, gender, etc.),
the Qur’an regards them as equals and only ranks humans based on their moral
choices and piety. God created men and women from the same soul, as guardians
of each other in a relationship of cooperation not domination. While family law
and personal status codes in Arab and Muslim countries restrict women’s rights
and freedoms (e.g., in choosing a husband, guardianship/ wali, obeying the
husband/ ta’ah, initiating divorce, dowry requirement, polygamy, marriage to non-
Muslims, etc.), alternative interpretations of the Qur’an dispute these claims of
male domination based on religious texts
Context matters
Muslims women tend to be religious, and would not react well to a western
feminist perspective that is imposed upon them, therefore secular approaches to
women’s rights are not likely to ‘liberate’ Muslim women because people of faith
will continue to want to follow their perception of the Divine Will. In addition,
many scholars argue that there is no universal model of gender quality (‘one size
fits all’), and the West should not keep a monopoly on the topographies of
modernity and truth.