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Chapter 2

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Chapter 2

 Business model: - Set of planned activities designed to result


in a profit in a marketplace.
 Business plan: - Describes a firm’s business model.
 E-commerce business model: - Uses unique qualities of In-
ternet and Web.
 Eight Key Elements of a Business Model: -
5. Competitive advantage 1. Value proposition
6. Market strategy 2. Revenue model
7. Organizational development 3. Market opportunity
8. Management team 4. Competitive environment

 Value Proposition: -
 Successful e-commerce value propositions:
 Personalization/customization.
 Reduction of product search, price discovery costs.
 Facilitation of transactions by managing product delivery.
 Revenue Model: - 5 Major types:
 Advertising revenue model.
 Subscription revenue model.
 Transaction fee revenue model.
 Sales revenue model.
 Affiliate revenue model.
 Market Opportunity: -
 Marketspace: Area of actual or potential commercial value in
which the company intends to operate.
 Realistic market opportunity: Defined by revenue potential in
each market niche in which the company hopes to compete .
 Competitive Environment: -
 Other companies sell similar products in the same marketspace and
include both direct and indirect competitors.
 Influenced by:
3. Competitors’ profitability 1. Number and size of active
4. Competitors’ pricing competitors

2. Each competitor’s market


share
 Competitive Advantage
 Market Strategy: -
 Details on how a company intends to enter the market and attract
customers.
 Best business concepts will fail if not properly marketed to potential
customers.
 Organizational Development: -
 Describes how the firm will organize work.
 Typically, divided into functional departments.
 As the company grows, hiring moves from generalists to specialists.
 Management Team: -
 Can make the business model work.
 Can give credibility to outside investors.
 Has market-specific knowledge.
 Has experience in implementing business plans.
 Categorizing E-commerce Business Models: -
 E-commerce sector (e.g., B2B)
 E-commerce technology (e.g., m-commerce)
 B2C Models: -
 E-tailer: - Online version of traditional retailer
 Revenue model: Sales
 Community Provider: - Provide an online environment (social network)
where people with similar interests can transact, share content, and communi-
cate.
 Example: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Pinterest.
 Revenue model: Typically, hybrid, combining advertising, subscriptions,
sales, transaction fees, affiliate fees.
 Content Provider: - Digital content on the Web.
 Example: News, music, video, text, artwork.
 Revenue model: Subscription, advertising, or affiliate.
 Portals: - Search plus an integrated package of content and services.
 Revenue model: Advertising, referral fees, transaction fees, subscriptions.
 Transaction Broker: - Process online transactions for consumers.
 Revenue Model: transaction fees.
 Industries using this model: Financial services, Travel services and Job
placement services.

 Market Creator: - Create a digital environment where buyers and sellers


can meet and transact.

 Example: Priceline and eBay.


 Revenue Model: transaction fees.

 Service Provider: - Online services.

 Example: Google—Google Maps, Gmail, etc.


 Revenue Model: sales, subscription, and advertising.
 B2B Models: -
 E-distributor: - Version of retail and wholesale store, and indirect goods.

 Example: Grainger.com.
 Revenue Model: sales.
 E-procurement: - Creates digital markets where participants transact for
indirect goods.

 Example: Ariba.
 Revenue Model: Service fees, supply-chain management, fulfillment
services.
 Exchanges: - Independently owned vertical digital marketplace for direct
inputs.
 Revenue Model: Transaction, commission fees.

 Industry Consortia: - Independently owned vertical digital marketplace for


direct inputs.

 Revenue Model: Transaction, commission fees.


 Example: Exostar.

 Private Industrial Networks: - Used to coordinate


communication among firms engaged in business together.
 E-commerce Enablers: -
ment  Hardware, soft-
systems ware, networking,
 Media solutions, performance enhancement security
 CRM software  E-commerce soft-
 Databases ware systems, pay-
 Hosting services, etc.

 How the Internet and the Web Change Business: -


 Strength of suppliers  Rivalry among existing competitors
 Bargaining power of buyers  Barriers to entry
 Threat of new substitute products

 Business Strategy: -
 Differentiation
 Cost
 Scope
 Focus

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