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    Liquid

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    Muhammad Chawla
    Liquid-liquid extraction is a method used to separate compounds based on their solubility in two immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It involves extracting a substance from one liquid phase into another. This technique is commonly used in chemical laboratories using a separatory funnel, and is often performed after a chemical reaction. Solvent extraction is used across many industries to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds or complex matrices. It can also be used in non-aqueous systems, such as extracting metals between a molten metal and molten salts.

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    Liquid

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Chawla
    12 views1 page
    Liquid-liquid extraction is a method used to separate compounds based on their solubility in two immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It involves extracting a substance from one liquid phase into another. This technique is commonly used in chemical laboratories using a separatory funnel, and is often performed after a chemical reaction. Solvent extraction is used across many industries to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds or complex matrices. It can also be used in non-aqueous systems, such as extracting metals between a molten metal and molten salts.

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    Liquid-liquid extraction is a method used to separate compounds based on their solubility in two immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It involves extracting a substance from one liquid phase into another. This technique is commonly used in chemical laboratories using a separatory funnel, and is often performed after a chemical reaction. Solvent extraction is used across many industries to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds or complex matrices. It can also be used in non-aqueous systems, such as extracting metals between a molten metal and molten salts.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    12 views1 page

    Liquid

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Chawla
    Liquid-liquid extraction is a method used to separate compounds based on their solubility in two immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It involves extracting a substance from one liquid phase into another. This technique is commonly used in chemical laboratories using a separatory funnel, and is often performed after a chemical reaction. Solvent extraction is used across many industries to separate soluble compounds from insoluble compounds or complex matrices. It can also be used in non-aqueous systems, such as extracting metals between a molten metal and molten salts.

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    Liquidliquid extraction, also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubilities

    in two different immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid phase into another liquid phase. Liquidliquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a separatory funnel. This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up. The term partitioning is commonly used to refer to the underlying chemical and physical processes involved in liquidliquid extraction but may be fully synonymous. The term solvent extraction can also refer to the separation of a substance from a mixture by preferentially dissolving that substance in a suitable solvent. In that case, a soluble compound is separated from an insoluble compound or a complex matrix. Solvent extraction is used in nuclear reprocessing, ore processing, the production of fine organic compounds, the processing of perfumes, the production of vegetable oils and biodiesel, and other industries. Liquidliquid extraction is possible in non-aqueous systems: In a system consisting of a molten metal in contact with molten salts, metals can be extracted from one phase to the other. This is related to a mercury electrode where a metal can be reduced, the metal will often then dissolve in the mercury to form an amalgam that modifies its electrochemistry greatly. For example, it is possible for sodium cations to be reduced at a mercury cathode to form sodium amalgam, while at an inert electrode (such as platinum) the sodium cations are not reduced. Instead, water is reduced to hydrogen. A detergent or fine solid can be used to stabilize an emulsion, or third phase.

    EXPLANATION
    Liquids that form two layers when mixed provide an opportunity for purification of materials that prefer one layer more than the other. For example, many organic chemicals are liquids that are very non-polar and separate from water because it is quite polar. Benzene mixed with water, shaken, and allowed to stand will result in a layer of benzene on top of a layer of water. If the water originally contained some non-polar material such as butanol, shaking with benzene would result in a benzene layer rich in butanol. At equilibrium, the activities of the dissolved material must be the same in each phase. We can approximate activity with concentration to get the definition of distribution coefficient :

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