Module-1

1. Find the area of a circle.

#include <stdio.h>
#define PI 3.14159

int main()
{
float radius, area;

// Input the radius from the user

printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);

// Calculate the area

area = PI * radius * radius;

// Output the result

printf("The area of the circle is: %.2f\n", area);

return 0;
}

2. Enter the length and breadth of a rectangle and find the area.
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float length, breadth, area;

// Input the length and breadth from the user

printf("Enter the length of the rectangle: ");
scanf("%f", &length);

printf("Enter the breadth of the rectangle: ");

scanf("%f", &breadth);

// Calculate the area

area = length * breadth;

// Output the result

printf("The area of the rectangle is: %.2f\n", area);

return 0;
}
3. Find the average of 3 entered numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float num1, num2, num3, average;

// Input three numbers from the user

printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%f", &num1);

printf("Enter the second number: ");

scanf("%f", &num2);

printf("Enter the third number: ");

scanf("%f", &num3);

// Calculate the average

average = (num1 + num2 + num3) / 3;

// Output the result

printf("The average of the three numbers is: %.2f\n", average);

return 0;
}

4. Enter the CGPA obtained by a student and find the equivalent percentage of marks.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float cgpa, percentage;

// Input the CGPA from the user

printf("Enter the CGPA obtained by the student: ");
scanf("%f", &cgpa);

// Convert CGPA to percentage

percentage = cgpa * 9.5;

// Output the equivalent percentage

printf("The equivalent percentage of marks is: %.2f%%\n", percentage);

return 0;
}
5. Swap the values of two variables using a third variable.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int a, b, temp;

// Input the values of a and b

printf("Enter the value of a: ");
scanf("%d", &a);

printf("Enter the value of b: ");

scanf("%d", &b);

// Display the values before swapping

printf("\nBefore swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

// Swap the values using a temporary variable

temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;

// Display the values after swapping

printf("After swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;
}

6. Swap the values of two variables without using a third variable.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int a, b;

// Input the values of a and b

printf("Enter the value of a: ");
scanf("%d", &a);

printf("Enter the value of b: ");

scanf("%d", &b);

// Display the values before swapping

printf("\nBefore swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

// Swap the values without using a third variable

a = a + b; // Step 1: a becomes the sum of a and b
 b = a - b; // Step 2: b becomes the original value of a
a = a - b; // Step 3: a becomes the original value of b

// Display the values after swapping

printf("After swapping: a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);

return 0;
}

7. Find the sum of the individual digits of any entered three-digit positive number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int number, digit1, digit2, digit3, sum;

// Input a three-digit number from the user

printf("Enter a three-digit positive number: ");
scanf("%d", &number);

// Extract the digits

digit1 = number / 100; // First digit (hundreds place)
digit2 = (number / 10) % 10; // Second digit (tens place)
digit3 = number % 10; // Third digit (units place)

// Calculate the sum of the digits

sum = digit1 + digit2 + digit3;

// Output the result

printf("The sum of the digits is: %d\n", sum);

return 0;
}

8. Enter the principal, time, and rate of interest. Calculate the simple interest.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float principal, time, rate, simpleInterest;

// Input the principal, time (in years), and rate (in percentage) from the user
printf("Enter the principal amount: ");
scanf("%f", &principal);

printf("Enter the time (in years): ");

scanf("%f", &time);
 printf("Enter the rate of interest (in percentage): ");
scanf("%f", &rate);

// Calculate the simple interest using the formula: SI = (P * T * R) / 100

simpleInterest = (principal * time * rate) / 100;

// Output the simple interest

printf("The simple interest is: %.2f\n", simpleInterest);

return 0;
}

9. Convert any input temperature in Fahrenheit to Celsius.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float fahrenheit, celsius;

// Input temperature in Fahrenheit from the user

printf("Enter the temperature in Fahrenheit: ");
scanf("%f", &fahrenheit);

// Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius using the formula: C = (F - 32) * 5/9

celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9;

// Output the result

printf("The equivalent temperature in Celsius is: %.2f°C\n", celsius);

return 0;
}

10. Find the percentage of marks obtained by a student by entering the marks secured by the student
in 5 subjects. Consider the total mark in each subject is 100.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float subject1, subject2, subject3, subject4, subject5, totalMarks, percentage;

// Input marks for 5 subjects from the user

printf("Enter the marks obtained in subject 1: ");
scanf("%f", &subject1);

printf("Enter the marks obtained in subject 2: ");

scanf("%f", &subject2);
 printf("Enter the marks obtained in subject 3: ");
scanf("%f", &subject3);

printf("Enter the marks obtained in subject 4: ");

scanf("%f", &subject4);

printf("Enter the marks obtained in subject 5: ");

scanf("%f", &subject5);

// Calculate the total marks obtained

totalMarks = subject1 + subject2 + subject3 + subject4 + subject5;

// Calculate the percentage

percentage = (totalMarks / 500) * 100;

// Output the percentage

printf("The percentage of marks obtained is: %.2f%%\n", percentage);

return 0;
}

11. Calculate the gross salary of an employee by entering the basic salary. DA is 42%, HRA is 30%
of the basic salary and a fixed other allowance (OA) of Rs. 2000. (Gross salary=Basic+
DA+HRA+OA)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float basic_salary, DA, HRA, OA = 2000, gross_salary;

// Input basic salary

printf("Enter the basic salary: ");
scanf("%f", &basic_salary);

// Calculate DA, HRA, and Gross Salary

DA = 0.42 * basic_salary;
HRA = 0.30 * basic_salary;
gross_salary = basic_salary + DA + HRA + OA;

// Output the gross salary

printf("Gross Salary = %.2f\n", gross_salary);

return 0;
}
12. Convert an input total number of days into corresponding number of years, months and
remaining days. Consider 1 month=30 days.
(Example- Input days: 450 days; Output: 1 year, 2 months, 25 days)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int total_days, years, months, days;

// Input total number of days

printf("Enter total number of days: ");
scanf("%d", &total_days);

// Calculate years, months, and remaining days

years = total_days / 365; // 1 year = 365 days
months = (total_days % 365) / 30; // 1 month = 30 days
days = (total_days % 365) % 30; // Remaining days

// Output the result

printf("%d years, %d months, %d days\n", years, months, days);

return 0;
}

13. Input some quantity weight in grams and calculate the corresponding weight in Kilograms and
remaining grams (Example- Input weight: 1500 grams; Output: 1 KG 500 grams)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int total_grams, kilograms, grams;

// Input weight in grams

printf("Enter the weight in grams: ");
scanf("%d", &total_grams);

// Calculate kilograms and remaining grams

kilograms = total_grams / 1000; // 1 kilogram = 1000 grams
grams = total_grams % 1000; // Remaining grams

// Output the result

printf("%d KG %d grams\n", kilograms, grams);

return 0;
}
14. Input the time in seconds and calculate the corresponding hours, minutes, and remaining
seconds. (Exa: Input time in seconds: 3665; Output: 1 Hour 1 minute 5 seconds).

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int total_seconds, hours, minutes, seconds;

// Input time in seconds

printf("Enter time in seconds: ");
scanf("%d", &total_seconds);

// Calculate hours, minutes, and remaining seconds

hours = total_seconds / 3600; // 1 hour = 3600 seconds
minutes = (total_seconds % 3600) / 60; // 1 minute = 60 seconds
seconds = total_seconds % 60; // Remaining seconds

// Output the result

printf("%d Hour(s) %d minute(s) %d second(s)\n", hours, minutes, seconds);

return 0;
}

15. Calculate the distance between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) for any entered values of x1,y1
and x2, y2.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
float x1, y1, x2, y2, distance;

// Input the coordinates of the first point (x1, y1)

printf("Enter the coordinates of the first point (x1, y1): ");
scanf("%f %f", &x1, &y1);

// Input the coordinates of the second point (x2, y2)

printf("Enter the coordinates of the second point (x2, y2): ");
scanf("%f %f", &x2, &y2);

// Calculate the distance using the distance formula

distance = sqrt((x2 - x1) * (x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1) * (y2 - y1));

// Output the result

printf("The distance between the points (%.2f, %.2f) and (%.2f, %.2f) is %.2f\n", x1, y1, x2, y2,
distance);
 return 0;
}

16. Calculate area of a triangle by Herron’s method for any entered values of a, b and c.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
float a, b, c, s, area;

// Input the lengths of the sides of the triangle

printf("Enter the lengths of the sides of the triangle (a, b, c): ");
scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);

// Calculate the semi-perimeter (s)

s = (a + b + c) / 2;

// Calculate the area using Heron's formula

area = sqrt(s * (s - a) * (s - b) * (s - c));

// Output the area

printf("The area of the triangle is: %.2f\n", area);

return 0;
}

17. Print the size of various basic data types (char, int, float, double) in C.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
// Print the size of various data types
printf("Size of char: %lu byte(s)\n", sizeof(char));
printf("Size of int: %lu byte(s)\n", sizeof(int));
printf("Size of float: %lu byte(s)\n", sizeof(float));
printf("Size of double: %lu byte(s)\n", sizeof(double));

return 0;
}
18. Calculate the total bill to be paid by a customer entering the price of 3 products and their
quantities. Include a 10% tax on total bill amount for calculation of the amount to be paid by the
customer.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float price1, price2, price3;
int qty1, qty2, qty3;
float total, tax, final_amount;

// Input price and quantity for product 1

printf("Enter the price and quantity of product 1: ");
scanf("%f %d", &price1, &qty1);

// Input price and quantity for product 2

printf("Enter the price and quantity of product 2: ");
scanf("%f %d", &price2, &qty2);

// Input price and quantity for product 3

printf("Enter the price and quantity of product 3: ");
scanf("%f %d", &price3, &qty3);

// Calculate total price

total = (price1 * qty1) + (price2 * qty2) + (price3 * qty3);

// Calculate 10% tax on the total bill

tax = total * 0.10;

// Calculate the final amount to be paid (total + tax)

final_amount = total + tax;

// Output the total bill and final amount

printf("Total bill (before tax): %.2f\n", total);
printf("Tax (10%%): %.2f\n", tax);
printf("Final amount to be paid: %.2f\n", final_amount);

return 0;
}
19. Find the smallest number among three entered numbers using conditional operator.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3, smallest;

// Input three numbers

printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &num1, &num2, &num3);

// Using conditional operator to find the smallest number

smallest = (num1 < num2) ? (num1 < num3 ? num1 : num3) : (num2 < num3 ? num2 : num3);

// Output the smallest number

printf("The smallest number is: %d\n", smallest);

return 0;
}

20. Enter the total price of some food order by a customer in a restaurant. The restaurant charges a
12% GST on total amount. If the total amount exceeds RS 1000, the restaurant offers a 5%
discount. Otherwise no discount is provided. Use conditional operator for discount calculation.
Print the final amount payable by the customer.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float total_price, gst, discount, final_amount;

// Input the total price of the food order

printf("Enter the total price of the food order: ");
scanf("%f", &total_price);

// Calculate 12% GST on the total price

gst = total_price * 0.12;

// Calculate discount using conditional operator

discount = (total_price > 1000) ? (total_price * 0.05) : 0;

// Calculate the final amount to be paid (total price + GST - discount)

final_amount = total_price + gst - discount;

// Output the final amount to be paid

printf("Final amount payable by the customer: %.2f\n", final_amount);

return 0;
}
 Module-2
1. Find greatest among two entered numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num1, num2;

// Input two numbers

printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

// Conditional statement to find the greatest number

if (num1 > num2)
{
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num1);
} else
{
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num2);
}

return 0;
}

2. Check whether an entered number is even or odd.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;

// Input a number
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Conditional statement to check if the number is even or odd

if (num % 2 == 0)
{
printf("The number %d is even.\n", num);
} else
{
printf("The number %d is odd.\n", num);
}
return 0;
}
3. Check whether an entered character is a vowel or not.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
char ch;

// Input a character
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c", &ch);

// Conditional statement to check if the character is a vowel

if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'A' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'u' ||
ch == 'U')
{
printf("The character %c is a vowel.\n", ch);
} else {
printf("The character %c is not a vowel.\n", ch);
}

return 0;
}

4. Check whether an entered number is divisible by 3 and 5.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num;

// Input a number
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Conditional statement to check divisibility by 3 and 5

if (num % 3 == 0 && num % 5 == 0) {
printf("The number %d is divisible by both 3 and 5.\n", num);
} else {
printf("The number %d is not divisible by both 3 and 5.\n", num);
}

return 0;
}
5. Check whether an entered year is a leap year or not.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int year;

// Input a year
printf("Enter a year: ");
scanf("%d", &year);

// Conditional statement to check leap year

if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0))
{
printf("The year %d is a leap year.\n", year);
}
else
{
printf("The year %d is not a leap year.\n", year);
}

return 0;
}

6. Check whether any entered number is positive, negative or zero using nested if-else statement

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num;

// Input a number
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Nested if-else statement to check if the number is positive, negative, or zero

if (num > 0)
{
printf("The number %d is positive.\n", num);
}
else
{
if (num < 0)
{
printf("The number %d is negative.\n", num);
}
else
 {
printf("The number is zero.\n");
}
}

return 0;
}

7. Check whether two entered numbers are equal or the first number is greater than the second
number or the second number is greater than the first number using nested if-else statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num1, num2;

// Input two numbers

printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &num1);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &num2);

// Using nested if-else statements to compare the numbers

if (num1 == num2) {
printf("Both numbers are equal.\n");
} else {
if (num1 > num2) {
printf("The first number is greater than the second number.\n");
} else {
printf("The second number is greater than the first number.\n");
}
}

return 0;
}

8. Find greatest among 3 entered numbers using nested if-else statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3;

// Input three numbers

printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &num1);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
 scanf("%d", &num2);
printf("Enter the third number: ");
scanf("%d", &num3);

// Using nested if-else statements to find the greatest number

if (num1 >= num2) {
if (num1 >= num3) {
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num1);
} else {
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num3);
}
} else {
if (num2 >= num3) {
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num2);
} else {
printf("The greatest number is: %d\n", num3);
}
}

return 0;
}

9. Find smallest among three entered numbers using else if ladder. Use logical AND operator to
combine multiple conditions.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3;

// Input three numbers

printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &num1);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &num2);
printf("Enter the third number: ");
scanf("%d", &num3);

// Using else if ladder with logical AND to find the smallest number
if (num1 <= num2 && num1 <= num3) {
printf("The smallest number is: %d\n", num1);
} else if (num2 <= num1 && num2 <= num3) {
printf("The smallest number is: %d\n", num2);
} else {
printf("The smallest number is: %d\n", num3);
}

return 0;
 }

10. Enter mark obtained by a student in a subject and print the respective grade using else-if ladder
statement. Consider the following grading system:
Score out of 100 Marks Grade
90 & above up to 100 O
80 & above but less than 90 E 70 & above but less than 80 A
60 & above but less than 70 B
50 & above but less than 60 C
40 & above but less than 50 D
Less than 40 or Absent in Exam U

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int marks;

// Input the marks obtained by the student

printf("Enter the marks obtained (out of 100): ");
scanf("%d", &marks);

// Using else-if ladder to assign grades based on the marks

if (marks >= 90 && marks <= 100) {
printf("Grade: O (Outstanding)\n");
} else if (marks >= 80 && marks < 90) {
printf("Grade: E (Excellent)\n");
} else if (marks >= 70 && marks < 80) {
printf("Grade: A (Very Good)\n");
} else if (marks >= 60 && marks < 70) {
printf("Grade: B (Good)\n");
} else if (marks >= 50 && marks < 60) {
printf("Grade: C (Average)\n");
} else if (marks >= 40 && marks < 50) {
printf("Grade: D (Pass)\n");
} else if (marks < 40 || marks == -1) {
printf("Grade: U (Unsatisfactory or Absent)\n");
} else {
printf("Invalid marks entered!\n");
}

return 0;
}
11. Enter the cost price and selling price of a product and check profit or loss. Also, print the
percentage of loss or profit for the product.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float costPrice, sellingPrice, profit, loss, percentage;

// Input cost price and selling price

printf("Enter the cost price of the product: ");
scanf("%f", &costPrice);
printf("Enter the selling price of the product: ");
scanf("%f", &sellingPrice);

// Check if there is profit or loss

if (sellingPrice > costPrice) {
// Profit case
profit = sellingPrice - costPrice;
percentage = (profit / costPrice) * 100;
printf("You made a profit of %.2f\n", profit);
printf("Profit percentage: %.2f%%\n", percentage);
} else if (sellingPrice < costPrice) {
// Loss case
loss = costPrice - sellingPrice;
percentage = (loss / costPrice) * 100;
printf("You incurred a loss of %.2f\n", loss);
printf("Loss percentage: %.2f%%\n", percentage);
} else {
// No profit, no loss
printf("There is no profit or loss. The cost price and selling price are the same.\n");
}

return 0;
}

12. Compute the real roots of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c=0 (given a, b and c) for the following
conditions:

i) No solution, if both a and b are zero.

ii) Only one root if determinant (b2 - 4ac)=0
iii) No real roots if b2 - 4ac < 0
iv) Otherwise there are 2 real roots

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h> // for sqrt() function

int main()
{
 float a, b, c, discriminant, root1, root2;

// Input values for a, b, and c

printf("Enter the coefficient a: ");
scanf("%f", &a);
printf("Enter the coefficient b: ");
scanf("%f", &b);
printf("Enter the constant c: ");
scanf("%f", &c);

// Case i: No solution if both a and b are zero

if (a == 0 && b == 0) {
printf("No solution, both a and b are zero.\n");
}
// Case ii: Only one root if discriminant is zero
else if (a == 0 && b != 0) {
// Linear equation, only one root
root1 = -c / b;
printf("This is a linear equation. The root is: %.2f\n", root1);
}
else {
// Calculate the discriminant (b^2 - 4ac)
discriminant = (b * b) - (4 * a * c);

// Case iii: No real roots if discriminant < 0

if (discriminant < 0) {
printf("No real roots, discriminant is negative.\n");
}
// Case ii: Only one root if discriminant == 0
else if (discriminant == 0) {
root1 = -b / (2 * a);
printf("There is only one real root: %.2f\n", root1);
}
// Case iv: Two real roots if discriminant > 0
else {
root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
printf("There are two real roots: %.2f and %.2f\n", root1, root2);
}
}

return 0;
}
13. Calculate the income tax payable by a person by entering the total taxable income as per the
below slabs:

Taxable Income range (in RS) Tax%

0 – 3,00000 0
3,00001 – 7,00000 5
7,00001- 10,00000 10
10,00001- 12,00000 15
12,00001 – 15,00000 20
Greater than 15,00000 30

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float income, tax = 0;

// Input the total taxable income

printf("Enter your total taxable income (in Rs): ");
scanf("%f", &income);

// Calculate the income tax based on the income slab

if (income <= 300000) {
tax = 0; // No tax for income up to Rs. 3,00,000
}
else if (income <= 700000) {
tax = (income - 300000) * 0.05; // 5% tax for income between Rs. 3,00,001 to Rs. 7,00,000
}
else if (income <= 1000000) {
tax = (700000 - 300000) * 0.05 + (income - 700000) * 0.10; // 10% for income between Rs.
7,00,001 to Rs. 10,00,000
}
else if (income <= 1200000) {
tax = (700000 - 300000) * 0.05 + (1000000 - 700000) * 0.10 + (income - 1000000) * 0.15; //
15% for income between Rs. 10,00,001 to Rs. 12,00,000
}
else if (income <= 1500000) {
tax = (700000 - 300000) * 0.05 + (1000000 - 700000) * 0.10 + (1200000 - 1000000) * 0.15 +
(income - 1200000) * 0.20; // 20% for income between Rs. 12,00,001 to Rs. 15,00,000
}
else {
tax = (700000 - 300000) * 0.05 + (1000000 - 700000) * 0.10 + (1200000 - 1000000) * 0.15 +
(1500000 - 1200000) * 0.20 + (income - 1500000) * 0.30; // 30% for income above Rs. 15,00,000
}

// Output the total tax

printf("The total income tax payable is: Rs. %.2f\n", tax);

return 0;
 }

14. Calculate the age of a person, given date of birth (DOB) and current date (CD). A date is
represented as three integers (say dd, mm, and yyyy). The result to be printed as YY years, MM
months, DD days. Consider a month consist of 30 days.

Example: Input DOB: 29/10/1980, CD: 27/8/2011

Output: Age: 30 years 9 Months and 28 days

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int dob_day, dob_month, dob_year;
int cd_day, cd_month, cd_year;
int years, months, days;

// Input Date of Birth (DOB)

printf("Enter your Date of Birth (dd mm yyyy): ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &dob_day, &dob_month, &dob_year);

// Input Current Date (CD)

printf("Enter the Current Date (dd mm yyyy): ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &cd_day, &cd_month, &cd_year);

// Calculate days
if (cd_day < dob_day) {
cd_day += 30; // Borrow 30 days from the previous month
cd_month--; // Decrease the current month by 1
}
days = cd_day - dob_day;

// Calculate months
if (cd_month < dob_month) {
cd_month += 12; // Borrow 12 months from the previous year
cd_year--; // Decrease the current year by 1
}
months = cd_month - dob_month;

// Calculate years
years = cd_year - dob_year;

// Output the result

printf("Age: %d years, %d months, and %d days\n", years, months, days);

return 0;
}
15. Enter the total purchase amount for a customer and calculate the amount payable by the
customer after discount, if a shopping mall announced the following discounts on total purchase
amount:

Purchase amount (RS) Discount

< 1000 -
1000-3000 5%
3001-6000 7%
6001-10000 10%
Above 10000 Rs 2000

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
float purchaseAmount, discount = 0, amountPayable;

// Input the total purchase amount

printf("Enter the total purchase amount (in Rs): ");
scanf("%f", &purchaseAmount);

// Calculate the discount based on the purchase amount

if (purchaseAmount >= 1000 && purchaseAmount <= 3000) {
discount = purchaseAmount * 0.05; // 5% discount for amount between 1000 and 3000
}
else if (purchaseAmount >= 3001 && purchaseAmount <= 6000) {
discount = purchaseAmount * 0.07; // 7% discount for amount between 3001 and 6000
}
else if (purchaseAmount >= 6001 && purchaseAmount <= 10000) {
discount = purchaseAmount * 0.10; // 10% discount for amount between 6001 and 10000
}
else if (purchaseAmount > 10000) {
discount = 2000; // Flat Rs. 2000 discount for amount above 10000
}

// Calculate the final amount payable after discount

amountPayable = purchaseAmount - discount;

// Output the discount and the amount payable

printf("Discount: Rs. %.2f\n", discount);
printf("Amount payable: Rs. %.2f\n", amountPayable);

return 0;
}
16. Enter the previous month and current month meter reading. Calculate the electric bill amount
for any customer as per the following rules:

First 100 units : Rs 3.20 per unit.

Next 200 units : Rs 5.40 per unit.
Remaining units : Rs 6 per unit

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int prevReading, currReading, unitsConsumed;
float billAmount = 0;

// Input previous and current month meter readings

printf("Enter the previous month's meter reading: ");
scanf("%d", &prevReading);
printf("Enter the current month's meter reading: ");
scanf("%d", &currReading);

// Calculate units consumed

unitsConsumed = currReading - prevReading;

// Check if units consumed is valid

if (unitsConsumed < 0) {
printf("Invalid meter readings. Current reading cannot be less than the previous reading.\n");
return 1;
}

// Calculate the bill amount based on the number of units consumed

if (unitsConsumed <= 100) {
billAmount = unitsConsumed * 3.20; // First 100 units at Rs 3.20 per unit
}
else if (unitsConsumed <= 300) {
billAmount = 100 * 3.20 + (unitsConsumed - 100) * 5.40; // Next 200 units at Rs 5.40 per unit
}
else {
billAmount = 100 * 3.20 + 200 * 5.40 + (unitsConsumed - 300) * 6.00; // Remaining units at Rs
6 per unit
}

// Output the total bill amount

printf("Total units consumed: %d\n", unitsConsumed);
printf("Electric bill amount: Rs %.2f\n", billAmount);

return 0;
}
17. Given a number between 1 to 7, print the day name (Monday- Sunday) using switch-case
statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int day;

// Input the number representing the day of the week

printf("Enter a number between 1 and 7: ");
scanf("%d", &day);

// Use switch-case to print the day name

switch(day) {
case 1:
printf("Monday\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("Tuesday\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("Wednesday\n");
break;
case 4:
printf("Thursday\n");
break;
case 5:
printf("Friday\n");
break;
case 6:
printf("Saturday\n");
break;
case 7:
printf("Sunday\n");
break;
default:
printf("Invalid input! Please enter a number between 1 and 7.\n");
break;
}

return 0;
}
18. Given a number 0-9, print the corresponding English word for the number using switch-case
statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int number;

// Input the number between 0 and 9

printf("Enter a number between 0 and 9: ");
scanf("%d", &number);

// Use switch-case to print the corresponding English word

switch(number) {
case 0:
printf("Zero\n");
break;
case 1:
printf("One\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("Two\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("Three\n");
break;
case 4:
printf("Four\n");
break;
case 5:
printf("Five\n");
break;
case 6:
printf("Six\n");
break;
case 7:
printf("Seven\n");
break;
case 8:
printf("Eight\n");
break;
case 9:
printf("Nine\n");
break;
default:
printf("Invalid input! Please enter a number between 0 and 9.\n");
break;
}
 return 0;
}

19. Check whether an entered character is a vowel or not using switch-case statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
char ch;

// Input a character
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c", &ch);

// Convert character to lowercase to handle both uppercase and lowercase vowels

ch = (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') ? ch + 32 : ch;

// Use switch-case to check if the character is a vowel

switch(ch) {
case 'a':
case 'e':
case 'i':
case 'o':
case 'u':
printf("The character '%c' is a vowel.\n", ch);
break;
default:
printf("The character '%c' is not a vowel.\n", ch);
break;
}

return 0;
}

20. Create a menu-driven program using switch–case statement that will ask the user to enter two
numbers and an operator (+, -, *, /). When the user enters a valid choice, the program prints the
result of the respective operation as per the entered choice, otherwise prints an error message.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
float num1, num2, result;
char operator;

// Display menu
printf("Enter two numbers and an operator (+, -, *, /):\n");
printf("Available operations:\n");
 printf("1. Addition (+)\n");
printf("2. Subtraction (-)\n");
printf("3. Multiplication (*)\n");
printf("4. Division (/)\n");

// Input two numbers and an operator

printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%f", &num1);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%f", &num2);
printf("Enter the operator (+, -, *, /): ");
scanf(" %c", &operator); // Space before %c to consume any leftover newline character

// Perform the operation based on the entered operator

switch(operator) {
case '+':
result = num1 + num2;
printf("Result: %.2f\n", result);
break;
case '-':
result = num1 - num2;
printf("Result: %.2f\n", result);
break;
case '*':
result = num1 * num2;
printf("Result: %.2f\n", result);
break;
case '/':
if (num2 != 0) {
result = num1 / num2;
printf("Result: %.2f\n", result);
} else {
printf("Error! Division by zero is not allowed.\n");
}
break;
default:
printf("Invalid operator! Please enter one of +, -, *, or /.\n");
break;
}

return 0;
}
 Loops:
21. Print first n natural numbers using while loop.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int n, i = 1;

// Input the value of n

printf("Enter a number n: ");
scanf("%d", &n);

// Print first n natural numbers using while loop

printf("The first %d natural numbers are:\n", n);
while (i <= n) {
printf("%d ", i);
i++;
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

22. Print the multiplication table of any entered number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, i;

// Input the number for which the multiplication table is to be printed

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Print the multiplication table of the entered number

printf("Multiplication table of %d is:\n", num);
for(i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
}

return 0;
}
23. Find sum of digits of an entered number using while loop.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, sum = 0, digit;

// Input the number

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Use a while loop to find the sum of digits

while (num != 0) {
digit = num % 10; // Extract the last digit
sum += digit; // Add the digit to the sum
num /= 10; // Remove the last digit
}

// Print the sum of the digits

printf("The sum of digits is: %d\n", sum);

return 0;
}

24. Find Fibonacci series up to an entered number using do-while loop.

Test data: Entered number=90

Output series: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int n, first = 0, second = 1, next;

// Input the number

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);

// Print the Fibonacci series up to the entered number

printf("Fibonacci series up to %d is:\n", n);

// Start with 0 and 1, and generate the next number in the series
printf("%d %d ", first, second);
next = first + second;

// Use a do-while loop to print the Fibonacci series

do {
 printf("%d ", next);
first = second;
second = next;
next = first + second;
} while (next <= n);

printf("\n");

return 0;
}

25. Find the sum of all user entered numbers until the sum exceeds 100 using do while loop.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, sum = 0;

// Do-while loop to keep entering numbers until the sum exceeds 100
do {
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

sum += num; // Add the entered number to the sum

printf("Current sum: %d\n", sum);
} while (sum <= 100); // Continue until the sum exceeds 100

printf("The final sum is: %d\n", sum);

return 0;
}

26. Find the factorial of any user entered number using for loop.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, i;
long long factorial = 1;

// Input the number

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Check for negative numbers

if (num < 0) {
printf("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.\n");
 } else {
// Use a for loop to calculate the factorial
for(i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
factorial *= i; // Multiply the current factorial value by i
}

// Print the factorial

printf("Factorial of %d is: %lld\n", num, factorial);
}

return 0;
}

27. Find the GCD of two entered numbers.

#include <stdio.h>

int gcd(int a, int b)

{
// Euclidean algorithm to find GCD
while (b != 0) {
int temp = b;
b = a % b;
a = temp;
}
return a;
}

int main() {
int num1, num2;

// Input the two numbers

printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

// Call the gcd function

printf("The GCD of %d and %d is: %d\n", num1, num2, gcd(num1, num2));

return 0;
}

28. Print all odd numbers in a given range.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int start, end;
 // Input the range (start and end values)
printf("Enter the start of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &start);
printf("Enter the end of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &end);

// Print all odd numbers in the given range

printf("Odd numbers between %d and %d are:\n", start, end);
for(int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
if (i % 2 != 0) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

29. Find sum of all even numbers in a given range.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int start, end, sum = 0;

// Input the range (start and end values)

printf("Enter the start of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &start);
printf("Enter the end of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &end);

// Calculate the sum of all even numbers in the given range

for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
if (i % 2 == 0) { // Check if the number is even
sum += i; // Add the even number to the sum
}
}

// Print the sum of even numbers

printf("Sum of even numbers between %d and %d is: %d\n", start, end, sum);

return 0;
}
30. Check whether an entered number is a prime or composite number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, i, isPrime = 1;

// Input the number from the user

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Edge case: numbers less than 2 are not prime

if (num <= 1)
{
isPrime = 0;
}

// Check for divisibility from 2 to num/2

for (i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0)
{
isPrime = 0; // If divisible by any number, it's not prime
break; // Exit the loop early
}
}

// Output the result

if (isPrime == 1)
{
printf("%d is a prime number.\n", num);
}
else
{
printf("%d is a composite number.\n", num);
}

return 0;
}

31. Check whether an entered number is a palindrome number or not.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num, originalNum, reversedNum = 0, remainder;
 // Input the number
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Store the original number to compare later

originalNum = num;

// Reverse the number

while (num != 0) {
remainder = num % 10; // Get the last digit
reversedNum = reversedNum * 10 + remainder; // Build the reversed number
num /= 10; // Remove the last digit from num
}

// Check if the number is a palindrome

if (originalNum == reversedNum) {
printf("%d is a palindrome number.\n", originalNum);
} else {
printf("%d is not a palindrome number.\n", originalNum);
}

return 0;
}

32. Check whether an entered number is an Armstrong number or not.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
int num, originalNum, remainder, result = 0, n = 0;

// Input the number

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Store the original number

originalNum = num;

// Find the number of digits in the original number

while (originalNum != 0) {
originalNum /= 10;
n++;
}

originalNum = num;

// Calculate the sum of each digit raised to the power of n

 while (originalNum != 0) {
remainder = originalNum % 10;
result += pow(remainder, n);
originalNum /= 10;
}

// Check if the sum is equal to the original number

if (result == num) {
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.\n", num);
} else {
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.\n", num);
}

return 0;
}

33. Print all natural numbers in descending order up to 1 from an entered number except the
numbers divisible by 7 (use continue statement)

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num;

// Input the number

printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Print natural numbers in descending order except those divisible by 7

printf("Natural numbers in descending order (except multiples of 7) are:\n");
for (int i = num; i >= 1; i--) {
if (i % 7 == 0) {
continue; // Skip the numbers divisible by 7
}
printf("%d ", i);
}

printf("\n");

return 0;
}
34. Display the binary equivalent of an entered decimal number.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int num;

// Input the decimal number

printf("Enter a decimal number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// Check if the number is zero

if (num == 0) {
printf("Binary equivalent: 0\n");
} else {
// Print binary equivalent of the decimal number
printf("Binary equivalent: ");
int binary[32]; // Array to store the binary number
int i = 0;

// Convert decimal to binary

while (num > 0) {
binary[i] = num % 2; // Store the remainder (either 0 or 1)
num = num / 2; // Divide number by 2
i++;
}

// Print binary digits in reverse order

for (int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
printf("%d", binary[j]);
}
printf("\n");
}

return 0;
}

35. Display the decimal equivalent of an entered binary number.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
long long binary;
 int decimal = 0, remainder, i = 0;

// Input the binary number

printf("Enter a binary number: ");
scanf("%lld", &binary);

// Convert binary to decimal

while (binary != 0) {
remainder = binary % 10; // Get the last digit (either 0 or 1)
decimal += remainder * pow(2, i); // Add the corresponding power of 2
binary /= 10; // Remove the last digit from binary number
i++; // Move to the next power of 2
}

// Print the decimal equivalent

printf("Decimal equivalent: %d\n", decimal);

return 0;
}
36. Print the following pattern:

12345
1234
123
12
1

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j;

// Outer loop for number of rows (5 rows)

for (i = 5; i >= 1; i--) {
 // Inner loop for printing numbers in each row
for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
printf("%d ", j);
}
printf("\n"); // Move to the next line after each row
}

return 0;
}

37. Print the following pattern:

A
AB
ABC
ABC D
ABC DE
ABC DE F

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j;

// Outer loop for the number of rows (6 rows)

for (i = 1; i <= 6; i++) {
// Inner loop for printing characters in each row
for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
// Print the character corresponding to 'A' + (j - 1)
printf("%c ", 'A' + j - 1);
}
printf("\n"); // Move to the next line after each row
}
 return 0;
}

38. Print the following pattern:

1
123
12345
1234567

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j;

// Outer loop for the number of rows (4 rows)

for (i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
// Inner loop for printing numbers in each row
for (j = 1; j <= (2 * i - 1); j++) {
printf("%d ", j);
}
printf("\n"); // Move to the next line after each row
}

return 0;
}
39. Print the following pattern:

1
00
111
0000
11111

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j;

// Outer loop for number of rows (5 rows)

for (i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
// Inner loop for printing numbers in each row
for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
// Print 1 if the row number is odd, otherwise print 0
if (i % 2 != 0) {
printf("1 ");
} else {
printf("0 ");
}
}
printf("\n"); // Move to the next line after each row
}

return 0;
}
40. Print the following pattern:

1
121
12321

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n = 3; // Number of rows (you can change this if you want more lines)

// Loop for each row

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
// Print leading spaces for each row
for (int j = 1; j <= n - i; j++)
{
printf(" "); // Print space
}

// Print increasing numbers

for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++)
{
printf("%d ", j); // Print numbers in increasing order
}

// Print decreasing numbers

for (int j = i - 1; j >= 1; j--)
{
printf("%d ", j); // Print numbers in decreasing order
}

printf("\n"); // Move to the next line after each row

}

return 0;
}

41. Print the following pattern:

*****
***
*
42. Print all prime numbers in a given range.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int start, end;

// Input the range from the user

printf("Enter the start of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &start);
printf("Enter the end of the range: ");
scanf("%d", &end);

printf("Prime numbers between %d and %d are:\n", start, end);

// Loop through the range and check for prime numbers

for (int num = start; num <= end; num++)
{
int isPrime = 1; // Assume the number is prime

if (num <= 1)
{
continue; // Skip numbers less than or equal to 1
}

// Check if num is divisible by any number from 2 to num/2

for (int i = 2; i <= num/2; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0)
{
isPrime = 0; // num is not prime
break; // No need to check further
}
}

// If the number is prime, print it

if (isPrime)
{
printf("%d ", num);
}
}

printf("\n");
return 0;
}
43. Print all palindrome numbers in a given range.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int lower, upper, i, num, reversed, remainder;

// Input the range

printf("Enter the lower limit: ");
scanf("%d", &lower);
printf("Enter the upper limit: ");
scanf("%d", &upper);

printf("Palindrome numbers in the range %d to %d are:\n", lower, upper);

// Loop through the range

for (i = lower; i <= upper; i++) {
num = i;
reversed = 0;

// Reverse the number

while (num != 0) {
remainder = num % 10;
reversed = reversed * 10 + remainder;
num /= 10;
}

// Check if the number is a palindrome

if (i == reversed) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
}

printf("\n");

return 0;
}

44. Print all Armstrong numbers in a given range.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
int lower, upper, i, num, remainder, digits, sum;

// Input the range

 printf("Enter the lower limit: ");
scanf("%d", &lower);
printf("Enter the upper limit: ");
scanf("%d", &upper);

printf("Armstrong numbers in the range %d to %d are:\n", lower, upper);

// Loop through the range

for (i = lower; i <= upper; i++) {
num = i;
sum = 0;

// Find the number of digits in the number

digits = (int)log10(num) + 1;

// Calculate the sum of the power of digits

while (num != 0) {
remainder = num % 10;
sum += pow(remainder, digits);
num /= 10;
}

// Check if the number is an Armstrong number

if (i == sum) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
}

printf("\n");

return 0;
}

45. Print all numbers in a range that are divisible by 5 and 7

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int lower, upper, i;

// Input the range

printf("Enter the lower limit: ");
scanf("%d", &lower);
printf("Enter the upper limit: ");
scanf("%d", &upper);

printf("Numbers divisible by 5 and 7 in the range %d to %d are:\n", lower, upper);

 // Loop through the range
for (i = lower; i <= upper; i++) {
// Check if the number is divisible by both 5 and 7
if (i % 5 == 0 && i % 7 == 0) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
}

printf("\n");

return 0;
}