MSS SP-53-2021 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Magnetic Particle Examination Method Standard Practice Developed and Approved by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. sine 1920 127 Park Street, NE ® Vienna, Virginia 22180-4602 hi Phone: (703) 281-6613 ‘wenwunisena-Crg Fax: (703) 281-6671 E-mail: standards@msshq.orgMSS STANDARD PRACTICE s ‘This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 304, Quality Standards, and the MSS Coordinating Committee, The content of this Standard Practice is the resulting efforts of knowledgeable and experienced industry volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive standard that will benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice describes minimal requirements and is intended as aabasis for common practice by the manufacturer, the user, and the industry at large, Its the responsibility ofthe user of this Standard Practice to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself preclude the ‘manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice, Mandatory conformance to this ‘Standard Practice is established only by reference in other documents such as a code, specification, sales contract, oF public law, as applicable. MSS has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce or certify compliance with t document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this Standard Practice shall not be attributable to MSS and is solely the responsibilty of the certfier or maker of the statement. ‘Unless indicated otherwise within this MSS Standard Practice, other standards documents referenced to herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice at the date of approval of this [MSS Standard Practice (see Annex A). This Standard Practice shall remain silent on the validity of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even though applicable provisions may not have changed.” By publication of this Standard Practice, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any potential claim(s) or cof any patent rights in connection therewith. MSS shall not be held responsible for identifying any patent rights. Users are expressly advised that determination of patent rights and the risk of infringement of such rights are entirely their responsibility For all MSS Standard Practices, the term “shall” m ns “must” and “shall not” means “must not” In this Standard Practice, al text, notes, annexes, tables, figures, and references are construed tobe “normative” and essential to understand the standard’s message. All appendices and footnotes, or any other information denoted as “supplemental”, ‘that may be included within this Standard Practice, DO NOT involve mandatory or normative requirements The U.S. customary units and SI (metric) units included within this Standard Practice are regarded separately as the standard; each should be used independently of the other and may not be technically equivalent, Combining or converting values or tolerances between the two systems may result in non-conformance with this Standard Practice. Substantive changes in this 2021 edition are “flagged” by parallel bars as shown on the margins ofthis, paragraph. The specific detail of the change may be determined by comparing the material flagged with that in the previous 2012 edition, Excerpts of this Standard Practice may be quoted with written permission. Credit lines should read ‘Extracted from MSS SP-53-2021 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry’. Reproduction and/or electronic transmission or dissemination is prohibited under copyright convention unless writen permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Ine. All rights reserved. Originally Approved: January 1957 Originally Published: 1958 Edition Current Edition Approved: March 2021 Current Edition Published: March 2021 MSS is a registered trademark of the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Copyright ©, 2021 by Manufacturers Standardization Society ofthe ‘Valve and Fittings Industry, Ine, Printed in US.A.MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53 FOREWORD Historically, magnetic particle inspection has been applied to steel castings since the mid-1900's. It became regarded as an aid to the manufacture of stee! castings, particularly pressure containing castings, for use in “severe services”. The application of magnetic particle inspection had progressed to the point of recognition in 1944, warranting the issuance by ASTM of its method of "Magnetic Particle Testing and Inspection of Commercial Steel Castings", known as ASTM A272-44 (withdrawn in 1945). It had been the practice of ‘manufacturers and users of steel castings to survey castings for the type of defects as revealed by the procedures and to reach agreement on the extent and areas for which this procedure was to be used. There had been no standard establishing a dividing line between acceptable magnetic particle indications and those requiring probing or further exploration, In the mid-1950s, there was an increasing demand on the part of certain users of steel valves, fittings, and flanges, particularly in the oil refining industry, to establish minimum requirements for freedom from discontinuities of the type revealed by magnetic particle tests. As the demand for such a quality level grew, it hhas become apparent that some uniform code of acceptance would have to be developed beyond the mere procedure for making the inspection. To this end the ASTM has promulgated ASTM E125, "Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings". These photographs typify the type, character, and extent of indication relative to the quality definitions embraced in this MSS Standard Practice. ‘The reference photographs were originally obtained by a procedure in accordance with ASTM E109, "Method for Dry Powder Magnetic Particle Inspection”, which replaced ASTM A272 in regards to the type of castings covered herein are concemed. Note that ASTM E109 was eventually withdrawn in 1981 and subsequently replaced by ASTM E709, ‘The original selection of photographs and their interpretation was undertaken by the Stee! Founders Society of ‘America and were made available to ASTM Committee E-7 for the purpose of establishing the "Reference Photographs". These reference photographs served a parallel purpose to ASTM E71, "Industrial Radiographic Standards for Steel Castings’, originally prepared by the Navy Department’s Bureau of Ships as reference for repair and/or acceptance of steel castings upon a basis of radiographic inspections. Thus, the magnetic particle reference photographs were treated as another type of "go-no-go” gage in defining the original criteria established within this MSS Standard Practice. Note that ASTM E71 was withdrawn in 1974 and subsequently replaced by ASTM E446, ‘The MSS SP-53 was originally approved in January 1957. Complying with MSS SP-53 serves to codify a quality level in cast steel valves, fittings, and flanges involving casting discontinuities to an extent beyond that which ‘may be attained through visual inspection, ‘The quality herein implied is the minimum consideration of safety for the services in which such castings are to be used. There is no implication intended that "visual quality inspection” of steel casting will not fully support the ratings and requirements of ASME B16.5. ‘The ASTM E125 Reference Photographs were originally adopted at the prompting of a Joint Task Force promoted by Subcommittee 3, of ASA (later known as ANSI) Standards Committee B31, on Refinery Piping Systems; consisting of representatives of ASA, Steel Founders’ Society of America (SFSA), ASTM, ASME, and MSS. In addition, the aforementioned Standards Committee B3(developer of the standard known today as ASME B31 or the American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping), involving the section in B31 relating to Refinery Piping Systems, was concemed with pressure castings and expressed interest in MSS SP-53, given its scope and examination applicability. It was then contemplated during this time that MSS SP-S3 would be employed by the B31 Refinery group as a “practical vehicle whereby the Pressure Piping Code’s safe practice precepts may be exerted over the steel castings used in the manufacture of valves, fittings, and flanges” ‘This Forward is informational and provides a historical perspective on the subject. MSS acknowledges the original assistance and collaboration involving MSS SP-53 by the supporting members of the former ASA Standards Committee B31 as mentioned above.MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53 PREFACE Technical Committee Membership ‘The MSS Technical Committ © 304, Quality Standards, has primary responsibility for this Standard Practice and included the following members at the time of approval: Carlos E. Davita, Chair Steve Donohue, Vice-Chair Mark Abbott, Valstechnologies, In Brian Allen, Flomatic Corporation, Ine Mitchell Anderson, Bray International, Ine Annemarie Appleton, Alloy Stiles Prchts Company: ‘Jose Avalos, Nevay Valve International Mogas Industries, In, Lance Bagley, Gulf Coast Modification, LP John Ballun, Val-Matic Valve and Manufacturing Corp. ‘Jim Barker, DeZURIK APCO Hilton Douglas Barret, Kit: Corporation of America Kevin Bartell, Conbraco Industries, Ine David Bayreuther, Neles Corporation Brandon Bell, Emerson Automation Soluions Final Control US, LP Eric Berger, Gulf Manufacturing, LLC Patrick Berken, American Valve and Hydrant Manufacturing Company Lisa Bidimes, Keddco Manufacturing, LTD Dan Burceynski, Kenneds Valve Tan Cheng, Neway Valve International Dean O'Brian Chetty. LVSA Group Maithew Coffey. Ward Manufacturing, LLC Ron Collins, JCM Industries, Ine Jorge Corvipio, Emerson Automation Solutions Final Control US, LP Guy Cuccia, Phoenix Capitol Cameo ‘Stephen Dalton, Val-Matic Valve and Manufacturing Corp. Jerry D'Avanzo, Fluoroseal, Inc Carlos Dévila, Crane Chempharma & Energy Stephen De Boer, Mueller Company LLC Aaron Disefano, Ladish Valves 4. Gabriel Dominguez. Welding Outlets, In ‘Steve Donohue. ITT Corporation ‘Steve Driscoll, Check-ll Valve Manufacturing Co Kathy Durand, Canad Forge, LID Rob Enneking, Fluoraseal, In David Escobar, Neles Corporation Brian Fabian, Pennsylvania Machine Works, ne Leo Fleury, Mueller Co, LLC Frank Fraczano, Alloy Sainless Prods Compra ne David Gambetta, Mueller Company, LLC Epitacio Torres Garcia, Weldbend Corporation Kevin Gentry, Gulf Coast Modification, LP Paul Gifford, Mueller Company, LLC Greg Goodson, Conbraco Industries, ne: Trey Gorrel, lid Group Engin Gulgun, Iorernational Standard Valve, Ine Heath Gunderman, A.W. Chesterton Chad Harbour, Mueller Company, LLC Tim Harrigan, Bonney Forge Corporation Paul Heald, Bonney Forge Corporation John Helf, American Flow Control James Henofer, DET. Inc Mandar Hingwe, Forged Components, Inc Howard Houston, Westhrook Manufacturing Greg Johnson, United Valve Kirk Johnson, M& H Valve Company David Johnston, El, Ine Dennis King, Dynamic Produets, Inc Bobby Lanclos, Phoenis Capito! Cameo Roland Larkin, J & S Valve, Inc Jason Legendre, Forum Energy Technologies ~ Valve Solutions Randy Looney, American AVK Company Karl Lyons, Forged Components, Inc Scot Marshall, Tube Forgings of America, Ine Rob Meloy, Emerson Automation Solutions Final Control US, LP Shery! Michalak, Welding Outlets, Ine John Montgomery, Hackney Ladish Ine ‘Steve Moore, Kirksey Machine Company, be Frank Morrell American Valve and Hyeran Manufacturing Compan Jan Murphy. Weir Minerals Prasad Naik, Gripple, Inc Vahe Najarian, Vela, nc Tim Narel, Mibwaukee Valve Company Robert Nichols, Ekhart Products Corp. John Nickel, Phoenix Capitol Cameo Derek Oldsen, Nideo, Ine Bradley Okeley, DSS Valves Allen Organick, Inferno Manufacturing Corp. im O'Shea, Val-Matic Valve and Manufacturing Corp. Willard Painter, The WM Povsell Company Doug Peirce, Clow Valve Company Jim Pellegrini, DSS Valves Gil Peres, Velan, Inc Dennis Petrucel, DFT, In Rick Purpura, Weldbend Corporation Kenneth Reid I, Parker Hannifin Corporation Mathew Reverman, The WM Powell Company Jon Robert, Southern Valve Service, Ine Matthew Robbins, Flowserve Tevas Alain Roquet, Fluorosea, Inc (continued on next page) iiiMSS Felipe Ruiz De Chives, XANOR DE MEXICO S.A. DE CV. Trent Runyon, DSS Valves Bob Schmidt, Canadoil Forge, LTD Derek Scott, American Flow Control Stephen Scott. Anvil International. Ine ‘Steve Smick, Muller Company LLC ‘Keith Spaulding, Bray International, Ine Leonard Swantek, Victaulic Company of America David Swartzentruber, Wedge Rock, ne Kevin Swicegod, Fowserve Corp Philip Taylor, Crane Chempharma & Energy Ashish Tripathi, Vibration Management Corporation STANDARD PRACTICE PREFACE SP-53 Technical Committee Membership (continued) James Tubb, JCM Indusiries, Ine Srinivasan A.V, LVSA Group “asier Vergara, Beri Valves Keith Walher, Fowserve Corp. Tom Waldmann, Kitz Corporation of America Ross Waters, Hy-Grade Valve, In Jeff Wetch, Emerson Automation Solutions Final Control US, LP Matt Wells, Beric Valves Janie White, Flowserve Texas David Woollums, US. Pipe Mike Zampogna, Dresser Pipeline SolutionsSTANDARD PRACTICE This Page Intentionally Left Blank Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry SP-53MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 SCOPE... 1 |2 DEFINITION: i| 3. PROCEDURES 2 4 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS. 2 | 5 REFERENCE PHOTOGRAPHS... sess 2] 6 REMOVAL AND REPAIR OR DISCONTINUTIES 2 TABLE 1 Acceptance Standards .... enced Standards and Applicable Dates, 4MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53, QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS AND FORGINGS FOR VALVES, FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND OTHER PIPING COMPONENTS MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION METHOD 1, SCOPE 1.1 This Standard Practice provides methods and acceptance standards for magnetic particle examination of feritic steel valves, flanges, fittings, and other piping components by use of dry magnetic powder or ‘wet magnetic particles. Its applicable to the examination of repairs and the initial examination of and forgings. 1.2. The methods contained in this Standard Practice provide uniform procedures that will produce satisfactory and consistent results upon which the acceptance standards of Table I may be used. 1.3. This examination guide may be used on a voluntary basis or when specified in an inquiry, contract, or order and when mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. 1.4 This Standard Practice includes the examination of pressure containing castings and forgings. 2. DEFINITION: 2.1 Indication A detectable magnetic particle accumulation resulting from a distortion of the ‘magnetic field 2.2. Linear Indication An indication in which the length is more than three times the width. 2.3. Pressure Containing Piece A piece whose failure would permit the contained fluid to escape to the atmosphere. For valves, the body, bonnet (cover), and end pieces (of multi-piece valve bodies, e.g., ball valves) shall be considered the pressure containing pieces. 2.4 Rounded Indication An indication which is circular or elliptical with its length less than three times its width, 2.5 Standard Definitions See ASTM E1316 for terminology relating to magnetic particle inspection | and examination 2.6 For common industry terms and definitions that may appear in this Standard Practice, refer to Mss SP-96. 3. PROCEDURI 3.1 Allexterior and accessible interior surfaces of the pressure containing parts shall be examined by the ‘magnetic particle method. Examination may occur prior to or after machining, at the manufacturer's option. This Standard Practice may also be used for examination of other parts when mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. 3.2. Magnetic particle procedures and personnel qualification requirements for casting examination shall be in accordance with ASTM E709. For forgings, the examination procedures and personnel qualification requirements shall be in accordance with ASTM A275/A275M.MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53, 4, ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS 4.1 Acceptance Standards for magnetic particle indications shall be as shown in Table 1. 5. REFERENCE PHOTOGRAPHS 5.1 Typical Magnetic Particle Indications are shown in ASTM E125, Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings, 5.2. Indications of weld discontinuities illustrated in ASTM E125 are merely examples of discontinuities in weld repairs and ate not indicative of the degree of severity. 5.3. The reference examples of false indications and magnetic anomalies, illustrated in ASTM E125, are necessary as a guide to the type of indications. They are NOT necessarily indicative of any conditions ‘concerning integrity or usefulness, under the scope of quality defined within this Standard Practice. It is recognized, that in some instances, surveys by methods other than magnetic particle examination may be necessary to establish what indications belong to these reference categories. 6. REMOVAL AND REPAIR OF DISCONTINUITI 6.1 Piping parts and components rejected through the application of these standards may be repaired. If welding is required, it shall be performed by qualified personnel and in accordance with requirements specified in the applicable steel casting or forging specification, 6.2. Discontinuities in excess of those represented by acceptable indications shall be removed by suitable ‘means. If removal of surface discontinuities to an acceptable level does not result in reducing the wall thickness below the acceptable minimum, the area shall be blended smoothly into the surrounding surface. Where removal of discontinuities results in a wall thickness below the acceptable minimum, the resultant cavity may be repaired by welding. Welded areas shall be blended smoothly into the surrounding surface. 6.3 Areas which as a result of magnetic particle examination, have been weld repaired or from which discontinuities have been removed without requirement for weld repair, shall be re-examined by the ‘magnetic particle method. 6.4 The acceptance standards for magnetic particle re-examination requited under Section 6.3 shall be as shown in Table 1MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53, | TABLE 1 | Acceptance Standards ‘A. CASTINGS ‘Maximum acceptable indications are as follows: 1, Linear indications (as defined in Section 2.2) (03 in, (8 mm) long for materials up to 0.5 in, (13 mm) thick (0.5 in. (13 mm) long for materials 0.5 in. to I in, (13 mm to 25 mm) thick 0.7 in, (18 mm) long for materials over | in, (25 mm) thick Linear indications must be separated by a distance greater than the length of the longest, adjacent acceptable linear indication. Rounded indications (as defined in Section 2.4) (0.3 in, (8 mm) diameter for materials up to 0.5 in, (13 mm) thick (0.5 in. (13 mm) diameter for materials over 0.5 in. (13 mm) thick Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 0.06 in. (2 mm) or less edge-to-edge are unacceptable, unless the total length does not exceed the individual diameter size allowed for the material thickness being evaluated, B. FORGINGS ‘Maximum acceptable indications are as follows: 1. Linear indications (as defined in Section 2.2) (0.2 in, ( mm) long for materials 0.5 in, (13 mm) or less thick (04 in, (10 mm) Tong for materials 0.5 in. to T in, (13 mm to 25 mm) thick 0.6 in. (15 mm) long for materials over 1 in. (25 mm) thick Linear indications must be separated by a distance greater than the length of the longest, adjacent acceptable linear indication, 2. Rounded indications (as defined in Section 2.4) (0.2 in. ( mm) diameter for materials up to 0.5 in, (13 mm) thick 0.3 in, (8 mm) diameter for materials over 0.5 in, (13 mm) thick Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 0.06 in, (2 mm) or less edge-to-edge are unacceptable, unless the total length does not exceed the individual diameter size allowed for the ‘material thickness being evaluated.MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-53, | ANNEX A | Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience. Standard Name Deseri ASME: ANSUASME ‘A27S/A27SM-18 Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings E125-63(2018) Standard Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings 709-15 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing 1316-20 Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations ‘The following organization appears in the above list: ASTM ASTM International 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700 ‘West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959STANDARD PRACTICE This Page Intentionally Left Blank Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry SP-53,STANDARD PRACTICE This Page Intentionally Left Blank Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry SP-53,Purchase or View a Full Listing of MSS Standards at: http://msshq.org/Store/PriceList.cfm MSS Standard Practices (SPs) related to or referenced in t ANSIMSS SP-96 publication: Terminology for Valves, Fittings, and Their Related Components American National Standards Published by MSS, an ANS|-accredited Standards Developer: ANSI/MSS SP-44 ANSUMSS SP-55 ANSI SP-58 ANSUMSS SP-96 ANSUMSS SP-114 ANSUMSS SP-135 ANSI/MSS SP-138 ANSUMSS SP-144 Standard Marking System for Valves, Finings, Flanges, and Unions ‘Steet Pipeline Flanges ‘Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Componems ~ Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design, Manufactare, Selection, Application, and Instaltaion Terminology for Valves, Fitings, and Their Related Components Corrosion Resistant Pipe Fitings Threaded and Socket Welding Ct Plastic Industrial Balt Valves ss 150 and 1000 Valves for Cryogenic Service, including Requirements for Body/Bonnet Extensions High Pressure Knife Gate Valves Quality Standard Practice for Oxygen Cleaning of Valves and Fiuings Pressure Seal Bonnet Valves Do not violate copyright laves All Standard Practices are officially available only from MSS and through our authorized distributors: OD TechDoc TECHSTREET SAIGLOBAL (Cn affor normdocs ad ay L ‘The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry isa non-profit technical association organized About MSS. for development and improvement of industry, national and international cades and standards for Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modifications, Pipe Fit been dedicated to developing latory authorities, tings, Flanges, Pipe Hangers and Supports, and Associated Seals. Since its establishment in 1924, MSS has tandards for national and global applications, in cooperation with other standardizing bodies and MSS is an American National Standards Institute (ANSI)-accredited standards developer. For more information on membership and eligibility requirements, visit: htipv/msshy.ony/Store/Membership.cfin Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. 127 Park Street, NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4620 * Phone (703) 281-6613 + Fax (703) 281-6671 ‘The Technical Voice of the Industry”