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    Bio 2

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    Kyla Jane Gabica
    Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Dermal tissue covers the outside and protects the plant. Ground tissue provides support and stores materials. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and compounds through two networks - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals upward while phloem transports photosynthetic products throughout the plant. Leaves absorb light and carry out photosynthesis, with structures like the blade and stomata that regulate gas exchange.

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    Bio 2

    Uploaded by

    Kyla Jane Gabica
    17 views3 pages
    Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Dermal tissue covers the outside and protects the plant. Ground tissue provides support and stores materials. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and compounds through two networks - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals upward while phloem transports photosynthetic products throughout the plant. Leaves absorb light and carry out photosynthesis, with structures like the blade and stomata that regulate gas exchange.

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    BIO 2 - Google Docs

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    Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Dermal tissue covers the outside and protects the plant. Ground tissue provides support and stores materials. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and compounds through two networks - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals upward while phloem transports photosynthetic products throughout the plant. Leaves absorb light and carry out photosynthesis, with structures like the blade and stomata that regulate gas exchange.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views3 pages

    Bio 2

    Uploaded by

    Kyla Jane Gabica
    Plant organs are composed of three tissue systems - dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. Dermal tissue covers the outside and protects the plant. Ground tissue provides support and stores materials. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and compounds through two networks - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals upward while phloem transports photosynthetic products throughout the plant. Leaves absorb light and carry out photosynthesis, with structures like the blade and stomata that regulate gas exchange.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    PLANTS’ SPECIALIZED STRUCTURES

    • Plant organs are made of three tissue systems.


    1. Dermal tissue covers the outside of a plant.
    – protects the plant
    – secretes cuticle of leaves
    – forms outer bark of trees

    VOCABULARY Made of Epidermis and Cuticle


    Histology •Epidermis
    •study of animal and plant tissues. - a protective tissue that covers the entire surface of the
    plant. The epidermis protects the plant from infection and
    Microtome water loss.
    • an instrument used to cut tissues into
    ultrathin sections. •Cuticle
    – the outermost layer of plants, which covers leaves, fruits,
    flowers, and non-woody stems of higher plants. It helps to
    prevent evaporation from the leaf surface.

    2. Ground tissue is found inside a plant.


    – provides support
    – stores materials in roots and stems.
    – most commonly made of parenchyma.

    3. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals and organic


    Plant Cells and Tissues
    compounds.
    KEY CONCEPT
    – two networks of hollow tubes.
    ● Plants have specialized cells and tissue systems.
    – xylem transports water and minerals.
    – phloem transports photosynthetic products.
    • Water and dissolved minerals move through xylem.
    * Xylem contains specialized cells.
    – vessel elements are short and wide
    – tracheid cells are long and narrow
    – xylem cells die at maturity

    • Phloem carries sugars from photosynthesis


    throughout the plant.
    * Phloem contains specialized cells.
    – sieve tube elements have holes at ends.
    – companion cells help sieve tube elements.
    – unlike xylem, phloem tissue is alive.

    • Transpiration is the loss of water vapor through leaves.


    – water vapor exits leaf stomata.
    – helps pull water to the top branches.

    • Roots anchor plants and absorb mineral nutrients from


    soil.
    • Roots provide many functions.
    – support the plant
    – absorb, transport, and store nutrients
    – root hairs help absorption

    •There are several parts of a root.


    – root cap covers the tip
    – apical meristem is an area of growth
    – vascular cylinder contains xylem and phloem.

    KEY CONCEPT
    ● Leaves absorb light and carry out photosynthesis.

    • Most leaves share some similar structures.


    *The blade is usually broad and flat.
    – collects sunlight for photosynthesis.
    – connects to the stem by a petiole.

    • Guard cells surround each stoma.


    – Stomata open and close when guard cells
    change shape.
    – When stomata are open, water evaporates
    and gas exchanges.
    – Stomata close at night and when plant loses
    too much water.

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