TECHNICAL ISO/TS

SPECIFICATION 27469

First edition
2010-02-01

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas

industries — Method of test for fire
dampers
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Méthode
d'essai des clapets coupe-feu

Reference number
ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

© ISO 2010
ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references............................................................................................................................1
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................2
4 Testing ....................................................................................................................................................3
5 Blast pressure......................................................................................................................................13
Bibliography......................................................................................................................................................17

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:

⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;

⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.

An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO/TS 27469 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing
equipment and systems.

iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Introduction
The purpose of this International Technical Specification is to enable evaluation of the ability of a fire damper
installation to maintain the integrity of fire rated barriers. Typical fire barrier ratings are given in
ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5.

The following performance criteria are evaluated by this Technical Specification:

a) fire integrity and insulation: to limit/control the spread of radiated and conducted heat at the protected side
of a fire damper installation; it is necessary to determine the distance from the damper’s blades, in free air
or along a duct, where temperatures do not exceed requirements;

b) ability to provide protection from both hydrocarbon pool fires and jet fires;

c) leakage past closed blades;

d) ability to withstand overpressure that can arise from an explosion.

This Technical Specification is based on the use of existing approved fire research and testing facilities.
Specially constructed facilities can be required for testing blast pressure withstand capability. It is important
that test dampers be installed in a manner that represents their design installation.

In carrying out the tests described in this Technical Specification, it is necessary to refer to other standards
connected with the fire-testing of materials and application in the petroleum and natural gas industries. The
test methods simulate thermal and overpressure conditions that can result from fire and explosion. The
conditions in a real incident can be different, so the test results and resultant damper designations do not
guarantee safety but can be used as elements of a fire and explosion risk assessment that takes into account
all other pertinent factors.

NOTE It is planned to determine some aspects of this Technical Specification during the development and testing
stage.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Method

of test for fire dampers

CAUTION - Attention is drawn to the fact that fire testing is hazardous and that there is a possibility
that toxic fumes, smoke and/or gases can be evolved during tests. Mechanical and operational
hazards can also occur during construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and
disposal of test residues.

It is essential that an assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health be made and safety
precautions identified and provided, including appropriate training to relevant personnel.

1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies a method for determining the following:

a) ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to prevent the spread of fire and heat through
designated fire divisions; typical ratings are given in ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5.

b) fire damper operational reliability in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, particularly
offshore installations;

NOTE It is planned to determine the methodology during the testing and development phase.

c) ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to withstand blast overpressures that may result
from the explosion of a flammable gas.

This Technical Specification applies to different start-up operations for different types of furnace and, therefore,
tolerances in test conditions at the beginning of the test are not described in detail. The fire test enables only a
limited assessment of the actuating mechanism being carried out and additional tests can be necessary to
fully evaluate its operational reliability.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements

ISO 13702:1999, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on
offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines

ISO 15138, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Heating, ventilation
and air-conditioning

ISO 22899-1:2007, Determination of the resistance to jet fires of passive fire protection materials — Part 1:
General requirements

EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General requirements

EN 1363-2:1999, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
fire damper
mechanical device designed to close off an air duct or aperture and prevent the passage of fire

3.2
connecting duct
duct section between the fire damper and supporting construction

3.3
extension duct
duct section on the unexposed side of the fire damper and on which the test temperature sensors are located

3.4
test specimen
fire damper, connecting duct, extension duct, insulation and (as applicable) the perimeter penetration sealing
system

3.5
test construction
complete assembly of the test specimen and the supporting construction

3.6
fire-damper actuating mechanism
mechanism, integral or directly associated with the fire damper that when initiated by the thermal release
device, causes the movable components of the damper to change from the “open” to the “closed” position

3.7
thermal release mechanism
thermally actuated device designed to respond to a rise in temperature and release the fire-damper actuating
mechanism/blades at a predetermined temperature

NOTE It can interface with mechanically, electrically, electronically, or pneumatically operated mechanisms that are
positioned integrally or remotely from the device

3.8
pool fire
combustion of flammable or combustible hydrocarbon liquid spilled and retained on the surface

3.9
jet fire
ignited discharge of flammable material under pressure

3.10
exposed
facing the fire

3.11
unexposed
facing away from the fire

2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

4 Testing

4.1 Test types

The following different types of test shall be required:

a) hydrocarbon pool fire;

b) jet fire;

NOTE Procedure details will be defined during the development and testing stage.

c) blast pressure.

4.2 Hydrocarbon pool fire test

4.2.1 General test procedure

The test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 834-1, except where amended by this Technical
Specification. The time-temperature curve shall be in accordance with EN 1363-2:1999, 4.1 and Figure 1.

4.2.2 Test environment

The test shall be carried out in an environment in which the effects of weather do not significantly affect the
test. The test specimen should be shielded from the effects of a high wind and testing should not be carried
out if wind speed in the immediate vicinity exceeds 3 m/s. The ambient temperature range for the test is
−10 °C to +40 °C.

4.2.3 Specimen mounting

The test specimen comprised of the damper assembly, ducting sections and supporting structure shall be
constructed in accordance with an approved “H” rating design and insulated to a H120 rating on the stiffened
external face of the furnace. Vertical and horizontal arrangements should be of similar construction. The fire
damper should be fixed in position in the same manner as intended for a design installation and should be as
close to the fire barrier division as possible. Extension ducts and insulation shall be provided as required to
meet thermal performance criteria and to enable measurement of temperatures arising from radiated,
conducted and convected heat on the unexposed side of the fire damper. Typical arrangements are shown in
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 3

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing

Figure 1 — Fire damper installed inside the furnace

4 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing

Figure 2 — Fire damper installed outside the furnace

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 5

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing

Figure 3 — Horizontal fire damper installed inside the furnace

6 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing

Figure 4 — Horizontal fire damper installed outside the furnace

4.2.4 Fire damper sizes and orientation

Fire dampers of the following sizes should be tested:

a) maximum size: the maximum that can be accommodated by the test facilities or the maximum size
available for the type of damper being tested;

b) minimum size: the smallest version of the type of fire damper being tested.

Fire dampers shall be tested in both the horizontal and vertical orientations indicated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 7

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

4.2.5 Fire dampers installed onto a steel structural opening

A test result obtained for a fire damper installed within a structural opening is only applicable to fire dampers
installed in the same orientation as that tested.

4.2.6 Test instruments

4.2.6.1 Test specimen temperature sensors

For each test specimen, temperature sensors should be in accordance with EN 1363-1 and fixed to surfaces
at the following locations and as indicated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4:

⎯ on the surface of the extension-duct insulation at a distance of 25 mm from the unexposed face of the
division;

⎯ on the surface of the extension duct at a distance of 25 mm from where the insulation terminates;

⎯ along the insulated length of the extension duct to record the conducted temperature.

4.2.6.2 Furnace thermocouples

The positions of unexposed surface thermocouples shall be in accordance with ISO 834-1.

4.2.6.3 Furnace pressure

The position of the furnace pressure-measuring probe to measure the difference in pressure between inside
and outside (ambient) the furnace shall be in accordance with EN 1363-1.

4.2.7 Test procedure

Connect all instrumentation, set the fire damper into its open position and ignite the furnace. Then use either a
local or simulated remote signal to close the damper. The time to close by means of a simulated signal shall
be determined during preliminary testing.

Start the timing device and switch on all measuring devices. The test shall be deemed to have commenced at
this time.

Carry out the following during the test.

a) Control and record the furnace temperature and pressure. The furnace pressure at the horizontal
centre-line of a vertical fire damper shall be maintained at 20 Pa ± 3 Pa;

b) Record the temperature on the external surface of the connecting and extension ducts at the locations
specified in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.

c) Observe whether any gaps develop at the junction between the supporting construction and the
connecting duct. Observe the effects of any such gaps and check for any sustained flaming.

d) Record, where practical, any observations of the general behaviour of the fire-damper assembly during
the test. In practice, this is limited to observations of what can be seen externally, which can be restricted
for tests where the fire damper is inside the furnace.

8 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

4.3 Jet fire test

4.3.1 Test conditions

Heating conditions shall be in accordance with ISO 22899-1:2007, Clause 9. The fuel should be commercial
propane supplied to the specified nozzle as a vapour without a liquid fraction at a steady rate of
0,30 kg·s−1 ± 0,05 kg·s−1. The total amount of fuel used should be recorded and should be 0,3 times the
duration of test, expressed in seconds, ± 5 %. The nozzle shall be in accordance with ISO 22899-1:2007,
Clause 6.

4.3.2 Test environment

The test should be carried out in an environment in which the effects of weather do not significantly affect the
test. The specimen should be shielded from the effects of a high wind and testing should not be carried out if
wind speed in the immediate vicinity exceeds 3 ms−1.The test can be carried out in rain providing it does not
blow directly into the flame recirculation chamber. The ambient test temperature range is between −10 °C and
+40 °C.

4.3.3 Specimen mounting

The test specimen, comprised of the mounting duct and the damper assembly, shall be mounted centrally in
the flame recirculation chamber shown in Figure 5. The mounting duct cannot project beyond the front of the
flame recirculation chamber. The damper assembly can then be recessed a distance along the duct
corresponding to that of the configuration under test. The position of the jet nozzle is shown in Figure 5.

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 flame re-circulation chamber with either coated inner surfaces or with the rear face replaced by a panel to form the
test construction
2 jet nozzle
3 supports
4 protective chamber

Figure 5 — Position of the jet nozzle

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 9

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

The jet-fire flame recirculation and protective chambers into which the duct and damper test specimen shall be
mounted in accordance with those given in ISO 22899-1:2007.

4.3.4 Fire damper sizes

The maximum size of test fire damper shall be 1 100 mm × 1 100 mm. If the fire damper type is available in
larger sizes, the test damper shall include the key features of the full-size damper.

The side, top and bottom walls of the flame re-circulation chamber shall be protected by insulation or other
suitable passive fire protection material.

4.3.5 Test procedure

The following apply.

a) The sponsor determines the test duration, which may be changed during the test depending on how the
specimen performs.

b) The sponsor shall provide the specimen for the test in a condition representative of its design application.

c) Measure the environmental conditions immediately before the test and record any significant changes
during the test. Measurements taken shall include ambient temperature and, for tests conducted outdoors,
wind speed and direction, and whether there is any precipitation.

d) The test shall commence when the jet fire first impinges on the specimen. Recordings shall be made of
time, fuel flow rate, temperature and pressure. Readings of the instruments shall be taken at least once
every 30 s. The test shall continue until either the time or the temperature selected prior to the test is
exceeded.

e) Record any observations of the behaviour and appearance of the test specimen during the test and after
the jet fire is extinguished. This should include any details of damper deformation and continuation of
flaming.

f) Make continuous visual records of the test.

4.3.6 Recorded temperatures

The temperature-time profiles at each measurement position should be used to determine the maximum
temperature reached at each position during the test. The mean substrate temperature shall not be used in
the evaluation because the jet fire is not applied uniformly over the specimen. The position and time of any
sudden increase in the rate of temperature rise, if any, should be recorded because it can indicate possible
failure of the system/assembly at that point.

4.4 Performance evaluation

4.4.1 Use of test results

It is not the purpose of this Technical Specification to provide guidance on the acceptability of a particular
assembly. The acceptance process should be left to the appropriate authority, whether regulatory or advisory,
which takes into consideration the proposed usage and safety requirements. The method specified has been
designed to simulate some of the conditions that occur in a jet fire but these might not be the same as those
for a particular incident. The results of this test do not guarantee safety but may be used as elements of a fire-
risk assessment that takes account of all pertinent factors.

The main criterion of performance is the minimum time required to reach the critical temperature associated
with the fire barrier requirements. Factors in 4.4.2 to 4.4.5 should also be considered when assessing
performance.

10 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

4.4.2 Integrity

The integrity around the perimeter and internal face of the fire damper shall be judged in accordance with the
following criteria.

⎯ There should be no flaming on the exposed face.

NOTE It is planned to determine the methodology during the testing and development phase.

⎯ It should not be possible to insert gap gauges into any opening in the specimen.

⎯ There should be no penetration of flames or hot gasses through any cracks, holes or breeches in joints.

⎯ The condition of any flexible material (e.g. insulation) and fixings should be evaluated.

The result of the fire test shall be stated in terms of the time elapsed, to the whole minute, from the
commencement of heating to the time when the fire damper failed to conform to the criteria for integrity,
insulation or leakage, or the termination of the heating, whichever is the shortest.

4.4.3 Loss of integrity

The amount of penetration and condition of the method of fixing may be evaluated in terms of

a) evidence of the passage of flames through the system or the fixing system being ineffective;

b) evidence of the passage of hot gases/smoke through the system with the fixing system being effective;

c) no passage of hot gases through the system and with the fixing system being effective.

If the temperature criterion is met, then a specimen meeting criterion c) clearly provides a wider safety margin
than a specimen meeting criterion a). A statement of the criterion that is most appropriate should be included
in the report.

4.4.4 Critical temperature

The critical temperature, Tcritical, is the maximum acceptable temperature at the unexposed side of a fire-
damper installation before either the fire barrier criterion is exceeded or other system failure is likely to occur.
Examples of typical critical temperatures are given in ISO 13702:1999, Annex C. For fire barriers, the critical
temperature is typically a rise of 140 °C but for other situations the critical temperature may be the
temperature at which a safety-critical piece of equipment can fail. In practice, the critical temperature is treated
as a temperature rise above the initial substrate temperature. A 5 °C temperature tolerance, Ttolerance, is
acceptable in measuring the temperature rise.

4.4.5 Fire resistance duration

The fire-resistance duration of a fire damper is the time from the start of the test to when the temperature
criterion is exceeded. The period of resistance should be rounded down to the nearest 5 min. The most
common periods of resistance used for fire barriers are 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min. Other
increments may be used.

4.4.6 Test report

The test report shall be in accordance with EN 1363-1 with the following additions:

a) details of the distance from the exposed face of the supporting construction to the centreline of the plane
of operation of the fire damper, with a clear statement as to whether that distance is in the direction of the
furnace or away from it;

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 11

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

details of insulation and dimensions of the extension duct;

description of the method and materials used to seal the fire damper into the test construction;

description of the partition used for the test, including its thickness and density;

record of the following temperatures obtained from the tests:

⎯ temperature at the exit of the extension duct,

⎯ temperature along the length of the duct;

b) time at which the fire damper closed after the start of the test and the test duration;

c) any observations which were made during the course of the test, particularly with respect to the loss of
integrity at the joints between the fire damper and its connecting duct and between the fire damper
assembly and its supporting construction.

4.5 Fire damper classification

4.5.1 Fire designation

Fire designations shall be in accordance with ISO 13702, which refers to cellulosic fires (CF), hydrocarbon
pool fires (HC) and jet fires (JF). Some fire scenarios may be comprised of both a jet fire and a hydrocarbon
pool fire.

If it is not feasible to perform combined jet-fire and furnace tests on the same specimen, the classification shall
be based on the results of the separate tests with reference to the type of fire and tested duration. Hence, for
a fire barrier with a critical temperature rise of 140 °C that is required to withstand a 15 min jet fire followed by
a 30 min hydrocarbon pool fire, the rating would be as follows:

(JF + HC) / Fire barrier / 140 °C / (15JF + 30HC)

Where necessary an optional classification may be made for the intended use. The classification should be
related to the type of application and based on the maximum temperature rise observed during the test and
the period of exposure to the jet fire. The procedure used is based on that proposed in ISO 13702:1999.

4.5.2 Example of application of the rating

The following example illustrates the classification procedure for jet-fire capability for a fire barrier with a
critical temperature rise of 140 °C and minimum time of 60 min.

⎯ Test criterion specified in terms of

critical temperature rise: Tcritical = 140 °C;

⎯ Average initial substrate temperature: Tinitial = 10 °C;

⎯ Temperature measurement tolerance: Ttolerance = 5 °C;

⎯ Allowable actual substrate temperature: Tambient + Tcritical + Ttolerance = (10 + 140 + 5) °C = 155 °C;

⎯ Time to reach 155 °C: 57,5 min;

⎯ Fire rating: 55 minutes (rounded down to nearest 5 min);

⎯ Rating: JF / Fire barrier / 140 °C / 55 min.

12 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

5 Blast pressure

5.1 Blast pressure test

The purpose of the blast pressure test is to establish the level of overpressure that the damper is capable of
withstanding in the closed position without impairment to its fire barrier function. A fire damper’s blast pressure
withstand capability should not be confused with the functions necessary to provide blast protection, for which
a different type of damper is required.

The pressure load can be tested in steady state conditions or in dynamic conditions resembling a triangular
pressure pulse of minimum 300 ms duration, see Figure 6. A typical gas explosion pressure wave will have a
duration of 100 ms to 300 ms. For a steady state test the test pressure shall be maintained for a minimum of
1 second (1 s).

Key
X time, expressed in milliseconds
Y pressure, expressed in kilopascals (bar)

Figure 6 — Design explosion pulse of duration To (To/2 + To/2 = To)

A fire damper’s blast pressure rating is the maximum overpressure to which it can be subjected without losing
its ability to provide protection as a fire barrier. It is recommended that dampers should be classified as
follows:

⎯ Class 1: Blast pressure class 20 kPa (0,2 bar);

⎯ Class 2: Blast pressure class 30 kPa (0,3 bar);

⎯ Class 3: Blast pressure class 40 kPa (0,4 bar).

Gas dampers shall also be leakage tested in accordance with ISO 15138.

5.2 Design blast pressure

The design pressure can be significantly higher than the side-on pressure depending on the orientation of the
opening; see Figure 7. Dampers are normally mounted inside a duct or an air intake. Normally, intake volumes
are too small to provide a pressure damping effect due to the long duration of the blast pulse (typically 100 ms
to 300 ms). The reflection effects at a closed damper can, therefore, be considerable. As a rule-of-thumb, the
design blast pressure should be 1,5 times (50 % higher) than the local blast pressure if detailed simulations do
not indicate otherwise. For openings facing the blast wave directly, the design blast pressure should be
increased another 50 %, i.e. approximately 2 times the local blast pressure.

Reference is made to NORSOK Z-013:2001, Annex G.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 13

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Key
1 blast wave
2 building
3 reflected blast
4 diffracted blast

a P/Pside-on = 2.
b P/Pside-on = 1,4.
c P/Pside-on = 0,7.

Figure 7 — Blast reflections towards a building

14 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

5.3 Possible test arrangement

A typical testing arrangement is shown in Figure 8.

Key
1 compression chamber
2 feed pipe
3 flap valve
4 pressure sensor
5 covering plate
6 fire damper

Figure 8 — Typical blast pressure testing arrangement

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 15

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

A typical pressure-time curve indicating a 28 kPa triangular blast pressure for a minimum 300 ms duration is
shown in Figure 9. If the leakage requirements are fulfilled, this damper should be assigned to class 20 kPa.

Key
X time, expressed in milliseconds
Y1 pressure, expressed in kilopascals
Y2 pressure, expressed in millibar

Figure 9 — Typical pressure-time curve of a minimum 28 kPa triangular blast pressure

of longer than 300 ms duration

16 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

Bibliography

[1] NORSOK Z-013:2001, Risk and emergency preparedness analysis

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 17

ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)

ICS 75.180.10
Price based on 17 pages

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved