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    Activity 4

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    R Jay Lagdamin
    DNA is the blueprint of life found in the nucleus of cells. It has a double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases bonding between strands. DNA contains genes that code for traits and is replicated for cell division. When DNA is replicated, the double helix unwinds and each strand acts as a template to make a new complementary strand.

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    Activity 4

    Uploaded by

    R Jay Lagdamin
    27 views6 pages
    DNA is the blueprint of life found in the nucleus of cells. It has a double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases bonding between strands. DNA contains genes that code for traits and is replicated for cell division. When DNA is replicated, the double helix unwinds and each strand acts as a template to make a new complementary strand.

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    DNA is the blueprint of life found in the nucleus of cells. It has a double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases bonding between strands. DNA contains genes that code for traits and is replicated for cell division. When DNA is replicated, the double helix unwinds and each strand acts as a template to make a new complementary strand.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    27 views6 pages

    Activity 4

    Uploaded by

    R Jay Lagdamin
    DNA is the blueprint of life found in the nucleus of cells. It has a double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases bonding between strands. DNA contains genes that code for traits and is replicated for cell division. When DNA is replicated, the double helix unwinds and each strand acts as a template to make a new complementary strand.

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    Name: Score:

    Course & Section: Date:

    Activity #4: What is DNA?


    Objectives:
    At the end of this activity, students will be able to
    a. describe the structure of DNA, and
    b. explain the significance of DNA replication.
    Key terms: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), Nucleotide, double helix, adenine, thymine, cytosine,
    guanine, genetics, gene, chromosomes, replication, Mitosis Meiosis
    Introduction:
    The nucleus is a small spherical, dense body in a cell. It is called the “control center”
    because it controls all the activities of all cell. Chromosomes, found in the nucleus, are
    microscopic, threadlike strands composed of the chemical DNA (short for deoxyribonucleic
    acid).
    Chromosomes are composed of genes, which is a segment of DNA that codes for a
    particular protein which in turn codes for a trait. It is commonly referred to as the gene for
    baldness or the gene for blue eyes.
    In the 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick established the structure of DNA. The
    shape of DNA is a double helix, which is like a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made
    of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules. The sugar is deoxyribose. Color all the phosphates
    red (labeled with a “p”). Color all the deoxyribose blue (labeled with a “D”).
    The rungs of the ladder are pairs of 4 types of nitrogen bases. The bases are known by
    their coded letters A, G, T, C. These bases always bond in a certain way. Adenine will only bond
    to thymine. Guanine will only bond with cytosine. The bases can occur in any order along a
    strand of DNA. The order of these bases is the code that contains the instructions. For instance
    ATGCGCATAT would code for a different gene than CGATCGCGAT. A strand of DNA
    contains millions of bases.
    Color the thymine’s
    orange
    Color the adenines green
    Color the guanines
    purple
    Color the cytosine
    yellow
    The Blueprint of Life
    Every cell in your body has the same “blueprint” or the same DNA. Like the blueprints of
    a house tell the builders how to construct a house, the DNA “blueprint” tells the cell how to build
    the organism. Yet, how can a heart be so different from a brain if all the cells contain the same
    instructions? Although much work remains in genetics, it has become apparent that a cell has the
    ability to turn off most genes and only work with the genes necessary to do a job. The DNA
    apparently is nonsense and codes for nothing. These regions of DNA that do not code for
    proteins are called “introns”, or sometimes “junk DNA”. The sections of DNA that do actually
    code from proteins are called “exons”.
    INSTRUCTIONS: Color the images.
    DNA—the Double Helix
    All living things which contains
    I. What is DNA?
    Stands for:
    Functions: 1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    II. Scientists discovers the DNA
    III. Structure of DNA
    Shape
    Side Pieces 1.

    2.
    Steps in the Ladder Name:
    a.
    b.
    c.
    d.
    How do the nitrogen bases fit together?

    A-T contains C-G Contains

    The Three Part Name:


    Unit
    Held Together By: One Complete Turn is

    Drawing

    IV. Where is DNA located?


    Chromosomes Draw an image of what chromosomes look
    like:

    Chromosomes and complexity:


    # of chromosomes in BODY CELLS (humans) # of chromosomes in SEX CELLS
    (humans)

    Male chromosomes arrangement:


    Female Chromosomes arrangement:

    Genes Drawing Example

    Traits Drawing/Example

    V. Making Copies of DNA


    Purpose
    1.
    Process of
    2.
    Replicatuion
    3.
    4.
    Definition Possible causes of mutations

    Mutation

    Examples of mutations:

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