Lecture File 1

NURSING PROCESS
IN THE CARE OF
THE POPULATION
GROUPS AND
COMMUNITY
Prepared by: Sarah Grace L.

Santocildes, RN, SCHFS, MN
F. Monitoring and Evaluating Community
Health Programs Implemented
* Monitoring
Monitoring in community health nursing

involves the systematic observation and
assessment of health status, behaviors, and
environmental factors. It focuses on collecting
data, analyzing trends, and evaluating the
effectiveness of interventions. This helps in
identifying changes in health status, detecting
potential health risks, and tracking the progress
of health promotion and disease prevention
activities.
The purpose of monitoring in
community health nursing is to:
1. Detect deviations from normal health patterns: By
regularly monitoring individuals, families, and
communities, community health nurses can identify
any changes or deviations from normal health patterns.
This allows for early detection of potential health
issues or risks.
2. Identify emerging health issues: Monitoring helps in
identifying emerging health issues within the
community. By tracking health trends and patterns,
community health nurses can recognize and respond to
new or increasing health concerns promptly.
3. Plan appropriate interventions: Monitoring provides
valuable data that helps community health nurses plan and
implement appropriate interventions. By understanding the
health needs and risks of the community, nurses can
develop targeted strategies to promote health, prevent
diseases, and address specific health issues.
4* Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions: Monitoring

allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of
interventions and programs implemented by community
health nurses. *By tracking outcomes and analyzing data,
nurses can assess the impact of their interventions and
make necessary adjustments for improvement.
Overall, monitoring plays a crucial role in promoting health,

preventing diseases, and improving the well-being of
individuals and communities. It helps community health
nurses make informed decisions and provide evidence-
based care.
• In community health nursing, monitoring
plays a crucial role in ensuring the
delivery of high-quality care and
achieving positive health outcomes. It
helps identify gaps in healthcare
delivery, assess the impact of
interventions, and make informed
decisions for improving health services.
• Monitoring involves the regular

collection of data, such as health
indicators, patient outcomes, and
program performance, to monitor
trends, identify areas for improvement,
and guide evidence-based practice.
Community health nurses use various methods
for monitoring including data collection through
*surveys
❑Monitoring also involves ongoing
*interviews communication and collaboration
*observations with
*health records • healthcare teams,
❑They analyze the collected • community members,
data to identify patterns, • and stakeholders to ensure the
trends, and areas of concern. continuous improvement of
healthcare services and address
emerging health needs.
• Overall, monitoring in
community health nursing is a
vital process that helps assess
the effectiveness and impact
of healthcare interventions,
ensures accountability, and
supports evidence-based
decision-making for
promoting the health and
well-being of individuals and
communities.
EVALUATION
* Evaluation in community health nursing

refers to the systematic and ongoing process
of assessing the effectiveness and outcomes
of nursing interventions and programs in the
community. It involves gathering data,
analyzing information, and making
judgments about the quality and impact of
the nursing care provided. The purpose of
evaluation is to determine whether the
desired goals and objectives of community
health nursing have been achieved, and to
identify areas for improvement. It helps in
measuring the effectiveness of interventions,
identifying gaps in care, and making
evidence-based decisions to enhance the
health outcomes of the community.
1.DESIGNING AND
IMPLEMENTING
EVALUATION PLAN
MONITORING AND
EVALUATION
Designing and Implementing
Evaluation Plan and
Monitoring Evaluation
Tools/Instruments for evaluating

outcomes of nursing
interventions:
➢ Thermometer
➢ BP app/stethoscope
➢ Weighing scale
➢ Tape measure
➢ Checklist – post CVA patient
➢ Interview –related to client’s
condition
In community health nursing, there are several
types of evaluation that can be utilized. These
include:
• 1. Formative Evaluation: This type of evaluation is conducted during the
planning and implementation stages of a program or intervention. It focuses
on gathering feedback and information to make improvements and
adjustments to the program as it progresses.
• 2. Summative Evaluation: Summative evaluation is conducted at the end of a

program or intervention to assess its overall effectiveness and outcomes. It
aims to determine whether the program achieved its intended goals and
objectives.
• Scenario: You are a community health
nurse working in a rural community. As
part of a maternal and child health
program, you have implemented a
breastfeeding support group to promote
and support breastfeeding among new
mothers in the community.
* Formative Evaluation Example: To

conduct a formative evaluation of the
breastfeeding support group, you decide
to gather feedback from the participants
and make necessary adjustments to
improve the program.
EXAMPLE OF SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
• To conduct a summative evaluation of

the smoking cessation program, the
most appropriate step for the nursing
team is to conduct surveys to measure
changes in smoking behavior and
attitudes among program participants.
This will provide valuable data on the
effectiveness of the program in helping
individuals quit smoking and assess any
DOH Strengthens its smoking Cessation
changes in their attitudes towards Program through ‘Quitlline’
smoking. Surveys allow for the collection
of quantitative and qualitative data,
providing insights into the outcomes and
impact of the program.
STEPS OF PROGRAM
EVALUATION
The steps of program evaluation in community
health nursing typically involve the following:
* 1. Planning: Define the purpose

and objectives of the program
evaluation. Identify the key
stakeholders involved and clarify
their roles. Determine the
evaluation questions and develop
a detailed evaluation plan,
including the methods, data
collection tools, and timeline.
• 2. Data Collection: Collect
relevant data to assess the
program's effectiveness and
impact. This may involve using
various methods such as surveys,
interviews, observations, and
reviewing existing records or
documents. Ensure that data
collection methods align with
the evaluation questions and
objectives.
* 3. Data Analysis: Analyze the
collected data to derive
meaningful insights and draw
conclusions. Use appropriate
statistical or qualitative
analysis techniques to interpret
the data and identify patterns,
trends, strengths, weaknesses,
and areas for improvement.
• 4. Interpretation and Reporting:
Interpret the findings of the
evaluation and communicate them
effectively to stakeholders. Prepare
a comprehensive evaluation report
that includes a summary of the
evaluation process, key findings,
conclusions, and recommendations.
Present the report in a clear and
concise manner, tailored to the
needs of different stakeholders.
* 5. Utilization: Ensure that the
evaluation findings are utilized
to inform decision-making and
program improvement.
Collaborate with stakeholders to
develop action plans based on
the evaluation results.
Implement the recommended
changes and monitor their
effectiveness over time.
* 6. Feedback and Continuous
Improvement: Seek feedback from
stakeholders on the evaluation
process and outcomes. Use this
feedback to refine future
evaluations and improve the
program's design, implementation,
and evaluation strategies.
Emphasize the importance of
continuous improvement and
learning from evaluation findings.
THANK
YOU!

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NURSING PROCESS

Prepared by: Sarah Grace L.

Monitoring in community health nursing

4* Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions: Monitoring

Overall, monitoring plays a crucial role in promoting health,

• Monitoring involves the regular

* Evaluation in community health nursing

Tools/Instruments for evaluating

• 2. Summative Evaluation: Summative evaluation is conducted at the end of a

* Formative Evaluation Example: To

• To conduct a summative evaluation of

* 1. Planning: Define the purpose

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