UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2015

CALGARY’S AGING POPULATION

AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHANGING AND AGING POPULATION IN CALGARY

Calgary’s population is growing and changing rapidly.

Of all the major cities in Canada, Calgary has the The year the
youngest population1. However, as is the case in much first baby
of the western world, Calgary is experiencing the boomers
overall aging of its population. As a city, we are living turned 65
longer and having fewer children and this is influencing
the demographic makeup of the population. Adding pressure is the aging of the baby boomer
generation, those born between 1946 and 1965, the oldest of whom began entering their senior
years in 2011. Certain opportunities and challenges accompany this demographic shift.

A City Coming of Age

In 2011, the median age in Calgary
Calgary is currently on the edge of a rising tide of was 36.4 years old.
seniors. The increasingly diverse nature of older adults
In comparison, the median age
will impact our communities and challenge the way
many services are delivered in our city. The aging for Canada was 40.6 years old2.
population will impact the labour force, financial
system, housing sector, health services and supports, community-based supports,
transportation, and the ways that business, charities, and governments interact with society 3.
In 2014, there are approximately 120,000 Calgarians aged 65 years and older, accounting for
10% of the population. It is expected that this number will almost double to 225,000 in 20
years. By 2042, the number of seniors will grow to more than 280,000, at which point they will
comprise 15% of Calgary’s total population. There will be similar dramatic increases in the
number of Calgarians aged 75 and older4.

Current5 and Projected4 Numbers of Older Adults in Calgary

2014 2024 2034 2042

Aged 65+ 120,216 166,000 226,000 287,000

Aged 75+ 49,512 65,000 96,000 124,000

Increasing Momentum
Although significant growth is expected in Calgary across all
age groups due to birth and migration, the greatest increase
will be among the population aged 65 and older4.
 Between the years 2014 and 2042, the growth rate of
the 65 plus age group is double the rate for the total
population and triple the rate for children aged 0-14
years old.
 Based on this trend, there will be a dramatic shift in the age profile for Calgary. The
percentage of the population under the age of 45 will decrease and there will be large
increases in the percentage of Calgarians aged 55 years and older.

Percentage Change in Population by Age Cohort, 2014-2042

160%

140%

120%
150%
100% 139%
129%
80%
91%
60%

40%
57%
20% 38% 42%
23%
0%
0-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 75+ 85+ Total
population

Calgary Age Profile, 2014 & 2042

90+
85-89 2042
80-84
75-79 2014
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

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 Changing Times
The next generation of seniors will be a more diverse cohort of older adults than any other
previous generation. In general, this cohort of older adults will:
 Have a higher education than previous generations
 Experience better health and will live longer than previous
older adults Services and programs
that serve seniors are
 Be more culturally diverse
faced with the challenge
 Have higher expectations of products and services of continuing to address
 Be more technologically savvy the needs of current
seniors, while at the
 Have greater income and savings than previous seniors1
same time evolving
to accommodate the
changing nature and
needs of the growing
older adult population.

Staying Active and Involved

Staying involved in one’s community while growing older is part of healthy aging. A community
that supports older adults in staying as healthy and active as possible for as long as possible
encourages greater social inclusion6.

 Participation in social, leisure, and spiritual activities in the community allows older
people to continue to exercise their competence and also maintain or establish
supportive relationships.
 Inclusive programming and inter-generational opportunities that are based close to
where seniors live may be more appealing to some older adults.
 Strategies that encourage older adults to be involved in their local communities through
volunteering or flexible paid work are needed. Some service providers may lose their
volunteer base unless they provide new and flexible opportunities for older adults.

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Seniors Income Security
Improvement in poverty levels among seniors over the past few decades have been substantial.
In the 1970s, poverty rates among Calgary seniors were much higher than other age groups.
Today, it is more on par with other age groups7. In addition, many next-generation seniors will
have more income from savings and investments
than the generations that preceded them.
However, a significant portion of the senior
population struggles financially. As the total senior Calgary seniors who live alone or with
population grows, the number of seniors living in low- non-relatives live in low income11.
income situations will also grow. These individuals are at greater risk of
 Almost 8,000 seniors in Calgary are living in being socially isolated.
low-income based on the after-tax low-
income measure. This works out to a rate of
8%, which is somewhat lower than the rate of 11% for Calgary’s total population8.
 Approximately 1 in 4 Calgary seniors indicate that it is difficult to afford the food they
need because of increases in housing costs9.

Social Isolation
Preventing and addressing social isolation in seniors
is a growing area of concern. Seniors with limited
financial resources are at risk of being socially
isolated because they often can’t afford essentials
like transportation, program fees, or even
professional assistance they may need. Those who
live alone are particularly at risk.
Risk factors that increase the chances of seniors
becoming socially isolated include:
 older age (75+)
 living on a low-income
 living alone
 health/mobility difficulties
 language or cultural barriers

In Calgary, about eight per cent of seniors don’t speak English or French at a conversational
level, which may impact their ability to access services and participate in their communities 10.

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 Housing and Community Living
Generally speaking, older adults want to age in place. This means they want to stay in the
communities, if not the homes, they have lived in for years. Living in a setting that matches a
senior’s level of need, mobility, and care is important for their safety, dignity, and quality of life.
Choice about where to live is affected by several factors including cost and location of housing,
the level of care or support a person requires, changing needs associated with aging, lifestyle
preferences, transportation needs, and the diversity of housing options available3. The City of
Calgary’s Municipal Development Plan promotes complete communities that are highly
beneficial to all ages, including older Calgarians12.
Complete communities have:
aging in place  A mix of different types of housing that
suit all ages
 Affordable, accessible transportation and  A more compact settlement pattern
housing within complete communities
 Housing diversity  More local jobs, retail and public
spaces in accessible destinations
 Access to practical amenities
 A variety of transportation options
 Coordinated home services such as home
(health) care and social services
 Services and funding related to home
maintenance age friendly
 Access to coordinated information on An “age-friendly” city encourages active
services and programs aging by optimizing opportunities for
health, participation and security in order
to enhance quality of life as people age.
Accessible?
The Age-Friendly Cities Guidebook
Many older adults require supportive provides advice on how cities and
environments that compensate for changes communities can become more age-
associated with aging. As the population ages, friendly in eight particular areas:
addressing accessibility for people with physical,
visual, hearing, and/or cognitive disabilities is of 1. outdoor spaces/buildings
growing importance to allowing people to age in 2. transportation
place, while remaining actively involved in their 3. housing
communities. 4. social participation
5. respect/social inclusion
The World Health Organization identifies features
of an age-friendly city that make a community 6. civic participation and employment
accessible for all people. Examples include use of 7. communication and information
ramps, wider doorways, non-slip flooring, and rest 8. community and health supports6.
areas with ample public seating, clear sidewalks,
and accessible public toilets, to name a few. An
age-friendly city adjusts its structures and services to
be accessible to, and inclusive of, older individuals.

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 Looking Ahead
Planning for an aging population requires cross-sector collaboration and strategic planning.
Ensuring that the needs of the growing population of seniors are met will involve support from
all levels of government, community organizations, and community members including seniors
themselves. Services that are geared specifically towards seniors will notice mounting pressure
that matches the rising trend in the aging demographic. However, this demographic shift will
also affect services and structures that are available to Calgarians of all ages. The City of Calgary
and community partners developed the Seniors Age-Friendly Strategy, which was approved by
Calgary City Council in June 2015, to prepare for our aging population. For more information,
visit Calgary.ca/agefriendly.

“The huge baby boom

generation, which has
transformed public and
private institutions
throughout its life course
thus far, is poised to
change our communities
once again.” 13

City of Calgary
Community & Neighbourhood Services
socialresearch@calgary.ca

1
Statistics Canada (2012). The Canadian Population in 2011: Age and Sex. Catalogue no. 98-311-X2011001.
2
Statistics Canada (2012). Calgary CY, Alberta and Canada. Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE.
3
Government of Alberta (2010). Aging Policy Framework. www.seniors.alberta.ca
4
All projection data in this report are based on calculations by The City of Calgary Corporate Economics, 2014.
5
City of Calgary (2014). City of Calgary Civic Census. www.calgary.ca
6
World Health Organization (2007). Global age-friendly cities: A guide. www.who.int.aging
7
Statistics Canada (2013). Table 202-0802 - Persons in low income families, annual, CANSIM (database). Income Statistics Division.
8
Statistics Canada (2012). Calgary CY, Alberta. National Household Survey (NHS) Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada
Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE.
9
City of Calgary (2008). Survey on Seniors’ Decision to Relocate. www.calgary.ca/cns
10
Statistics Canada (2012). Target Group Profile for the Population aged 65 years and over. 2011 Census of Canada. Table EO-2193 - TGP_6A.
11
Statistics Canada (2014). Community Poverty Project, Table 9a-UI. 2011 National Household Survey.
12
City of Calgary (2009). The City of Calgary Municipal Development Plan. www.calgary.ca/PDA/pd/Pages/Municipal-Development-
Plan/Municipal-Development-Plan-MDP.aspx
13
Scharlach, A. (2009). Creating aging-friendly communities. Journal of the American Society on Aging. Summer 2009. Vol. 33 No.2
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