Level-I

Chapter 6

Permutations and Combinations

Solutions

[Permutations]
1. Answer (1)
Ten thousands place cannot assume 4 since required numbers are greater than 50000.

 Required arrangements = 4 × 4P4 = 4 × 24 = 96

2. Answer (1)
Any 5 soldiers can stand in one row and the remaining 5 soldiers can stand in other row.
 Required numbers of arrangements = 10P
5 × 5P5 = 3628800
3. Answer (2)
To open the first lock, maximum number of trial is n.
Similarly to open subsequent locks, maximum number of trials is n – 1, n – 2, ……..
n(n  1)
Maximum number of trials = n  (n  1)  (n  2)  ...1 =  105
2
n(n  1) = 14 × 15

 n = 14.
4. Answer (3)
Number of letter in the word COMMITTEE is 9 out of these M occurs twice, T occurs twice, E occurs twice
and remaining are different.

9!
 Number of arrangement = 2! 2! 2! = 45360

Now, there are 4 vowels O, I, E, E in the given word, taking them as one letter, we have to arrange 6 letters
which include 2M’s and 2T’s.
6!
 Number of arrangements = 2! 2! = 180 ways.

4!
Number of arrangements of 4 vowels = = 12
2!
 Number of arrangements in which four vowels always come together = 180 × 12 = 2160.
Hence, required number of arrangements = 45360 – 2160 = 43200

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 2 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

5. Answer (4)
When L and T are fixed as first and last letters of the word, then we have, only 6 letters to be arranged.
6!
Hence, required number of arrangements = = 90
2! 2! 2!
6. Answer (1)
Number of signals using single flag is 5P1
Number of signals using two different flags is 5P2
Number of signals using three different flags is 5P3
Number of signals using four different flags is 5P4
Number of signals using five different flags is 5P5
 Required number different signals = 5P5 + 5P4 + 5P3 + 5P2 + 5P1
= 120 + 120 + 60 + 20 + 5
= 325
7. Answer (2)
Number of permutations of n different objects, taken k at a time, when repetitions are allowed is given by nk.
8. Answer (1)
A number will be even number if its unit digit is 2 or 4. Number greater than 300 may be of 3-digit numbers, 4-
digit numbers or 5-digit numbers.
Case-I : 3-digit numbers
When 2 is fixed at unit place, we have 3, 4 and 5 i.e., three digits for filling hundreds place and
remaining 3-digits for filling tens place. Similarly, when 4 is fixed at the unit place, hundred place
can be filled by 2 choices and the ten’s digit can be filled by 3 choices. 
 Number of 3-digit numbers = 9 + 6
= 15
Case-II : 4-digit numbers
For unit digit, avaible choice is 2 and the remaining digits can be arranged in 4P3 ways.
 Number of 4-digit numbers = 2 × 4P3
= 48
Case-III : 5-digit numbers
Unit digit, can be arranged in 2 ways and the remaining digits can be arranged in 4P4 ways.
Number of 5-digit numbers = 2 × 4P4
= 48
Hence, total number of numbers greater than 300 is 15 + 48 + 48 = 111.
9. Answer (1)
Since, the same subject are to placed together
 Number of arrangements of placing Physics = 6! = 720
Number of arrangements of placing Chemistry = 3! = 6
Number of arrangements of placing Biology = 4! = 24
Set of 6 books of Physics, 3 of Chemistry and 4 of Biology can arranged themselves in 3! ways.
Required number of arrangements of sets of books = 720 × 6 × 24 × 3!
= 622080

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 3
10. Answer (2)
Number of letters in the word TAMANNA = 7. Out of these there are 3A’s and 2N’s and the remaining letters
are different.

7!
 Required number of arrangements = 3! 2! = 420

11. Answer (1)

Number of letters in the word HALLUCINATION = 13
Number of consonants = 7
Out of these there are 2 L’s, 2N’s and remaining are different.

7!
Number of arrangements of consonants =
2! 2!

Let set of consonants as single letter, then remaining letters in the word HALLUCINATION is 7, in which there
are 2A’s, 2I’s and the remaining are different

7!
 Number of arrangements = 2! 2!

Hence, required number of arrangements of the word HALLUCINATION if all consonants are together

2
7! 7!  7! 
  
2! 2! 2! 2!  2! 2! 

12. Answer (2)

15!
Required number of arrangements =
3! 5!7!

13. Answer (2)

Each digit can be filled by any one of the 10 digits.
 Required number of telephone numbers = 106
14. Answer (3)
n.(n r  1)
Required number = n + n2 + ……nr =
n 1
15. Answer (2)

..................... n
th

3 ways 3 ways 3 ways

3n  900
 n=7
16. Answer (1)
PAPAYA
6!
Total number of arrangements without restriction =  60
3!2!

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 4 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

5!
Total number of arrangements when both (P) are together =  20
3!
Total number of arrangement when no two ‘P’ are together

= 60 – 20 = 40

17. Answer (3)

Vowels are A, E

In half of arrangements, A will come before E and in half of arrangement E will come before A.

6! 720
 Number of ways in which vowels will in alphabetical order =   360
2 2
18. Answer (4)

Alphabetical order of word SACHIN is ACHINS

Total no. of word beginning from A, C, H, I, N is 5 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1

= 600

SACHIN is the 1st word beginning from ‘S’.

 Rank of SACHIN is 601.

[Combinations]
19. Answer (2)

If 3 particular members are included, then remaining 4 members are selected out of the 8 members. It can be
done in 8C4 ways.

8!
8C = = 70
4 4! 4!

20. Answer (2)

Total number of seats = 2( 4 + 3) = 14

Total number of persons = 3 + 10 = 13

14P
 Number of required arrangements = 13

21. Answer (1)

Only red balls is selected

Number of total red balls = 7

Number of selected red balls = 3

 Required number of selection = 7C3 = 35

22. Answer (2)

Required number of ways is 10C6

23. Answer (1)

Required number of permutations = 4P2

= 4C2 × 2! [ nP
r = r! nCr]

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 5
24. Answer (2)
Let number of players = n

 Number of games played = nC2

According to the question,
nC = 105
2

 n(n – 1) = 210

 n(n – 1) = 14 × 15

 n = 15.
25. Answer (3)
Each chocolate can be selected in 3 ways. i.e., 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36 ways
26. Answer (4)
For each selection of two students number of cards exchanged is 2.

40
 Total number of cards = C2  2 = 40 × 39 = 1560

27. Answer (2)

Number of ways of selecting 3 balls without any restriction = 9C3 .

Number of ways when no red ball is selected = 6C3 .

Required number of ways = 9C3  6C3  64 .

28. Answer (1)

First of all the 6 students can be arranged in 6! ways then 4 teachers can be arranged in 7 places in 7P4 ways.
 Required number of arrangements = 6! × 7P4
= 720 × 840 = 604800
29. Answer (3)

13
For first table, 8 guest can be selected and arranged in C8  7! ways.

Now remaining 5 on another table can be arranged in 4! ways

13! 13!
 Required number of ways = C8  7!  4! = 8!5!  7!  4!  40
13

[Geometric Problems]
30. Answer (2)
Total number of lines formed by 12 points = 12C
2

Number of lines formed by 4 points = 4C2

 Required number of lines = Total lines formed by 12 points – number of lines formed by 4 collinear
points + 1
= 12C – 4C2 + 1 = 61
2

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 6 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

31. Answer (4)

A triangle can be formed by joining 3 non-collinear points. Hence number of triangles is equal to the number of
ways in which 3 points can be selected out of 10 non-collinear points.
10C
 Number of triangles = 3 = 120
32. Answer (2)

Tn 1  Tn  21

n 1
C3  nC3  21

 n = 7.
33. Answer (3)
When A is not included

m
mn(m  n  2)
Number of triangles = C2  nC1  mC1  nC2 =
2
When A is included

mn(m  n  2) m mn(m  n )
Number of triangles =  C1 . nC1 =
2 2

mn2
Required ratio =
mn
34. Answer (2)
7
Required number = C2  C2   (9  r )(8  r )
9 8

r 1

 7(7  1)(15)  17(7)(7  1)

= 36  28  72  7    
 6 2

= 1008 – 504 – 140 + 476 = 840

[Miscellaneous]
35. Answer (1)

 1 1 1 1
Required number of ways = 4!  1      = 12 – 4 + 1 = 9.
1! 2! 3! 4!

36. Answer (2)

A vote can voter maximum 4 votes and minimum 1 vote

10
 Required number of ways = C1  10C2  10C3  10C4

= 10 + 45 + 120 + 210 = 385

37. Answer (3)

N  22.32.52.72
Prime divisors = 4 (2, 3, 5, 7)

 Required number = 241  23

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 7
38. Answer (1)

Required number of ways = coeff. of x8 in (1 x  x 2  ...  x 9 )4

= 8+4–1C = 11C = 165

4–1 3

39. Answer (2)

The number of ways in which all boys can be sit around a round table is 3! and hence they create and such
voids, and they can be arranged in 4! ways = 3! 4!.
40. Answer (1)

 1 1 1 1 1 
15!  1     .....  
 1! 2! 3! 4! 15! 
Clearly this is equal to the number of dearrangement.
41. Answer (64)
42. Answer (510)
43. Answer (292)

Previous Years Questions

[Permutations]
44. Answer (1)

Number of numbers with ‘1’ digit = 4 = 4

Number of numbers with ‘2’ digits = 4 × 5 = 20

Number of numbers with ‘3’ digits = 4 × 5 × 5

= 100

Number of numbers with ‘4’ digits = 2 × 5 × 5 × 5

= 250

Total number of numbers = 4 + 20 + 100 + 250 = 374

45. Answer (1)

There are total 9 digits; out of which only 3 digits are odd.

Number of ways to arrange odd digits first

4 3
= C3 
2

Total number of 9 digit numbers

4 3 6
=  C3   
 2 2 4

= 180

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 8 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

46. Answer (4)

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

5 = 6 × 6 × 6 = 216

6 6 6

4 5 = 6 × 6 = 36

6 6

4 4 = 6 × 6 = 36

6 6

4 3 = 3 × 6 = 18

(5/4/3) 3 6

4 3 2 =4

4
 Required numbers = 216 + 36 + 36 + 18 + 4 = 310
47. Answer (1)
8 1

except ‘0’ and ‘2’ only ‘2’

There are eight options on first place (except the digits 0 and 2) and only one option at fourth place (digit ‘2’).
Remaining three places can be occupied by any three digits out of 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
Number of such numbers = 8 × 8 × 7 × 6 = 336 k
k = 8
48. Answer (2)

Number of arrangement   3  3  4   3   3  4
3

49. Answer (4)

Digits to be used 1, 2, 2, 3
Total contribution of 3 
(3 + 30 + 300 + 3000) = 9999
Similarly total contribution of 1 
(1 + 10 + 100 + 1000)3 = 3333
And Total contribution of 2 
(2 + 20 + 200 + 2000)6 = 13332
 Sum of number = 26664

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 9
50. Answer (309)
EHMORT in alphabetical order

Rank = 2 × 5! + 2 × 4! + 3 × 3! + 2! + 1
= 309
51. Answer (120)
For vowels not together

4!
1st arrange L,T,T, R in ways
2!
Then put both E in 5 gaps formed in 5C ways
2

4! 5
 No. of ways  . C2  120
2!
52. Answer (300)
In single digit numbers = 1
In double digit numbers = 10 + 9 = 19
In triple digit numbers = 100 + 90 + 90 = 280
Total = 300 times
53. Answer (96)
4 4 3 2 1

No restriction
2,4,6,8
Total number of numbers = 4 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 96
54. Answer (576)
Total possible words = 6! = 720
When 4 consonants are together (V, W, L, S)
Total case  .

0, E, V W L S

Such cases = 3!  4! = 144

Required cases = 720 – 144 = 576
55. Answer (100)
For divisible by 55 it shall be divisible by 11 and 5 both, for divisibility by 5 unit digit shall be 0 or 5 but as
the number is six digit palindrome unit digit is 5.

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10 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

 Number is of form 5_ _ _ _5
 Now for divisibility by 11 remaining odd places have 10 options each & then even place will have same
value as their difference of sum shall be multiple of +1.
 No. of ways = 10 × 10 = 100
56. Answer (40)
Let student marks x correct answers and y incorrect. So

3x – 2y = 5 and x + y  5 where x, y  W

Only possible solution is (x, y) = (3, 2)

Student can mark correct answer by only one choice but for incorrect answer, there are two choices. So total
number of ways of scoring 5 marks = 5C3(1)3. (2)2 = 40
57. Answer (576)

Sum of all given numbers = 31

I II III IV V VI VII
Difference between odd and even positions must be 0, 11 or 22, but 0 and 22 are not possible.

 Only difference 11 is possible

This is possible only when either 1, 2, 3, 4 is filled in odd position in some order and remaining in other order.
Similar arrangements of 2, 3, 5 or 7, 2, 1 or 4, 5, 1 at even positions.

 Total possible arrangements = (4! × 3!) × 4 = 576

58. Answer (18915)

There are 98 sets of three consecutive integer and 97 sets of four consecutive integers.

Using principle of inclusion and exclusion,

Number of permutations of b1b2b3b4 = Number of permutations when b1b2b3 are consecutive + Number of
permutations when b2b3b4 are consecutive – Number of permutations when b1b2 b3b4 are consecutive

= 97 × 98 + 97 × 98 – 97 = 97 × 195 = 18915.

59. Answer (7073)

If password is 6 character long, then

Total number of ways having atleast one number = 106 – 56

Similarly, if 7 character long = 107 – 57

and if 8-character long = 108 – 58

Number of password = (106 + 107 + 108) – (56 + 57 + 58)

= 56 (26 + 5.27 + 25.28 – 1 – 5 – 25)

= 56(64 + 640 + 6400 – 31)

= 7073 × 56

  = 7073.

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 11
[Combinations]
60. Answer (4)
Firstly select 2 girls by 5C2 ways.
3 boys can be selected in 3 ways.
(i) Selection of A and selection of any 2 other boys (except B) in 5C2 ways
(ii) Selection of B and selection of any 2 two other boys (except A) in 5C2 ways
(iii) Selection of 3 boys (except A and B) in 15C ways
3

 Number of ways = 5C2 (5C2 + 5C2 + 5C3) = 300

61. Answer (4)
mC × 2 = mC1 · 2C1 × 2 + 84
2

m(m – 1) = 4m + 84
m2 – 5m – 84 = 0
m2 – 12m – 7m – 84 = 0
m(m – 12) +7 (m – 12) = 0
m = 12, m=–7
 m>0
m = 12
62. Answer (3)
Here, m = 8C6 · 5C5 + 8C7 · 5C4 + 8C8 · 5C3 = 78
n = 5C3 · 8C8 + 5C4 · 8C7 + 5C5 · 8C6 = 78
So, m = n = 78
63. Answer (3)
Number of ways of selecting three persons such that there is atleast one boy and atleast one girl in the
selected persons
= n+5C – nC3 – 5C3 = 1750
3

(n  5)(n  4)(n  3) n (n  1)(n  2)

   1760
6 6

 n2 + 3n – 700 = 0
 n = – 28 (rejected) or n = 25
64. Answer (1)
Each section has 5 questions.
 Total number of selection of 5 questions
= 3 × 5C1 × 5C1 × 5C3 + 3 × 5C1 × 5C2 × 5C2
= 3 × 5 × 5 × 10 + 3 × 5 × 10 × 10
= 750 + 1500
= 2250

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12 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

65. Answer (2)

Given xyz = 24 = 23 × 3
So total number of positive integral solutions (x, y, z)
= 3 + 3 – 1C × 1 + 3 – 1C
3–1 3–1
= 5C × 3C
2 2
= 10 × 3
= 30
66. Answer (1)
Combination of digits
7!
3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1   42
5!

7!
2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1   35
4! 3!

Total = 42 + 35 = 77
67. Answer (4)
Total matches of boys can be arranged in 7 × 4 = 28 ways
Total matches of girls can be arranged in n × 6 = 6n ways
Given 28 + 6n = 52
n = 4.
68. Answer (2454)
EXAMINATION has letter distribution as follows
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2 A , 2N, 2 I , E, X, M, T, O
Case-I, When all letters are different

 8C4  4  1680

Case-II, Two are same and two are different

3 7 4
 C1  C2 
2

Case-III, Two same of one kind and two same of other kind

3 4
 C2 
2 2
 Total ways = 1680 + 756 + 18 = 2454
69. Answer (54)
x + y + z = 10, x  1, y  0, z  0
Let x – 1 = x
x + y + z = 9, x, y, z  0
9  3–1
Number of solutions are C2  11 C2 = 55
But for x = 9  x = 10 which is not possible.
 Total required numbers = 55 – 1 = 54

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 13
70. Answer (135)
Select any 4 questions in 6C4 ways which are correct
Number of ways of answering wrong question = 3
 Required number of ways = 6C4 × 32 = 135
71. Answer (240)
LLSSYABU
For two alike and two distinct letters, select any one pair from LL, SS in 2C1 ways

4!
Now from rest, select any 2 in 5C2 ways and they can be arranged in ways
2!

2 5 4!
 Required number of ways = C1  C2  = 240
2!
72. Answer (777)
There will be total three cases.
(i) 4 Bowlers + 5 Batsmen + 2 WK
No. of ways = 6C4.7C5.2C2 = 315
(ii) 4 Bowlers + 6 Batsmen + 1 WK
No. of ways = 6C4.7C6.2C1 = 210
(iii) 5 Bowlers + 5 Batsmen + 1WK
No. of ways = 6C5.7C5.2C1 = 252
Total number of ways = 777
73. Answer (56)
First we arrange 5 red cubes in a row and assume x1, x2, x3, x4, x5 and x6 number of blue cubes between
them

     
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6

Here, x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 = 11

and x2, x3, x4, x5  2

So x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 = 3
No. of solutions = 8C5 = 56
74. Answer (17)
b
C · gC = 168
3 2

b( b  1) ( b  2) g ( g  1)
 ·  168
6 2

 b(b – 1) (b – 2) g(g – 1) = 25·32· 7

 b(b – 1) (b – 2) g(g – 1) = 6. 7. 8. 3. 2
 b = 8 and g = 3

 b + 3g = 17

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14 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

[Geometric Problems]
75. Answer (3)
Required number of beams
= 20C – 20
2

= 190 – 20
= 170
76. Answer (4)
Total number of triangles = 14C3 – 3C3 – 5C3 – 6C3
= 364 – 31 = 333
[Miscellaneous]
77. Answer (4)
Domain and codomain = {1, 2, 3, ..., 20}.
There are five multiple of 4 as 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20.
and there are 6 multiple of 3 as 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18.
whenever k is multiple of 4 then f(k) is multiple of 3 then total number of arrangement
= 6C5 × 5! = 6!
Remaining 15 are arrange is 15! ways.
 given function in onto
 Total number of arrangement = 15!  6!
78. Answer (3)

2 nC5  nC4  nC6

n n
C4 C6
2 n
 n
C5 C5

5 n 5
2 
n4 6
 12(n – 4) = 30 + n2 – 9n + 20
 n2 – 21n + 98 = 0
(n – 7) (n – 14) = 0
(n – 7) (n – 14) = 0
n = 7, n = 14
79. Answer (2)

r
  r  1  r Pr 1  (r  1)   r 1
1

So 2  P
1
0 
– 3  2P1  ......51 terms +  1– 2  3 – ........upto 51 terms 

= 2– 3  4 – ......  52   1– 2  3 – .....  51

= 52  1  52  1

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Solutions of Assignment (Level-I) Permutations and Combinations 15
80. Answer (3)

n
Pr  n Pr 1

n! n!
 
   r  1!
n  r ! n 

 (n – r)· (n – r – 1)! = (n – r – 1)!

 (n – r – 1)! (n – r – 1) = 0
 n–r–1=0 ...(i)
nC = nCr–1
r

n! n!
 
r!  n  r  !  n  r  1 !· r  1 !

 r=n–r+1
n – 2r = –1 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii) : r = 2, n = 3
81. Answer (5143)
A = set of all four digit integers divisible by 7.
B = set of all four digit integers divisible by 3.

 9000 
n  A     1285
 7 

 9000 
n B      3000
 3 

 9000 
n  A  B     428
 21 

n  A  B   3857

 
n A  B  9000  3857

= 5143
82. Answer (1120)
Required number of ways = Total ways of selection – ways in which B1 and B2 are present together.

 10C3  5C3  8C1  5C3  10 120  8  = 1120

83. Answer (2)

Case 1: If f(3) = 3 then f(1) and f(2) take 1 OR 2
No. of ways = 26 = 12
Case 2: If f(3) = 5 then f(1) and f(2) take 2 OR 3
OR 1 and 4
Number of ways = 262 = 24

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16 Permutations and Combinations Solutions of Assignment (Level-I)

Case 3: If f(3) = 2 then f(1) = f(2) = 1

No. of ways = 6
Case 4: If f(3) = 4 then f(1) = f(2) = 2
No. of ways = 6
OR f(1) and f(2) take 1 and 3
No. of ways = 12
Case 5: If f(3) = 6 then f(1) = f(2) = 3  6 ways
OR f(1) and f(2) take 1 and 5  12 ways
OR f(2) and f(1) take 2 and 4  12 ways

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