DLD 2

Name: Instructor: Engr.
Date Performed: Marks Obtained: /10
Group Members
(ID):…………………………………………………………………………………….
Checked By:____________________ Date:___________
Experiment # 02
De-Morgan's Laws
OBJECTIVES:
 To Verify De-Morgan's laws
Required Components and Equipment:
 IC numbers 7400, 7402, 7404, 7408,7432

 Digital electronics trainer.
 Connecting Wires
De-Morgan's Laws
Boolean algebra has postulates and identities. We can often use these laws to reduce
expressions or put expressions in to a more desirable form. One of these laws is the De-
Morgan's law.
De-Morgan's law has two conditions, or conversely, there are two laws called De-Morgan's
Laws.
First Condition or First law:
The compliment of the product of two variables is equal to the sum of the compliment of each
variable.
Thus according to De-Morgan's laws or De-Morgan's theorem if A and B are the two variables
or Boolean numbers. Then accordingly
̅̅̅̅) = 𝑨
(𝑨𝑩 ̅+𝑩
̅
This means that NAND gate function is identical to OR gate function with complemented
inputs.
Digital Logic Design (EE222) Air University, Islamabad

Second Condition or Second law:
The compliment of the sum of two variables is equal to the product of the compliment of each
variable.
Thus according to De Morgan’s theorem if A and B are the two variables then.
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(𝑨 ̅. 𝑩
+ 𝑩) = 𝑨 ̅
This means that NOR function is equal to the AND gate function with complemented inputs.
Logic Diagram:
First Condition:
Left Hand Side:
Right Hand Side:

Second Condition:
Left Hand Side:
Right Hand Side:
PROCEDURE:
1. Patch the left hand side circuit for the first condition of De-Morgan's Law on the Digital
electronics trainer. Connect the inputs to the input switches and output to the LED and
verify the truth table for all the combinations
2. Similarly, patch the right hand side circuit for the first condition of De-Morgan's Law
on the Digital electronics trainer. Connect the inputs to the input switches and output to
the LED and verify the truth table for all the combinations. Both the truth tables should
be similar.
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the second condition of De-Morgan's Law.
4. Get it checked by the instructor.
Truth table for the first condition:
A B ̅̅̅̅)
𝐘 = (𝐀𝐁 ̅+𝑩
𝒀=𝑨 ̅
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Truth table For the second condition:
A B ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝒀 = (𝑨 + 𝑩) ̅. 𝑩
𝒀=𝑨 ̅
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Student Exercise:
1. Implement De-Morgan's law on Proteus.

2. Verify De-Morgan's Law for 3 inputs.
3. Suppose you needed an inverter gate in a logic circuit, but none were available. You do
however, have a spare (unused) NOR gate in one of the integrated circuits. Show how
you would connect a NOR gate to function as an inverter.
4. Write the Boolean expression for this logic gate circuit
Note: Write a short report on this experiment in your own words.

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Good Luck

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Name: Instructor: Engr.

Date Performed: Marks Obtained: /10

Checked By:____________________ Date:___________

 To Verify De-Morgan's laws

Required Components and Equipment:

 IC numbers 7400, 7402, 7404, 7408,7432

First Condition or First law:

Digital Logic Design (EE222) Air University, Islamabad

Left Hand Side:

Right Hand Side:

Digital Logic Design (EE222) Air University, Islamabad

Left Hand Side:

Right Hand Side:

Truth table for the first condition:

Truth table For the second condition:

Digital Logic Design (EE222) Air University, Islamabad

1. Implement De-Morgan's law on Proteus.

Note: Write a short report on this experiment in your own words.

Digital Logic Design (EE222) Air University, Islamabad

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Checked By:__________ Date:_