MATH

O LEVEL
4024
Vectors

Past Papers
(Paper 2)
 Vectors - P2

Q1) (a) In a swimming match between two schools, C and D, two students from each school took part in
each event.
The number of places each school gained in each position is shown in the table.

First Second Third Fourth

School C 6 3 5 6
School D 4 7 5 4

The points awarded for First, Second, Third and Fourth places were 5, 3, 1 and 0 respectively.

Matrices related to this information are defined below.

()
5

A=
( 6 3 5 6
4 7 5 4 ) and B=
3
1
0

(i) What does the sum of the elements in each column of A represent? [1]
(ii) (a) Find AB. [2]
(b) What information is shown by AB? [1]
(iii) It was suggested that the points awarded for First, Second, Third and Fourth places should
have been 5, 3, 2 and 1 respectively.
Would this suggestion have made any difference to which school won this match?
Show clear working to justify your answer. [1]

(b) In the diagram, Y

→
OP = p,
→ Q
OQ = q,
→
PY = kq, kq
→ 1→ q
PX = PQ.
3 X

O p P

→
(i) Express PX in terms of p and q. [1]
→
(ii) Express OX in terms of p and q. [1]
→
(iii) Express QY in terms of k, p and q. [1]
(iv) Given that OX is parallel to QY, find the value of k. [2]
(v) The line OX, when produced, meets PY at Z.
→
Express PZ in terms of q. [2]

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Q2) C B
Z X

D O A
a

E F

A regular hexagon, ABCDEF, has centre O.

→ →
OA = a and OB = b.

(a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b,

→
(i) DO, [1]
→
(ii) AB, [1]
→
(iii) DB. [1]

(b) Explain why |a| = |b| = |b–a|. [1]

(c) The points X, Y and Z are such that

→ → →
OX = a + b, OY = a – 2b and OZ = b – 2a.
(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b,
→
(a) AX, [1]
→
(b) YX. [1]
(ii) What can be deduced about Y, A and X? [1]
→
(d) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b, the vector XZ. [1]

(e) Show that triangle XYZ is equilateral. [2]

Area of triangle OAB

(f) Calculate . [2]
Area of triangle XYZ

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Q3) y
D

O A x

B M C

In the diagram, A is the point (6, 0) and B is the point (0, – 4).
OACB is a rectangle and M is the midpoint of BC.
→ →
CA = AD .

(a) Describe, fully, the symmetry of quadrilateral ODAB. [2]

(b) Express as column vectors

→
(i) CD , [1]
→
(ii) OC , [1]
→
(iii) DO. [1]

(c) What type of triangle is OCD? [1]

(d) The transformation P maps the rectangle OBCA onto the quadrilateral OBAD.
It also maps M onto M⬘.

(i) Write down the coordinates of M⬘. [1]

(ii) Identify the transformation P. [1]

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冢 冣 冢冣 冢 冣
→ –2 → 1 → 1 →
Q4) (a) Given that PQ = , QR = and RS = , find PS . [1]
3 0 –5

(b) C
B
F
E
D

A
→ → →
In the diagram, AB = 2b, AD = 3a and DF = b – a.
E is the midpoint of AB and F is the midpoint of DC.

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b,

→
(a) EA , [1]
→
(b) DC , [1]
→
(c) EF , [1]
→
(d) BC . [1]

(ii) (a) Give the special name of the quadrilateral ABCD.

Give your reason. [2]
(b) Find the ratio 冏 BC 冏 : 冏 EF 冏 : 冏 AD 冏 .
→ → →
[1]

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(c)
B F
C

E
D

O 146°

Circle I

A Circle II

Points A, B, C and D lie on Circle I.

O is the centre of Circle I.
Points A, O, E, C and F lie on Circle II.
AEB and ADF are straight lines.
Angle AOC = 146°.

Giving your reasons, write down

(i) CÊA, [1]

(ii) CB̂A, [1]
(iii) CF̂A, [1]
(iv) DĈF. [1]

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Q5) (a) The diagram shows triangles A, B, C and D.

y
4

3
D
2
B
1
C

–11 –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 x
–1
A
–2

–3

(i) Describe fully the single transformation that maps ∆A onto ∆B. [2]
(ii) Describe fully the single transformation that maps ∆B onto ∆C. [2]
(iii) Describe fully the single transformation that maps ∆C onto ∆D. [2]
(iv) Write down the matrix that represents the transformation which maps ∆C onto ∆A. [1]

(b) In the diagram, R

OT = 3OP, RS = 16RT and S
Q is the midpoint of PR.
→ →
OP = p and PQ = q.
Q
q

O T
p P

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and q,

→
(a) OR , [1]
→
(b) RT , [1]
→
(c) QS . [2]
(ii) Write down the value of QS . [1]
OR

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→
Q6) (a) PQ =

 12
–35
→
and QR =


4 .
14
P

(i) Find
→ R
(a)  PQ  , [1]
→
(b) PR . [1]
→
(ii) Given that T is the midpoint of QR, find PT . Q [2]
(iii) PQRS is a parallelogram.
The coordinates of R are (6 , 16).
Find the coordinates of S. [2]

(b) y
4
A
3

1
B
C
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–1

–2

The diagram shows triangle ABC.

(i) Find the area of triangle ABC. [1]
(ii) An enlargement, scale factor 4, maps triangle ABC onto triangle LMN.
The point A maps onto the point L(10 , 3).
(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of enlargement. [1]
(b) Write down the area of triangle LMN. [1]
(iii) A shear, with the x-axis invariant, maps triangle ABC onto triangle DEF.
The point A maps onto the point D(7 , 3).
(a) Find the coordinates of E, the image of B. [2]
(b) Write down the area of triangle DEF. [1]

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Q7) (a) A
114°

B 38° D
17

9 10

In the diagram, BD = 17 cm, CD = 10 cm, BC = 9 cm, BÂD = 114° and AB̂D = 38°.

Calculate

(i) AD , [3]

(ii) BĈD . [3]

(b)
R
S

Q T
q
P
O p

In the diagram, OQ = QS , QR = 2PQ and ST = 2RS.

OP = p and PQ = q .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q ,

(a) OQ, [1]

(b) RS , [1]

(c) OS , [1]

(d) OT. [1]

(ii) Hence write down two facts about O, P and T. [2]

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Q8) (a)
O S p P

T q

R Q

In the diagram, OPQR is a parallelogram.

OP = p and OQ = q.
S is the point on OP such that OS : SP is 1 : 3.
T is the midpoint of OR.

Giving your answers in their simplest form, find, in terms of p and q,

(i) QP , [1]

(ii) TS . [2]

(b) In triangle WXY, WX = 24 cm, WY = 17 cm X

and XŴY = 55°. 24

W 55°

17

Y
Diagram I
(i) Calculate

(a) the area of triangle WXY, [2]

(b) XY. [4]

1
(ii) [Volume of a pyramid = 3 × base area × height] V

The triangle WXY shown in Diagram I forms the 15 X

horizontal base of the triangular pyramid VWXY,
shown in Diagram II. W Z

The vertex V is vertically above Z, a point on WX.

1
WV = 15 cm and WZ = WX.
4 Y

Diagram II
(a) Calculate VZ. [2]

(b) Hence find the volume of the pyramid. [1]

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Q9) (a)
B F C

E
G

H
D

   
⎯→ 4 ⎯→ 2 ⎯→ 8
In the diagram, ABCD is a quadrilateral where AB = 8 , BC = 0 and CD = –12 .
E, F, G and H are the midpoints of AB, BC, CD and DA respectively.
⎯→
(i) Find AD . [1]
⎯→
(ii) Calculate AD . [2]
(iii) Show that EF and HG are opposite sides of a parallelogram. [2]

(b) The diagram shows triangle P.

4
P

-2 0 2 4 6 x

Triangle Q has vertices (–2, 4), (6, 0) and (6, 4).

Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle P onto triangle Q. [3]

(c) The transformation represented by the matrix

W (0, 1) onto OU´V´W´.
5
0  2
3 
maps the square O (0, 0), U(1, 0), V(1, 1),

(i) Find the coordinates of U´, V´ and W´. [2]

(ii) Find the matrix that represents the transformation that maps OU´V´W´ onto OUVW. [2]

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冢
Q10) (a) A = –1 2
3 –1 冣 and B =
冢–34 –12冣 . Do not
write in this
margin

(i) Find AB.

Answer [2]

(ii) Find B–1.

Answer [2]

冢 冣 冢 冣
→ 12 → –4
(b) PQ = and QR = .
5 1

→
(i) Calculate 兩 PQ 兩.

Answer ........................................ [2]

→
(ii) Find PR .

Answer [1]
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Q11) (a) Do not

A Y B write in this
margin
r

C
F
q X

E 2p D

In the diagram, ABCDEF is a hexagon with rotational symmetry of order 2.

→ → →
ED = 2p, EF = q and AF = r.
X is the midpoint of CD and Y is the point on AB such that AY : YB is 3 : 1.

(i) How many lines of symmetry does ABCDEF have?

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of one or more of the vectors p, q and r,
→
(a) EA ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(b) FC ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(c) FY ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

→
(d) YX .

Answer ........................................ [1]

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(b) Do not
P Q write in this
margin
95° 140°

R
U

T S

PQRSTU is a similar hexagon to ABCDEF.

UP̂ S = 95º and PQ̂ R = 140º.

Find

(i) QP̂ S,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) PŜ R,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(iii) PÛ T.

Answer ........................................ [1]

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Q12) ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with centre O. Do not

write in this
A B margin

F C
O

E D

(a) (i) Find AÔ B.

Answer ......................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why AO = BC.

Answer ......................................................................................................................... [1]

→ →
(b) OA = a and OB = b.

G is the point on AB such that AG : GB is 1 : 3.

H is the midpoint of BC.

A G B

H
a b
F C
O

E D

Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and b,

→
(i) AB ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

→
(ii) FB ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

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→ Do not
(iii) OG , write in this
margin

Answer ......................................... [2]

→
(iv) OH ,

Answer ......................................... [1]

→
(v) GH .

Answer ......................................... [2]

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Q13) OAB is a triangle and OBDC is a rectangle where OD and BC intersect at E. Do not
3
F is the point on CD such that CF = 4 CD. write in this
margin
OA = a, OB = b and OC = c.
A
a

b
O B

c
E

C F D

(a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of one or more of the vectors a, b and c,

(i) AB ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) OE ,

Answer ........................................ [1]

(iii) EF .

Answer ........................................ [2]

3 2
(b) G is the point on AB such that OG = 5 a + 5 b.

(i) Express AG in terms of a and b.

Give your answer as simply as possible.

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) Find AG : GB.

Answer .................. : ................. [1]

(iii) Express FG in terms of a, b and c.

Give your answer as simply as possible.

Answer ........................................ [2]

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Q14) (a) E, F, G and H are the midpoints of Do not

AB, BC, CD and DA respectively. C write in this

AB = p, AD = q and BC = r. r margin

F
B G

p
E
H D
q
A
(i) Find, in terms of p, q and r as appropriate

(a) EF ,

Answer ..................................... [1]

(b) DC ,

Answer ..................................... [1]

(c) HG , expressing the vector as simply as possible.

Answer ..................................... [2]

(ii) What conclusions can be drawn about the lines EF and HG?

Answer ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Do not
y write in this
margin
8

7
L
6

3
A
2

í5 í4 í3 í2 í1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
í1

í2

The grid shows triangle A and line L.

(i) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle B by a reflection in line L.

Draw and label triangle B. [2]

(ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by a clockwise rotation of 90°, centre (0, 3).

Draw and label triangle C. [2]

(iii) Triangle C is mapped onto triangle D by a reflection in line L.

Describe the single transformation that maps triangle B onto triangle D.

Answer ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [3]

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Q15) (a) Do not

D write in this
margin

B
q C

O A
E p

B is the midpoint of OD and E is the midpoint of OA.

C is the point on AB such that AC : CB = 2 : 1.
OA = p and OB = q.

(i) Find, in terms of p and q,

(a) AB ,

Answer .................................... [1]

(b) CD ,

Answer .................................... [1]

(c) ED .

Answer .................................... [1]

(ii) Use your answers to parts (i)(b) and (i)(c) to make two statements about the points E, C
and D.

Answer ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(b) Do not
y write in this
margin
8

3
A
2

í5 í4 í3 í2 í1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
í1
L
í2

The diagram shows triangle A and line L.

(i) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle B by a reflection in line L.

Draw and label triangle B. [2]

(ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by an anticlockwise rotation of 90°, centre (0, 3).

Draw and label triangle C. [2]

(iii) Triangle C is mapped onto triangle D by a reflection in line L.

Describe the single transformation that maps triangle B onto triangle D.

Answer ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [3]

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     Section B[48marks] For

Examiner’s
     Answerfourquestionsinthissection. Use

     Eachquestioninthissectioncarries12marks.

4x - 3
Q16) (a)     f (x) =
2
Find

(i) f(–2),

Answer f(–2)=................................. [1]

(ii) f–1(x),

Answer f–1(x)=................................ [2]

(iii) thevalueofgsuchthatf(2g)=g.

Answer  g=........................................ [2]

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(b) For
B Examiner’s
Use
C
A

BADandCAEarestraightlinesandBCisparalleltoED.
1 12
BA = c m, ED = c m and BA = 1 BD .
-2 -3 4
(i) DescribefullythesingletransformationthatmapstriangleABContotriangleADE.

Answer..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Calculate BA .

Answer  ............................................... [1]

(iii) FindCD.

(iv) FisthemidpointofBD.
Answer
  [2]

Find EF .

Answer
  [2]

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Q17) (a) ABCD is a parallelogram. For

Examiner’s
Use

J- 4N J1N
AB = K O and BC = K O .
L 2P L4P
(i) Find BD.

(ii) Calculate AC .
Answer
  [1]

Answer ................................................ [2]

(iii) The parallelogram ABCD is mapped onto the parallelogram PBQR.

J- 12N J 3N
PB = K O and BQ = K O .
L 6P L12P
(a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps the parallelogram ABCD onto
the parallelogram PBQR.

Answer ......................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. [2]
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(b) S is the midpoint of PQ. For

Examiner’s
Find SR. Use

Answer
  [2]

3x + 2
(b) f (x) =
5
Find

(i) f (–4),

Answer f (–4) = .................................. [1]

(ii) the value of g such that f(g) = 7,

Answer g = ......................................... [2]

(iii) f –1 (x).

Answer f –1 (x) = ................................. [2]

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Q18) (a) For

B F C Examiner’s
Use

G
E

6
(i) AD = c m
1
Calculate AD .

Answer ................................................ [1]

1
(ii) AE = c m
2
H is the midpoint of AD.

Find EH .

Answer f p [2]

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1.5 0.5
(iii) BF = c m CG = c m For
0 -1.5 Examiner’s
Use
F is the midpoint of BC.

Find FG .

Answer f p [1]

(iv) Use your answers to parts (ii) and (iii) to complete the following statement.

The lines EH and FG are ............................................. and ............................................. [1]

(v) Given that E is the midpoint of AB, show that G is the midpoint of CD.

[2]

Turn over for The reST of ThIS queSTIon

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(b) y For
Examiner’s
7 Use

A
4

O 1 2 3 4 5 x
Triangle A has vertices (1, 2), (1, 5) and (3, 5).

(i) An enlargement, centre (1, 2), scale factor 1.5, maps triangle A onto triangle B.

Draw triangle B. [2]

(ii) An enlargement, centre (1, 2), scale factor - 0.5, maps triangle A onto triangle C.

Draw triangle C. [2]

(iii) Find the ratio area of triangle C : area of triangle B.

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

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1 -2
Q19) (a) p = c m q =c m
-3 0

(i) Find p .

Answer .................................................... [1]

(ii) On the unit grid below, draw and label the vector p − q.

[2]

(iii) The vector r is shown on the unit grid below.

It is given that r = ap + bq .

Find the values of a and b.

Answer a = ..............................................

b = .............................................. [2]

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(b) The diagram shows triangles A and B.

y
6

A
2

x
–6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8

B
–2

–4

(i) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle B.

Answer ......................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

1 0
(ii) The transformation represented by the matrix c m maps triangle A onto triangle C.
0 2
(a) Find the coordinates of the vertices of triangle C.

Answer (............ , ............) , (............ , ............) , (............ , ............) [2]

(b) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle C.

Answer ..............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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Q20) (a) In this question you may use the grid below to help you.
J4N J 8N
The point P has position vector KK OO and the point Q has position vector KK OO .
2 -3
L P L P
(i) Find PQ.

J N
K O
Answer K O [1]
KK OO
L P
(ii) Find PQ .

Answer .................................................... [1]

(iii) Find the equation of the line PQ.

Answer .................................................... [2]

(iv) Given that Q is the midpoint of the line PR, find the coordinates of R.

Answer ( ...................... , ...................... ) [2]

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(b)
D

B
b

O C
a A

In the diagram triangles OAB and OCD are similar.

OA = a , OB = b and BC = 4a - b .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or b

(a) AB,

Answer .................................................... [1]

(b) AC ,

Answer .................................................... [1]

(c) CD.

Answer .................................................... [2]

(ii) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio

(a) perimeter of triangle OAB : perimeter of triangle OCD,

Answer ......................... : ........................ [1]

(b) area of triangle OAB : area of trapezium ABDC.

Answer ......................... : ........................ [1]

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Section B [48 marks]

Answer four questions in this section.

Each question in this section carries 12 marks.

Q21) (a)
B

A b E C

In the triangle ABC, D divides AB in the ratio 3 : 2, and E divides AC in the ratio 3 : 2 .
AD = a and AE = b.

(i) Show, using vectors, that DE is parallel to BC.

[3]

(ii) Find the ratio Area of triangle ADE : Area of triangle ABC.

Answer .................... : ....................[2]

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(b)
y

2
A

0 x
2 4 6 8 10

Triangle A has vertices (3, 1), (5, 1) and (5, 4).

2 0
The transformation S1 is represented by the matrix c m.
0 1
S1 maps triangle A onto triangle B.

(i) Draw and label triangle B. [2]

(ii) What type of transformation is S1?

Answer ............................................ [1]

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1 0
(iii) The transformation S2 is represented by the matrix c m.
1 1
Find the matrix that represents the combined transformation S2S1.

Answer f p [2]

(iv) The combined transformation S2S1 maps triangle A onto triangle C.

Find the matrix which represents the transformation that maps triangle C onto triangle A.

Answer f p [2]

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Q22) (a) ABCDE isapentagon. B c G C

AFB,AHEandBGC arestraightlines.
FisthemidpointofAB.
HisthemidpointofAE.
G dividesBCintheratio1:2.
  AH = a, AF = a - b, BG = ED = c .
F

a-b
E c D
H
a
 A

(i) Find FH .

Answer ............................................ [1]

(ii) Usingvectors,showthatGD isparalleltoFH.

 [2]
4 1
(iii) Itisgiventhat c = a + b .
5 5
(a) Express DC intermsofaandb.

 Answer ............................................ [2]

(b) Find AF : DC .


 Answer ..................... :.....................[1]

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(b) y

A

4
B A

–4 C 0 B 4 8 x

C

–4

(i) ThetransformationTmapstriangleABC ontotriangle AlBlC l .

(a) DescribefullythetransformationT.

  Answer........................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) ThematrixMrepresentsthetransformationT.

 FindthematrixM.

J N
K O
Answer KK OO  [2]
L P
(ii) Triangle AlBlC l ismappedontotriangle AmB mC m byareflectioninthey-axis.

Drawandlabeltriangle AmB mC m . [1]

(iii) TriangleABCismappedontotriangle AmB mC m byananticlockwiserotationabouttheorigin.

Statetheangleofrotation.

Answer ............................................ [1]

© UCLES 2015 4024/21/M/J/15

 8

Q23) (a) Thediagramshowsthevectors PQandQR.

a
PQ = c m and QR = c m.
5
  Q
2 b

    
(i) Findaandb.

Answer a=............... b=...............[2]

(ii) Calculate PQ .


Answer ............................................ [2]

(b) OACBisaparallelogram. A C
OA = a, OB = b andDisthepointsuchthat2OB = BD .
EisthemidpointofCD.
a E
F

D
O b B

(i) ExpressCE ,assimplyaspossible,intermsofaandb.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(ii) Express OE ,assimplyaspossible,intermsofaandb.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(iii) FisapointonBCsuchthatOF = kOE .

Find BF:FC.

Answer .....................:....................[2]

© UCLES 2015 4024/21/O/N/15

 22

Q24) (a)

B G C

E D
H
A

ABCDE is a pentagon.
AFB, AHE and BGC are straight lines.

J6N
(i) AE = K O .
L1P

Calculate AE .

Answer ................................... units [1]

J 2 N
(ii) H is the midpoint of AE, and FH = K O.
L- 3.5P

Find AF .

Answer [2]

© UCLES 2015 4024/22/O/N/15

 23

(iii) G divides BC in the ratio 1 : 2.

J2.5N J- 1N
BG = K O and CD = K O .
L0P L- 7P

(a) Find GD.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) Explain why GD is parallel to FH.

[1]

(iv) B is the point (3, 10).

Find the coordinates of D.

Answer (................... , ...................) [1]

Question 11(b) is printed on the next page

© UCLES 2015 4024/22/O/N/15 [Turn over

 24

(b) y

4
A

x
–8 –4 0 4 8

–4

J- 3N
(i) Flag A is mapped onto flag T by the translation K O .
L- 6P
Draw, and label, flag T. [1]

(ii) Describe fully the enlargement that will map flag A onto flag B.

Answer ................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Find the centre of the rotation that will map flag A onto flag C.

Answer (................... , ...................) [1]

(iv) Rotate flag B through 45° anticlockwise about the origin.

Label the image R. [2]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will
be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2015 4024/22/O/N/15

 22

Q25) (a) TriangleABChasverticesA(2,2),B(3,5)andC(4,1).

Triangle AlBlC l hasvertices Al (–4,4), Bl (–3,7)andC l (–2,3).

  WritedownthecolumnvectorofthetranslationthatmapstriangleABContotriangle AlBlC l .
J N
K O
Answer  K O [1]
KK OO
L P
(b) PQRSisaparallelogram.
J- 4N
ThepositionvectorofPrelativetoOisgivenbyOP = K O .
L 2P Q
J4N
ThepositionvectorofQrelativetoOisgivenbyOQ= K O .
L6P

P
R

(i) Express PQasacolumnvector. S

J N
K O
Answer  K O [2]
KK OO
(ii) Find RS . L P

J N
K O
Answer  K O [1]
KK OO
(iii) Find RS . L P

Answer ...................................units[2]

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/M/J/16

 23

(c)
y

10

0 x
0 5 10 15

ThediagramshowstriangleD.

(i) Anenlargementwithcentre(5,4),scalefactor2,mapstriangleDontotriangleE.

DrawandlabeltriangleE. [2]

(ii) Anenlargementwithcentre(5,4),scalefactor0.5,mapstriangleDontotriangleF.

DrawandlabeltriangleF. [1]

(iii) TriangleGhasvertices(5,4),(4,3)and(3,5).
TriangleFcanbemappedontotriangleGusingasingleenlargement.
TriangleFcanalsobemappedontotriangleGusingadifferent singletransformationT.

DescribefullythesingletransformationT.

Answer.......................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/M/J/16

 3

J2N J 4N J- 1N
Q26) (a) JK = K O KL = K O LM = K O
L5P L- 2P L 3P

(i) Find JM .

Answer [1]

(ii) Calculate KL .

Answer .......................................... [2]

(b)
O a
A E

b
C
B

In the diagram, OA = a and OB = b .

C is the point such that OAC is a straight line and AC = 2OA.
D is the midpoint of OB.
E is the point such that EC = OD .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of a and b,

(a) AD,

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) EB.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Find EB : AD .

Answer .................... : ................... [1]

© UCLES 2016 4024/22/M/J/16 [Turn over

 22

Q27) (a)
B

C
J- 6N J 12N
In the diagram, AB = K O , AC = K O .
L 11P L- 5P
(i) Find AC .

Answer .......................................... [2]

J0N
(ii) D is the point such that AD = K O , where k 2 0.
LkP
BD is parallel to AC.
J 6 N
(a) Show that BD = K O.
Lk - 11P

[1]

(b) Find k.

Answer k = .................................... [2]

(c) Find the difference between the lengths of AD and AC.

Answer .......................................... [1]

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/O/N/16

 23

(b)
y
2
B A
1

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

Triangle A has vertices ( 12 , 1), (1, 2) and (2, 2).

Triangle B has vertices ( - 12 , 1), (-1, 2) and (-2, 2).

(i) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle B.

Answer .......................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

J1 3N
(ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by a transformation represented by the matrix K O.
L0 1P
(a) Calculate the coordinates of the vertices of triangle C.

Answer ( ........ , ........ ) ( ........ , ........ ) ( ........ , ........ ) [2]

(b) Find the matrix which represents the transformation that maps triangle B onto triangle C.

J N
K O
Answer K O [2]
K O
L P

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/O/N/16

 18

Q28) (a)
B
D

6b
C

O A
3a

ACB and OCD are straight lines.

AC : CB = 1 : 2 .
OA = 3a and OB = 6b .

(i) Express AB in terms of a and b.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Express AC in terms of a and b.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iii) BD = 5a - b .

Showing your working clearly, find OC : CD .

Answer ................... : ................... [4]

© UCLES 2016 4024/22/O/N/16

 19

(b)
y
5

A
–5 0 5 x

–5

(i) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A onto triangle B.

Answer ................................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by the shear H in which the y-axis is invariant, and
H(2, 1) = (2, 3).

(a) On the grid, draw and label triangle C. [2]

(b) State the shear factor of H.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(c) Find the matrix that represents H.

J N
K O
Answer K O [1]
K O
L P

© UCLES 2016 4024/22/O/N/16 [Turn over

 16

Q29) (a) Triangle A is shown on the grid.

y
10

2
A
1

0 x
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

(i) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle B by a rotation of 180° about point (2, -1).

Draw and label triangle B on the grid. [2]

(ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by the transformation

J3 0N
represented by the matrix KK OO .
L0 3 P
Draw and label triangle C on the grid. [2]

© UCLES 2017 4024/21/O/N/17

 17

(iii) Write down the matrix that represents the transformation that maps triangle C onto triangle A.

J N
K O
Answer K O [1]
K O
L P

(iv) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle C onto triangle B.

....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) The diagram shows triangle PRS.

Q is the midpoint of PR.

J6N J 8N
PQ = KK OO and PS = KK OO .
L3P L- 2P

(i) Find SR.

J N
K O
Answer K O [2]
K O
(ii) T is the point on SR such that ST : TR = 1 : 3. L P

Find PT .

J N
K O
Answer K O [2]
K O
L P

© UCLES 2017 4024/21/O/N/17 [Turn over

 14

Y
Q30)

A B

O C

OYC is a triangle.
A is a point on OY and B is a point on CY.
AB is parallel to OC.
AC and OB intersect at X.

(a) Prove that triangle ABX is similar to triangle COX.

Give a reason for each statement you make.

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2018 4024/22/M/J/18

 15

(b) OA = 3a and OC = 6c and CB : BY = 1 : 2 .

Find, as simply as possible, in terms of a and/or c

(i) AB,

Answer AB = ................................. [1]

(ii) CY .

Answer CY = ................................ [2]

(c) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio

(i) OX : XB,

Answer .................... : .................... [2]

(ii) area of triangle COX : area of triangle ABX,

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

(iii) area of triangle AYB : area of trapezium OABC.

Answer .................... : .................... [1]

© UCLES 2018 4024/22/M/J/18 [Turn over

 12

-4 6
Q31) The position vector, OA, of point A is c m and AB = c m.
7 -3
(a) Find the position vector, OB, of point B.

Answer OB = f p [1]

(b) Find AB .

Answer ........................................... [2]

(c) Given that AB = 3 CB , find the coordinates of point C.

Answer (................... , .................. ) [2]

© UCLES 2018 4024/21/O/N/18

 13

(d) Line L is parallel to AB and passes through the point (–2, 5).

(i) Find the equation of line L.

Answer ........................................... [3]

(ii) Line M is perpendicular to line L and passes through the origin.

Find the equation of line M.

Answer ........................................... [1]

© UCLES 2018 4024/21/O/N/18 [Turn over

 14

Q32) (a)
Q

NOT TO
SCALE
P
U

R
T

In the diagram, PQ = 4p , QR = 3q and PT = p + 2q .

2 2
QU = QR and PT = PS .
3 3
(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q,

(a) PS ,

PS = ................................................... [1]

(b) SR.

SR = ................................................... [2]

(ii) State the name of the special quadrilateral PQRS.

Using vectors, give a reason for your answer.

................................... because ..................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Find, in its simplest form, the ratio PQ | SR .

......................... : ......................... [2]

© UCLES 2019 4024/21/M/J/19

 15

3 6 -7
(b) AB = e o BC = e o CD = e o
2 -2 -3

(i) Find AD.

AD = f p [1]

(ii) Find BC .

.................................................... [2]

(iii) Given that E is the midpoint of BC, find AE .

AE = f p [2]

© UCLES 2019 4024/21/M/J/19 [Turn over

 18

4 1
Q33) (a) f=e o g =e o
-3 -5
(i) Find g - 2f.

f p [1]

(ii) Petra writes f 2 g.

Show that Petra is wrong.

[3]

(b)
A

a
P
NOT TO
SCALE
Q
O
R

O, A and B are points with OA = a and OB = b .

1
P is the point on OA such that OP = OA .
3
O, Q and R lie on a straight line and Q is the midpoint of PB.

(i) Find PB in terms of a and b.

PB = ................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 4024/22/M/J/19

 19

(ii) Find OQ in terms of a and b.

Give your answer in its simplest form.

OQ = ................................................... [2]

(iii) QR = 2OQ.

Show that AR is parallel to PB.

[3]

Question 11 is printed on the next page.

© UCLES 2019 4024/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

 18

Q34) (a) H is the point (5, 2) and J is the point ( - 3, 6).

(i) Find HJ .

HJ = f p [1]

(ii) Calculate the magnitude of HJ .

................................................. [2]

(iii) M is the midpoint of HJ.

Find the position vector of M.

f p [2]

© UCLES 2020 4024/21/O/N/20

 19

(b)
A B

O C
G

q
D
F E

The diagram shows a shape made from seven identical equilateral triangles.
OA = p and OF = q .

(i) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q

(a) FB,

FB = ................................................. [1]

(b) FE .

FE = ................................................. [1]

(ii) X is a point on FB and FX : XB = 3 : 1.

Express OX , as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q.

OX = ................................................. [2]

(iii) Y is a point on BD.

Quadrilateral OXYF is a trapezium.

Express XY , as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q.

XY = ................................................. [3]

Question 10 is printed on the next page.

© UCLES 2020 4024/21/O/N/20 [Turn over
 14

10
Q35) (a) H is the point ( - 7 , 4) and HJ = e o.
-6

(i) Calculate the magnitude of HJ .

................................................. [2]

(ii) Given that HK = 3HJ , find the coordinates of point K.

( ...................... , ...................... ) [2]

© UCLES 2020 4024/22/O/N/20

 15

(b)
E D C

NOT TO
SCALE
X
q

O B
p A

The diagram shows a parallelogram OBCE.

OA = p and OE = q .
AD is parallel to OE and OA : AB = 1 : 3.
X is a point on BC such that BX : XC = 3 : 2.

Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q

(i) OC ,

OC = ................................................. [1]

(ii) AX ,

AX = ................................................. [2]

(iii) EX .

EX = ................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 4024/22/O/N/20 [Turn over

 16

-3
Q36) (a) AB = e o
5

(i) Calculate AB .

AB = ................................................ [2]
6
(ii) AC = e o and C is the point (10, -1).
2

(a) Find the coordinates of the point A.

(.................... , ....................) [1]

(b) B is the midpoint of AD.

Find the coordinates of the point D.

(.................... , ....................) [2]

© UCLES 2021 4024/21/M/J/21

 17

(b)
P
NOT TO
S SCALE

p Q

R
q

The diagram shows triangle OPQ.

OP = p and OQ = q .
R is the point on OQ such that OR = 2RQ .
S is the midpoint of PQ.

Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and/or q

(i) PQ,

PQ = ................................................ [1]

(ii) OS ,

OS = ................................................ [2]

(iii) SR .

SR = ................................................ [2]

© UCLES 2021 4024/21/M/J/21

 18

Q37) (a) A is the point (2, 3) and B is the point (3, -5).

(i) Find AB.

AB = f p [2]

-4
(ii) BC = e o
3

Find the coordinates of C.

( ...................... , ...................... ) [1]

(iii) AD = 74 and D = (- 3, n) .

Find the possible values of n.

n = ............... or n = ............... [3]

© UCLES 2021 4024/22/M/J/21

 19

(b)
Q R

q NOT TO
SCALE
K
L

O p P

OQRP is a parallelogram.
OP = p and OQ = q .
K is the midpoint of OQ and L is a point on PR.
1
KL = p - q .
10
Find PL : LR.

......................... : ......................... [3]

© UCLES 2021 4024/22/M/J/21

 13

-4
Q38) (a) P is the point ( - 5, 2), Q is the point (3, 7) and QR = e o .
6
(i) Find the coordinates of the midpoint of PQ.

( ...................... , ...................... ) [1]

(ii) Find the coordinates of point R.

( ...................... , ...................... ) [1]

(iii) Find QR .

QR = ......................................... units [2]

(b)
B C

N
b NOT TO
SCALE

O A
a

OACB is a quadrilateral and N is a point on AB.

OA = a and OB = b .
OA = 2BC and BN : NA = 1 : 3.

Find, in terms of a and b, in its simplest form

(i) AB,

AB = ................................................. [1]

(ii) NC .

NC = ................................................. [3]
© UCLES 2021 4024/22/O/N/21 [Turn over
 Vectors – P2 (Answers)

1. J2004/P2/Q11: (a)(i) Number of events, (ii)(a) !44$, (b) School scores, (iii) !55$ ⇒ Yes, now
46 55
! ! # ! " !
a tie; (b)(i) - "p + "q, (ii) "p + "q, (iii) p + (k - 1)q, (iv) # , (v) #q.

2. N2005/P2/Q11: (a)(i) a, (ii) b – a, (iii) a + b; (c)(i)(a) b, (b) 3b, (ii) Collinear; (d) –3a; (e) 1/9.

3. J2007/P2/Q6: (a) Rotational symmetry of order 2, centre (3, 0); (b)(i) !0$ (ii) ! 6 $ (iii)
8 −4
−6
! $; (c) Isosceles; (d)(i) (3, –2), (ii) Shear.
−4

0
4. N2007/P2/Q9: (a) ! $, (b)(i)(a) –b, (b) 2b – 2a, (c) 2a, (d) a, (ii)(a) Trapezium, AD//BC, (b)
−2
1:2:3, (c)(i) 146°, angles in the same segment are equal, (ii) 73°, angle at the centre of a circle
is twice the angle at the circumference, (iii) 34°, angles in opposite segments are
supplementary, (iv) 73°, angle sum of a triangle.

5. J2008/P2/Q11: (a)(i) Translation, !−6$; (ii) Enlargement, SF − #, centre (–2, 1); (iii)
!
3
−2 0 !
Rotation, 90° anticlockwise, centre (–1, 0); (iv) ! $. (b)(i)(a) p + 2q, (b) 2p – 2q, (c) "p
0 −2
# !
+ "q; (ii) ".

6. N2008/P2/Q11: (a)(i)(a) 37, (b) ! 16 $, (ii) ! 14 $, (iii) (–6,51) (b)(i) 2, (ii)(a) (–2,3), (b) 32,
−21 −28
(iii)(a) (3,1), (b) 2.

7. J2009/P2/Q9: (a) (i) 11.5 cm, (ii) 127°; (b)(i)(a) p + q, (i)(b) p – q; (i)(c) 2p + 2q; (i)(d) 4p, (ii)
collinear and OT = 4OP or equivalent.

" !
8. J2010/P21/Q12: (a)(i) p – q (ii) $p - #q (b)(i)(a) 167 cm² (b) 19.9 cm (ii)(a) 13.7 cm (b) 766
cm³.

9. N2010/P21/Q10: (a)(i) ! 14 $ (ii) 14.6 (b) Enlargement, centre (–2, 4), scale factor 2 (c)(i)
−4
! 3 −2
(5,0) (7,3) (2,3) (ii) !% ! $.
0 5

10. J2011/P21/Q5: (a)(i) !−10 −4$ (ii) !−0.5 −1$ (b)(i) 13 (ii) !8$ (c)(i) !−5$ (ii) (18, 9)
15 7 1.5 2 6 2
(iii) 22.

" ! !
11. J2011/P22/Q7: (a)(i) 2 (ii)(a) q – r (b) 2p – q – r (c) # p – r (d) # p – q + # r (b)(i) 45° (ii) 95° (iii)
80°.

! ! !
12. J2012/P21/Q7: (a)(i) 60° (b)(i) b – a (ii) 2b – a (iii) $ (3a + b) (iv) b - #a (v) $ (3b – 5a).

! ! ! # " &
13. J2012/P22/Q7: (a)(i) b – a (ii) # (b + c) (iii) $b + #c (b)(i) % (b – a) (ii) 2: 3 (iii) %a - #'b-c.
 ! ! ! !
14. N2012/P21/Q11: (a)(i)(a) #p + #r (b) r + p – q (c) #p + #r (ii) Equal and Parallel (b)(i) Triangle
with vertices (-2,0), (0,6), (0,7) (ii) Triangle with vertices (-2,0), (0,0),(0,-1) (iii) Rotation, 90°
anticlockwise centre (0,3).

!
15. N2012/P22/Q11: (a)(i)(a) - p + q (b) " (4q – p) (c) 2q – p.

#()"
16. J2013/P21/Q8: (a)(i) –5.5 (ii) (iii) 0.5 (b)(i) Enlargement, scale factor –3, centre A (ii) √5
$
0 10
or 2.24 (iii) vector CD = ! $ (iv) vector EF = ! $.
−7 1

17. J2013/P22/Q9: (a)(i) !5$ (ii) 6.71 (iii) (a) Enlargement, centre B, scale factor 3 (iii) (b) !7.5$
2 3
%(*#
(b)(i) –2 (ii) 11 (iii) "
.

18. N2013/P22/Q12: (a)(i) 6.08 (ii) ! 2 $ (iii) ! 2 $ (iv) Equal and parallel (b)(i) Correct
−1.5 −1.5
triangle (ii) Correct triangle (iii) 1: 9.

19. J2014/P21/Q10: (a)(i) 3.16 to 3.163 or √10 (iii) a = 2, b = 3 (b)(i) Enlargement, Scale factor –
2, Centre (3, 1) (ii)(a) (5, 4), (7, 4), (5, 6) (b) Stretch, Factor 2, x-axis invariant

20. J2014/P22/Q8: (a)(i) 4 (ii) 6.40 (iii) y = –1.25x + 7 (iv) (12, –8) (b)(i)(a) b – a (b) 3a (c) 4(b – a)
(ii)(a) 1: 4 (b) 1: 15

21. N2014/P22/Q7: (a)(i) 874; (ii) 9:25; (b)(i) Correct triangle; (ii) Stretch; (iii) !2 0$; (iv) #
!
2 1
1 0
! $.
−2 2
+ + +
22. J2015/P21/Q11: (a)(i) b (ii) 2b (iii)(a) %a - %b (b) 1: % (b)(i)(a) reflection in y = x (b) matrix
0 1
! $ (ii) (–3, 6) (– 3, 0) (0, –2) (iii) 90°.
1 0
! !
23. N2015/P21/Q6: (a)(i) a = 1, b = –3; (ii) 5.39; (b)(i) b – #a; (ii) 2b + #a; (iii) 1: 3.

24. N2015/P22/Q11: (a)(i) 6.08 (ii) !1$ (iii)(a) ! 4 $ (b) 22222⃗ 22222⃗ (iv) (9.5, 3) (b)(i) Correct
𝐺𝐷 = 2𝐹𝐻
4 −7
image (ii) Centre (4, 0) Scale factor 2 (iii) (5, 2) (iv) Correct image.

25. J2016/P21/Q11: (a) !−6$ (b)(i) !8$ (ii) !−8$ (iii) 8.94 (c)(iii) Rotation, 180°, centre (5, 4)
2 4 −4

26. J2016/P22/Q2: (a)(i) !5$ (a)(ii) 4.47 (b)(i)(a) # b – a (b)(i)(b) # b – 3a (b)(ii) 3: 1.

! "
6

6
27. N2016/P21/Q11: (a)(i) 13 (ii)(a) correctly establishes ! $ (b) 8.5 (c) 4.5 (b)(i)
𝑘 − 11
−1 3
reflection in y-axis; (ii)(a) (3.5, 1), (7, 2), (8, 2) (b) ! $.
0 1
28. N2016/P22/Q10: (a)(i) 6b – 3a (ii) 2b − a (iii) 2: 3 (b)(i) Reflection y = −x (ii)(a) Triangle C
1 0
drawn with vertices (2,3), (2,2) and (5,5) (b) 1 (c) ! $.
1 1

29. N2017/P21/Q10: (a)(i) Triangle B at (2, –3), (3, –3), (3, –5) (ii) Triangle C at (3, 3), (3, 9), (6,
!
0 4 9
3) (iii) 7 " ! 8; (iv) Enlargement, centre (3, –1.5), scale factor −1/3 (b)(i) !8$ (ii) !0$.
0
"

30. J2018/P22/Q8: (a) Correct proof (b)(i) 4c (ii) 9a–6c (c)(i) 3:2 (ii) 9:4 (iii) 4:5

31. N2018/P21/Q7: (a) !2$ (b) 6.71 (c) (0, 5) (d)(i) 𝑦 = − # 𝑥 + 4 (ii) 𝑦 = 2𝑥
!
4
" % !
32. J2019/P21/Q9: (a)(i)(a) # (p + 2q) (b) # p or 2 # or 2.5 (a)(ii) Trapezium; 22222⃗
𝑃𝑄 is a multiple of
22222⃗ or PQ is parallel to SR since 22222⃗
𝑆𝑅 22222⃗ = 2.5p (a)(iii) 8: 5 (b)(i) ! 2 $ (b)(ii) 6.32 or
𝑃𝑄 = 4p and 𝑆𝑅
−3
6
6.324 to 6.325 (b)(iii) ! $.
1

33. J2019/P22/Q10: (a)(i) !−7$ (b)(i) -"a + b or " (-a + 3b) (ii) ,a + #b or , (a + 3b)
! ! ! ! !
1

34. N2020/P21/Q9: (a)(i) !−7$ (ii) 8.94[4...] (iii) !−7$ (b)(i)(a) 2p (i)(b) p + q (ii) #p + q (iii) #p +
" !
1 1
$
"
q.

" #
35. N2020/P22/Q8: (a)(i) 11.7 or 11.66... (ii) (23, –14) (b)(i) 4p + q (ii) 3p + %q (iii) 4p - %q.

!
36. J2021/P21/Q10: (a)(i) 5.83 or 5.830 to 5.831 (a)(ii)(a) (4, –3) (ii)(b) (–2, 7) (b)(i) q – p (ii) #p
! ! !
+ #q (iii) ,q - #p.

37. J2021/P22/Q12: (a)(i) ! 1 $ (ii) (–1, –2) (iii) 10 and –4 (b) 2: 3

−8
! ! !
38. N2021/P22/Q7: (a)(i) (–1, 4.5) (ii) (–1, 13) (iii) 7.21[1...] (b)(i) b – a (ii) $a + $b or $ (a+b).