Task 2
Task 2
Task 2
Financial Accounting –
Accounts Payable (FI-AP)
This case study describes an integrated external accounting process and
thus promotes an understanding of the individual process steps and the
underlying SAP functionality.
Version
4.1
Last Update
April 2022
Process Overview
Learning Objective Understand and execute an external accounting process Time 100 Min.
in Accounts Payable (AP).
Scenario To handle an external accounting process, you will take on various
roles within Global Bike. Thereby you will work in the Financial Accounting
(FI) department and there in the supplier accounting.
Employees involved Silvia Cassano (AP Accountant)
Shuyuan Chen (Head of Accounting)
Before you post a vendor invoice, all necessary master data has to be maintained. Within this case
study, you will first create the required G/L accounts as well as a new supplier (called vendor in
Financial Accounting). Afterwards you will post the invoice and verify the changes on your G/L
accounts. Since the posting affects the income statement, you will finally look at the effect on the
balance sheet.
Table of Contents
Process Overview .................................................................................................................. 2
Step 1: Create Bank Account in General Ledger .................................................................. 4
Step 2: Create Reconciliation Account in General Ledger ................................................... 7
Step 3: Create Expense Account in General Ledger ............................................................. 9
Step 4: Create Vendor Master Record for Landlord ........................................................... 11
Step 5: Post Transfer of Funds to Alternate Bank Account ................................................ 14
Step 6: Review Transfer of Funds ....................................................................................... 16
Step 7: Create Invoice Receipt for Rent Expense ............................................................... 18
Step 8: Display and Review G/L Account Balances and Individual Line Items ................ 21
Step 9: Display and Review AP Balances and Individual Line Items ................................ 23
Step 10: Post Payment to Landlord ..................................................................................... 25
Step 11: Display and Review AP Balances and Individual Line Items .............................. 27
Step 12: Run Financial Statement ....................................................................................... 30
FI-AP Challenge.................................................................................................................. 32
In this case study, you create master data that will be used, for example, in Scenario
accounts payable operational processes and to settle monthly rental expenses.
The first thing to do is to create a bank account for outgoing payments to
vendors.
Please go to the Financial Accounting space and choose the Accounts Payable Start
page. In the Head of Accounting section, you can use the Manage G/L Account
Master Data app to create a new G/L account.
In the G/L Account Master Data screen, in the G/L Account field, enter 180###5
180###5. Remember to insert for ### your three-digit number given to you by
your instructor. For example, if your individual number is 013, enter 1800135.
In the Chart of Accounts field, select the value help icon and select from
GL00
the list of results the GL00 (Global Bike Group) entry. As G/L Account Type,
select Balance Sheet Account from the drop-down. Balance Sheet Account
In the Account Group field, click the value help icon again. In the Select:
Account Group window that now opens, the chart of accounts GL00 should
already have been automatically transferred. Then select the entry 01 (Current 01
As Short Text enter Bank ###, and as G/L Account Long Text, please enter Bank ###
Bank Account ###
Bank Account ###. Replace ### again with your number. Compare your
entries with the following screenshot. Afterward, go to the
area.
Next, you assign the new G/L account to a company code. Therefore, in the
Company Code Data
Company Code Data area, please select .
In the Company Code Assignment window that opens, select the value help
icon in the New Company Code Assignment field. The Chart of Accounts
and G/L Account fields should already be filled with GL00 and your new GL00
180###5
account 180###5.
From the result list, choose the entry US00. Your selection will automatically US00
USD
add USD as the Account Currency. Now, select the checkbox Only Balance Only Balance in Local
in Local Currency. Currency
Go to the Account Management area. In the Sort Key field, select 001 (Posting 001
date).
In the CREATE/BANK/INTEREST area, find and select the Field Status Group
ZGBS
ZGBS (Main Balance Sheet Accounts), and select the Relevant to Cash Flow Relevant to Cash Flow
checkbox.
First, confirm with and then click on . You will receive the
following message.
Reconciliation Accounts connect the General Ledger with sub ledgers, which Reconciliation Account
are maintained for debtors (customers) and vendors (suppliers), for example.
It should be noted that reconciliation accounts cannot be posted to directly.
Later, you will create a new vendor master record and assign the new
reconciliation account to it.
In the Chart of Accounts field, select the value help icon and select from
GL00
the list of results the entry GL00 (Global Bike Group). As G/L Account Type,
select Balance Sheet Account from the drop-down. Balance Sheet Account
In the Account Group field, click the value help icon again. In the Select:
Account Group window that opens, the chart of accounts GL00 should already
have been automatically transferred. Then select the entry 03 (Outside Capital 03
Accounts) from the results list by clicking on it.
As Short Text enter Payables-Misc ###, and as G/L Account Long Text, please Payables-Misc ###
Payables-Miscellaneous
enter Payables-Miscellaneous ###. Replace ### again with your number. ###
Compare your entries with the following screenshot. Afterward, go to the
area.
Next, you assign the new G/L account to a company code. Therefore, in the
Company Code Data
Company Code Data area, please select .
On the following screen, in the New Company Code Assignment field select
the input help icon . A pop up screen will open. The Chart of Accounts and
G/L Account fields should already be filled with GL00 and your new account GL00
330###5
330###5.
In the results list, select the entry US00. You will automatically return to the US00
USD
main window. In the Account Control area, as Account Currency USD is
already preselected. In the Reconc. Account for Account Type dropdown, K (Vendors)
select K (Vendors).
In the Account Management area, as the sort key please select 001 (Posting 001
date). Afterward, please go the CREATE/BANK/INTEREST area. As Field
Status Group, please choose ZRAA (Reconciliation Accounts). ZRAA
Please go to the Financial Accounting space and choose the Accounts Payable Start
page. In the Head of Accounting section, you can use the Manage G/L Account
Master Data app to create a new G/L account.
In the Chart of Accounts field, enter GL00 (Global Bike Group), and in the GL00
Primary Cost or
G/L Account Type drop-down menu, enter Primary Cost or Revenue. As Revenue
Account Group choose 56 (Operating Expenditure). 56
For both fields Short Text and G/L Account Long Text please enter Rent Rent Expenses ###
Rent Expenses ###
Expenses ###. Again, remember to replace ### with your number. Compare
your entries with the following screenshot. Afterward, go to the
area.
Next, you assign the new G/L account to a company code. Therefore, in the
Company Code Data
Company Code Data area, please select .
A new screen will open. In the New Company Code Assignment field, please
US00
use the input help icon to choose US00 (Global Bike Inc.). Back in the New USD
Company Code Assignment screen, you can see that USD has been entered
automatically. Please also select the Posting Without Tax Allowed Posting w/o Tax Allowed
001
checkbox. In the Account Management area, as the Sort Key please choose 001
(Posting date).
Please choose to confirm your entries and to save you G/L account. You
will receive a success message.
A business partner (BP) is an organization (firm, branch office), person, or a Business Partner
A vendor is a business partner to whom liabilities exist for services received. Vendor
For example, such a service can be a delivery of goods received, a service
received, or the transfer of a right.
To create a new business partner (vendor), please go to the space Financial Start
Accounting and choose the Accounts Payable page. In the AP Accountant
section, please use the app Manage Business Partner Master Data.
On the Create Organization screen, in the field BP Role click on the input help
FLVN00 | FI Vendor
icon . In the pop-up that opens, select the entry FLVN00 | FI Vendor.
Confirm your entries with . The new New Business Partner screen will
be generated. In the General Information area, in the field Search Term 1
add your three-digit number ###. You can use this term to easily find your ###
business partner later.
Then, go to the Roles area. Auto-scroll will take you to the correct position. Roles
You will see a line with the details of the business partner role as well as the
validity dates. At the end of the line, click to maintain further details.
Thereupon, a new screen will be generated. Go to the Company Codes area. Company Codes
Since there is no record for the company codes, please select .
In the Company Code field, click the input help icon to find and choose
US00
US00 (Global Bike Inc.). In the Finance area, as the Reconciliation Account 330###5
enter 330###5 (Payables-Miscellaneous ###). Remember that you created this
reconciliation account yourself.
Select to save the draft. You can save the customer role by clicking
once again afterwards. Use the button in the lower screen area to
finally save the business partner. The system acknowledges the creation of
your business partner (vendor) with a success message.
Note Before you close the app, look at the top left of the window under the
name of your new business partner. There you will see the number that the
system has automatically assigned for your vendor.
Please go to the space Financial Accounting and choose the page Accounts Start
Payable. In the Head of Accounting section, use the Post General Journal
Entries app to transfer these internal funds.
In the Journal Entry Date field, use the input help icon and choose today’s Today’s date
US00
date. Then, enter as Company Code US00, and as Transaction Currency USD. USD
Please change the Period to the current month. In the Reference field, enter Current month
###
your three-digit number (###) and as Header Text Transfer of Funds. Transfer of Funds
Go to the Line Items area. In the first line, enter Company Code US00 (Global US00
180###5
Bike Inc.) and your G/L Account 180###5 (Bank ###). In the Debit field, enter Debit: 5000
an amount of 5000 USD.
US00
Use the second line to enter Company Code US00, G/L Account 1800000 1800000
Credit: 5000
(Bank) and a Credit amount of 5000 USD.
Having placed the cursor in the Credit field of the second line, please confirm
your entries by pressing Enter. The system will now recalculate the balance of
this entry and display it in the upper right corner.
At the bottom right, use the button to see if the postings are correct. If
there is any error, an information window with the error description will
appear. Otherwise, you will get a summary of your simulated posting.
Note You can see an alphanumeric document number in the top left-hand Provisional posting
document number
corner. That means your entries have only been temporarily saved, up to this
point. The final posting document is not generated in the system until you post.
Finally, click on . The system will now create a unique posting document
number.
Note Look again at the top left and see the final number that the SAP system Final posting
document number
has automatically assigned for this G/L document.
In the Manage Journal Entries screen, select Company Code US00. In the US00
Journal Entry Date field, select the input help icon . If you performed the
previous step (posting funds to alternate bank account) today, select Today in Today
the dropdown menu. Otherwise, select another period that best narrows down
the date of your posting. Remove the entry from the Fiscal Year field.
Note Since you work in company code US00 together with other users, it is
Sort Ascending
useful to sort the results list of journal entries in ascending order according to
the user name. To do this, click on the JE Created By column and select
.
Click on the Journal Entry Number (of your document) to open the context Manage
Journal Entries
menu. Please choose the Manage Journal Entries app.
You will see the Journal Entry you created in the previous step. It shows the
funds transfer from the main bank account to your new bank account. The
document contains information such as the posting date, the posting period
and the creator of the posting document.
To create an invoice receipt, go to the space Financial Accounting and choose Start
the page Accounts Payable. In the AP Accountant section, use the app Create
Supplier Invoice.
In the upcoming screen, enter Company Code US00 (Global Bike Inc.). In the US00
Invoice Date field, choose today’s date, and in the Gross Invoice Amount Today’s date
field, please enter 1500. The currency USD should have already been derived 1500 USD
from the company code. Last but not least, the Reference of this invoice should
be ### Cardinal 1. Replace ### again with your three-digit number. ### Cardinal 1
In the Invoicing Party field, select the input help icon . As Search Term you
###
can use your three-digit number (###). In the large Search field at the top left, Cardinal
enter Cardinal and confirm your entries with Enter.
In the result list, click on the single line to pick the landlord you created earlier.
Your vendor number is now entered as Invoicing Party.
Note All business transactions are posted to G/L accounts. A master record Vendor master record
has to be created for each G/L account used. Additionally, a vendor master
record has to be created for the vendor subledger account. This contains
information that controls the entry of business transactions to the G/L
account and the processing of the data.
The following information is used by the system in the master record
as default values when posting to the account. For example, the
payment terms from the master record are suggested when posting.
for the processing of business transactions. For example, information
on possible payment methods (check, bank transfer) and on the bank
details for automatic payment is required.
for working with the master record. For example, you use
authorization groups to restrict access to an account.
In addition, both the line item display and the management of open items are
automatically provided for each vendor account.
Afterward, go to the the G/L Account Items area. Once there, click on .A
new line will appear.
In the Debit/Credit Indicator field select Debit. For the G/L Account, enter the Debit
631###5
expense account you created earlier for rent (631###5), and as Amount enter 1500
1500. At the bottom of the screen choose the button.As a result, the
following error message appears at the bottom left.
This means the following: For postings to this expense account, in parallel to
external accounting (financial accounting) you need to specify an accounting
object for internal accounting (controlling). For this purpose, you can use a
cost center.
To do this, first open the detailed data of your G/L Account Item by clicking
on the icon at the beginning of your new G/L Account line. There, in the
Account Assignment area, please enter as Cost Center NAAD1000 (Admin NAAD1000
Costs).
Now click on again. This time the following success message should
appear.
Click to save the invoice receipt. The system confirms the creation with
a success message while asking you if you want to create a new supplier
invoice.
Task Display and review general ledger account balances. Time 5 Min.
Short Description Display, confirm the activity, and associated balance for
the rent expense account used in the previous step.
Name (Position) Silvia Cassano (AP Accountant)
Please go to the Financial Accounting space and choose the Accounts Payable Start
page. In the AP Accountant section, use the Display G/L Account Balances app
to display the expense balance.
You will receive a total list of balances for all periods for the current fiscal
year.
Click on the Debit amount in the current month to view the line items. On the
Display Line Items in General Ledger screen, expand the closed folder by
clicking on at the beginning of the line. Open the newly displayed folder for
your G/L account 631###5 by clicking on at the beginning of the new line.
You will see your previously created journal entry of the vendor invoice.
Task Display and review Accounts Payable balances and individual line Time 5 Min.
items.
Short Description Display and confirm the activity and associated balance
for the Accounts Payable for Cardinal Properties. Note that this transaction
is considered to be “open” which means that payment has not been sent to
Cardinal Properties as of this time.
Name (Position) Silvia Cassano (AP Accountant)
To view the AP balances, go to the space Financial Accounting and choose Start
the page Accounts Payable. In the AP Accountant section, use the Display
Supplier Balances app.
In the Supplier field, click the input help icon to find your vendor’s number.
###
In the Search Term field, enter your three-digit number (###) and press .
As a result, you will get the list of all suppliers assigned to you in Germany
and in the USA. Scroll down until you find Cardinal Properties. Select the
entry by clicking the checkbox at the beginning of the line and confirm it by
clicking on .
Back in the Display Supplier Balances screen, select the Company Code US00 US00
Current year
and choose as Fiscal Year the current year. Then press to display the
balances.
Click on the Credit amount in the current month to generate a list with all
items. As you can see, your journal entry has the clearing status (Open),
which means that the invoice has not been paid yet.
On the Post Outgoing Payments screen, enter Company Code US00, and select US00
Current date
the current date as the Posting Date and as the Journal Entry Date. In the Current date
Reference field enter Inv Cardinal ###, and as Period the current month. Inv Cardinal ###
Current month
For the G/L account, enter your created account 180###5, and for the Amount, 180###5
enter 1500 USD. Make sure that KZ (Vendor Payment) is selected as the 1500 USD
KZ
Journal Entry Type. Compare your entries with the following screenshot.
In the Open Item Selection area, check that as the Account Type Supplier is Supplier
Vendor Number
selected. As the Account ID enter your Vendor/Supplier Number for
Cardinal Properties. If necessary, use the input help as before.
Click on to generate the open items list. There should be only one
result line.
At the end of the line, select . You will see the balance in the
upper right corner . Compare your entries in the Items to Be
Cleared area with the following screenshot.
In the lower screen area, click on . You will get a success message. On
that pop-up message, select the button.
Task Display and review Accounts Payable balances and individual line Time 10 Min.
items.
Short Description Display and confirm the activity and associated balance
for the Accounts Payable for Cardinal Properties. Note that this transaction
is considered to be “open” which means that payment has not been sent to
Cardinal Properties as of this time.
Name (Position) Silvia Cassano (AP Accountant)
To view the AP balances again, go to the space Financial Accounting and Start
choose the page Accounts Payable. In the AP Accountant section, open the
Display Supplier Balances app.
In the Supplier field, click the input help icon to find your vendor’s number. ###
In the Search Term field, enter your three-digit number (###) and press .
As a result, you will get the list of all suppliers assigned to you in Germany
and in the USA. Scroll down until you have found Cardinal Properties. Select
the entry by clicking the checkbox at the beginning of the line and confirm
with .
Back in the Display Supplier Balances screen, select the Company Code US00 US00
Current year
and choose as Fiscal Year the current year. Then press to display the
balances.
Compared to the situation before, what do you notice concerning the vendor
payment? If necessary, look again at the screenshot of the same report two
steps ago.
In the current month line, click on the amount in the Debit column. You will
now get a result list with the detail data of your journal entry, which you can
recognize by the journaly entry type KZ (KZ = vendor payment).
First, click on the number of your journal entry. In the context menu that opens
use the button to find and add the Manage Journal Entry app.
Afterward, open the app.
At the top left, click on twice to close the detailed data of the journal entry
and to leave debit entry as well. Back in the Display Supplier Balances screen,
click on the amount in the current month’s Credit column.
If you remember, you were looking at the exact credit entry before you post
the vendor payment. What has changed? If necessary, look at the
corresponding screenshot from a few steps ago.
A balance sheet and a profit & loss statement show all G/L accounts in a Balance sheet
Profit and loss statement
structure previously defined in the balance sheet/P&L structure. With the help
of filters, you can focus your analysis on specific segments or profit centers.
In the Balance Sheet/Income Statement view, enter as Company Code US00 US00
G###
and as Statement Version G###. The currency is automatically determined
based on the selected company code. Leave the other pre-filled fields as they
are.
Click . You can see the period balances at the top hierarchy level.
Note Your screen or numbers may differ from the screenshot. These depend
on the number of tasks and case studies completed in the client before.
In front of Assets, click to expand the folder. Do the same with the folder
1 Current Assets. You should now also see your G/L account 180###5 (bank
account ###) in the Current Assets Category list.
Click on the Period Balance amount of your bank account. On the pop-up
menu please choose the Display G/L Balances app.
FI-AP Challenge
Motivation After you have successfully worked through the Financial Accounting – Accounts
Payable case study you should now be able to solve the following slightly different task on your
own.
Scenario The financial accounting module has now been tested without any errors. Therefore, the
corporate management has decided to use this module productively. As a first request, you should
pay the tool supplier Burgmeister Zubehör OHG in Germany. In order to do that, you will create
the cost element Tool expenses. During the creation of the invoice, you need to select the correct
cost center for this procurement. Subsequently, you will settle an invoice from Burgmeister
Zubehör OHG totaling 3,000.00 Euro. You will review its impact on the financial statement.
While you are operating in company code Germany (DE00) you will use 180###6 for the bank
account number, 330###6 for the reconciliation account, and 631###6 for the expense account.
Task Information Since this task is based on the Financial Accounting – Accounts Payable case
study you can use it as guidance. However, it is recommended that you solve it without any help in
order to test your acquired knowledge. Please pay specific attention to the different company code
and make sure that you have created all necessary G/L accounts.