Automation · Energy Solution

Microgrid Energy System

A challenging environment

Continuous availability
of electricity
Today’s facilities and communities are under
extreme pressure to improve performance,
operational efficiencies and reduce costs.

Continuous availability of electricity is critical

to meet these goals.

The microgrid energy system concept

Local “Grid” Distributed energy sources Microgrid applications
• Self-sufficient stand alone power • Diesel engine generation • Islanding operation
generation and supply • Solar system generation • Black start
• Energy storage (Batteries) • Generation/load balance control

Generation sources
Diesel generators
Load

Solar energy

Microgrid control system

Wind energy Utility grid

Energy storage

A microgrid is a stand-alone power grid that can be self-sufficient stand alone power system in a small area.

It is a power system that combines various energy production devices such as diesel generators, solar and wind power and energy
storage devices. Unlike large-scale power generation facilities, it does not require a separate power transmission facility due to its
proximity to supply area.

2 UNBRO Microgrid Energy System

Values from microgrid energy system
Separate electricity transmission line free Renewable farming
• Unlike large-scale power production • Reduces generation cost by renewable
facilities, there is no need to have energy
power transmission facility because • Maximization of utilization of renewa-
the production facility and the supply ble energy
area are close to each other

Islanding Frequency & voltage regulation

• Independent operation of power • Stable frequency and voltage Grid
source without grid connection forming control for load variation
• Self-sufficient stand alone power • Automated generation source control
generation and supply to match demand

What Unbro can bring to you

1 Modularized and containerized system

2 Shorter project cycles

3 Improved overall cost effectiveness

4 Easier to troubleshoot

5 Easy reconfiguration of equipments

Benefits are significant

6 Turnkey and full lifecycle support

7 Single point of responsibility

Consistent power supply Adaptable infrastructure Enhanced safety Expandable architecture

Consistent supply of reliable, An adaptable, secure Enhanced safety to protect An architecture that can
efficient and high-quality and responsive people, property and the grow and modified without
power infrastructure environment major reengineering

UNBRO Microgrid Energy System 3

Total solution provider for microgrid energy system
We are devoting ourselves to improving people’s lives and environment
with power management technologies that are more reliable, efficient,
safe and sustainable. Because that is what really matters. And we are
here to make sure it works.

Unbro has been incorporating our all existing and on going

technologies of development into our microgrid energy system.

Construction & System

Total solution Installation integration Site
Basic & supply commissioning Verification of
Detail design system performance

Energy mix
case study Microgrid Energy System Operator
training

Feasibility study System maintenance

Project consulting System upgrade service
service service

Microgrid EMS system

System architecture

To Upstream Grid To Upstream Control

EMS HMI

PCC EMS System

Breaker/ Controller
Recloser

Local Local Local Local Local

Controller - Controller - Controller - Controller - Controller -
Fuel Cell Gen Set Energy Storage PV Load

Fuel Cell Engine Generator Energy Storage Photovoltaic Controllable Loads

• Utilizes modular systems design • Pre-format load options

• Standard set of displays/reports • Build on open standards
• Repeatable gen modules (templates) • Suit of pre-engineered optimization strategies
• Scale templates to match application

4 UNBRO Microgrid Energy System

EMS software for microgrid system
Automated microgrid system startup

This function greatly simplifies the execution of complex black All processes at once
start process. It verifies the status of each step and automatically
performs all processes moving to the next step. With just one Srart Condition check Verification End
button operation, the user can perform all processes at once.

Step forward

Automatic scheduling and system operation

This function uses intelligent load & generation forecasting

algorithm. Load & demand System setup Auto scheduling System run

This function creates operation schedule automatically. With this

automated scheduling function operator can run entire plant
without burden of creating complex schedule.

Modularized control block

Our control system adopted modularized algorithm block architec-

Generation P.Q control
Black start
ture. Each algorithm block is built with the function of most gen control
frequently used. In most cases we do not need extra customization
work. Frequency and
Demand forecaster Algorithm block
voltage control
We just need to combine each block for operation.

Load forecaster Demand control Schedule control

Type of microgrid EMS software & function

Function Basic version Standard version Enhanced version

Grid forming & control (Microgrid function)

Black start (Automatic start and shutdown of microgrid system)

Demand forecasting (Demand forecasting function based on

history data)

P.Q control (Active & Reactive power control)

Frequency & Voltage control

P.F control (Power factor control)

UNBRO Microgrid Energy System 5

Microgrid GUI design

Microgrid EMS software GUI

• Black Start Control
• Control of Operation Mode
• Load Forecastor Control
• Economic Generation Control
• Output Vs Frequncy
• Voltage and Reactive Power Output

Black Start Control

The automated blackstart function of microgrid enables operators to recover
microgrid system with minimum human intervention.

With few key strokes to microgrid control system, it automatically monitors each
individual equipment’s status and make entire generation system to be ready to
execute automated blackstart function.

The automated black start function involves starting up the microgrid's genera-
tion sources such as diesel generators, renewable energy and energy storage
systems. Microgrid control system monitors each generation source’s status and
system capacity. If microgrid control system decides to start to execute
automated blackstart function, it controls and monitors every step of blackstart procedure until microgrid system recovers to perform it’s
normal microgid function based on pre-programmed scenario and sequence. It does not need manual or human intervention. Overall,
an automated black start function is a crucial component of microgrid resiliency, ensuring that the microgrid can quickly recover from a
power outage and continue to provide power to critical loads.

Control of Operation Mode

The control of the mode of operation of equipment in a microgrid, such as a
generator, PV inverter, and battery PCS, involves managing the mode of output of
each device to meet the electricity demand (frequency and voltage). The mode of
operation consist of different operating modes to ensure to achieve this target.

Generator Control: In a microgrid, the generator may be used as the primary

source of electricity or as a backup power source. Generators can be based on
Droop control or P.Q control.

PV Inverter Control: A PV inverter may operate in modes such as maximum

power point tracking (MPPT) mode, where it adjusts the output voltage and
current to extract the maximum power from the solar panels. Or the inverter may also operate in P.F control mode to regulate the voltage
of the microgrid and maintain system stability.

Battery PCS Control: The battery PCS manages the charge and discharge of battery. Also one of P.C.Ss of battery system will operate on
C.V.C.F (Constant voltage and constant frequency) mode while the others operate in P.Q mode.

Mode of operation of each equipment will be defined automatically or manually by microgrid control software.

6 UNBRO Microgrid Energy System

Load Forecastor Control
Load forecasting is done using the “similar day forecasting” prediction technique.
The “similar day forecasting technique” is based on the theory that power
consumption (load) shows a certain pattern under the influence of days of the
week, seasons, time zones, and weather condition such as temperature, wind
strength, and humidity. For forecasting, historic load data with weather informa-
tion of past years are required, but if they are not available, the forecast is
performed based on the data of the previous week or the previous day.

If there is usage data linked with past weather data, first input the weather factors
such as temperature and humidity on the day to be predicted, and the system
sets the characteristic conditions of the forecast day (Ex: Sunday, Saturday,
Ordinary day, Christmas, Thanksgiving, First day of new year), etc. Based on this, 30 data with the most similar temperature and humidity
are extracted by date type, season, and temperature and humidity, and the load is predicted by assigning weights for each temperature
and humidity. Considering the natural increase in usage, software estimates the total demand.

Economic Generation Control

Microgrid system typically includes multiple distributed energy resources such as
solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, battery system, and generators. The economic
generation and dispatch of electricity in a microgrid involves optimizing the use of
diesel generators.

The economic dispatch of electricity of microgrid is focused on “How we can

minimize running fuel engine based generators” and “How we can maximize the
use of renewable energy”.

In order to achieve that objective, the future demand forecasting, optimal energy
storage level, Optimal necessary running of fuel engine based system running
should be considered and reflected in automated operation.

Output Vs Frequncy
Frequency control function is needed to provide adequate amount of electricity
and maintain reference frequency to microgrid system. The frequency of the
electrical power system is measure of how enough or deficient the supplying
amount of electricity to demand side. So frequency needs to be maintained at a
constant level to ensure that the power supply is stable and reliable.

In a microgrid, the frequency control function of microgrid system continuously

monitors the frequency of the electrical power system, amount of Active power
and size of demand variation to adjusts the output of the generation sources to
maintain a stable frequency. If the frequency deviates from the set point, the
frequency control system triggers the necessary adjustments in generation
sources to restore the frequency to the desired level.

Voltage and Reactive Power Output

Voltage control function in microgrids is basically adding or subtracting reactive
power to microgrid system.

If there is too much reactive power flow, then voltage may increase. Especially in
microgrid system, if there is surplus power flow is made from renewable energy
sources to microgird, this voltage rise phenomenon may occur.

In a microgrid, the voltage control system continuously monitors the voltage of

the electrical power system and controls the output of the reactive power genera-
tion to maintain target voltage.

UNBRO Microgrid Energy System 7

Inverters for PCS (From Realtech)
• More than 20 years of experience and know-how in the PCS field • Active FRT(Fault Ride Through) function
• Optimum cooling structure through heat flow analysis, optimum • High efficiency power conditioning at rated (more than 97.8%)
internal temperature increases the service life of the product • Low output variation and low harmonic

Model RTESS-30 RTESS-50 RTESS-75-OD RTESS-95-OD RTESS-250-OD RTESS-500-OD RTESS-1000-OD RTESS-2000

Rated Power [kW] 30 50 75 95 250 500 1000 2000
Rated Voltage [V] 380 380 380 380 380 380 440 660
Frequency [Hz] 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60
AC Power Factor(@Full load) > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95 > 0.95
Phase 3phase 3Wire, PE, Transformer 3phase 3Wire, PE, Transfomer-less(Option : Transformer)
THD(@Full load) < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5% < 5%
Max. Efficiency [%] >97.0% >97.0% >97.0% >97.0% >97.0% >97.0% >97.0% >97.0%
Nominal Voltage [V] 725 725 725 725 725 725 860 860
DC
Voltage range [V] 600~950 600~950 600~950 570~840 600~950 600~1100 650~1100 650~1100
Cooling Method Forced Air Cooling
Op. Ambient
temperature range [℃] -20 ~ 40
Enviro-
nment Op. Humidity [%] 0 ~ 90, Non condensation
OP. Altitude [m] 0 ~ 2,000
Display TFT Color LCD
Touch Size 10.2" 17.7cm (7") 10.2"
panel
Back light Auto On/Off
Communication MODBUS RTU RS-485
- - - SGSF-025-04, -
Safety and EMC Standards KC62477-1 SGSF-025-04 SGSF-025-04 SGSF-025-04
IP Grade IP20 IP20 IP44 IP44 IP44 IP44 IP44 IP20
Dimension [W×D×H] [mm] - 700x750x1,520 800x750x1,800 1,220×780×1,283 800×950×2,050 2,150×1,050×2,086 2,890×1,100×2,200 3,600×1,000×2,200
Weight [kg] - 550kg 450kg 480kg 500kg 1600kg 2500kg 3500kg
Safety DC GFD(Ground Fault Detecter), DC&AC SPD(Surge Protection Device), Option : FRT(Fault Ride Through) -

Microgrid controller Battery systems

Microgrid controller Capacity
Microgrid controller uses • Customized design for each
the IEC 61131-3 Soft PLC application field and site
and logic functions to implement a stand-alone power
generating, distribution and storage system that can Safety
isolate itself from the primary utility grid and provide a • Rack design with built-in self
reliable and efficient solution to unexpected power loss. Stability fire detector and fire
extinguishing system
The controller is one of the most advanced automation • Considering C-rate, efficient
platforms in the industry and provides all the functions and optimal charge/discharge • Run at SOC 90% (outdoor)
required by the modern automation system in a single control logic is applied to • Operational data is backed
highly reliable and powerful package. each battery brand up outside the ESS

In addition to data concentration, protocol translation Types of battery applicable Battery brand
and logic processing, it provides a built-in HMI and
• Li-ion battery • SAMSUNG SDI
secure remote maintenance access to substation and
field devices, reducing operating costs and increasing • LiFePO4 battery • LG Chem
productivity for a large variety of applications. • Vanadium Redox Flow Battery • SK innovation

8 UNBRO Microgrid Energy System

Containerized microgrid energy system

Exterior view 1 External ventilation

Battery HVAC system PCS Fire extinguishers

Interior view 1 Airway for PCS

UNBRO’s containerized microgrid energy system’s special features

Hardware Control and operation

• IP grade: IP55 • Automated microgrid system startup

• Inclusion: Batteries, Battery PCS, HVAC system, Fire • Automated schedule operation function
extinguishers, Bus bars and cables, Cable connection • Specially designed and proven microgrid control function
interface panel, Transformer, E.M.S system
• Modularized microgrid algorithm block
• Size of container: 20ft ~ 40ft.
• Web connectivity allowing remote diagnosis
• Standard capacity of batteries: 2MWH(expandable by need)
• Minimized human intervention
• Capacity of PCS: 30kW ~ 2MW
• Achieve a system architecture that’s
• Maintenance: Spacious room for maintenance 75% Pre-engineered
• Specially designed airway for PCS 15% App. configured
• Precisely calculated heat discharging system 10% Custom

• All equipments are fully tested and integrated into container • Offer customization as desired

• Specially hardened container with cross bar type H beam • Full system simulation testing
against deformation

UNBRO Microgrid Energy System 9

Megatrends, Microgrids

#1103~1104, Pangyo Innovation Lab, Knowledge Industry Center, 11,

Geumto-ro 80beon-gil, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

Contact Us Technical inquiry

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