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Lecture2-Intro To Web

This document provides an introduction to web concepts and technologies. It discusses what to expect from the course, how the web works by explaining the client-server model and domain name system. It also covers client-side technologies like browsers, HTML, CSS and JavaScript that run on users' devices. Server-side technologies like PHP and MySQL that run on web servers are also introduced. The document concludes by discussing considerations for building a website like purpose, hosting, and an oversimplified process of strategy, design, development and launch.

Uploaded by

Alfredo Sanchez Jr
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views

Lecture2-Intro To Web

This document provides an introduction to web concepts and technologies. It discusses what to expect from the course, how the web works by explaining the client-server model and domain name system. It also covers client-side technologies like browsers, HTML, CSS and JavaScript that run on users' devices. Server-side technologies like PHP and MySQL that run on web servers are also introduced. The document concludes by discussing considerations for building a website like purpose, hosting, and an oversimplified process of strategy, design, development and launch.

Uploaded by

Alfredo Sanchez Jr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Web Concepts
& Technologies
What to Expect
This is an introduction to a very broad topic

This should give you a sense of what you will learn in this course

Try to figure out what you want to know more about

I don't know everything, and neither will you

Have fun! (and ask lots of questions)


What is the World Wide Web
How Does the Web Work
1. You type an address(URL) in a browser address bar
How Does the Web Work
2. Your computer(client) performs a DNS lookup

- Each website has a unique code, called an IP address, like a phone number.
- DNS, or Domain Name Servers, are like phone books.
- The DNS servers will connect you to the right server.

www.fsu.edu

DNS
Server
146.201.111.62
How Does the Web Work
3. Your computer uses the IP address to find the web server and requests a page.

Request
Protocol Folder

http://www.fsu.edu/students/index.html
Domain Name of File Name
Web Server
How Does the Web Work
4. The server processes your request and responds:

- The requested document is unavailable


- Redirect the client to another web page
- Respond with content from a file
- Run a program that decides what content to respond with

The response typically includes some HTML and CSS with some Javascript and
potentially some media files.
How Does the Web Work
5. Your browser displays the page by interpreting the response code and
assembling different files. Each browser may do this slightly differently.
Client-Side Server-Side
Stuff happening on your Requests being fulfilled
computer independently by a server
of the server
DNS,API,CMS ...
Browser,HTML,CSS ....
Also called back-end
Also called front-end
Client-Side Technology
Browsers
HTML
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a special type of computer language called a
markup language designed to specify the content and structure of web pages (also
called documents) in a portable manner.

HTML5, is the latest version of HTML.


Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Although HTML5 provides some capabilities for controlling a document’s
presentation, it’s better not to mix presentation with content.

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are used to specify the presentation, or styling, of
elements on a web page (e.g., fonts, spacing, sizes, colors, positioning).

CSS was designed to style portable web pages independently of their content and
structure. By separating page styling from page content and structure, you can
easily change the look and feel of the pages on an entire website, or a portion of a
website, simply by swapping out one style sheet for another.

CSS3 is the current version of CSS under development.


Javascript
JavaScript helps you build dynamic web pages (i.e., pages that can be modified “on
the fly” in response to events, such as user input, time changes and more) and
computer applications.

JavaScript is a portable scripting language. Programs written in JavaScript can run in


web browsers across a wide range of devices.
Server-Side Technology
PHP
PHP is a server-side scripting language specifically designed for Web applications

A requested document that includes PHP code is preprocessed to interpret the PHP
code and insert its output into the HTML document. The browser never sees the
embedded PHP code and is not aware that a requested document originally included
such code.

PHP provides support for many database management systems.


MYSQL
MYSQL is an open-source relational database management system

Relational database management systems are primarily used to store data


organized into one or more tables (or "relations") of columns and rows, with a
unique key identifying each row

MYSQL uses SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and maintaining the
database.
Building a Website
Considerations before building
● What is the purpose of the site?
● Domain name registration
● Hosting (choices may depend on supported server-side tech)
● Whether to build it yourself or hire someone
Building a Website(Over-simplified)
● Strategy is defined (Who is the audience? What are you giving them?)
● User Experience (UX) & Information Architecture are designed (How will the
user do the tasks we want them to do?)
● Beautiful, on-strategy designs are crafted
● Development ensues
● Quality Assurance (QA) Testing is completed
● The website is launched

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