Budding Scientist (Tests & Exams)
Budding Scientist (Tests & Exams)
Budding Scientist (Tests & Exams)
Science has provided us with swift means of communication. The railways have removed all those dangers
and difficulties that man had to face during a journey in the past. In the aero plane, he can fly like birds.
The globe has shrunk and the world has become a small place. Science has conquered time and space. Still more
wonderful is the invention of the wireless. It is now possible to talk to a person at a distance of thousands of
kilometres.
Additionally, Science has invented many wonderful machines. Electricity is another wonder of science.
It has turned nights into days. In the winter it heats our rooms and in the summer it cools them. It moves our
fans and other machines. Science has also achieved wonders in the field of medicine. There is now a cure for all
kinds of illnesses.
It is not possible to enumerate all the wonders of modern science. Every day we hear of a new wonder.
It is hoped that the peaceful use of every bit of science would bring in an age of prosperity, that the world has
never seen before.
“Adapted from internet”
A/Comprehension:
1. A/ Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following:
a) devices (§2) = …………………… b) accomplished (§2) = ……………………
B/ Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following:
a) slow (§1) ≠ …………………… b) poverty (§3) ≠ ……………………
Everyone knows that some objects float in water and that others do not. An object that floats in water might
sink in alcohol, and one that sinks in water might float in glycerin. All liquids possess in varying degrees the
property that is called buoyancy— an upward push upon objects that are submerged within them.
If you throw a piece of dry wood into a pool, the wood floats; the upward push of the water makes this
possible. An object that sinks in water- like a piece of iron- weighs less when under water than in the air; this also
is because the water exerts an upward pressure upon it. When you are taking a bath in a well-filled tub, you can
raise your whole body easily by a slight pressure of your hands. You could not do this so easily if you tried to raise
yourself from the living-room floor because air is less buoyant than water.
In the third cenutry BC, Archimedes discovered the principle of buoyancy. It states that a body wholly or
partly immersed in a fluid is buoyed upward with a force equal to the weight of volume of liquid it displaces. Let us
imagine that in a full pail of water we place an iron ball that weighs ten pounds when weighed in air. We discover,
however that under water this ball weighs only eight pounds- a loss of two pounds. The volume of water that spilled
over when the ball was placed in the full pail weighs two pounds, whichjust equals the ball’s loss of weight. The ball
is actually buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the water it displaces…
(From The Book of Popular Science, v.2 ; p.32)
Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following:
a) more (§2)≠ ……………………………… b) empty (§3)≠ ……………………………
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6. Complete the following table:
Words experimen success invent move
t
Adjective ………………… ………………… ………………… ……………
s … … … …
a) If you (to mix) …………………………… oxygen with hydrogen, you(to get) …………………………… water.
b) What (to happen) ……………………………… to you if you (to touch) ………………………………… a wire of electricity??
Making an experiment (accept or refuse the suggestion by giving the reason –why?-)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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You should get out of the habit of sleeping during the evening. Right after your evening meal, engage in
some sort of physical activity – a sport such as bowling, perhaps or get together with friends for an evening of
cards and conversation. Then go to bed at your usual time or a little earlier and you should be able to get a good
night’s rest without taking a pill.
If you can get into the habit of spending your evenings this way, I am sure you will feel less tired during
the day. At first it may be hard for you to go to sleep without taking a pill. If so, get up and watch television or do
some jobs.
5. Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following:
a) tablet (§1) ……………………………… b) napping (§2) ……………………………… c) relax (§2) ………………………………
:Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following
a) get used to (§2) ……………………… b) alone (§2) ……………………………… c) relaxed (§3) ………………………………
9. Do you think that napping during a day for an hour is a good way to relax?
Write a short paragraph giving advice to some people who don’t take a rest during the day and those who sleep
.using pills
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Inventions are the result of man’s curiosity about the world around him, and the urge to fill an expressed
need. It was a need for more durable building materials that led man to invent bricks about 4,000 B.C. It was
probably just curiosity that led to the invention of the wheel about 3,000 B.C. The date of the invention of the
bow and arrow has been lost in time, but it is fairly certain that was for the purpose of providing early man with
a quicker and surer means of killing animals for food. We look upon thousands and thousands of things today as
commonplace, but at one time the world did not have them. They all had to be invented.
Inventions have provided our world with matches, telephones, wire, needles and thread, light bulbs, radio,
television, motors, medicines, and even paper and ink. Inventors, being curious and at the same time seeing need,
bring their ideas and the necessary materials together to produce something new-something that has not
existed before – an invention.
5. Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following.
aim (§1)=…………………… faster (§1)=………………………………………. supplied (§2)=………………………
1- If you (to mix)…………………… oxygen with hydrogen, you (to get)…………………………………………… water.
2- What (to happen)………………………………………………… to you if you (to touch) ……………………………………… a wire of
electricity.
3- If you (do not/to eat) ……………………………………………… healthy food, you (to have) …………………………………… several
diseases.
9. Add appropriate suffixes from the list to the word in the following table.
less - ed - full - ive - y - able
Words Adjectives
Protect ........................................................................
Attract ………………………………………………
..…………………
Beauty
………………………………………………
Care ……………………
Cloud ………………………………………………
..…………………
………………………………………………
...……………………
There are no secrets to success
It is the result of preparation, hard work & learning from failure
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Have you ever stopped to think how your life would change if the world ran out of oil? Take a look at your
daily activities.
The roof of your home is probably made waterproof by an oil product, bitumen: The same product is used
for the road surface outside your home. In the kitchen and the bathroom you will probably see some plastic
fittings such as tiles and working surfaces, curtains and detergent. All owe their origin to the oil known as
petroleum which means, in Latin, “Petra”: rock and “Oleum”: oil. Look inside the medicine cupboard for more
products. Cosmetics such as face creams, lipsticks and hair preparations are often based on petroleum.
Scientifics predict that the world’s known oil resources will run out early in this century. But long before
then the world will have to decide on its priorities. Can we afford to use so much of our limited Petroleum supplies
for private motoring? Should planes compete on similar routes and fly long distances with empty passenger seats?
What alternative energies can be developed?
There is an old English saying, “Necessity is the mother of invention”, which means that when you are faced
with a need, you discover some way to satisfy it. So, our wonderful world is full of renewable energies: solar, wind,
ocean, biomass…
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B/ Text Exploration: (08pts)
5. Fill in the gaps with words from the list (There are 2 extra words).
kinds – mix - experiment - element - reaction - add
A chemical ……………… can happen when you…………… two or more chemical elements together. A chemical
……………… is made of only one kind of atom. There are more than 100 different ………………… of atoms. Atoms are much
.too small to see
?Topic One: “water is the most precious natural resource”. How can we preserve it
:Use the following notes
- Water/life
- Water/drinking-cooking-transportation-cleaning
- Build dams/keep rain water
- Manage water carefully and intelligently.
:Topic Two
.Your friend needs your advice. He suffers from stress, sadness and loss of self-confidence
.Write him a letter
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In the ninth century the Arabs became the chief standard-bearers of science and philosophy. The golden
age of Arab science lasted for about two centuries. The world owes a great debt of gratitude to the Muslim
caliphs for their support for learning during this period.
The Arabs made important contributions to mathematics. The most outstanding work in Arabic in this
field was probably the Arithmeticof the Persian Al Khwarizmi. In this treatise the author introduced a striking
innovation _ the number system that we use today and that we call ‘Arabic numerals’. The Arabs called them
gobar numbers. Al-Khwarizmi derived this system from the Hindus. He also wrote a treatise entitled On
Algebra. It was based to a certain extent on Hindu sources. The name ‘algebra’ is of Arabic origin ; it comes
from ‘al-jebr’, meaning ‘ the union of broken parts’.
The Arabs were greatly interested in astronomy. Caliph Ma’mun built a splendid observatory in Baghdad
in the year 829, and his astronomers made regular observations of the heavens. One of the greatest among the
Arab astronomers was Al-Battani. He revised many false notions in Ptolemy’s book Great Composition, which was
translated into the Arabic under the title of the Almagest.
Alchemy had many devotees among the Arabs. The word alchemy itself is of Arabic origin. The most
famous Arab alchemist was Jabir or Jaber, a Syrian physician who lived in the eighth or ninth century . Jabir
perfected new methods of evaporation, filtration and crystallization and he was able to prepare a number of
chemical substances, such as alums, alkalis, saltpetre and mercurieoxide.
)The Book of Popular Science v.2, pp.299-301 (
2. Say whether the following statements are “true” or “false” according to the text.
a) The Arabs were only great in science during the golden age.
b) The Arabs gave the name gobar numbers to what is called now “Arabic numerals’.
c) Ma’mun was a famous astronomer in his life.
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B/ Text Exploration: (08pts)
1. Find in the text words which are closest in meaning to the following:
a) numbers (§2)= ……………… b) named(§2) = ………………
:Find in the text words which are opposite in meaning to the following
a) tiny (§1)≠ ……………… b)few (§4)≠ ………………
PART TWO: Written Expression Choose ONE of the following topics: (05points)
Topic One:Al Khwarizmi is regarded as one of the most famous scientists of the Islamic Golden Age.
.Using the following notes, write a short biography about him
.Topic Two: Suppose that you are in a dilemma; write a letter (to your friend) in which you seek for advice
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الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية
وزارة التربية الوطنية
ثانوية الشهيد عرجون معمر مديرية التربية لوالية الشلف
Level: 2nd Year Scientific Streams 2018/2019 Duration: 02 Hours
Have you ever wondered why massive boats and ships weighing hundreds of tons float while small
objects like rocks sink? Have you ever wondered why when you inhale in a pool you float and when you exhale
you sink to the bottom even though you weigh the same? This phenomenon can be explained by the scientific
principle called buoyancy.
In the third century B.C., the Greek mathematician and physicist Archimedes discovered the principle
of buoyancy. Everyone knows that some objects float in water and others do not. An object that floats in
water might sink in alcohol, and one that sinks in water might float in glycerin. All liquids possess the
property that is called buoyancy- an upward push upon objects that are submerged within them.
Buoyancy is the upward force that an object feels from the water and when compared to the weight of
the object, it is what makes an object float, sink, or remain neutrally buoyant in the water.
When an object sinks, the weight of the object is greater than the upward buoyant force exerted by
the water and its density is greater than 1 g/cm³. When an object is neutrally buoyant, meaning it neither
sinks nor floats, then the weight of the object is equal to the upward buoyant force exerted by the water.
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Topic One: In recent years, science has witnessed different advancements which have facilitated many
things for people.
Using the following notes, write a paragraph in which you talk about progress/development in science and
its usefulness.
- science's importance today/ more laboratories
- new discoveries and inventions
- life is easier/ transport/ housing/ medicines
- technological development
Topic Two:
Your friend needs your advice. He suffers from stress, sadness and loss of self-confidence.
Write him a letter.