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    C Structure and Function

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Narayan
    This document discusses passing struct variables to functions in C. It provides examples of passing a struct by value by declaring a struct variable in main and passing it to a display function. It also demonstrates returning a struct from a function. Finally, it shows an example of passing a struct by reference by passing the address of a struct variable to a function that modifies the struct.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    C Structure and Function

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Narayan
    68 views5 pages
    This document discusses passing struct variables to functions in C. It provides examples of passing a struct by value by declaring a struct variable in main and passing it to a display function. It also demonstrates returning a struct from a function. Finally, it shows an example of passing a struct by reference by passing the address of a struct variable to a function that modifies the struct.

    Original Title

    C STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document discusses passing struct variables to functions in C. It provides examples of passing a struct by value by declaring a struct variable in main and passing it to a display function. It also demonstrates returning a struct from a function. Finally, it shows an example of passing a struct by reference by passing the address of a struct variable to a function that modifies the struct.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    68 views5 pages

    C Structure and Function

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Narayan
    This document discusses passing struct variables to functions in C. It provides examples of passing a struct by value by declaring a struct variable in main and passing it to a display function. It also demonstrates returning a struct from a function. Finally, it shows an example of passing a struct by reference by passing the address of a struct variable to a function that modifies the struct.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 5

    C Structure and Function

    In this tutorial, you'll learn to pass struct variables as arguments to a


    function. You will learn to return struct from a function with the help of
    examples.

    Similar to variables of built-in types, you can also pass structure variables
    to a function.

    Passing structs to functions


    We recommended you to learn these tutorials before you learn how to pass
    structs to functions.

     C structures
     C functions
     User-defined Function
    Here's how you can pass structures to a function

    #include <stdio.h>
    struct student {
    char name[50];
    int age;
    };

    // function prototype
    void display(struct student s);

    int main() {
    struct student s1;

    printf("Enter name: ");

    // read string input from the user until \n is entered


    // \n is discarded
    scanf("%[^\n]%*c", s1.name);

    printf("Enter age: ");


    scanf("%d", &s1.age);

    display(s1); // passing struct as an argument

    return 0;
    }

    void display(struct student s) {


    printf("\nDisplaying information\n");
    printf("Name: %s", s.name);
    printf("\nAge: %d", s.age);
    }

    Output

    Enter name: Bond


    Enter age: 13

    Displaying information
    Name: Bond
    Age: 13

    Here, a struct variable s1 of type struct student is created. The variable is


    passed to the display() function using display(s1); statement.

    Return struct from a function


    Here's how you can return structure from a function:

    #include <stdio.h>
    struct student
    {
    char name[50];
    int age;
    };
    // function prototype
    struct student getInformation();

    int main()
    {
    struct student s;

    s = getInformation();

    printf("\nDisplaying information\n");
    printf("Name: %s", s.name);
    printf("\nRoll: %d", s.age);

    return 0;
    }
    struct student getInformation()
    {
    struct student s1;

    printf("Enter name: ");


    scanf ("%[^\n]%*c", s1.name);

    printf("Enter age: ");


    scanf("%d", &s1.age);

    return s1;
    }

    Here, the getInformation() function is called using s =

    getInformation(); statement. The function returns a structure of type struct

    student . The returned structure is displayed from the main() function.


    Notice that, the return type of getInformation() is also struct student .

    Passing struct by reference


    You can also pass structs by reference (in a similar way like you pass
    variables of built-in type by reference). We suggest you to read pass by
    reference tutorial before you proceed.
    During pass by reference, the memory addresses of struct variables
    are passed to the function.

    #include <stdio.h>
    typedef struct Complex
    {
    float real;
    float imag;
    } complex;

    void addNumbers(complex c1, complex c2, complex *result);

    int main()
    {
    complex c1, c2, result;

    printf("For first number,\n");


    printf("Enter real part: ");
    scanf("%f", &c1.real);
    printf("Enter imaginary part: ");
    scanf("%f", &c1.imag);

    printf("For second number, \n");


    printf("Enter real part: ");
    scanf("%f", &c2.real);
    printf("Enter imaginary part: ");
    scanf("%f", &c2.imag);

    addNumbers(c1, c2, &result);


    printf("\nresult.real = %.1f\n", result.real);
    printf("result.imag = %.1f", result.imag);

    return 0;
    }
    void addNumbers(complex c1, complex c2, complex *result)
    {
    result->real = c1.real + c2.real;
    result->imag = c1.imag + c2.imag;
    }

    Output

    For first number,


    Enter real part: 1.1
    Enter imaginary part: -2.4
    For second number,
    Enter real part: 3.4
    Enter imaginary part: -3.2

    result.real = 4.5
    result.imag = -5.6

    In the above program, three structure variables c1 , c2 and the address


    of result is passed to the addNumbers() function. Here, result is passed by
    reference.
    When the result variable inside the addNumbers() is altered,
    the result variable inside the main() function is also altered accordingly.

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