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TOPC 100
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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QUESTION 1

QUESTION
Who invented C Language?

ANSWER
Dennis Ritchie in 1972 developed a new language by inheriting the features of both BCPL and B and adding
additional features. He named the language as just C

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QUESTION 2

QUESTION
What are the features of C Langauges?

ANSWER
• In C one can write programs like that of high level languages as in COBOL, BASIC, FORTRAN etc. as well as it
permits very close interaction with the inner workings of the computer.
• It is a general purpose programming language. It is usually called system programming language but equally
suited to writing a variety of applications.
• It supports various data types
• It follows the programming style based on fundamental control flow constructions for structured programming
• Functions may be pre–defined or user defined and they may return values of basic types, structures, unions or
pointers

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QUESTION 3

QUESTION
What are the advantages of c language?

ANSWER
• Easy to write • Ability to write TSR programs
• Rich set of operators and functions that are built–in • Ability to create .COM files
• Support for bit–wise operation • Ability to create library files (.LIB)
• Flexible use of pointers • Ability to write interface programs
• Direct control over the hardware • Incorporating assembly language in C program
• Ability to access BIOS/DOS routines
• Interacting using Interrupts

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QUESTION 4

QUESTION
What is a header file?

ANSWER
Header files provide the definitions and declarations for the library functions. Thus, each header file contains the
library functions along with the necessary definitions and declarations. For example, stdio.h, math.h, stdlib.h,
string.h etc.

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QUESTION 5

QUESTION
List the different types of C tokens?

ANSWER
• Constants
• Identifiers
• Keywords
• Operators
• Special symbols
• Strings

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QUESTION 6

QUESTION
What is a constant? What are the different types of constants?

ANSWER
A constant is a value that does not change during the program execution. A constant used in C does not occupy
memory. There are five types of constants. They are:
• Integer constants
• Floating point constants
• Character constants
• String literals
• Enumeration constants

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QUESTION 7

QUESTION
What are the different types of c instructions?

ANSWER
• There are basically three types of instructions in C are :
• Type Declaration Instruction
• Arithmetic Instruction
• Control Instruction

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QUESTION 8

QUESTION
Why C is called a middle level language?

ANSWER
C combines the features of both Assembly Level Languages (Low Level Languages) and Higher Level Languages.
For this reason, C is referred to as a Middle Level Language. The feature of ALLs is that of enabling us to develop
system level programs and the features of HLLs are those of higher degree of readability and machine
independence.

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QUESTION 9

QUESTION
What is the purpose of main() function?

ANSWER
• The function main() invokes other functions within it. It is the first function to be called when the program starts
execution.
• It is the starting function.
• It returns an int value to the environment that called the program.
• Recursive call is allowed for main( ) also.
• It is a user-defined function.

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QUESTION 10

QUESTION
What is meant by type specifiers?

ANSWER
Type specifiers decide the amount of memory space occupied by a variable. In the ease of integral types; it also
explicitly states the range of values that the object can hold.

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QUESTION 11

QUESTION
What is the difference between single charater constant and string constant?

ANSWER
• A single character constant consists of only one character and it is enclosed within a pair of single quotes.
• A string constant consists of one or more characters and it is enclosed within a pair of double quotes.

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QUESTION 12

QUESTION
What is a loop?

ANSWER
A loop is a process to do a job repeatedly with possibly different data each time. The statements executed each time
constitute the loop body, and each pass is called iteration. A condition must be present to terminate the loop.

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QUESTION 13

QUESTION
What are the types of data types and explain?

ANSWER
There are five basic Data types in C. These are :
• void: means nothing i.e. no data involvement in an action
• char: to work with all types of characters used in computer operations
• int: to work with an integer type of data in any computational work
• float: to work with the real type of data or scientific numbers in the exponential form
• double: to work with double precision of numbers when the approximation is very crucial.

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QUESTION 14

QUESTION
What is the general form of a C program?

ANSWER
A C program begins with the preprocessor directives, in which the programmer would specify which header file and
what constants (if any) to be used. This is followed by the main function heading. Within the main function lies the
variable declaration and program statement.

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QUESTION 15

QUESTION
What is the difference between Call by Value and Call by Reference?

ANSWER
When using Call by Value, you are sending the value of a variable as parameter to a function, whereas Call by
Reference sends the address of the variable. Also, under Call by Value, the value in the parameter is not affected
by whatever operation that takes place, while in the case of Call by Reference, values can be affected by the
process within the function.

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QUESTION 16

QUESTION
What is a stack?

ANSWER
A stack is one form of a data structure. Data is stored in stacks using the FILO (First In Last Out) approach. At any
particular instance, only the top of the stack is accessible, which means that in order to retrieve data that is stored
inside the stack, those on the upper part should be extracted first. Storing data in a stack is also referred to as a
PUSH, while data retrieval is referred to as a POP.

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QUESTION 17

QUESTION
What is the use of a „\0′ character?

ANSWER
It is referred to as a terminating null character, and is used primarily to show the end of a string value.

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QUESTION 18

QUESTION
What is the difference between the = symbol and == symbol?

ANSWER
The = symbol is often used in mathematical operations. It is used to assign a value to a given variable. On the other
hand, the = = symbol, also known as “equal to” or “equivalent to”, is a relational operator that is used to compare
two values

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QUESTION 19

QUESTION
What is the modulus operator?

ANSWER
The modulus operator outputs the remainder of a division. It makes use of the percentage (%) symbol. For example:
10 % 3 = 1, meaning when you divide 10 by 3, the remainder is 1.

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QUESTION 20

QUESTION
Which of the following operators is incorrect and why? ( >=, <=, <>, ==)

ANSWER
<> is incorrect. While this operator is correctly interpreted as “not equal to” in writing conditional statements, it is not
the proper operator to be used in C programming. Instead, the operator != must be used to indicate “not equal
to” condition.

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QUESTION 21

QUESTION
What is syntax error?

ANSWER
Syntax errors are associated with mistakes in the use of a programming language. It maybe a command that was
misspelled or a command that must was entered in lowercase mode but was instead entered with an upper case
character. A misplaced symbol, or lack of symbol, somewhere within a line of code can also lead to syntax error.

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QUESTION 22

QUESTION
Can I use “int” data type to store the value 32768? Why?

ANSWER
No. “int” data type is capable of storing values from -32768 to 32767. To store 32768, you can use “long int” instead.
You can also use “unsigned int”, assuming you don‟t intend to store negative values.

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QUESTION 23

QUESTION
When is the “void” keyword used in a function?

ANSWER
When declaring functions, you will decide whether that function would be returning a value or not. If that function will
not return a value, such as when the purpose of a function is to display some outputs on the screen, then “void” is
to be placed at the leftmost part of the function header. When a return value is expected after the function
execution, the data type of the return value is placed instead of “void”.

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QUESTION 24

QUESTION
What is the significance of an algorithm to C programming?

ANSWER
Before a program can be written, an algorithm has to be created first. An algorithm provides a step by step
procedure on how a solution can be derived. It also acts as a blueprint on how a program will start and end,
including what process and computations are involved.

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QUESTION 25

QUESTION
How do you generate random numbers in C?

ANSWER
Random numbers are generated in C using the rand() command. For example: anyNum = rand() will generate any
integer number beginning from 0, assuming that anyNum is a variable of type integer.

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QUESTION 26

QUESTION
What is debugging?

ANSWER
Debugging is the process of identifying errors within a program. During program compilation, errors that are found
will stop the program from executing completely. At this state, the programmer would look into the possible
portions where the error occurred. Debugging ensures the removal of errors, and plays an important role in
ensuring that the expected program output is met.

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QUESTION 27

QUESTION
What does the && operator do in a program code?

ANSWER
The && is also referred to as AND operator. When using this operator, all conditions specified must be TRUE before
the next action can be performed. If you have 10 conditions and all but 1 fails to evaluate as TRUE, the entire
condition statement is already evaluated as FALSE.

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QUESTION 28

QUESTION
What is || operator and how does it function in a program?

ANSWER
The || is also known as the OR operator in C programming. When using || to evaluate logical conditions, any
condition that evaluates to TRUE will render the entire condition statement as TRUE.

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QUESTION 29

QUESTION
What will be the outcome of the following conditional statement if the value of
variable s is 10? s >=10 && s < 25 && s!=12

ANSWER
The outcome will be TRUE. Since the value of s is 10, s >= 10 evaluates to TRUE because s is not greater than 10
but is still equal to 10. s< 25 is also TRUE since 10 is less then 25. Just the same, s!=12, which means s is not
equal to 12, evaluates to TRUE. The && is the AND operator, and follows the rule that if all individual conditions
are TRUE, the entire statement is TRUE.

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QUESTION 30

QUESTION
What is FIFO?

ANSWER
In C programming, there is a data structure known as queue. In this structure, data is stored and accessed using
FIFO format, or First-In-First-Out. A queue represents a line wherein the first data that was stored will be the first
one that is accessible as well.

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QUESTION 31

QUESTION
In C language, the variables NAME, name, and Name are all the same. TRUE or
FALSE?

ANSWER
FALSE. C language is a case sensitive language. Therefore, NAME, name and Name are three uniquely different
variables.

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QUESTION 32

QUESTION
When is a “switch” statement preferable over an “if” statement?

ANSWER
The switch statement is best used when dealing with selections based on a single variable or expression. However,
switch statements can only evaluate integer and character data types.

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QUESTION 33

QUESTION
What is gets() function?

ANSWER
The gets() function allows a full line data entry from the user. When the user presses the enter key to end the input,
the entire line of characters is stored to a string variable. Note that the enter key is not included in the variable, but
instead a null terminator \0 is placed after the last character.

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QUESTION 34

QUESTION
Difference between Syntax and logical error?

ANSWER
Syntax error:
These involves validation of syntax of language
Compiler prints diagnostic message.
Logical error:
Logical error are caused by an incorrect algorithm or by a statement mistyped in such a way that it doesn‟t violet
syntax of language.
It is difficult to find.

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QUESTION 35

QUESTION
What is static memory allocation?

ANSWER
Compiler allocates memory space for a declared variable. By using the address of operator, the reserved address is
obtained and this address is assigned to a pointer variable. This way of assigning pointer value to a pointer
variable at compilation time is known as static memory allocation.

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QUESTION 36

QUESTION
What is dynamic memory allocation?

ANSWER
A dynamic memory allocation uses functions such as malloc() or calloc() to get memory dynamically. If these
functions are used to get memory dynamically and the values returned by these function are assigned to pointer
variables, such a way of allocating memory at run time is known as dynamic memory allocation.

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QUESTION 37

QUESTION
Are Pointers Integer?

ANSWER
No, Pointers are not integers. A pointer is an address. It is a positive number.

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QUESTION 38

QUESTION
In header files whether functions are declared or defined?

ANSWER
Functions are declared within header file. That is function prototypes exist in a header file, not function bodies. They
are defined in library (lib).

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QUESTION 39

QUESTION
Difference between strdup and strcpy?

ANSWER
Both copy a string. Strcpy wants a buffer to copy into. Strdup allocates a buffer using malloc(). Unlike strcpy(),
strdup() is not specified by ANSI.

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QUESTION 40

QUESTION
What is spaghetti programming?

ANSWER
Spaghetti programming refers to codes that tend to get tangled and overlapped throughout the program. This
unstructured approach to coding is usually attributed to lack of experience on the part of the programmer.
Spaghetti programing makes a program complex and analyzing the codes difficult, and so must be avoided as
much as possible.

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QUESTION 41

QUESTION
In C programming, how do you insert quote characters („ and “) into the output
screen?

ANSWER
This is a common problem for beginners because quotes are normally part of a printf statement. To insert the quote
character as part of the output, use the format specifiers‟ (for single quote), and ” (for double quote).

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QUESTION 42

QUESTION
What is a nested loop?

ANSWER
A nested loop is a loop that runs within another loop. Put it in another sense, you have an inner loop that is inside an
outer loop. In this scenario, the inner loop is performed a number of times as specified by the outer loop. For each
turn on the outer loop, the inner loop is first performed.

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QUESTION 43

QUESTION
Can the curly brackets { } be used to enclose a single line of code?

ANSWER
While curly brackets are mainly used to group several lines of codes, it will still work without error if you used it for a
single line. Some programmers prefer this method as a way of organizing codes to make it look clearer, especially
in conditional statements.

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QUESTION 44

QUESTION
What are compound statements?

ANSWER
Compound statements are made up of two or more program statements that are executed together. This usually
occurs while handling conditions wherein a series of statements are executed when a TRUE or FALSE is
evaluated. Compound statements can also be executed within a loop. Curly brackets { } are placed before and
after compound statements.

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QUESTION 45

QUESTION
What is a register variable?

ANSWER
Register variables are stored in the CPU registers. Its default value is a garbage value. Scope of a register variable
is local to the block in which it is defined. Lifetime is till control remains within the block in which the register
variable is defined. Variable stored in a CPU register can always be accessed faster than the one that is stored in
memory. Therefore, if a variable is used at many places in a program, it is better to declare its storage class as
register
Example: register int x=5;
Variables for loop counters can be declared as register. Note that register keyword may be ignored by some
compilers.

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QUESTION 46

QUESTION
What is size of void pointer?

ANSWER
Size of any type of pointer in c is independent of data type which is pointer is pointing i.e. size of all type of pointer
(near) in c is two byte either it is char pointer, double pointer, function pointer or null pointer. Void pointer is not
exception of this rule and size of void pointer is also two byte.

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QUESTION 47

QUESTION
What are printf and scanf, call by reference or call by value?

ANSWER
Printf : Call by value
Scanf : Call by reference

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QUESTION 48

QUESTION
What is a const pointer?

ANSWER
a const pointer means the pointer which represents the address of one value. so if you declare a pointer inside the
function, it doesn't have scope outside the function. if it is also available to the outside function whenever we
declare a pointer as const.

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QUESTION 49

QUESTION
Why does n++ execute much faster than n+1?

ANSWER
n++ takes more than one instruction, ++n is faster. n++ has to store n, increment the variable and return n, while
++n increment n and return without storing the previous value of n.

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QUESTION 51

QUESTION
What is modular Programming?

ANSWER
If a program is large, it is subdivided into a number of smaller programs that are called modules or subprograms. If a
complex problem is solved using more modules, this approach is known as modular programming.

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QUESTION 51

QUESTION
Why doesn't C support function overloading?

ANSWER
Overloading is polymorphism which is one of the characteristics of Object oriented programming. C is not and object
oriented language like C++ or Java. Therefore, no overloading, inheritance, etc.

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QUESTION 52

QUESTION
What is an incomplete type?

ANSWER
Incomplete types refers to pointers in which there is non availability of the implementation of the referenced location
or it points to some location whose value is not available for modification.

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QUESTION 53

QUESTION
Explain the Difference between C and C++?

ANSWER
C is the predecessor of C++. C++ is an Object Oriented, non-procedural language, unlike C, which is a procedural
language. C++ treats all data and functional handling in terms of Objects and their relationships.

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QUESTION 54

QUESTION
What is Nesting in C?

ANSWER
Including one constructed inside another, is nesting. Nesting can be a structure inside another structure, an if-else
statement within another, multiple while loops, one inside the other. Continuing our earlier example, if you have a
collection of bikes, instead of grouping them separately, you can nest them within a main structure, which you can
name “Collection of Bikes”.

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QUESTION 55

QUESTION
How is calloc () different from malloc ()?

ANSWER
The main difference between the two is that calloc (), when it is used to assign a block of memory, the allocated
contents are initialized to 0. Malloc (), on the other hand, does not initialise the memory block it assigns. The
memory just has random values left over from previous usage.

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QUESTION 56

QUESTION
What are Destructors in C Language?

ANSWER
Classifying a destructor you can call it a class object and it is called a destructor once it goes out of scope or gets
deleted overtly. The job of a destructor is to put an end to objects being produced by a constructor. Just like the
constructor you can consider destructor a functional member and it is specifically known by a class name.

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QUESTION 57

QUESTION
What are the uses of a pointer?

ANSWER
Pointer is used in the following cases
i) It is used to access array elements
ii) It is used for dynamic memory allocation.
iii) It is used in Call by reference
iv) It is used in data structures like trees, graph, linked list etc.

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QUESTION 58

QUESTION
What is a union?

ANSWER
Union is a collection of heterogeneous data type but it uses efficient memory utilization technique by allocating
enough memory to hold the largest member. Here a single area of memory contains values of different types at
different time. A union can never be initialized.

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QUESTION 59

QUESTION
What are macros? What are its advantages and disadvantages?

ANSWER
Macros are abbreviations for lengthy and frequently used statements. When a macro is called the entire code is
substituted by a single line though the macro definition is of several lines.

The advantage of macro is that it reduces the time taken for control transfer as in case of function.
The disadvantage of it is here the entire code is substituted so the program becomes lengthy if a macro is called
several times.

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QUESTION 60

QUESTION
What are enumerations?

ANSWER
They are a list of named integer-valued constants. Example:enum color { black , orange=4, yellow, green, blue,
violet }; This declaration defines the symbols “black”, “orange”, “yellow”, etc. to have the values “1,” “4,” “5,” … etc.
The difference between an enumeration and a macro is that the enum actually declares a type, and therefore can
be type checked.

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QUESTION 61

QUESTION
What is the use of typedef?

ANSWER
The typedef help in easier modification when the programs are ported to another machine. A descriptive new name
given to the existing data type may be easier to understand the code.

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QUESTION 62

QUESTION
What is the difference between Strings and Arrays?

ANSWER
String is a sequence of characters ending with NULL .it can be treated as a one dimensional array of characters
terminated by a NULL character.

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QUESTION 63

QUESTION
What is a normalized pointer, how do we normalize a pointer?

ANSWER
It is a 32bit pointer, which has as much of its value in the segment registered as possible. Since a segment can start
every 16bytes so the offset will have a value from 0 to F. for normalization convert the address into 20bit address
then use the 16bit for segment address and 4bit for the offset address. Given a pointer 500D: 9407, we convert it
to a 20bitabsolute address 549D7,Which then normalized to 549D:0007.

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QUESTION 64

QUESTION
What is generic pointer in C?

ANSWER
In C void* acts as a generic pointer. When other pointer types are assigned to generic pointer, conversions are
applied automatically (implicit conversion).

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QUESTION 65

QUESTION
Difference between linker and linkage?

ANSWER
Linker converts an object code into an executable code by linking together the necessary built in functions. The form
and place of declaration where the variable is declared in a program determine the linkage of variable.

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QUESTION 66

QUESTION
What is a function?

ANSWER
A large program is subdivided into a number of smaller programs or subprograms. Each subprogram specifies one
or more actions to be performed for the larger program. Such sub programs are called functions.

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QUESTION 67

QUESTION
What is an argument?

ANSWER
An argument is an entity used to pass data from the calling to a called function.

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QUESTION 68

QUESTION
Write a program which employs Recursion?

ANSWER
int fact(int n) { return n > 1 ? n * fact(n – 1) : 1; }

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QUESTION 69

QUESTION
What do the „c‟ and „v‟ in argc and argv stand for?

ANSWER
The c in argc(argument count) stands for the number of command line argument the program is invoked with and v
in argv(argument vector) is a pointer to an array of character string that contain the arguments.

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QUESTION 70

QUESTION
What are C identifiers?

ANSWER
These are names given to various programming element such as variables, function, arrays.It is a combination of
letter, digit and underscore.It should begin with letter. Backspace is not allowed.

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QUESTION 71

QUESTION
What do the functions atoi(), itoa() and gcvt() do?

ANSWER
atoi() is a macro that converts integer to character.
itoa() It converts an integer to string
gcvt() It converts a floating point number to string

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QUESTION 72

QUESTION
How is fopen() used ?

ANSWER
The function fopen() returns a file pointer. Hence a file pointer is declared and it is assigned as
FILE *fp;
fp= fopen(filename,mode);
filename is a string representing the name of the file and the mode represents:
“r” for read operation
“w” for write operation
“a” for append operation
“r+”,”w+”,”a+” for update operation

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QUESTION 73

QUESTION
What is the purpose of ftell ?

ANSWER
The function ftell() is used to get the current file represented by the file pointer.
ftell(fp);
returns a long integer value representing the current file position of the file pointed by the
file pointer fp.If an error occurs ,-1 is returned.

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QUESTION 74

QUESTION
Discuss on pointer arithmetic?

ANSWER
1. Assignment of pointers to the same type of pointers.
2. Adding or subtracting a pointer and an integer.
3. Subtracting or comparing two pointer.
4. Incrementing or decrementing the pointers pointing to the elements of an array. When a pointer to an integer is
incremented by one , the address is incremented by two. It is done automatically by the compiler.
5. Assigning the value 0 to the pointer variable and comparing 0 with the pointer. The pointer having address 0
points to nowhere at all.

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QUESTION 75

QUESTION
What is the invalid pointer arithmetic?

ANSWER
i) adding ,multiplying and dividing two pointers.
ii) Shifting or masking pointer.
iii) Addition of float or double to pointer.
iv) Assignment of a pointer of one type to a pointer of another type ?

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QUESTION 76

QUESTION
Can we initialize unions?

ANSWER
ANSI Standard C allows an initializer for the first member of a union. There is no standard way of initializing any
other member (nor, under a pre-ANSI compiler, is there generally any way of initializing a union at all).

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QUESTION 77

QUESTION
What is Output of following c snippet?
int main(){
char *s="Abhas";
printf("%s",s+ 2);
getch();
}

ANSWER
Has. Explanation: In the above program role of %s is to display the string whose address is passed as an
argument. This is how a standard printf statement works in c language. Now since we have passed s + 2 as an
argument therefore first value of this expression is evaluated. Here „s‟ would refer to address of first character in
string „s‟. Now printf would get address of third character (address of first character + 2) as argument so it will
display the string starting from third position. Hence output would be „has‟.

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QUESTION 78

QUESTION
What is difference between .com program and .exe program?

ANSWER
Both .com and .exe program are executable program but .com program executes faster than .exe program. All
drivers are .com program. .com file has higher preference than .exe.

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QUESTION 79

QUESTION
Describe turbo c Compiler?

ANSWER
Turbo c is an IDE programming language created by Borland. Turbo C 3.0 is based on MS DOS operation system. It
is one of the most popular c compilers. It uses 8086 microprocessor which is 16 bit microprocessor. It has 20
address buses and 16 data bus. Its word length is two byte.

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QUESTION 80

QUESTION
Out of fgets() and gets() which function is safe to use and why?

ANSWER
Fgets() is safer than gets(), because we can specify a maximum input length. Neither one is completely safe,
because the compiler can‟t prove that programmer won‟t overflow the buffer he pass to fgets ().

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QUESTION 81

QUESTION
Differentiate between a “for loop” and a “while loop”?

ANSWER
For executing a set of statements fixed number of times we use “for loop” while when the number of iterations to be
performed is not known in advance we use “while loop”.

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QUESTION 82

QUESTION
Is there a built-in function in C that can be used for sorting data?

ANSWER
Yes, use the qsort() function. It is also possible to create user defined functions for sorting, such as those based on
the balloon sort and bubble sort algorithm.

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QUESTION 83

QUESTION
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a heap?

ANSWER
Storing data on the heap is slower than it would take when using the stack. However, the main advantage of using
the heap is its flexibility. That‟s because memory in this structure can be allocated and remove in any particular
order. Slowness in the heap can be compensated if an algorithm was well designed and implemented.

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QUESTION 84

QUESTION
How do you convert strings to numbers in C?

ANSWER
You can write you own functions to do string to number conversions, or instead use C‟s built in functions. You can
use atof to convert to a floating point value, atoi to convert to an integer value, and atol to convert to a long integer
value.

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QUESTION 85

QUESTION
Create a simple code fragment that will swap the values of two variables num1 and
num2.

ANSWER
int temp;
temp = num1;
num1 = num2;
num2 = temp;

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QUESTION 86

QUESTION
What is the use of a semicolon (;) at the end of every program statement?

ANSWER
It has to do with the parsing process and compilation of the code. A semicolon acts as a delimiter, so that the
compiler knows where each statement ends, and can proceed to divide the statement into smaller elements for
syntax checking.

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QUESTION 87

QUESTION
What does the characters “r” and “w” mean when writing programs that will make
use of files?

ANSWER
“r” means “read” and will open a file as input wherein data is to be retrieved. “w” means “write”, and will open a file
for output. Previous data that was stored on that file will be erased.

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QUESTION 88

QUESTION
Which function in C can be used to append a string to another string?

ANSWER
The strcat function. It takes two parameters, the source string and the string value to be appended to the source
string.

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QUESTION 89

QUESTION
What is the difference between functions getch() and getche()?

ANSWER
Both functions will accept a character input value from the user. When using getch(), the key that was pressed will
not appear on the screen, and is automatically captured and assigned to a variable. When using getche(), the key
that was pressed by the user will appear on the screen, while at the same time being assigned to a variable.

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QUESTION 90

QUESTION
What does the function toupper() do?

ANSWER
It is used to convert any letter to its upper case mode. Toupper() function prototype is declared in <ctype.h>. Note
that this function will only convert a single character, and not an entire string.

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QUESTION 91

QUESTION
What are run-time errors?

ANSWER
These are errors that occur while the program is being executed. One common instance wherein run-time errors can
happen is when you are trying to divide a number by zero. When run-time errors occur, program execution will
pause, showing which program line caused the error.

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QUESTION 92

QUESTION
Is this program statement valid? INT = 10.50;

ANSWER
Assuming that INT is a variable of type float, this statement is valid. One may think that INT is a reserved word and
must not be used for other purposes. However, recall that reserved words are express in lowercase, so the C
compiler will not interpret this as a reserved word.

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QUESTION 93

QUESTION
What is wrong with this program statement? void = 10;

ANSWER
The word void is a reserved word in C language. You cannot use reserved words as a user-defined variable.

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QUESTION 94

QUESTION
What would happen to X in this expression: X += 15; (assuming the value of X is 5)

ANSWER
X +=15 is a short method of writing X = X + 15, so if the initial value of X is 5, then 5 + 15 = 20.

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QUESTION 95

QUESTION
Not all reserved words are written in lowercase. TRUE or FALSE?

ANSWER
FALSE. All reserved words must be written in lowercase; otherwise the C compiler would interpret this as
unidentified and invalid.

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QUESTION 96

QUESTION
What is floating point constants?

ANSWER
Floating-point constants are numbers with decimal parts. A floating-point constants consists of :
 An integral part
 A decimal point
 A fractional part
 An exponent part
 An optional suffix

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QUESTION 97

QUESTION
What is the difference between fread and fwrite function?

ANSWER
The fread() function returns the number of items read. This value may be less than count if the end of the file is
reached or an error occurs. The fwrite() function returns the number of items written. This value will equal count
unless an error occurs.

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QUESTION 98

QUESTION
What is meant by inheritance?

ANSWER
Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire properties of objects of another class.

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QUESTION 99

QUESTION
What is a ternary operator in C?

ANSWER
Perhaps the most unusual operator in C language is one called the conditional expression operator. Unlike all other
operators in C which are either unary or binary operators the conditional expression operator is a ternary operator;
that is, it takes three operands. The two symbols that are used to denote this operator are the question mark (?)
and the colon (:). The first operand is placed before the ?, the second between the ? and the and the third after
the:.

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QUESTION 100

QUESTION
What is unary operator?

ANSWER
The operators that act upon a single operand to produce a new value are known as unary operators.

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Resources

http://www.fresherventure.net/frequently-asked-c-language-interview-questions-
and-answers/
http://www.itechaleart.com/2014/06/top-100-c-interview-qa.html
http://placement.freshersworld.com/power-preparation/technical-interview-
questions/C-programming-answers-21419
http://career.guru99.com/top-100-c-interview-questions-answers/
http://www.slideshare.net/vineetkumarsaini/top-c-language-interview-questions-
and-answer
http://www.cquestions.com/2010/10/c-interview-questions-and-answers.html
http://placementsindia.blogspot.com/2007/10/basic-c-interview-questions.html
https://www.udemy.com/blog/c-programming-questions/
http://crackaninterview.com/c-language-interview-questions/
http://www.cwithabhas.com/2013/09/simple-c-interview-questions-for-mass.html
http://www.freejobalert.com/c-interview-questions/2891/

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