Term – I (2023 – 24) Subject –Chemistry

Grade: XII Section: Roll No: Marks: 70

Name of the Student: Time: 3 hr
General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully.
(a) There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
(b) SECTION A consists of 16 multiple -choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
(c) SECTION B consists of 5 short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
(d) SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
(e) SECTION D consists of 2 case - based questions carrying 4 marks each.
(f) SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
(g) All questions are compulsory.
(h) Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

SECTION A
The following questions are multiple choice questions with one correct answer. Each question carries 1
mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
Q1. Isotonic solution is the solution having the same.
(a) Surface tension (b) Vapour pressure (c) Osmotic pressure (d) Viscosity.
Q2. The units of cell constants are.
(a) Ohm-1 cm-1 (b) cm (c) Ohm-1 cm (d) cm-1
Q3. Which is the correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH-CH2-Br

C2H5
(a) 1- Bromo 2-EthylPropane (c) 1- Bromo 2-MethylButane
(b) 1- Bromo 2-Ethyl2- Methyl Ethane (d) 2-Methyl 1- Bromo Butane
Q4. Which of the following statement is true:
(a) Molecularity of reaction can be zero or a fraction.
(b) Molecularity has no meaning for complex reaction.
(c) Molecularity of a reaction is an experimental quantity.
(d) Reaction with the molecularity three are very rare but are fast.
Q5. Equation for the half - lifetime for a first order reaction is.
(a) t1/2 = 693/K (b) t1/2 = 0.693/K (c) t1/2 = 6.93/K (d) None of these
2 -2 -1
Q6.If the unit of specific rate constant (K) for the reaction is L mol s then the order of reaction is.
(a) Zero order (b) First order (c) Third order (d) Second order
Q7. E°cell and ∆G° are related as-
(a) ∆G° = nFE°cell (c) ∆G° = -nFE°cell
(b) ∆G = -nFE°cell (d) ∆G° = nFE°cell= 0
Q8. The hybridisation involved in complex [Ni(CN)4]2-is
(a) d2sp2 (b) d2sp3 (c) dsp2 (d) sp3
Q9. Which of the following is not correct-
(a) (Ni (CO)4) tetrahedral, paramagnetic (c) [Ni (CO)4] tetrahedral diamagnetic
(b) [Ni (CN)4]2-squareplanar, diamagnetic (d) [NiCl4]2-tetrahedral paramagnetic
Q10. How many ions are produced from the complex [CO(NH3)6 ] Cl2 in a solution?
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
Q11. Magnetic moment 2.84 B.M. is given by [ Atomic numbers:Ni = 28, Ti = 22, Cr = 24, Co = 27)
(a) Cr2+ (b) Co2+ (c) Ni2+ (d) Ti3+
Q12. Which one of the following has an optical isomer?
(a) [Co (H2O)4(en)]3+
(b) [Zn(en)2]2+
(c) [Zn(en)(NH3)2]2+
(d) [Co(en)3]3+
Question number 13 to 16 consists of 2 statements –
Assertion [A] and Reason [R]. Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, and R is not correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Q13. Assertion [A] - Chromium used for coating iron.
Reason [R] -Chromium is non-conducting metal which forms a protective layer of iron.
Q14. Assertion [A] - Benzyl bromide when kept in acetone-water, it produces benzyl alcohol.
Reason [R] - Reaction follows SN2mechanism.
Q15. Assertion [A] - Rate of reaction increases with increase in temperature.
Reason [R] - Number of collisions increases with increase in temperature.
Q16. Assertion [A] - Molarity of a solution in liquid state changes with temperature.
Reason [R]–The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature.

Section B
This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The following questions are very short
answer type and carry 2 marks each.
Q17. [NiCl4]2- is paramagnetic while [Ni (CO)4] is a diamagnetic though both are tetrahedral. Why?
Q18. WriteIUPAC Names of the following coordination compounds:
(a) [Co (NH3)6] Cl3 (b) K3[Fe(CN)6]
Q19. The molar conductivity at infinite dilution of Al2(SO4)3 is 858 Scm2 mol-1. Calculate molar ionic conductivity of
Al3+ ion given thatλ° (SO4)2-= 160 S cm2 mol-1.
Q20. Define: (a) Morality (b) Osmotic pressure.
Or
(1) A doctor advised persons suffering from high blood pressure to take less quantity of common salt.Give reason.
(2) Why is it advised to add ethylene glycol to water in a car radiator while driving in a hill station?
Q21. Write the structural formula for the following compound?
(a) tris (ethane-1,2 diamine) Cobalt (III) Chloride
(b) Potassium Tetracyanonickelate (II)
SECTION C
This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The following questions are short
answer type and carry 3 marks each.
Q22. Draw the structure of the products in each of the following reactions.
(a) OH
+ SOCl2

(b) CH3
+ HI

CH2 - CH3
(c)
Br2
UV Light
NO2

Q23. (a) In the following pairs of the halogen compounds which would undergo SN2 faster?
(i)
CH2-Cl and Cl (ii) Cl and

Cl
(b) Write Wurtz’s Fitting reaction.
Q24. What is Limiting Molar Conductivity? The molar conductivity of 0.025 mol L-1methanoic acid is is 46.1 cm2mol-
1
. Calculate its degree of dissociation and dissociation constant. Given λ°(H+) = 349.6 S cm2mol-1 and λ°(HCOO-) =
54.6 S cm2mol-1.
Q25. (i). For the reaction, rate law is given as rate = K [A]1/2[B]2.
What is order of reaction?
(ii). Write the name of the cell that used as hearing aids.
(iii). Which cell used for electric power in the Apollo Space Programme.
Q26. (i). What is Pseudo First Order Reaction?
(ii). What is the half life period of first order reaction? Calculate the half-life period of a First Order Reaction
where specific rate constant is 200 s-1.
Q27. How you will obtain the following – (any 2)
(a) Propene to Propan-1-ol
(b) Ethyl Chloride to Propanoic acid.
(c) Benzene to 4-Bromo nitro benzene.
Q28. (i) Complete the following reactions (giving major products)
Br2 Alc. KOH
CH3-CH2-COOAg A B

(ii) Write Friedel Crafts Alkylation Reaction.

 SECTION D
The following are case-based questions. Each question has an internal choice and carries 4(1+1+2) marks each.
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Q29. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
Are there nuclear reactions going on in our bodies?
There are nuclear reactions constantly occurring in our bodies, but there are very few of them compared to the
chemical reactions, and they do not affect our bodies much. All of the physical processes that take place to keep a
human body running are chemical processes. Nuclear reactions can lead to chemical damage, which the body may
notice and try to fix. The nuclear reaction occurring in our bodies is radioactive decay. This is the change of a less
stable nucleus to a more stable nucleus. Every atom has either a stable nucleus or an unstable nucleus, depending on
how big it is and on the ratio of protons to neutrons. The ratio of neutrons to protons in a stable nucleus is thus
around 1:1 for small nuclei (Z < 20). Nuclei with too many neutrons, too few neutrons, or that are simply too big are
unstable. They eventually transform to a stable form through radioactive decay. Wherever there are atoms with
unstable nuclei (radioactive atoms), there are nuclear reactions occurring naturally. The interesting thing is that there
are small amounts of radioactive atoms everywhere: in your chair, in the ground, in the food you eat, and yes, in your
body. The most common natural radioactive isotopes in humans are carbon-14 and potassium-40. Chemically, these
isotopes behave exactly like stable carbon and potassium. For this reason, the body uses carbon-14 and potassium-40
just like it does normal carbon and potassium; building them into the different parts of the cells, without knowing
that they are radioactive. In time, carbon-14 atoms decay to stable nitrogen atoms and potassium-40 atoms decay to
stable calcium atoms. Chemicals in the body that relied on having a carbon-14 atom or potassium-40 atom in a
certain spot will suddenly have a nitrogen or calcium atom. Such a change damages the chemical. Normally, such
changes are so rare, that the body can repair the damage or filter away the damaged chemicals. The natural
occurrence of carbon-14 decay in the body is the core principle behind carbon dating. As long as a person is alive and
still eating, every carbon-14 atom that decays into a nitrogen atom is replaced on average with a new carbon-14
atom. But once a person dies, he stops replacing the decaying carbon-14 atoms. Slowly the carbon-14 atoms decay to
nitrogen without being replaced, so that there is less and less carbon-14 in a dead body. The rate at which carbon-14
decays is constant and follows first order kinetics. It has a half - life of nearly 6000 years, so by measuring the
relative amount of carbon-14 in a bone, archaeologists can calculate when the person died. All living organisms
consume carbon, so carbon dating can be used to date any living organism, and any object made from a living
organism. Bones, wood, leather, and even paper can be accurately dated, as long as they first existed within the last
60,000 years. This is all because of the fact that nuclear reactions naturally occur in living organisms.
a. Why is Carbon -14 radioactive while Carbon -12 not? (Atomic number of Carbon: 6)
b. Researchers have uncovered the youngest known dinosaur bone, dating around 65 million years ago. How was the
age of this fossil estimated?
c. Which are the two most common radioactive decays happening in human body? d. Suppose an organism has 20 g
of Carbon -14 at its time of death. Approximately how much Carbon -14 remains after 10,320 years? (Given antilog
0.517 = 3.289)
OR
d. Approximately how old is a fossil with 12 g of Carbon -14 if it initially possessed 32 g of Carbon -14? (Given log
2.667 = 0.4260)
Q30. The lead-acid battery represents the oldest rechargeable battery technology. Lead acid batteries can be found in a
wide variety of applications including small-scale power storage such as UPS systems, ignition power sources for
automobiles, along with large, grid-scale power systems. The spongy lead act as the anode and lead dioxide as the
cathode. Aqueous sulphuric acid is used as an electrolyte. The half-reactions during discharging of lead storage cells
are:
Anode: Pb(s)  SO42 (aq)  PbSO4 (s)  2e
Cathode: PbO2(s) 4H (aq)  SO42 (aq)  2e PbSO4(s)  2H2O
There is no safe way of disposal and these batteries end - up in landfills. Lead and sulphuric acid are extremely
hazardous and pollute soil, water as well as air. Irrespective of the environmental challenges it poses, lead-acid
batteries have remained an important source of energy.
Designing green and sustainable battery systems as alternatives to conventional means remains relevant. Fuel cells
are seen as the future source of energy. Hydrogen is considered a green fuel. Problem with fuel cells at present is the
storage of hydrogen. Currently, ammonia and methanol are being used as a source of hydrogen for fuel cell. These
are obtained industrially, so add to the environmental issues.
If the problem of storage of hydrogen is overcome, is it still a “green fuel?” Despite being the most abundant
element in the Universe, hydrogen does not exist on its own so needs to be extracted from the water using
electrolysis or separated from carbon fossil fuels. Both of these processes require a significant amount of energy
which is currently more than that gained from the hydrogen itself. In addition, this extraction typically requires the
use of fossil fuels. More research is being conducted in this field to solve these problems. Despite the problem of no-
good means to extract Hydrogen, it is a uniquely abundant and renewable source of energy, perfect for our future
zero-carbon needs.
Answer the following questions:
(a) How many coulombs have been transferred from anode to cathode in order to consume one mole of sulphuric
acid during the discharging of lead storage cell?
(b) How much work can be extracted by using lead storage cell if each cell delivers about 2.0 V of voltage? (1 F =
96500 C)
(c) Do you agree with the statement – “Hydrogen is a green fuel.” Give your comments for and against this
statement and justify your views.
OR
 Imagine you are a member of an agency funding scientific research. Which of the following projects will you fund
and why?
(i) safe recycling of lead batteries
(ii) extraction of hydrogen
SECTION E
The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Internal choice in one question.
Q31 Give Reasons – (Attempt any 3)
1. n-Butyl bromide has higher boiling point than t-Butyl bromide.
2. The presence of -NO2 group at O and P positions increase the reactivity of haloarenes towards
nucleophilicsubstitution reactions.
3. Chlorobenzene is extremely less reactive towards a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
a. What kind of isomerism exist between [Cr (H2O)6] Cl3 and [Cr(H2O)5 Cl] Cl2.H2O ?
b. What is heterolytic complex?
Q32. What is molecularity? A first order reaction is 15% complete in 20 minutes. How long will it take to complete
60%? [ log 17 = 1.2304 and log 20 = 1.3010, log 5 = 0.6989, log 2 = 0.3010]
Or
What is activation energy? The rate of reaction becomes 4 times when the temperature changes from 239K to 313K.
Calculate the energy of activation (Ea) of the reaction assuming that it does not change with temperature. [R = 8.314
JK-1 mol-1, log 4 = 0.6021]
Q33. (A) On the basis of crystal field theory,Write the electronic configuration of d4 in terms of t2g and eg in an
octahedral field when
i. ∆0 > P ii. ∆0< P
(B) Write the following –
i) Ionization isomer of [Co (NH3)5 Br] SO4
ii) Linkage isomer of [Co (NH3)5ONO] Cl2
iii) Coordination isomer of [Cu (NH3)4] [PtCl4]