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    Cse 216 - L7

    Uploaded by

    Hasin Eshrak
    The document summarizes the instruction format of the 8086 microprocessor. It has 6 bytes and the size can vary from 1 to 6 bytes. Byte 1 contains the operation code and specifies the register as source or destination. Byte 2 contains the register, data size, memory/register mode, and register fields. Bytes 3 and 4 contain displacements or immediate data. Bytes 5 and 6 also contain parts of immediate data if bytes 3 and 4 are used for displacement. The R/M field specifies the registers used for effective address calculation depending on the memory mode. Examples are given to demonstrate the machine code for different instructions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cse 216 - L7

    Uploaded by

    Hasin Eshrak
    6 views7 pages
    The document summarizes the instruction format of the 8086 microprocessor. It has 6 bytes and the size can vary from 1 to 6 bytes. Byte 1 contains the operation code and specifies the register as source or destination. Byte 2 contains the register, data size, memory/register mode, and register fields. Bytes 3 and 4 contain displacements or immediate data. Bytes 5 and 6 also contain parts of immediate data if bytes 3 and 4 are used for displacement. The R/M field specifies the registers used for effective address calculation depending on the memory mode. Examples are given to demonstrate the machine code for different instructions.

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    CSE 216_L7

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    The document summarizes the instruction format of the 8086 microprocessor. It has 6 bytes and the size can vary from 1 to 6 bytes. Byte 1 contains the operation code and specifies the register as source or destination. Byte 2 contains the register, data size, memory/register mode, and register fields. Bytes 3 and 4 contain displacements or immediate data. Bytes 5 and 6 also contain parts of immediate data if bytes 3 and 4 are used for displacement. The R/M field specifies the registers used for effective address calculation depending on the memory mode. Examples are given to demonstrate the machine code for different instructions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views7 pages

    Cse 216 - L7

    Uploaded by

    Hasin Eshrak
    The document summarizes the instruction format of the 8086 microprocessor. It has 6 bytes and the size can vary from 1 to 6 bytes. Byte 1 contains the operation code and specifies the register as source or destination. Byte 2 contains the register, data size, memory/register mode, and register fields. Bytes 3 and 4 contain displacements or immediate data. Bytes 5 and 6 also contain parts of immediate data if bytes 3 and 4 are used for displacement. The R/M field specifies the registers used for effective address calculation depending on the memory mode. Examples are given to demonstrate the machine code for different instructions.

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    8086 Microprocessor

    Instruction Format

    By

    Lecture 7
    Instruction Format

    • 8086 instruction size vary from one to six bytes

    BYTE 1 BYTE 2 BYTE 3 BYTE 4 BYTE 5 BYTE 6

    ……
    Low Disp / High Disp / Low High
    DATA DATA DATA DATA
    OP D W MOD REG R/M
    CODE

    Register operand / Register to use in EA calculation


    Register operand / Extension of Op code
    Register operand / Memory mode with displacement length
    Word/Byte operation

    Direction is to Register/ Direction is from Register

    Operation Code
    Byte1

    • Opcode
    • occupies six bits
    • Defines the operation to be carried out by the instruction.
    • Example: MOV=1000102
    • Register direction bit (D)
    • occupies one bit
    • D=0, when the register operand in byte 2 is source.
    • D=1, when the register operand in byte 2 is destination.
    • Data size bit (W)
    • occupies one bit
    • W=0, indicates 8 bit operation.
    • W=1, indicates 16-bit operation.
    REG W=0 W=1

    Byte 2 000 AL AX
    001 CL CX
    010 DL DX
    • MOD
    • occupies two bits 011 BL BX
    • 00 - Memory mode with no displacement follows 100 AH SP
    and 16 bit displacement when R/M=110
    101 CH BP
    • 01 -Memory mode with 8-bit displacement
    110 DH SI
    • 10 -Memory mode with 16-bit displacement
    • 11 -Register mode 111 BH DI

    • REG field R/M W=0 W=1


    • Occupies three bits 000 AL AX
    • Defines the register which is specified in the D-bit
    001 CL CX
    of byte 1 as source or destination.
    • Specifies register with W -bit 010 DL DX

    • R/M field 011 BL BX


    • occupies three bits 100 AH SP
    • Definition depends on MOD field 101 CH BP
    • When MOD=11, this field specifies second register,
    depending on W bit as REG. 110 DH SI
    • For other MOD values this field specifies the 111 BH DI
    pointers used in effective address calculation
    R/M field specification for effective address calculation

    Effective address calculation


    R/M MOD = 00 MOD = 01 MOD=10

    000 [BX]+[SI] [BX]+[SI]+ D8 [BX]+[SI]+ D16

    001 [BX]+[DI] [BX]+[DI]+ D8 [BX]+[DI]+ D16

    010 [BP]+[SI] [BP]+[SI]+ D8 [BP]+[SI]+ D16

    011 [BP]+[DI] [BP]+[DI]+ D8 [BP]+[DI]+ D16

    100 [SI] [SI]+D8 [SI]+D16

    101 [DI] [DI]+D8 [DI]+D16

    110 Direct address [BP]+D8 [BP]+D16

    111 [BX] [BX]+D8 [BX]+ D16


    Byte3
    • Defines 8 bit displacement
    • Defines low 8 bit of 16 bit displacement
    • Low 8-bit of immediate data (immediate addressing)

    Byte 4
    n Defines high 8 bit of 16 bit displacement
    n High 8-bit of immediate data (immediate addressing)

    Byte 5
    n Low 8-bit of immediate data (immediate addressing) when byte 3
    and 4 are used for displacement
    Byte 6
    n High 8-bit of immediate data (immediate addressing) when byte 3
    and 4 are used for displacement
    Example
    • Machine code for: MOV AX, BX (Machine code for MOV=100010)
    • 100010 0 1 11 011 000
    MOV D W MOD REG R/M

    • Machine code for: SUB AL, [BP][SI] (Machine code for SUB=001010)
    • 001010 10 00 000 010
    SUB D W MOD REG R/M

    • Exercise
    • Machine code for: SUB CL, [BX][DI]200h (Machine code for SUB=001010)
    • Machine code for: MOV [SI]2304h, 4050h (Machine code for MOV=100010)

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