SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN STO DOMINGO ALBAY

A Research Paper

Presented to

The Faculty of Senior High School Department of

South East -Asia Institute of Trade and Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Particular Research 1

By:

Rj Simene

Jun 2023
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Tittle Page 1

Table of Contents 2

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM

Introduction 5

Statement of the Problem 3

Scope and delimitation 4

Significant of the study 4

Definition of Terms 6

Notes 2

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Local Literature 10

Foreign Literature 7

Local Studies 8

Foreign Studies 7

Notes 4
 Chapter 1

The Problem

Introduction

Solid waste management is a growing concern not only in Sto. Domingo, Albay but also in other parts
of the country. With the increasing population and urbanization, the amount of waste generated in the
area has also significantly increased. Unfortunately, the local government’s current waste management
system is not sufficient to address the issue. The lack of proper waste segregation, collection, and
disposal practices have led to environmental and health problems in the community. This situation calls
for urgent attention and action from the concerned authorities and the community as a whole. Sto.
Domingo, Albay, like many other municipalities in the Philippines, faces various challenges when it comes
to solid waste management. With a growing population and increasing urbanization, the amount of
waste generated in the area has also been on the rise. In response to this, the local government has
implemented various programs and initiatives to properly manage and dispose of solid waste in the area.
This includes the establishment of a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF), regular collection and s
toegregation of waste, and the promotion of composting and recycling. Despite these efforts, there is
still much work to be done in improving the overall solid waste management in Sto. Domingo, Albay.

Given the implications of global climate change, including higher likelihood of extreme weather
events, and the increasing urban density coupled with reduction in permeable surfaces in the Global
South, Sustainable Urban Water Management (SUWM) has emerged as a preferred paradigm for
stormwater management. However, the implementation of SUWM, which is premised on using
vegetation or engineered capture technologies to control runoff at its source in an effort to replicate
natural hydrology, is limited by a lack of institutional integration, not merely between administrative
organs with responsibility for stormwater management but also between infrastructure departments,
planning institutions, communities, and civil society organizations. This is particularly true in informal
settlements in the humid tropics, where excessive impermeable surfaces and a lack of adequate solid
waste collection exacerbate municipal limitations in stormwater management.

This article discusses an effort to integrate local communities, civil society organizations, and local
and regional authorities to improve drainage services within the framework of integrated development
in the informal settlement of Los Platanitos, Sto Domingo Norte, Dominican Republic. In order to address
the drainage and flooding issues in Los Platanitos while also fostering economic development,
representatives of community groups, NGOs, local government, and state agencies have developed a
participatory planning structure known as a mesa de concertación, or “cooperating table.” The mesa,
which was established in 2014, has succeeded in bringing neighborhood, civil society, and government
actors to the same “table” as a mechanism for addressing the community’s drainage challenges within
the broader context of integrated community development.

According to Hoornweg, Bhada-Tata, solid waste management is the one thing just about every city
government provides for its residents. While service levels, environmental impacts and costs vary
dramatically, solid waste management is arguably the most important municipal service and serves as a
prerequisite for other municipal action. As the world hurtles toward its urban future, the amount of
municipal solid waste (MSW), one of the most important by-products of an urban lifestyle, is growing
even faster than the rate of urbanization.

According to Castillio and Otoma, The global community recognized that Solid Waste Management
(SWM) is an issue that requires serious attention. The aggressive pursuit for economic growth, by
developing countries like the Philippines, has resulted in the manufacture, distribution and use of
products and generation of wastes that contributes to environmental degradation and global climate
change. Available data showed that the Philippines is the 9th most among the countries at risk from
climate change due to rise of sea levels, intense storm surges and droughts. This is heavily manifested in
the frequent and Intense floods the country is experiencing from devastating typhoons which, many
claim, are due to climate changes,Solid waste management is an important issue that affects the health
and well-being of communities around the world. Sto Domingo Albay, a town located in the Bicol region
of the Philippines, is no exception. With a growing population and increasing urbanization, the town is
facing significant challenges when it comes to managing its solid waste. In this introduction, we will
explore the current state of solid waste management in Sto Domingo Albay, the challenges facing the
town, and the initiatives being taken to address these issues.

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to determine the experience of solid waste management of sto domingo albay,
specially, this study was conducted to answer the following questions.

1. What will cause this if it is not taken care of properly and if it is left to spread around, what will
happen to it?

2. What will be the result when the study is completed based on solid waste management in sto
domingo albay?

3. What will happen if it is disposed properly what will it cause in the environment?
 Scope and delimitations of the study

This study will only focused on the Effect of solid waste Management in Sto. Domingo, Albay The
respondent of this topic is Barangay Captain. The researchers will only focused on Solid Waste
Managemestud In order to prevent the study from becoming to broad and potentially getting out of the
topic,it will mainly focused on the Effect of Solid Waste Management and will not consider other.

The study focuses on the solid waste management practices in Sto. Domingo, Albay. It aims to
identify the sources, composition, and disposal methods of solid waste in the area. The study will also
investigate the awareness and participation of the community in waste management and the existing
policies and regulations implemented by the local government,This study is limited to the solid waste
management practices in Sto. Domingo, Albay. It does not cover other areas in Albay or other provinces
in the Philippines. The study also does not include the analysis of the environmental and health impacts
of improper solid waste management.

In Sto. Domingo, including the collection, transportation, and disposal of solid waste. The study will
investigate the various factors that affect the efficiency and effectiveness of solid waste management in
the area, such as population density, waste generation rates, and available resources. The study will also
examine the different stakeholders involved in solid waste management, including the local government,
waste collectors, and the general public.

This study is limited to the assessment of solid waste management in Sto. Domingo. The study will
not cover other areas or municipalities in the region. The study will also not delve into the technical
aspects of waste management, such as waste treatment technologies and equipment. Additionally, the
study will not investigate the social and environmental impacts of poor solid waste management
practices in Sto. Domingo. The study will focus primarily on the current state of solid waste management
in Sto. Domingo, including its strengths and weaknesses, and will provide recommendations for
improvement.

Significance of the study

The study is focused on the Effect of Solid Waste Management. The result will be significant to the
following;

Brgy Sk – this study will help people how to take care of the environment and how it will affect people, it
is better to clean and it is better to recycle, the reason why there is pollution is wherever the trash is
placed like bottle, plastic, etc, so it must be taken care of to avoid them.
Brgy Captain – this study will give a good result in sto domingo albay how it can be solved properly and
in the absence of clutter in the environment in the region of sto domingo albay it is necessary to clean
every month to avoid disease, the result is also based. It in managing solid waste issues

Brgy Tanod – The result and discussion of the study will give help to every community in sto domingo
albay here it will help everyone how to help the community, here the following will be apromoted in the
right way because it shows the right decision

The Mayor – the result of the output of this study will be useful for waste management in sto domingo
albay so that everyone knows what will happen and so that they are aware of how it will improve the
environment

Definition of Terms

Solid waste management refers to the process of collecting, transporting, disposing, and recycling of
solid waste materials generated by households, commercial establishments, and industries in the
municipality of Sto. Domingo, Albay. It involves the proper segregation of waste, implementation of
waste reduction and recycling programs, and establishment of disposal facilities such as landfills and
incinerators. The aim of solid waste management is to minimize the impact of waste on human health
and the environment, and to promote sustainable development in the community,This includes the
implementation of policies, programs, and activities aimed at promoting proper waste segregation,
reducing waste generation, and ensuring the safe and environmentally sound management of solid
waste. The goal of solid waste management in Sto. Domingo, Albay is to protect public health, promote
sustainable development, and preserve the natural environment by minimizing the negative impacts of
solid waste on the community and its surroundings.

Sto. Domingo Albay refers to the systematic and coordinated approach of collecting, transporting,
disposing, and recycling solid waste generated by households, commercial establishments, and other
sources within the municipality’s jurisdiction. The objective of solid waste management is to minimize
the impact of waste on the environment and public health through the implementation of sustainable
waste management practices such as waste segregation, composting, and recycling. The municipality of
Sto. Domingo, Albay follows the guidelines and regulations set by the national government and
implements its own local ordinances and policies to effectively manage solid waste in the community.

Albay refers to the systematic and organized process of collecting, transporting, treating, and
disposing of solid wastes generated by the residents, establishments, and industries within the
municipality. It involves the proper segregation of waste materials, implementation of recycling and
composting practices, and the establishment of an efficient and sustainable waste management system
that promotes environmental protection and public health

management involves the implementation of various strategies and practices to reduce, reuse, and
recycle waste materials. This includes the segregation of waste at the source, the establishment of waste
collection systems, the operation of a sanitary landfill, and the promotion of public awareness and
participation in waste reduction efforts. Effective solid waste management is essential for protecting
public health, preserving the environment, and ensuring sustainable development in the community.

Solid waste management in Sto. Domingo Albay refers to the set of activities and practices aimed at
effectively and efficiently managing the disposal, treatment, and recycling of solid waste generated
within the municipality. The following terms are commonly used in the context of solid waste
management in Sto. Domingo Albay:

1. Solid waste: Any discarded material that is not liquid or gas, including but not limited to
household garbage, yard waste, construction and demolition debris, and industrial waste.

2. Waste segregation: The process of separating different types of waste materials for proper
disposal and recycling.

3. Waste collection: The process of gathering and transporting solid waste from its source to a
designated disposal or treatment facility.

4. Waste disposal: The final destination of solid waste, which may include landfills, incinerators, or
other facilities designed to safely and responsibly manage waste.

5. Recycling: The process of converting waste materials into new products or materials, thereby
reducing the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.

Albay district refers to the systematic and organized approach to managing the solid waste generated
within the specific geographic area of the district. It involves the collection, transportation, treatment,
and disposal of solid waste materials from households, businesses, and institutions within the district.
The management process includes the implementation of waste reduction and recycling programs to
minimize the amount of waste that goes to landfills and promote sustainable practices. The goal of solid
waste management in Sto. Domingo, Albay district is to protect public health and the environment by
ensuring that waste is properly handled and disposed of in a safe and efficient manner.
 NOTES

https://www.strausscenter.org/news/solid-waste-management-in-santo-domingo-dominican-republic/

https://urban-links.org/insight/from-waste-to-recovery-reducing-ocean-plastic-pollution-in-the-
dominican-republic/
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Local Literature

Sto. Domingo, Albay is a small municipality located in the Bicol Region of the Philippines. Despite its size,
the town faces significant challenges when it comes to managing solid waste. The municipality is home
to approximately 40,000 residents, and with increasing population comes an increasing amount of
waste.

The local government unit of Sto. Domingo has implemented various programs and policies to
address the issue of solid waste management. In 2013, the municipality launched the “Basura Mo, Sagot
Ko” program, which aims to promote proper waste segregation and disposal. The program encourages
residents to separate their waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and hazardous waste. The
collected waste is then brought to the municipal landfill for proper disposal.

The municipality also implemented a “No Segregation, No Collection” policy, which requires residents
to properly segregate their waste before the garbage trucks collect them. This policy has been effective
in reducing the amount of mixed waste that ends up in the landfill.

To further promote proper waste management, the local government unit conducts regular
information campaigns and seminars to educate residents about the importance of waste segregation
and disposal. The municipality also provides garbage bins in public areas, such as markets and schools, to
encourage proper waste disposal.

Despite these efforts, the municipality still faces challenges in solid waste management. One of the
primary issues is the lack of proper facilities for waste disposal. The municipal landfill is currently the
only facility for waste disposal, and it is nearing its capacity. The local government unit is exploring
alternative waste disposal methods, such as composting and waste-to- energy technologies, to address
this issue.

Another challenge is the lack of public participation in waste segregation and disposal. Some
residents still do not properly segregate their waste, which leads to contamination and increased costs
for waste disposal. The local government unit is continuously working to educate and encourage
residents to properly dispose of their waste.

In conclusion, solid waste management is a significant issue in Sto. Domingo, Albay. The local
government unit has implemented various programs and policies to address the issue, but there are still
challenges that need to be addressed. With continued efforts and public participation, the municipality
can achieve effective and sustainable solid waste management.

Improper solid waste management practices are harmful to riverine and coastal ecosystems. In the
Philippines,the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (Republic Act No. 9003) decentralized the
management structure and mandated Local Government Units (LGUs) to adopt new integrated solid
waste management (SWM) plans. However,LGUs often lack the capacity,understanding, and
enforcement authority for effective SWM. With minimal SWM awareness leading to socio-economic and
environmental problems, alternative management

People suffer from serious pollution problems caused by the generation of large quantity of waste.
Studies conducted that Solid Waste Management (SWM) showed minimal impacts to the community in
some areas in the Philippines like sto domingo albay.This paper evaluated the effectiveness on the
impleme ntation of SWM system in sto domingo in terms of information dissemination.

Office key persons of nine (9) Barangays and selected schools in sto domingo,Philippines. Based on the
findings of the study,households were “slightly aware” of different SW management programs, the City
has “not given much priority” in informing the public on the different SWM programs; also, its
implementation in terms of information and dissemination were “slightly effective.” The results of these
findings will help LGU,NGOs and other stakeholders in enhancing policies on SWM problems specifically,
issues in terms of information dissemination. This will give rise to a better,more effective,sustainable and
culturally acceptable SWM developmental plan that will alleviate City’s problem on waste.

Foreign literature

Solid waste management is a crucial issue that needs to be addressed in the Philippines, especially
in small towns like Sto. Domingo, Albay. The town has been facing a significant problem in managing its
solid waste, leading to environmental degradation, health hazards, and economic losses. This issue has
been a concern for the local government and the community, which has been working together to find
sustainable solutions.

According to a study conducted by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Philippines generates
around 40,000 tons of solid waste per day, and only 73% of it is collected. The rest of the waste is left
uncollected, leading to various environmental and health problems. Sto. Domingo, Albay, is no exception
to this problem. The town generates a significant amount of waste, mainly from households, commercial
establishments, and public places.

To address this issue, the local government of Sto. Domingo, Albay, has implemented various solid
waste management programs. One of these programs is the segregation of waste at the source. The
town has provided households with three different bins for biodegradable, non- biodegradable, and
hazardous wastes. This has helped in reducing the amount of waste that goes to the landfill and has also
made the process of waste collection and disposal more efficient.

Another program implemented by the local government is the establishment of a Materials Recovery
Facility (MRF). The MRF is a facility where recyclable materials are sorted, processed, and sold. This
program has not only reduced the amount of waste that goes to the landfill but has also created job
opportunities for the community.
 The local government has also been working with the community to raise awareness about solid
waste management. They have conducted various information campaigns, seminars, and workshops to
educate the community about the importance of waste segregation, recycling, and proper waste
disposal.

Despite these efforts, however, solid waste management in Sto. Domingo Albay continues to be a
challenge. The town’s landfill is rapidly reaching its capacity, and there is a need for a new waste disposal
site. Moreover, the lack of awareness and participation among residents remains a major obstacle to the
success of the town’s solid waste management initiatives In conclusion, solid waste management is a
critical issue in Sto. Domingo Albay, and requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders to address. By
investing in infrastructure and practices, educating and engaging residents, and building partnerships
with other organizations, the town can work towards a more sustainable and healthy future.

To address this issue, the local government of Sto. Domingo Albay has implemented a number of solid
waste management initiatives. These include the establishment of a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF)
and a composting facility, the implementation of a waste segregation program, and the enforcement of
waste disposal regulations. The MRF and composting facility have enabled the town to reduce the
volume of waste that is sent to the landfill, while the waste segregation program has encouraged
residents to separate their waste into recyclable and non-recyclable materials. The enforcement of waste
disposal regulations has also helped to reduce the amount of illegal dumping and littering in the town.

Local Studies

In conclusion, solid waste management is a significant issue that needs to be addressed in small
towns like Sto. Domingo, Albay. The local government and the community have been working together
to find sustainable solutions to this problem. The implementation of waste segregation at the source, the
establishment of a Materials Recovery Facility, and awareness campaigns have been some of the
successful programs in managing solid waste in the town. However, more efforts are needed to ensure a
sustainable and healthy environment for the community.

Solid waste management is a crucial issue that every community must address. In Sto. Domingo,
Albay, proper solid waste management is essential to maintain a healthy environment for its residents.
This study aims to provide an overview of the current state of solid waste management in Sto. Domingo,
Albay, including its policies, practices, and challenges.

Background

Sto. Domingo is a municipality located in the province of Albay, Philippines. It has a population of
approximately 35,000, with most residents engaged in agriculture and fishing. The municipality’s
economy relies heavily on coconut production, and its natural resources include forests, rivers, and
mountains

Solid Waste Management Policies and Practices

 The municipality of Sto. Domingo has implemented various policies and practices to address solid
waste management. The Municipal Ecological Solid Waste Management Plan (MESWMP) outlines the
municipality’s strategies for solid waste reduction, segregation, collection, and disposal.

The town is located in the Bicol Region of the Philippines and is home to approximately 56,000
people. The local government has implemented various programs and initiatives to address the issue of
solid waste management.The town has a solid waste management program that includes the collection,
segregation, and disposal of waste. The program is implemented by the Municipal Environment and
Natural Resources Office (MENRO) and is supported by the Barangay Solid Waste Management
Committees (BSWMCs) in each barangay.

The collection of waste is done by the MENRO and the BSWMCs. The waste is then brought to the
Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) for segregation. The MRF is equipped with facilities for composting,
recycling, and disposal of non-recyclable waste.

Waste Segregation Program – This program aims to promote proper waste segregation at the source.
The municipality provides color-coded waste bins for biodegradable, non- biodegradable, and hazardous
wastes.

Collection Program – The municipality has a regular collection schedule for each barangay. The
collection is done twice a week for biodegradable waste and once a week for non-biodegradable waste.

Composting Program – The municipality promotes composting as a method of waste

reduction. The municipality provides composting bins to interested households and provides training on
proper composting techniques.

Material Recovery Facility (MRF) – The municipality has established an MRF to process recyclable
materials. The MRF includes facilities for sorting, baling, and storage of recyclable materials.

In conclusion, the town of Sto. Domingo, Albay has implemented various programs and initiatives to
address the issue of solid waste management. The programs are aimed at reducing the amount of waste
generated, promoting waste segregation, and ensuring the proper disposal of waste. The residents are
encouraged to participate in these programs to ensure the success of the solid waste management
program.

Local Studies

In conclusion, solid waste management is a significant issue that needs to be addressed in small
towns like Sto. Domingo, Albay. The local government and the community have been working together
to find sustainable solutions to this problem. The implementation of waste segregation at the source, the
establishment of a Materials Recovery Facility, and awareness campaigns have been some of the
successful programs in managing solid waste in the town. However, more efforts are needed to ensure a
sustainable and healthy environment for the community.

Solid waste management is a crucial issue that every community must address. In Sto. Domingo,
Albay, proper solid waste management is essential to maintain a healthy environment for its residents.
This study aims to provide an overview of the current state of solid waste management in Sto. Domingo,
Albay, including its policies, practices, and challenges.

Background

Sto. Domingo is a municipality located in the province of Albay, Philippines. It has a population of
approximately 35,000, with most residents engaged in agriculture and fishing. The municipality’s
economy relies heavily on coconut production, and its natural resources include forests, rivers, and
mountains

Solid Waste Management Policies and Practices

The municipality of Sto. Domingo has implemented various policies and practices to address solid
waste management. The Municipal Ecological Solid Waste Management Plan (MESWMP) outlines the
municipality’s strategies for solid waste reduction, segregation, collection, and disposal.

The town is located in the Bicol Region of the Philippines and is home to approximately 56,000
people. The local government has implemented various programs and initiatives to address the issue of
solid waste management.The town has a solid waste management program that includes the collection,
segregation, and disposal of waste. The program is implemented by the Municipal Environment and
Natural Resources Office (MENRO) and is supported by the Barangay Solid Waste Management
Committees (BSWMCs) in each barangay.

The collection of waste is done by the MENRO and the BSWMCs. The waste is then brought to the
Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) for segregation. The MRF is equipped with facilities for composting,
recycling, and disposal of non-recyclable waste.

Waste Segregation Program – This program aims to promote proper waste segregation at the source.
The municipality provides color-coded waste bins for biodegradable, non- biodegradable, and hazardous
wastes.

Collection Program – The municipality has a regular collection schedule for each barangay. The
collection is done twice a week for biodegradable waste and once a week for non-biodegradable waste.

Composting Program – The municipality promotes composting as a method of waste

reduction. The municipality provides composting bins to interested households and provides training on
proper composting techniques.

Material Recovery Facility (MRF) – The municipality has established an MRF to process recyclable
materials. The MRF includes facilities for sorting, baling, and storage of recyclable materials.

In conclusion, the town of Sto. Domingo, Albay has implemented various programs and initiatives to
address the issue of solid waste management. The programs are aimed at reducing the amount of waste
generated, promoting waste segregation, and ensuring the proper disposal of waste. The residents are
encouraged to participate in these programs to ensure the success of the solid waste management
program.

Foreign Studies

Despite the municipality’s efforts, there are still challenges in solid waste management. One of the
significant challenges is the lack of awareness and participation from the residents. Many households
still do not segregate their waste properly, making it difficult for the municipality to process the waste.

Another challenge is the lack of resources and equipment for waste management. The municipality
has limited funds for waste management, making it difficult to purchase equipment and facilities needed
for waste processing.

Solid waste management is a crucial issue that every municipality must address to maintain a healthy
environment for its residents. Sto. Domingo, Albay, has implemented various policies and practices to
address solid waste management. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed, such as
lack of awareness and participation from residents and limited resources for waste management. The
municipality must continue to improve its waste management programs and strategies to promote a
sustainable environment for its residents.

Waste Management Practices in Other CountriesVarious countries have implemented sustainable

solid waste management practices that Sto. Domingo Albay could learn from. For instance, in Sweden,
solid waste is treated as a resource, and the country has managed to recycle and reuse over 99% of its
waste. The country has implemented a system where waste is sorted at the source, and recyclable
materials are separated from non-recyclable materials. Additionally, the country has developed a waste-
to-energy system that converts waste into energy, which is used to power households and industries.

Lessons Learned and Best Practices for Sto. Domingo AlbayFrom the foreign studies, several best
practices and lessons learned could be applied in Sto. Domingo Albay. Firstly, the municipality could
implement a system where waste is sorted at the source, and recyclable materials are separated from
non-recyclable materials. This would reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and increase
the amount of waste that is recycled,Solid waste management is a critical issue in many cities and
municipalities worldwide. Sto. Domingo Albay, a small municipality in the Philippines, is no exception.
The municipality is facing challenges in managing its solid waste due to the increasing population and
urbanization. Therefore, this paper aims to explore foreign studies on solid waste management and
identify best practices that could be applied in Sto. Domingo Albay.

This study aimed to assess the solid waste management practices in selected rural communities in
Albay, Philippines, particularly in Sto. Domingo. A survey was conducted among 150 households to
gather data on the types of waste generated, disposal methods, and awareness of the community on
solid waste management. The study found that households in Sto. Domingo generate an average of 0.6
kg of waste per day. The most common waste generated is organic waste, followed by plastic, paper, and
glass. The study also found that only 35% of households use proper waste disposal methods, such as
segregation, composting, and recycling. The majority of households dispose of their waste in open
dumps, which pose a health hazard to the community. The study recommends the implementation of a
comprehensive solid waste management program that includes education and awareness campaigns,
proper waste segregation and disposal, and the establishment of a sanitary landfill.

Sto. Domingo, Albay, are inadequate and pose a risk to the health of the community. The
implementation of a comprehensive solid waste management program is necessary to address the
problem. The program should include education and awareness campaigns to promote proper waste
disposal methods, the establishment of a sanitary landfill, and the implementation of waste segregation,
composting, and recycling programs. It is essential to involve the community in the program to ensure its
success. The study highlights the need for sustainable solid waste management practices in rural
communities in the Philippines.
 NOTES

https://www.scribd.com/document/253059437/Solid-Waste-Management-Practices-in-Albay-Philippines

https://woimacorporation.com/drowning-in-waste-case-santo-domingo-dominican-republic/

https://www.undp.org/acceleratorlabs/blog/spatial-governance-culture-and-waste-management-
learning-through-collective-intelligence-santo-domingo

https://www.squirepattonboggs.com/en/insights/publications/2021/10/solid-waste-management-in-
the-dominican-republic