LET'S TALK ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS

Instructions
Read the text and then select the correct answer.
There is an example at the beginning:
(0) situation place position site

Earth is the only ... (0) we know of in the universe that can support human life. ... (1) human activities are making the
planet less fit to live on. As the western world ... (2) on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the
world's population do so ... (3) to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the very resource we have by which all people can
survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is ... (4) built on or washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited
so much that they will never be able to recover completely. We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any
thought of the consequences. As a ... (5) the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when
rising human numbers and consumption are ... (6) increasingly heavy demands on it. The Earth's natural resources are
there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to ... (7) us fed,
comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources they will ... (8) indefinitely. But if we use
them wastefully and excessively they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.

0 place situation position

1 Yet Still Despite

2 continues follows repeats

3 just entirely for

4 either neither rather

5 product result development

6 having making taking

7 maintain keep stay

8 remain last stand

THE BEST WAY TO WRITE THE PERFECT CRIME NOVEL

Instructions
Read the text and then select the correct answer.
There is an example at the beginning:
(0) say tell speak announce

Most people are born with the natural ability to (0) stories, but only a rare few have the determination to become
professional authors, and even fewer have the joy of seeing their novels top the (1) of bestselling books. Some of the
world's famous crime writers have achieved the (2) success of all. Who can deny the appeal of famous detectives like
Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot? Even if you haven't read the (3) books you will have seen them in films
or on the TV.
If you have an ambition to become the next Agatha Christie what should you do? The best starting (4) is to read lots of
examples of crime fiction written by good authors. You will need a notebook to carry around with you or, even better,
some loose (5) of paper that you can (6) notes on and then file into a folder. After all, the most everyday situation - for
example, watching a woman get (7) a train - may be the inspiration for your first bestseller.
Like any good recipe you have to know the main (8) of a successful novel. These are: an original story, strong characters
and a memorable setting.

0 speak tell announce

1 row line queue

2 greatest highest largest

3 early first initial

4 point tip mark

5 layers strips pieces

6 do complete make

7 off out from

8 ingredients pieces parts

FROM NOW ON - NO MORE CLASSES

Instructions
Read the text and then select the correct answer,
There is an example at the beginning:
(0) with for at in

The use of computers has meant students can study language programmes (1) their own speed when and for how long
they want. What's more, in the virtual classrooms of the future the student will (2) on their headset, and be transported
into an imaginary school, choose their class, take the books they need off the shelf and (3) conversations with other
computerised students.
They might (4) choose to pay a visit to the supermarket or the train station, the bank or the restaurant. At the (5) of a
button they would be transported to (6) realistic settings where they could practice their English, maybe getting a hand
from a virtual English companion. All this perhaps, at the computer, from the comfort of their home: no (7) to catch the
bus to college, or a plane to England.
Exciting? Certainly, and an interesting alternative to traditional classroom lessons. But would it ever (8) the classroom?
Hopefully not. Surely the need to relate to real people talking about real issues and generally learning a little more about
others will always lead language learners to (9) at least a little of their time with real people.
 1 with at for

2 put set place

3 take catch do

4 contrary instead preferably

5 hit push depress

6 alike like so

7 role need duty

8 replace recover restore

9 make have do

THE NETHERLANDS
For questions 1- 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

Welcome to the Netherlands, a tiny European country that only extends, at its broadest, 312 km north to south, and 264
km east to west - (1) ... the land area increases slightly each year as a (2) ... of continuous land reclamation and drainage.
With a lot of heart and much to offer, 'Holland,' as it is (3) ... known to most of us abroad - a name stemming (4) ... its
once most prominent provinces - has more going on per kilometre than most countries, and more English-speaking
natives. You'll be impressed by its (5) ... cities and charmed by its countryside and villages, full of contrasts. From the
exciting variety (6) ... offer, you could choose a romantic canal boat tour in Amsterdam, a Royal Tour by coach in The
Hague, or a hydrofoil tour around the biggest harbour in the world - Rotterdam. In season you could visit the dazzling
bulb fields, enjoy a full day on a boat, or take a bike tour through the pancake-flat countryside spiced with windmills.
The possibilities are countless and the nationwide tourist office, which is on hand to give you information and (7) ...
reservations. You'll have (8) ... language problems here, as the Dutch are true linguists and English is spoken here almost
universally.

1 so despite in spite of

2 whole rule consequently

3 regularly occasionally commonly

4 in from on

5 historically historic historical

 6 at in on

7 sit catch do

8 few a few little

GOLD STORY
For questions 1- 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

The story of gold is an adventure involving kings, queens, pirates, explorers, conquerors, and the native peoples they
conquered. Throughout history, gold has woven a magic spell over those it touched. Gold is beautiful and rare; a soft
shiny metal that can be moulded into many (1) ... . It has been used for money, jewellery, and to decorate special
buildings such (2) ... palaces and places of worship. (3) ... the precious metal was discovered, prospectors rushed to
mine it, starting new cities and countries as they went. Gold and the people who love it have helped shape the world we
live (4) ... today. Gold is one of many elements, or substances that cannot be changed by normal chemical means, that
are found in the Earth's crust. Gold has a warm, sunny colour and (5) ... it does not react (6) ... air, water, and most
chemicals, its shine never fades. In its natural (7) ... , gold is soft and easily shaped. When heated to 1,062 Celsius it
melts and can be poured into moulds to form coins, gold bars, and other objects. Stories have been told, movies (8) ...
and legends born about the discovery of the world's great gold deposits. It is a saga of dreams, greed, ambition and
exploration.

1 formats outlines shapes

2 like many as

3 Wherever However Forever

4 at for on

5 yet because despite

6 of in at

7 state stage estate

8 done made composed

ABOUT TOURISM
For questions 1- 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

Tourism is one of the world's largest industries, and it is the fastest growing. It contributes over £50 billion to the
economy annually, over £12 billion of it from overseas visitors. About 25 million overseas visitors (1) ... Britain each year.
Tourism is one of the biggest employment (2) ... in the UK, too – it employs over 1.7 million people, which is more than
in the construction or health service industries.

Around 20% of all new (3) ... are in this industry. These figures are very impressive, but how do they translate (4) ... job
possibilities for you? There is room in this industry for all sorts of people, with different educational (5) ... , personal
attributes, interests and career aims. A tourist is really a traveller – someone who (6) ... a journey, usually for
recreation, (7)... a holiday or sightseeing. (8) ... , tourism at its very simplest refers to the industry that provides travel
and entertainment facilities for people away from their own homes.

1 come from come away with come to

2 sectors zones sections

3 employments vocations works

4 from into at

5 backgrounds settings traditions

6 does performs makes

7 so like such

8 Therefore Because Despite

HISTORY OF THE CATS

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.

Cats of all kinds are present in the legends, religion, mythology, and history of (1) .................... different cultures. Cave
paintings created by early humans display different types of wild cats (2) ..... ………….. are now extinct, or no longer
around. Many of these great beasts saw humans as food, but were hunted by humans in return. Cats similar (3) .............
the ones kept as pets today started showing up in artwork thousands of years ago. For example, the ancient Egyptians
believed cats were the sacred, or special, animal of a goddess named Bast. They believed that Bast often appeared as a
cat, so many ancient Egyptians respected and honoured cats and kittens. (4) ..............., other cultures feared cats or
thought that they brought illnesses and bad luck. Today, with millions kept as pets in homes around the world, cats have
become important members of many families. No one knows for sure when or (5) ................ cats became very popular
household pets. It's possible that people noticed how cats hunted mice and rats, (6) ................. they set food and milk
out to keep the cats near their homes. This helped to prevent (7) .................. many of these rodents (8) ........... coming
into homes and eating people's food or spreading
PRINTING PIONEER JOHANNES GUTENBERG
For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.

Before Gutenberg (1394 – 1468), all books had to be copied by hand. The so-called ‘manuscripts’ of medieval times were
laboriously hand-written, usually by monks (1) ............... devoted years (2) ..................... the work. Earlier attempts had
been made to produce printing ‘blocks’. The designs on playing cards (3) ............... example were carved from wooden
blocks which were inked and then printed onto cards. There are even examples of whole pages in books being hand
carved and printed. Gutenberg however came up with the idea of printing using, not whole page blocks, but letter
blocks. (4) ...................... he was a goldsmith (5) ............... trade, he knew how to mould metal into whatever shape was
needed. He made thousands of tiny blocks of ‘type’, (6) .............. with a letter raised on it, which could be lined up and
clamped into position in a ‘forme’ (page block). The type could be linked, paper laid on top, and the whole thing
compressed by turning a handle. When released, the paper had the page printed on it. Years of work went into this
invention. Gutenberg (7) .................. to make the letters, develop an ink which would cling to metal (most didn’t), build
the forme, and above (8) ................... find the money to do all this while not working as a goldsmith.

WORKING IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.

Whatever you do in tourism, you are likely to have a (1) ............ of contact (2) ................... other people. This can be
both enjoyable (3) ............... difficult. You will soon find (4) ............... how often people behave unlike their usual selves
while on holiday, or trying to arrange a holiday. (5) ... …………..they stay in their own country or go abroad, they want to
get away from it all, they (6) .................. paying hard-earned money to relax from work, and they want value (7) ...
money.

They will also be in unfamiliar surroundings and unsure of themselves. When things go well their happiness is infectious
- it is very rewarding helping (8) ............ and contributing to the enjoyment of their holiday. When things go badly,
clients blame the hotel staff or tour operator's representative, even if it isn't their fault. You've just got to keep calm and
keep smiling when people are shouting at you.

THE ART OF LEARNING EXPERIENCE

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.

It's inevitable that as artists become accomplished in their craft, the knowledge and depth of understanding of the tools
they use to create their art becomes accomplished as well. A painter knows he has several types of brushes to
choose (1)... ………………. His experience (2) ................... taught him that certain brushes (3) .................. produce specific
strokes, producing the desired result on the canvas, enabling the vision in his head to become realized. In the world of
guitar playing, (4) ............... is a wide array of tools (5) …………….. a player can choose to create his or her art.

Becoming knowledgeable and experienced (6) ................ matching the right tool to facilitate your musical inspiration can
be a long road that's sometimes filled with unexpected bumps and lessons learnt the hard way. (7) ………….., attaining
that knowledge and experience can often prove the difference (8) ……………. satisfaction and disappointment; and in
some cases, employment and unemployment. But how do you learn and under what conditions? From my observations,
most players get information in one of two ways.