PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION BANK

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VECTOR ANALYSIS
Q1. ⃗⃗ then calculate ∫ 𝑓⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
If 𝐹⃗ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 )𝑖⃗ + (𝑧 2 + 𝑥 2 )𝑗⃗ + (𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑘 𝑑𝑥
𝑐
where C consist of
(i) The line segment form (0,0,0) to (1,1,1)
(ii) The three line segments AB, BC and CD where A, B, C and D
are respectively the points (0,0,0), (1,0,0), (1,1,0) and (1,1,1)
(iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
the curve 𝑥⃗ + 𝑢𝑖 𝑢2 𝑗 + 𝑢⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2 𝑘 , 𝑢 from 0 to 1.

(Year 1992)

(20 Marks)

Q2. If 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are constant vectors, show that

(i) 𝑑𝑖𝑣 {𝑥 × (𝑎
⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑥⃗ )} = −2𝑥⃗𝑎⃗
(ii) 𝑑𝑖𝑣 {𝑥 × (𝑎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑥⃗)} = 2𝑎⃗(𝑏
⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑥⃗ ) × (𝑏 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑥⃗) − 2𝑏⃗⃗(𝑎
⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑥⃗ )
(Year 1992)

(20 Marks)

1⁄2
1 𝜕 𝑔
Q3. Obtain the formula 𝑑𝑖𝑣 𝐴⃗ = {( ) 𝐴(𝑖)} where 𝐴(𝑖) are physical
√𝑔 𝜕𝑥 −1 𝑔𝑖𝑗

components of 𝐴⃗ and use it to derive expression of 𝑑𝑖𝑣 𝐴⃗ in cylindrical polar

coordinates .
(Year 1992)

(20 Marks)
Q4. Prove that the angular velocity or rotation at any point is equal to one half of
the curl of the velocity vector V.
(Year 1993)

(20 Marks)

Q5. Evaluate ∬𝑠 ∆ × 𝐹⃗ 𝑛⃗⃗𝑑𝑠 where S is the upper half surface of the unit sphere
x2  y2  z2  1 and 𝐹⃗ = 𝑧𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑗̂ + 𝑦𝑘̂.

(Year 1993)

(20 Marks)

𝜕𝐴𝑝
Q6. Show that is not a tensor even though 𝐴𝑝 is a covariant tensor or rank one.
𝜕𝑥 𝑞

(Year 1993)

(20 Marks)

Q7. Show that 𝑟 𝑛 𝑟⃗ is an irrotational vector for any value of n, but is solenoidal
only if, 𝑛 = −3.
(Year 1994)

(20 Marks)

Q8. If 𝐹⃗ = 𝑦𝑖⃗ + (𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑧)𝑗⃗ + 𝑥𝑦𝑘⃗⃗ evaluate ∬𝑠 (∆ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐹)𝑛⃗⃗𝑑𝑠 where S is the
2 2 2 2
surface of the sphere 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑎 above the xy plane.
(Year 1994)

(20 Marks)

𝜕
Q9. Prove that {𝑖𝑘𝑖 } = (𝑙𝑜𝑔√𝑔).
𝜕𝑥

(Year 1994)

(20 Marks)
Q10. Consider a physical entity that is specified by twenty-seven numbers 𝐴𝑖𝑗𝑘 in
given coordinate system. In the transition to anther coordinates system of this
kind. Let 𝐴𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐵𝑗𝑘 transform as a vector for any choice of the anti-symmetric
tensor. Prove that the quantities 𝐴𝑖𝑗𝑘 − 𝐴𝑖𝑗𝑘 are the components of a tensor
𝐵𝑗𝑘 of third order. Is the component of tensor? Give reasons for your answer
(Year 1995)

(20 Marks)

Q11. Let the reason V be bounded by the smooth surface S and let n denote outward
drawn unit normal vector at a point on S. If ∅ is harmonic in V, show that
𝜕∅
∫𝑆 𝑑𝑠 = 0.
𝜕𝑛
(Year 1995)

(20 Marks)

Q12. In the vector field 𝑢(𝑥) let there exists a surface 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑣 on which 𝑣 = 0. Show
that, at an arbitrary point of this surface 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑣 is tangential to the surface or
vanishes.
(Year 1995)

(20 Marks)

Q13. State and prove ‘Quotient law’ of tensors.

(Year 1996)

(20 Marks)

Q14. If 𝑥𝑖⃗ + 𝑦𝑗⃗ + 𝑧𝑘⃗⃗ and 𝑟 = |𝑟⃗| show that

(i) 𝑟⃗ × 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑓(𝑟) = 0
(ii) 𝑑𝑖𝑣 (𝑟 𝑛 𝑟⃗) = (𝑛 + 3)𝑟 𝑛
(Year 1996)

(20 Marks)

Q15. Verify Gauss’s divergence theorem for 𝐹 = 𝑥𝑦𝑧𝑖̂ + 𝑧 2 𝑗̂ + 2𝑦𝑧𝑘̂ on the

tetrahedron 𝑥 = 𝑦 = 𝑧 =, 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1

(Year 1996)

(20 Marks)
Q16. Prove that if 𝐴⃗, 𝐵
⃗⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶⃗ are there given non-coplanar vectors 𝐹⃗ then any
vector can be put in the form 𝐹⃗ = ∝ 𝐵 ⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝐴⃗ + 𝛾𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
𝐶 + 𝛽𝐶 ⃗⃗ for given
determine ∝, 𝛽, 𝛾.
(Year 1997)

(20 Marks)
Q17. Verify Gauss theorem for 𝐹⃗ = 4𝑥𝑖⃗ − 2𝑦 2 𝑗⃗ + 𝑧 2 𝑘⃗⃗ taken over the region
bounded by 𝑥 2 + 𝑌 2 = 4, 𝑧 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 3.
(Year 1997)

(20 Marks)
Q18. Prove that the decomposition of a tensor into a symmetric and an anti-
symmetric part is unique. Further show that the contracted product 𝑆𝑖𝑗 𝑇𝑖𝑗 of a
tensor 𝑇𝑖𝑗 with a symmetric tensor 𝑆𝑖𝑗 is independent of the anti-symmetric
part of 𝑇𝑖𝑗 .
(Year 1997)

(20 Marks)

𝜕
Q19. Prove that {𝑖𝑘𝑖 } = (𝑙𝑜𝑔√𝑔).
𝜕𝑥
(Year 1998)

(20 Marks)

Q20. Show that (𝑎 × 𝑏) × 𝑐 = 𝑎 × (𝑎 × 𝑏) if either 𝑏 = 0 (or any other vector is 0)

or c is collinear with a or b is orthogonal to a and c (both)
(Year 1998)

(20 Marks)
Q21. If r1 and r2 are the vectors joining the fixed points A(x1, y1, z1) and B(x2, y2, z2)
respectively to a variable point P(x, y, z) then the values of grad (r1. r2) and curl
(r1× r2).
(Year 1998)

(20 Marks)
Q22. If 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ are the position vectors of prove that A, B, C prove that 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ×
𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗ is vector perpendicular to the plane ABC.
(Year 1999)

(20 Marks)
Q23. If 𝑓⃗ = ∇(𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 𝑧 3 − 3𝑥𝑦𝑧) find ∇ × 𝑓⃗.
(Year 1999)

(20 Marks)

Q24. Evaluate ∫𝑐 (𝑒 −𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 𝑑𝑦) (by Green’s theorem), where C is

𝜋 𝜋
the rectangle whose vertices are (0,0), (𝜋, ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, ) .
2 2
(Year 1999)

(20 Marks)
Q25. In what direction from the point (−1,1,1) is the directional derivative
𝑓 = 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 3 of a maximum? Compute its magnitude.
(Year 2000)

(12 Marks)
Q26. (i) Show that the covariant derivatives of the fundamental metric tensors
𝑔𝑖𝑗 , 𝑔𝑖𝑗 , 𝛿𝑗𝑖 Vanish. (ii) Show that simultaneity is relative in special relativity
theory.
(Year 2000)

(6+6 =12 Marks)

Q27. Show that
(i) (𝐴 + 𝐵). (𝐵 + 𝐶 ) × (𝐶 + 𝐴) = 2𝐴. 𝐵 × 𝐶
(ii) ∇ × (𝐴 × 𝐵) = (𝐵. ∇)𝐴 − 𝐵(∇. 𝐴) − (𝐴. ∇)𝐵 + 𝐴(∇. 𝐵)
(Year 2000)

(7+8 =15 Marks)

Q28. Evaluate ∬𝑆 𝐹. 𝑁𝑑𝑠 where 𝐹 = 2𝑥𝑦𝑖 + 𝑦𝑧 2 𝑗 + 𝑥𝑧𝑘 and S is the surface of the
parallelepiped bounded by 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 0, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 1𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 3.
(Year 2000)

(15 Marks)

Q29. If 𝑔𝑖𝑗 and 𝛿𝑖𝑗 are two metric tensors defined at a point and {𝑖𝑗𝑙 } and ⌈𝑖𝑗𝑙 are the
corresponding Christoffel symbols of the second kind, then prove that
{𝑖𝑗𝑙 } − ⌈𝑖𝑗𝑙 is a mixed tensor of the type 𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑗 .
(Year 2000)

(15 Marks)
Q30. Establish the formula 𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐 2 the symbols have their usual meaning.
(Year 2000)

(15 Marks)
𝑎×𝑟 𝑎 3𝑟
Q31. Show that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 =− + (𝑎. 𝑟) where a is constant vector.
𝑟3 𝑟3 𝑟5
(Year 2001)

(12 Marks)

Q32. Find the directional derivative of 𝑓 = 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 3 along 𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑡 , 𝑦 = 1 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡,

𝑧 = 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡at 𝑡 = 0
(Year 2001)

(15 Marks)
Q33. Show that the vector field defined by 𝐹 = 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑖 + 𝑥 𝑧 𝑗 + 3𝑥 𝑦𝑧 2 𝑘 is
3 2 3 2

irrotational. Find also the scalar u such that 𝐹 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑢.

(Year 2001)

(15 Marks)
2 2
Q34. Verify Gauss’ divergence theorem of 𝐴 = (4𝑥, −2𝑦 , 𝑧 ) taken over the
region bounded by 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4, 𝑧 = 0 and 𝑧 = 3.
(Year 2001)

(15 Marks)
2 3
Q35. Find the length of the arc of the twisted curve 𝑟 = (3𝑡, 3𝑡 , 2𝑡 ) from the
point 𝑡 = 0 to the point 𝑡 = 1 Find also the unit tangent t, unit normal n and
the unit binormal b at 𝑡 = 1.
(Year 2001)

(12 Marks)

𝑑𝑅 𝑟⃗ 𝑑𝑟⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
Q36. Let 𝑅⃗⃗ be the unit vector along the vector 𝑟⃗(𝑡) Show that 𝑅⃗⃗ × = 2 ×
𝑑𝑡 𝑟 𝑑𝑡
where 𝑟 = |𝑟⃗|.
(Year 2002)

(12 Marks)
Q37. Find the curvature k for the space curve 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, 𝑧 = 𝑎𝜃𝑡𝑎𝑛 ∝
(Year 2002)

(15 Marks)
Q38. Show that (𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑣⃗ ) = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 (𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑣⃗ ) − ∇2 𝑣⃗
(Year 2002)

(15 Marks)

Q39. Let D be a closed and bounded region having boundary S. Further, let f is a
scalar function having second partial derivatives defined on it. Show that
∬𝑠 (𝑓 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑓). 𝑛̂𝑑𝑠 = ∭𝑣 [|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑓|2 + 𝑓∇2 𝑓]𝑑𝑣 Hence ∬𝑠 (𝑓 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑓). 𝑛̂𝑑𝑠
or otherwise evaluate for 𝑓 = 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2𝑧 over 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4
(Year 2002)

(15 Marks)
Q40. Find the values of constants a, b and c such that the maximum value of
directional derivative of 𝑓 = 𝑎𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦𝑧 + 𝑐𝑥 2 𝑧 2 at (1, -1, 1) is in the
direction parallel to y-axis and has magnitude 6.
(Year 2002)

(15 Marks)
Q41. Show that if a’, b’ and c’ are the reciprocals of the non-coplanar vectors a, b and
c , then any vector r may be expressed as 𝑟 = (𝑟. 𝑎′ )𝑎 + (𝑟. 𝑏 ′ )𝑏 + (𝑟. 𝑐 ′ )𝑐.
(Year 2003)

(12 Marks)
Q42. Prove that the divergence of a vector field is invariant w, r, to co-ordinate
transformations.
(Year 2003)

(12 Marks)
Q43. Let the position vector of a particle moving on a plane curve be 𝑟(𝑡), where t
is the time. Find the components of its acceleration along the radial and
transverse directions.
(Year 2003)

(15 Marks)
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
Q44. Prove the identity ∇𝐴2 = 2(𝐴. ∇)𝐴 + 2𝐴 × (∇ × 𝐴) where ∇= 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
.
(Year 2003)

(15 Marks)
Q45. Find the radii of curvature and torsion at a point of intersection of the surface
𝑧
𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑐 2 , 𝑦 = 𝑥 tanh( )
𝑐
(Year 2003)

(15 Marks)
Q46. Evaluate ∬𝑠 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑡𝐴. 𝑑𝑠 where S is the open surface 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 + 4𝑧 = 0,
𝑧 ≥ 0and 𝐴 = (𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑖̂ + (2𝑧 2 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑗̂ + (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑧 2 )𝑘̂
(Year 2003)

(15 Marks)
Q47. Show that if 𝐴⃗ and 𝐵
⃗⃗ are irrotational, then 𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ is solenoidal.
(Year 2004)

(12 Marks)
Q48. Show that the Frenet-Serret formulae can be written in the form
⃗⃗
𝑑𝑇 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
=𝜔 ⃗⃗, 𝑑𝑁 = 𝜔
⃗⃗ × 𝑇 ⃗⃗ & 𝑑𝐵 = 𝜔
⃗⃗ × 𝑁 ⃗⃗, where 𝜔
⃗⃗ × 𝐵 ⃗⃗ + 𝑘𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝜏𝑇 ⃗⃗
𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑥
(Year 2004)

(12 Marks)
Q49. Prove the identity ∇(𝐴⃗. 𝐵 ⃗⃗. ∇)𝐴⃗ + (𝐴⃗. ∇)𝐵
⃗⃗) = (𝐵 ⃗⃗ × (∇ × 𝐴⃗) + 𝐴⃗ × (∇ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐵 ⃗⃗ ).
(Year 2004)

(15 Marks)
Q50. Derive the identity ∭𝑣 (∅∇2 𝜑 − 𝜑∇2 ∅)𝑑𝑉 = ∬𝑧 (∅∇𝜑 − 𝜑∇∅) 𝑛̂𝑑𝑆 where
V is the volume bounded by the closed surface S.
(Year 2004)

(15 Marks)
Q51. Verify Stokes’ theorem for 𝑓⃗ = (2𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑖̂ − 𝑦𝑧 𝑗̂𝑧𝑘̂ where S is the upper half
2

surface of the sphere 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 1 and C is its boundary.

(Year 2004)

(15 Marks)

1
Q52. Show that the volume of the tetrahedron ABCD is (𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 )𝐴𝐷 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ Hence find the
6
volume of the tetrahedron with vertices (2, 2, 2), (2, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0) and (0, 0, 2).
(Year 2005)

(12 Marks)
Q53. Prove that the curl of a vector field is independent of the choice of coordinates.
(Year 2005)

(12 Marks)
Q54. The parametric equation of a circular helix is 𝑟 = 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 𝑖̂ + 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢 𝑗̂ + 𝑐𝑢𝑘̂
where c is a constant and u is a parameter. Find the unit tangent vector 𝑡̂ at the
𝑑𝑡̂
point u and the arc length measured form 𝑢 = 0 Also find where s is the arc
𝑑𝑠
length.
(Year 2005)

(15 Marks)
1 1
Q55. Show that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 (𝑘 × 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 ) + 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 (𝑘. 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 ) = 0 where r is the distance
𝑟 𝑟
from the origin and k is the unit vector in the direction OZ.
(Year 2005)

(15 Marks)
Q56. Find the curvature and the torsion of the space curve.
(Year 2005)

(15 Marks)
Q57. Evaluate by Gauss divergence theorem, where S is the surface of the cylinder
bounded by and
(Year 2005)

(15 Marks)
Q58. Find the values of constants a, b and c so that the directional derivative of the
function 𝑓 = 𝑎𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦𝑧 + 𝑐𝑧 2 𝑥 2 at the point (1, 2, -1) has maximum
magnitude 64 in the direction parallel to z-axis.
(Year 2006)

(12 Marks)
Q59. If 𝐴⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑘̂ , 𝐵 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂, 𝐶 = 4𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 7𝑘̂ determine a vector 𝑅⃗⃗ satisfying the
vector equation 𝑅⃗⃗ × 𝐵 ⃗⃗ = 𝐶⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ & 𝑅⃗⃗. 𝐴⃗ = 0
(Year 2006)

(15 Marks)
Q60. Prove that 𝑟 𝑛 𝑟⃗ is an irrotational vector for any value of n but is solenoidal only
if 𝑛 + 3 = 0.
(Year 2006)

(15 Marks)
Q61. If the unit tangent vector 𝑡⃗ and binormal 𝑏⃗⃗ make angles ∅ and ∅ respectively
𝑠𝑖𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 𝑘
with a constant unit vector 𝑎⃗ prove that . = − .
sin ∅ 𝑑∅ 𝜏
(Year 2006)

(15 Marks)
2
Q62. Verify Stokes’ theorem for the function 𝐹 = 𝑥 𝑖̂ − 𝑥𝑦𝑗̂ integrated round the
square in the plane 𝑧 = 0 and bounded by the lines 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 = 𝑎
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑎, 𝑎 > 0.
(Year 2006)

(15 Marks)
Q63. If 𝑟⃗ denotes the position vector of a point and if 𝑟̂ be the unit vector in the
direction of 𝑟⃗, 𝑟 = |𝑟⃗| determine 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑(𝑟−1 ) in term of 𝑟̂ and r.
(Year 2007)

(12 Marks)
Q64. Find the curvature and torsion at any point of the curve 𝑥 = 𝑎 cos 2𝑡,
𝑦 = 𝑎 sin 2𝑡 , 𝑧 = 2𝑎 sin 𝑡.
(Year 2007)

(12 Marks)
Q65. For any constant vector, show that the vector 𝑎⃗ represented by 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙(𝑎⃗ × 𝑟⃗) is
always parallel to the vector 𝑎⃗, 𝑟⃗ being the position vector of a point (x,y,z)
measured from the origin.
(Year 2007)

(15 Marks)
Q66. If 𝑟 = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑥𝑘̂ find the value(s) of in order that 𝑟 𝑛 𝑟⃗ maybe (i) solenoidal
(ii) irrotational.
(Year 2007)

(15 Marks)
Q67. Determine ∫𝑐 (𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑧 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑧 ) by using Stoke’s theorem, where C is the
curve defined by (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑎)2 + 𝑧 2 = 2𝑎2 , 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑎 that starts
from the point (2a, 0, 0) goes at first below the z-plane.
(Year 2007)

(15 Marks)
2
Q68. Find the constants a and b so that the surface 𝑎𝑥 − 𝑏𝑦𝑧 = (𝑎 + 2)𝑥 will be
orthogonal to the surface 4𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑧 3 = 4 at the point (1, -1, 2).
(Year 2008)

(12 Marks)
Q69. Show that 𝐹⃗ = (2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑧 3 )𝑖̂ + 𝑥 2 𝑗̂ + 3𝑥𝑧 2 𝑘̂ is a conservative force field. Find
the scalar potential for 𝐹⃗ and the work done in moving an object in this field
from (1, -2, 1) to (3, 1, 4).
(Year 2008)

(12 Marks)
1
𝑑2𝑓 2 𝑑𝑓
Q70. Prove that ∇2 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2 + where 𝑟 = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ) . Hence find 𝑓(𝑥)
2
𝑑𝑟 𝑟 𝑑𝑟
such that ∇2 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 0.
(Year 2008)

(15 Marks)
2 3
Q71. Show that for the space curve 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 the curvature and torsion
3
are same at every point.
(Year 2008)

(15 Marks)
Q72. Evaluate ∫𝑐 𝐴⃗𝑑𝑟⃗ along the curve 𝑥 2 + 𝑌 2 = 1, 𝑧 = 1 from (0, 1, 1) to (1, 0, 1)
if 𝐴⃗ = (𝑦𝑧 + 2𝑥 )𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑧𝑗̂ + (𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑧)𝑘̂ .
(Year 2008)

(15 Marks)
Q73. Evaluate ∬𝑠 𝐹⃗ 𝑛̂𝑑𝑠 were 𝐴⃗ = (𝑦𝑧 + 2𝑥 )𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑧𝑗̂ + (𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑧)𝑘̂ , ∬𝑠 𝐹⃗ 𝑛̂𝑑𝑠 and
S is the surface of the cylinder bounded by 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4, 𝑧 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 3.
(Year 2008)

(15 Marks)
Q74. Show that 𝑑𝑖𝑣 (𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑟 𝑛 ) = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝑟 𝑛−2 where 𝑟 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 .
(Year 2009)

(12 Marks)
3 2 2 2
Q75. Find the directional derivative of (𝑖 ) 4𝑥𝑧 − 3𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 at (2, -1, 2) along z-
axis. (𝑖𝑖 ) − 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 + 4𝑥𝑧 2 at (1, -2, 1) in the direction of 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂
(Year 2009)

(6+6=12 Marks)
𝑥2 𝑦2
Q76. Find the work done in moving the particle once round the ellipse + = 1,
25 16
⃗
𝑧 = 0 under the field of force of given by 𝐹 = (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑖̂ +
(𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 2 )𝑗̂ + (3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4𝑧)𝑘̂.
(Year 2009)

(20 Marks)
Q77. Using divergence theorem, evaluate ∬𝑠 𝐴⃗. 𝑑𝑆⃗ where 𝐴⃗ = 𝑥 3 𝑖̂ + 𝑌 3 𝑗̂ + 𝑧 3 𝑘̂
and S is the surface of the sphere 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 𝑎2 .
(Year 2009)

(20 Marks)
⃗⃗ × 𝑓⃗). 𝑑𝑠⃗ taken over the upper portion of the surface
Q78. Find the value of ∬𝑠 (∇
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎𝑧 = 0 and the bounding curve lies in the plane 𝑧 = 0 ,
when 𝐹⃗ = (𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑖̂ + (𝑧 2 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑗̂ + (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 )𝑘̂.
(Year 2009)

(20 Marks)
2 3
Q79. Find the directional derivative of 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 at the point (2,1) in the
𝜋
direction of a unit vector which makes an angle or with the x-axis.
3
(Year 2010)

(12 Marks)
Q80. Show that the vector field defined by the vector function
𝑣⃗ = 𝑥𝑦𝑧(𝑦𝑧𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑥𝑦𝑘̂ ) is conservative.
(Year 2010)

(12 Marks)
 ⃗⃗ ) = 𝑓(𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑉
Q81. Prove that 𝑑𝑖𝑣 (𝑓𝑉 ⃗⃗ ) + (𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑. 𝑓)𝑉
⃗⃗ where f is a scalar function.
(Year 2010)

(20 Marks)
Q82. Use the divergence theorem to evaluate ∬𝑠 𝑉 ⃗⃗ 𝑛⃗⃗ 𝑑𝐴 where
𝑉 = 𝑥 2 𝑧𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂ − 𝑥𝑧 2 𝑘̂ and S is he boundary of the region bounded by the
paraboloid 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 and the plane 𝑧 = 4𝑦.
(Year 2010)

(20 Marks)
−𝑥 −𝑥
Q83. Verify Green’s theorem for 𝑒 sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 cos 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 by the path of
integration being the boundary of the square whose vertices are
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(0, 0), ( , 0) , ( , ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, ).
2 2 2 2
(Year 2010)

(20 Marks)
Q84. For two vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ give respectively by 𝑎⃗ == 5𝑡 2 𝑖̂ + 𝑡𝑗̂ − 𝑡 3 𝑘̂ and
𝑑 𝑑
𝑏⃗⃗ = sin 5𝑡 𝑖̂ − cos 𝑡 𝑗̂ Determine (𝑖 ) (𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗) and (𝑖𝑖 ) (𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
(Year 2011)

(10 Marks)
Q85. If u and v are two scalar fields and 𝑓⃗ is a vector field, such that 𝑢𝑓⃗ = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑣,
find the value of 𝑓⃗ 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑓⃗
(Year 2011)

(10 Marks)
Q86. Examine whether the vectors ∇𝑢, ∇𝑣 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∇𝑤 are coplanar, where u, v and w
are the scalar functions defined by :
𝑢 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧,
𝑣 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑧2
and 𝑤 = 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦
(Year 2011)

(15 Marks)
Q87. If 𝑢 = 4𝑦𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑗̂ + 2𝑧𝑘̂ calculate the double integral ∬(∇ × 𝑢
⃗⃗)𝑑𝑠⃗ over the
2 2 2 2
hemisphere given by 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑎 , 𝑧 ≥ 0
(Year 2011)

(15 Marks)
Q88. If 𝑟⃗ be the position vector of a point, find the value(s) of n for which the
vector. 𝑟 𝑛 𝑟⃗ is (i) irrotational, (ii) solenoidal
(Year 2011)

(15 Marks)
Q89. Verify Gauss’ Divergence Theorem for the vector 𝑣 = 𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑦 𝑗̂ + 𝑧 2 𝑘̂ taken
2 2

over the cube 0 ≤ 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ≤ 1.

(Year 2011)

(15 Marks)
2̂ 2̂
Q90. If 𝐴⃗ = 𝑥 𝑦𝑧𝑖̂ − 2𝑥𝑧 𝑗̂ + 𝑥𝑧 𝑘 , 𝐵 = 2𝑧𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂ − 𝑥 𝑘 find the value of
2 3
𝜕2
(𝐴⃗ + 𝐵
⃗⃗) at (1,0,-2).
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
(Year 2012)

(12 Marks)
Q91. Derive the Frenet-Serret formulae. Define the curvature and torsion for a space
2
curve. Compute them for the space curve 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 . Show that
3
the curvature and torsion are equal for this curve.
(Year 2012)

(20 Marks)
Q92. Verify Green’s theorem in the plane for ∮𝑐 [(𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦] where c is
the closed curve of the region bounded by 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 .
(Year 2012)

(20 Marks)
Q93. If 𝐹 = 𝑦𝑖̂ + (𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑧)𝑗̂ − 𝑥𝑦𝑘̂ , evaluate ∬𝑠 (∇
⃗⃗ × 𝐹⃗ ). 𝑛⃗⃗𝑑𝑠⃗ where S is the
surface of the sphere 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 𝑎2 above the xy-plane.
(Year 2012)

(20 Marks)
1+𝑡 1−𝑡 2
Q94. Show the curve 𝑥⃗ (𝑡) = 𝑡𝑖̂ + ( ) 𝑗̂ + ( ) 𝑘̂ lies in a plane.
𝑡 𝑡
(Year 2013)

(10 Marks)
2 𝑛
Q95. Calculate ∇ (𝑟 ) and find its expression in terms of r and n, r being the
distance of any point (x, y, z) from the origin, n being a constant and ∇2 being
the Laplace operator.
(Year 2013)

(10 Marks)
Q96. A curve in space is defined by the vector equation 𝑟⃗ = 𝑡 2 𝑖̂ + 2𝑡𝑗̂ − 𝑡 3 𝑘̂ .
Determine the angle between the tangents to this curve at the points 𝑡 = +1
and 𝑡 = −1.
(Year 2013)

(10 Marks)
Q97. By using Divergence Theorem of Gauss, evaluate the surface integral
1
−
∬(𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑐 2 𝑧 2 ) 2 𝑑𝑆 where S is the surface e of the ellipsoid
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑦 2 + 𝑐𝑧 2 = 1, a, b and c being all positive constants.
(Year 2013)

(15 Marks)
Q98. Use Stokes’ theorem to evaluate the line integral ∫𝑐 (−𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑧 3 𝑑𝑧),
where C is the intersection of the cylinder 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 and the plane
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 =1
(Year 2013)

(15 Marks)
Q99. Find the curvature vector at any point of the curve
𝑟⃗(𝑡) = 𝑡 cos 𝑡 𝑖̂ + 𝑡 sin 𝑡 𝑗̂, 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2𝜋. Give its magnitude also.
(Year 2014)

(10 Marks)
Q100. Evaluate by Stokes’ theorem ∫𝜏 (𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 𝑧𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑑𝑧), where 𝜏 is the curve
given by 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 2𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑎 starting from (2𝑎, 0, 0)
and then going below the z-plane.
(Year 2014)

(20 Marks)
Q101. Find the angle between the surfaces 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 9 = 0 and 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3
2 2 2

at (2, −1, 2)
(Year 2015)

(10 Marks)
Q102. A vector field is given by 𝐹⃗ = (𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 𝑖̂ + (𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑦)𝑗̂. Verify that the
2 2) 2 2

field is irrotational or not. Find the scalar potential.

(Year 2015)

(12 Marks)
Q103. Evaluate ∫𝑐 𝑒 −𝑥 (sin 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + cos 𝑦 𝑑𝑦), where C is the rectangle with vertices
𝜋 𝜋
(0, 0), (π, 0), (π, ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, ).
2 2
(Year 2015)

(12 Marks)
Q104. Prove that the vector 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = −𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ , 𝑐⃗ = 4𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ − 6𝑘̂
can from the sides of a triangle find the length of the medians of the triangle.
(Year 2016)

(10 Marks)
𝑟⃗
Q105. Find 𝑓(𝑟) such that ∇𝑓 = and 𝑓(1) = 0.
𝑟5
(Year 2016)

(10 Marks)
Q106. Prove that ∮𝑐 𝑓𝑑𝑟⃗ = ∬𝑠 𝑑𝑆⃗ × ∇𝑓
(Year 2016)

(10 Marks)
Q107. For the of cardioid 𝑟 = 𝑎(1 + cos 𝜃) show that the square of the radius of
curvature at any point (𝑟, 𝜃) is proportion to r. Also find the radius of
𝜋 𝜋
curvature if 𝜃 = 0, , .
4 2
(Year 2016)

(15 Marks)
⃗⃗ = (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑎𝑧)𝑖̂ +
Q108. For what values of the constant a, b and c the vector 𝑉
(𝑏𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑗̂ + (−𝑥 + 𝑐𝑦 + 2𝑧)𝑘̂ is irrotational. Find the divergence in
cylindrical coordinates of the vector with these values.
(Year 2017)

(10 Marks)

Q109. The position vector of a moving point at time t is 𝑟⃗ = sin 𝑡 𝑖̂ + cos 2𝑡 𝑗̂ +

(𝑡 2 + 2𝑡)𝑘̂ . Find the components of acceleration 𝑎⃗ in the direction parallel to
the velocity vector 𝑣⃗ and perpendicular to the plane of 𝑟⃗ and 𝑣⃗ at time 𝑡 = 0.
(Year 2017)

(10 Marks)
Q110. Find the curvature vector and its magnitude at any point 𝑟 = (𝜃) of the curve
𝑟 = (𝑎 cos 𝜃, asin 𝜃, 𝑎𝜃). Show that the locus of the feet of the perpendicular
from the origin to the tangent is a curve that completely lies on the hyperboloid
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 = 𝑎2 .
(Year 2017)

(16 Marks)
Q111. Evaluate the integral ∬𝑠 𝐹⃗ . 𝑛𝑑𝑠 where 𝐹⃗ = 3𝑥𝑦 2 𝑖̂ + (𝑦𝑥 2 − 𝑦 3 )𝑗̂ + 3𝑧𝑥 2 𝑘̂
and S is a surface of the cylinder 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ≤ 4, −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3 using divergence
theorem.
(Year 2017)

(9 Marks)
Q112. Using Green theorem evaluate the ∫𝑐 𝐹 (𝑟⃗). 𝑑𝑟⃗ counter clockwise where
𝐹 (𝑟⃗) = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑖̂ + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑗̂ and 𝑑𝑟⃗ = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑑𝑦 𝑗̂ and the curve C is the
boundary off the region 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2 − 𝑥 2 }
(Year 2017)

(8 Marks)
Q113. Let 𝑣⃗ = 𝑣1 𝑖̂ + 𝑣2 𝑗̂ + 𝑣3 𝑘̂. Show that 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝑣⃗ ) = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 (𝑑𝑖𝑣 𝑣⃗ ) − ∇2 𝑣⃗.
(Year 2018)

(12 Marks)
Q114. Evaluate the line integral ∫𝑐 −𝑦 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑧 3 𝑑𝑧 using Stokes’ theorem.
Here C is the intersection of the cylinder 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 and the plane
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1. The orientation on C corresponds to counter clockwise motion
in the xy-plane.
(Year 2018)

(13 Marks)
Q115. Let 𝐹⃗ = 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑖̂ + (𝑦 + 𝑥)𝑗̂ integrate (∇ × 𝐹⃗ ). 𝑘⃗⃗ over the region in the first
quadrant bounded by the curves 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and 𝑦 = 𝑥 using Green’s theorem.
(Year 2018)

(13 Marks)
Q116. Find 𝑓(𝑦) such that (2𝑥𝑒 𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 + (3𝑥 2 + 𝑓(𝑦))𝑑𝑥 = 0 is exact and
hence solve.
(Year 2018)

(12 Marks)
Q117. State Gauss divergence theorem. Verify this theorem for
𝐹⃗ = 4𝑥𝑖̂ − 2𝑦 2 𝑗̂ + 𝑧 2 𝑘̂ , taken over the region bounded by 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4, 𝑧 = 0
and 𝑧 = 3.
(Year 2019)

(15 Marks)
Q118. Evaluate by Stokes’ theorem ∮𝑐 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 − 𝑑𝑧, where C is the curve
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4, 𝑧 = 2
(Year 2019)

(5 Marks)
 CIVIL SERVICES
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
SEGMENT- WISE

VECTOR ANALYSIS
Type equation here.
1. Show that 𝑨 ⃗⃗ = (𝟔𝒙𝒚 + 𝒛 +
𝟑 )𝒊̂ (𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝒛)𝒋̂ + (𝟑𝒙𝒛𝟐 − 𝒚)𝒌 ̂ is irrotational.
Also find 𝝓 such that ⃗𝑨 = 𝛁𝝓 . [2022][10]
𝟐 𝟐
2. Verify Green’s theorem in the plane for ∮𝑪 (𝟑𝒙 − 𝟖𝒚 )𝒅𝒙 + (𝟒𝒚 − 𝟔𝒙𝒚)𝒅𝒚, where 𝑪 is
the boundary curve of the region defined by 𝒙 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟏. [2022][15]
3. Verify Stokes’ theorem for ⃗𝑭 = 𝒙𝒊̂ + 𝒛𝟐 𝒋̂ + 𝒚𝟐 𝒌 ̂ over the plane surface: 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒛 = 𝟏
lying in the first octant. [2022][20]
4. Using Gauss’ divergence theorem, evaluate
∬𝑺 ⃗𝑭 ⋅ 𝒏
⃗⃗ 𝒅𝑺, where ⃗𝑭 = 𝒙𝒊̂ − 𝒚𝒋̂ + (𝒛𝟐 −
𝟏)𝒌̂ and 𝑺 is the cylinder formed by the surfaces 𝒛 = 𝟎, 𝒛 = 𝟏, 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒. [2022][15]
⃗
𝒓 𝟐
̂.
5. Show that 𝛁 𝟐 [𝛁 ⋅ (𝒓)] = 𝒓𝟒 , where ⃗𝒓 = 𝒙𝒊̂ + 𝒚𝒋̂ + 𝒛𝒌 [2021][10]
⃗ ⋅ 𝒅𝒓
6. Evaluate ∫𝑪 𝑭 ⃗ = −𝒚𝒊̂
⃗ , where 𝑪 is an arbitrary closed curve in the 𝒙𝒚-plane and 𝑭
+𝒙𝒋̂
.
𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐
[2021][15]
7. Verify Gauss divergence theorem for ⃗𝑭 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝒊̂ − 𝒚𝟐 𝒋̂ + 𝟒𝒙𝒛𝟐 𝒌 ̂ taken over the region
in the first octant bounded by 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒛𝟐 = 𝟗 and 𝒙 = 𝟐. [2021][20]
8. Using Stokes' theorem, evaluate ∬𝑺 (𝛁 × 𝑭 ⃗ )⋅𝒏
̂ 𝒅𝑺, where 𝑭⃗ = (𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟒)𝒊̂ +
𝟐

𝟑𝒙𝒚𝒋̂ + (𝟐𝒙𝒚 + 𝒛𝟐 )𝒌 ̂ and 𝑺 is the surface of the paraboloid 𝒛 = 𝟒 − (𝒙𝟐 +

𝒚𝟐 ) above the 𝒙𝒚-plane.
Here, 𝒏̂ is the unit outward normal vector on 𝑺. [2021][15]
9. Solve the following differential equation:
𝒚 𝒚
𝒙𝐜𝐨𝐬 (𝒙) (𝒚𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝒅𝒚) = 𝒚𝐬𝐢𝐧 (𝒙) (𝒙𝒅𝒚 − 𝒚𝒅𝒙) [2020][10]
10. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of circles passing through the points (𝟎, 𝟐)
and (𝟎, −𝟐). [2020][10]
̅ = (−𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 + 𝒂𝒛)𝒊̂ + (𝒃𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 +
11. For what value of 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄 is the vector field 𝑽
𝟓𝒛)𝒋̂ + (𝟒𝒙 + 𝒄𝒚 + 𝟑𝒛)𝒌 ̂ irrotational? Hence, express 𝑽 ̅ as the gradient of a scalar
function 𝝓. Determine 𝝓. [2020][10]
12. For the vector function 𝑨̅ , where 𝑨 ̂ , calculate ∫ 𝑨
̅ = (𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚)𝒊̂ − 𝟏𝟒𝒚𝒛𝒋̂ + 𝟐𝟎𝒙𝒛𝟐 𝒌 ̅⋅
𝑪
𝒅𝒓̅ from (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎) to (𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏) along the following paths:

(i) 𝒙 = 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝒕𝟐 , 𝒛 = 𝒕𝟑

(ii) Straight lines joining (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎) to (𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟎), then to (𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟎) and then to (𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏)

(iii) Straight line joining (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎) to (𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏)

Is the result same in all the cases? Explain the reason. [2020][15]
̅ ̂
13. Verify the Stokes’ theorem for the vector field 𝑭 = 𝒙𝒚𝒊̂ + 𝒚𝒛𝒋̂ + 𝒙𝒛𝒌 on the surface 𝑺
which is the part of the cylinder 𝒛 = 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟐 for 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏, −𝟐 ≤ 𝒚 ≤ 𝟐; 𝑺 is oriented
upwards. [2020][20]
̅
14. Evaluate the surface integral ∬𝑺 𝛁 × 𝑭 ⋅ 𝒏 ̅
̂ 𝒅𝑺 for 𝑭 = 𝒚𝒊̂ + (𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙𝒂𝟐)𝒋̂ − 𝒙𝒚𝒌̂ and 𝑺 is
the surface of the sphere 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒛𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 above the 𝒙𝒚-plane. [2020][15]