PR!

NCIPLES OF INHERITANCIE
& VARIATION

....
•~ - - - - - - - - -- -- -- --
:\ lend el's law s of Inh erit anc e
- - --- -- -- -- -- -
- •
••· ...• 7. The plan t Mendel selected for hi s experime nts
belo nged to _ __ family
Th~ bran ch of bota ny deal ing with heredity (1) Sola nace ae (2) Lilia ceae
l.
and Yaria tion is calle d (3) Faba ceae (4) Bras sicac eae
( 1) Evol ution (2) Gen etics 8. How man y pairs of cont rasti ng char acter s in
(3) Geo bota ny ( 4) Seri cultu re pea plants were stud ied by Men del in his
expe rime nts
1. Select the corr ect state men t.
(1) 2 (2) 9 (3) 5 (4) 7
A . Vari ation is the degr ee by whic h prog eny
diffe r from their pare nts. 9. A pure line is a
B. Hum ans knew from as early as 8000 -100 0 ( 1) Grou p of indiv idua ls whic h are
A.D .. that one of the caus es of varia tion morp holo gica lly simi lar
was hidd en in sexu al repro duct ion. (2) Popu latio n of plan ts or anim als whic h
( 1) Only A is corr ect (2) Only B is corre ct carry gene s in hom ozyg ous cond ition
(3 ) Both are corr ect ( 4) Both are inco rrect (3) Grou p of indiv idua ls whic h are
morp holo gica lly dissi mila r
L Gregor Men del, cond ucte d hybr idisa tion
(4) Hap loid indiv idua l
expe rime nts on gard en peas for
(1) Seve n year s (185 5-18 62) 10. The tech niqu e of remo val of stam ens
m
(2) Seve n year s (185 6-18 63) hybr idisa tion used by Men del was
(3) Seve n year s ( 1866 -187 3) ( 1) Ema scul ation (2) Back cros s
(4) Seve n year s (185 3-18 69) (3) Dou ble cros s (4) Sing le cros s
'• Which coun try did Men del belo ng to 11. Ema scul ation is
(1) Aust ria (2) Germ any (1) Rem oval of carp els from Unis exua l
(3) Indi a (4) Engl and flowers
(2) Rem oval of anth er from bisex ual flow er
Who is the fathe r of Gen etics ?
bud after it dehi sces usin g a pair of forceps
(1) Men del (2) Schw ann (3) Rem oval of anth er from bisex ual flower
(3) Hug o de Vrie s ( 4) Von Tsch erma k bud befo re it dehi sces usin g a pair of
The bota nica l nam e of gard en pea is forceps
( 1) Lath yrus odor atus (4) Rem oval of carp els from bisex ual flow ers.
(2) Man gifer a indic a
12. Find the corr ect state men t w.r.t. M ende
(3) Pisu m sativ um l's
inve stiga tions into inhe ritan ce
(4) Sola num tube rosum
(1) It was for the first time that statistica l
 . . fl
. . . · ·& var111tl0
Pnnc,ph·s o ,. I n l1 ••nrnnc'-'
'-
'
·t te rn e n t w.r. t true br(.;" '
. ·k th e no t trues a --~
\
18. M<11 Me ndel .
,Ill .th :-. I:-. ,lll d 111.1 flll'll1 : llll . ' " I, ))'• ll' \\ L' I L' I inc do ne by . ble tra it inhentance
, . the sta . .
·. I'"' '11 1... 111 :-. Ill l,111 111)! ·\ , ( I) Shows bl trait inhentance
1- ,
•1pp l 1nl 11 ,
·ill s :1 11111 11 1/ , , . u n s ta c f l .
t ~) I l1 s L" \ fll'I 111ll' llf :-. li :1d 11 :-, Il l, · . . llt L' ( 2 ) Shows tinuou s sel -po li nati
lc rg· one co n 011
:-. l / 1..' . \\ h 1d1 _!.!: I\ l ' 1: 1l' : I , · 11..· dilll lll Y f
I l I l
0
(1 ) Un( 3)
d . 11.1 tli. 11 Il l· \·" lkl·fl'd
•

.. . fruin
(4) Ho th ( I ) & ( . .
icrc nu :s . fi JI ow ing 1s not a dominant tr
( .1 ) I lie l'\lll til 111 :1(1\\ ll \l • 1ll :-. 111 , r
. ' . . . . . , ,c m:rat 1011 s u 19. Whi ch of the o ·mental organism? c
1..' '\ j'l..' l ll llClll S l ll l S lll l l s :-,1\ I. µ 1
in Mend e ls ex p~;. n _ terminal
p nn n I I Il : I I I1is· res.' ults
111 :-. k :--1 p l:111 ts . ( 1) Flower poSI
10
violet
. I L.S. l ,r in. hcntan cc
Pl' l lltl'd 11.l ~ L' lll'I : 1I Ill (2) Flower colour yellow
r·.1tlwr than bc i11 ~ un subSl :intiat cd (3) Seed colour pod
1d c :1:- . (4) Green
(--D lfo th 1 8: 3 . ted in the figure process
. . atc d
I1a ra c·tc·rs• in the ga rden
20. Name the d epic
IJ . \ k ndcl 1nn·st1g c .
. - d as,
pea p b nt that were 111,mtf·cstc . traits
(I) Th ree si mila1· (2) Tliree opp~smg
(J ) Two similar (4) Two opposmg cJ'
Parent
14. Select the co1Tect statement for truebreeding

~
line
( 1) Undergoes continuous self-pollination

~
(.2 ) Shov,s stable trait inheritance r.f-~2,::."?'....-- Transfer of pollen ~
( 3 ) Expression for several generations. '\.(Pollination)
(4) All of them
(1) Pollination self
15. March the columns I (Characters) and II.
(2) Pollination Artificial
(Contrasting Traits)
(3) Emasculation Removal of anther
Column-I Column-II (4) Emasculation Removal of stamer
(Characters) Contrasting Traits
J .... .==--,========= ==,,--------,~
Inheritance of One Gene
A. Flower colour P. White •=··..,,.....,.,======,...,,.,, ,,,,.=====.,,,-----=
B. Pod shape Q. Yellow 21. The cross between two parents differing in 01
contrasting character is called _ _ __
C. Pod colour R. Constricted ( 1) Dihybrid cross
(2) Monohybrid cross
D. Seed shape S. Wrinkled (3) Pleoitropy
(4) Multiple allelism
(J) A - R, B - P, C - Q, D- S
(2) A - (), 8 - R, C - P, 0-S 22. A monohybrid cross is the one in which
(3) A - P , B - R, C - Q, 0-S (1) A single pair of contrasting characters
(4) A - Q, B - P, C - R, 0-S is considered for the genetic results.
(2) Only a single plant is involved for the
16. The dominant flower colour in Pea is
experiment.
(1) Pink (2) White
(3) A hybrid is crossed to a homozygous .
(3) YeJJow (4) Violet
(4) None of the above
l7. Which traits were not chosen by Mendel ?
23. Mating among close relations is referred
( 1) Flower position terminal
( 1) Inbreeding
(2) Seed shape round
(2) Line breeding
(3) Flower colour white
(3) Cross breeding
(4) Pod colour pink
( 4) Permanent marriage
 ( 1) s c 1ccuon 01 pu n.~ I mes, cross polli11;1tiu 11 ,
32. I low w as Me nde l able to obtain the recess ive
self pollination
l;) Cross pollination .sckctiu11 ot' pure lin es , character?
sc i r pol I ination (I) By sc i r-pol I iation F 1

(2) By se lf-pollination pure parents

(3) Sc k c tinn or pure lines. sc lt'polli1wtion ,
cross pollin:1tiun (3) By cross- pollination F 1
(➔ ) Cross pollination . sci r pollination , (4) He ne ver obtained the recessive character
Sc kction of pure lines 33. Match the columns l and II.
15. The firs t hybrid progeny obtained by Mendel o:..:
c::..:.
rL_[_ , __ _ _ -=--n--I_ ,.___-+-_,._,._c_o_l_u_m_n_-_1_1=="l
lu=m
,n:rc c:1lkd
l l) F~ -progcnJ (2) F 0-progeny A. Fl Generation P. 3/4 are
(3) F -progcn y (4) F 3-progeny
1 dominant
16. Find the correct option
( l) FI - offsprings obtained after self B. F2 Generation Q. All are
pollination of pme parents dominant,
(2) F2 - offsprings obtained after self
pollination of pure parents heterozygous
(3) F 1 - offsprings obtained after cross
pollination of pure parents R. 1/4 recessive
(4) Fl - offsprings obtained after cross
pollination of pure parents (1) A- R, B-P, A-Q
(2) A- Q, B-R, B-P
27. When a true breeding Tall pea p lant 1s (3) A- P, B-R, A-Q
pollinated by a true breeding dwarf plant then (4) A- Q, B-P, B-R
all the F I plants will b e tall. This means that
34. In a cross between a pure tall pea plant with
the allele for tall is
(2) Recessive green pod and a pure short plant with yellow
( l) Heterozygous
•t (3) Dominant ( 4) Co-dominant
28. In a cross between pure tall and dwarf plant
pod, how many short plants out of 16 would
you expect n F 2 generation?
(1) 9 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 1
F 1-progeny is always
}f
35. Mendel experiments proved that m F2-
(1) Dwarf (2) Tall
generation both the tall and dwarf plants were
(3) Intermediate (4) Very tall
produced. This shows
29. With respect to the Filial 2 generation which of (1) Independent assortment
the following sentences is correct? (2) Incomplete dominance
(1) I/2 th of the F2 plants were dwarf (3) Non-blending of characters
(2) I/4 th of the f 2 plants were dwarf ( 4) Intermediate characters
(3) 314 th of the F 2 pl a nts we re dwarf Percentage of pure breeding F 2 individulas of a
36.
(4) I /8 th of th e F 2 plants w e re dwarf monohybrid cross would be
30. Out of the fo ur progen ies obtain e d in F 2 ( l) 50% (2) 75 % (3) 25 % ( 4) 12. 5%
generation by cross ing pure tall an_d pure _ 37. During hi s ex pe riments , Mendel u sed the term
dwarf, what percentage of them _wtll rc~c,v\ _ _ _ for what is called today as Genes.
only recessive trai t from both o f the pa, e nts · ( l) Factor (2) Traits
(1) 50 (2) 100 (3) 25 (4) 75 (3) Characters (4) A ll eles
3l.. According to Mendel's observation, which
38. Smallest structure having the power of
generation of p rogeny always represents the replicating itself is
phenotype of the Recessive parent?
 l I ) R ibl):-.Ulll(' (2) ( 1(' 11 (' (4 ) Rece ss ive
( _, )Ch 11.)rnpbst (--l ) I\ 1ihK·h ondri:i
4 5. Ca pitali sati_on ~f the chara~ te~ appe~ red in t]i,
9. ( icncs \\ h ich c1.Hk's rnr :1 p :1i r 1. l l' L'Ot1(r:1s ti11 g Fl ge nerati on 1s d o ne to indica te its
chara ckrs :ire
( l) Chara cter ( 2 ) Tr:1it
c hara c te r - --
----
( l ) Reces s ive (2) Half domin ant
(3) .\ lkks ( ..t) F :1Cl\)1. (3) Domi nant (4) Half recessi ve
0. An :1lh: k is the 46. A red-flo wered p ea plant was crosse d with
(I) T1.1tal l\lllllb cr l) l° ~ l"llL'S rlH. :1 trait white- flowe red plant. in Fl genera tion all
(2) T1.1t :d m1mb cr of ~cn cs 011 chrom osome plants were red. It confir ms that white colour
(.,) .\ ltc nlati \c f,-'nn ofa c hara c ter
lS :
( -l- ) .\ lt c mati n:- form a gene
(I) Domi nant charac ter
l. 1t 1~ ::-3id that T\knd cl propo sed that the factor (2) Reces sive charac ter
CL'1t1tro lling any charac ter is discre te and (3) Non-g enetic expre ssion
indepe ndent . This propo sition was based on ( 4) None of the above
the
4 7. In a cross betwe en axial and termin al flower ed
( l) Obse1 Yation s that the offspr ing of a
pea plants , F2 proge ny show
cross made betwe en plants havin g
(1) Axial flower s (2) Termi nal flowers
t\,·o contra sting charac ters shows only one
(3) Both (1) and (2) (4) None of these
charac ter witho ut any blend ing
( ~) Resul ts of F. gener ation of a cross
.)
48. Which of the follow ing is consid ered as a
( 3 ) Cross pollin ation of paren tal genera tions recess ive charac ter of Pea plant?
(4 ) Self pollin ation F offspr ing (1) Green pod (2) Round seed
1
(3 ) Axial flower ( 4) Wrink led seed
• \\ nicb of the statem ents are correc t based on
\.1end e l e xperim ents ofinhe ritanc e of one gene 49. Which o f the follow ing statem ents are false?
1. He propo sed that somet hing was being I. A recess ive allele doesn ot expres s in the
stably passe d down, uncha nged, from presen ce of a domin ant allele.
paren t to offspr ing throug h the gamet es II. A domin ant allele do not shows its effects
11. He called these things as 'genes '. when paired with a recess ive allele.
111. Genes are the units of inheri tance. (1) I (2) II (3) Both (4) None
1 v. Genes which code for a pair of contra sting 50. The extern al appea rance of an indivi dual for
traits are know n as alleles any trait is called as
( 1) i is correc t (1) Morph ology (2) Pheno type
( 2) i , ii a re correc t only (3) Karyo type (4) Physiq ue
(3) i, iii and iv are correc t only
(4) All a re corre ct 51. The physic al appea rance and genetic
consti tution of a charac ter is called
,. An allel e is domin ant if it is expes sed in and _ _ _ _ respec tive ly
---
(1) Secon d gene ration only ( I) Genot ype, Pheno type
(2) Both homo z ygou s and he terozy gou s (2) Pheno type only
states (3) Pheno type, Genot ype
(3) Homo zygou s combi nation only ( 4) Genot ype only
(4) Hetero zygou s combi nation only
52. Organ isms pheno typica lly simila r but
1. The allele which does not expres s in the Fl genoty pically differe nt are said to be
genera tion in presen ce of anoth er allele is (I) Mono zygou s (2) Multiz ygous
( 1) Domi nant (3) Hetero zygou s ( 4) Homo zygou s
(2) Co-do minan t
53. An organi sm having a p a ir o f d issimi lar a!lele5
( 3 ) Incom p letely domin ant
IS
 Principles of Inheritan ce & Variation ill
( 1) HomoLygo us recessive
('.?) I kt crozygo us ()0. J\ pea plant th at is hetcrzygous for the flo wer
(3 )Homozygou s recessive gene ma kes gametes. What is the probab ility
(-0 Hcmi zygous that o ne or its gametes contain s the recessive
white allele for nowe r co lor?
-' • Sdcct th .
e mos t ap. 11roJ)ri·tt,
• C Up 11011
. (I) 50% (2) 25'½1 (3) 0% (4) 75 %
A. Jt ts co nve111cnt (and 1 ) , • " I)
. . l g i c .i tu u se th e 61 . Wh en ho mozygo us dominant parent is crossed
cap ital and lower case )t·. .1
1 bet1.ca l
. ' ' l ,111ap1a with heterozygo us parent, the percentage of
~ym~o l to remember thi s concept o r
offsprings with different phenotype than either
dommancc and reccs•·i ',, ·v,,,
--- 1ess parent is
B. A ll e les ca n be similar as in the case of (I) 75 (2) 25 (3) 50 ( 4) 0
hom .
o zygotes
~
Tt a nd tt o1· ca11 c
b e ct·1ss1m1
. ·1 ar
as _m the case of the he terozygote TT 62. If a cross is made between AA and aa the
'
( I) A 1s cotTect (2) B is conect nature of F I progeny wi 11 be
(3) Both are correct ( 4) Both are inconect ( 1) Genotypically Aa, pbenotypically a
(2) Genotypically aa, phenotypically A
,. Choose the inconect match.
(3) Genotypically Aa, phenotypically A
( 1) Genotype Physical appearance (4) Genotypically AA, phenotypically a
of an organism
1 1) Phenotype Phys1cal
· 63. IfT (tallness), Y (yellow colour) are dominant,
\ appearance
when a plant heterozygous for both traits is
of an organism
selfed, then the ratio of pure homozygous
(3) Homozygous Identical alleles of
dwarf and green would be
character
(1) 1/16 (2) 3/16 (3) 1/3 (4) 1/4
(4) Heterozygous - Genes of an allelic
pair are not same 64. In genetics, the use of checkerboard was done
by
The phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross in
(1) Darwin (2) Conens
F2-generation is (3) Punnet (4) Mendel
(1) 3: 1 (2) 1 : 2 : 1
(3) l : 3 (4) 9:3:3:1 65. What features can be understood from Punnett
Square?
The Genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross in (1) Formation of the zygotes
F2-generation is (2) Production of gametes by the parents
(1) 3: 1 (2) 1 : 2 : 1 (3) Production of gametes by the F 1 and F2
(3) 1 : 3 ( 4) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 plants
If Tt pea plant is crossed with Tt pea plant, (4) All of them
then the off springs will be 66. Reginald C. Punnett is a
A: 75 % Tall B : 25% Dwarf (1) British botanist (2) Briti sh geneticist
C : 50% homozygou s D : 50% Hetrozygous (3) German botanist ( 4) German geneticist
(1) A, C D (2) A,B , C D 67. Graphical representation to calculate the
(3) BCD only (4) ABC only probability of all possible genotype of an
A cross is made between th e two organisms offspring in genetic cross is called
both of which have a genetic make up of Bb (I) Bunett square (2) Punnettsquare
for a particular trait, and two offsprings are (3) Punne tt rec tangl e ( 4) Mendel square
produced. the first offspring exhibit the 68. Sel ect the incorrect statement
dominant trait. What is the probability that the 1. It was developed by a British genetici st,
second offsprings will exhibit the recessive Robert C. Punnett
trait? 11. It is a graphical representation to calc ulate
( I ) 100 (2) 1/4 (3) Zero (4) 3/4 the probability of all possib le genotypes
of offspring in a genetic cross
 ( ] ) 7J . I lo w wo ul d yo u te st a
()1 11 \ I ( ' ) ()1 11 ) II Pe a pl an t w heth er .

l\l
ru n; or hy bn.u fo
, ; ) l{, , 111 l·' ) N, llll ' r ta II ne ss .? I\
In th 1.' t,,11, " ' ( 1) Cr os s th e pe a pl
,11 1: , l1.1 r 1, 1111
1'11.· ·dp h :1I K' IS a nt wi th a pu re tall
1-: i,11.: :-1.· n i...:d 1t1 .' ·1 . h 1.' " "k :--
•
tllL'
. , pl a nt
, 11, , .., · sq11.11 c
( 2 ) Cr os s th e pe a pl
I "' 111,' , , ll b an t wi th an ot he r ta! \
pe a pl a nt un kn ow n ge
no ty pe

t Xi
(3 ) Cr os s th e pe a
pl an t wi th an y Pe a Pla
( 4) Cr os s th e pe a pl nt .
an t wi th a ho m oz yg au,
dw ar f Pe a
~; I i}w ,ut
74 . Te s t cr os s is w he n
·

l I (1 ) Fl cr os se d w ith
ho m oz yg ou s rece ssive
pa re nt
" (2 ) F 1 cr os se d w ith
he te ro zy go us parent
(3 ) Fl cr os se d w ith
ho m oz yg ou s do m inant
pa re nt
F ge ne ra lio ,✓, ," / 75 .
(4) F 1 cr os se d w ith
M en de l pe rf or m ed te
ho m oz yg ou s pa re nt
st cr os s to kn ow the
· 1 ,/ (1 ) G en ot yp e of Fl
(2 ) Ph en ot yp e ofFJ
(3 ) G en ot yp e of F2
( l) On ly on e pa re nt al ga m ( 4) Ph en ot yp e of F2
et e 76 . A cr os s be tw ee n F 1 hy
, ~ ) Bo th th e pa re nt al br id an d a re ce ss ive
ga m et es on ei th er sid
( 3 ) Ge no ty pe of e pa re nt gi ve s a ra tio of
F1 :
( 4 ) Ph en ot yp e of
F1 (1 ) 1:1 (2 ) 3: 1 (3 ) 2: 1 (4 ) 4: 1
i O. In ge ne tic s th e
te rm te st cr os s m ea ns 77 . A te st cr os s is ca rri ed
ou t to
( 1 ) Cr os sin g an F ( 1) D et er m in e th e ge
in di vi du al w ith ei th er no ty pe of a pl an t at F2
1
th e tw o pa re nt s. of (2 ) D et er m in e th e ge
no ty pe of a pl an t at Fl
( 2 ) T he cr os sin g
of F 1 in di vi du al wi th (3 ) D et er m in e th e ge
no ty pe of th e pa re nt
ho m oz yg ou s re ce ss pl an t
iv e.
( 3 ) C ro ss in g F
in di vi du al w ith th at of (4 ) To kn ow if pl an
1 F • t w ill gr ow / vi ab le
( 4 ) Cr os sin g F in
di vi du al wi th an ot he r 2 ph en ot yp e
in di vi du al.
I F1
78 . Th e cr os si ng of F
1 hy br id to is done i
71 . Ra ti o of pr og en y wh en a te st cr os s is ca lle d ---
a re d co lo ur ed
he te ro zy go te is cr os se
d wi th a w hi te co lo ur bb
pl an t in whi ch re d co ed
lo ur is do m in an t ov er
wh ite co lo ur b b
(I ) 1:2 : I
(3 ) 3: I
(2 ) 9 :3 :3 : 1 Bb B ~ b Bb
(4 ) I : I b bb bb
72 . Te st cr os s in vo lv es a
cr os s be tw ee n ( I) F2
(1 ) Re ce s s iv e F I-p la (2 ) Re ce ss iv e pare nt
nt an d do m in an t pu re (3 ) F 1
-p lan t ( 4) D om in an t pa rent
(2 ) Re ce ss iv e Fl -p la 79 . H et
nt a nd re ce ss iv e pa re er oz yg ou s pu rp le flo
pl an t nt - w er is c ro ss ed with
re c.e ss iv e w hi te flo we
r. Th e pr og en y has the
(3 ) D om in an t F2 -p la ra tio :
nt an d re ce ss iv e pa re
pl an ts nt (1 ) A ll w hi te
(4 ) Do m in an t F2 -p h. (2 ) A ll pu rp le
nt an d do m in an t pa re
p lan ts nt (3 ) 75 % p u rp le an d
25 % w h ite
(4 ) 50 % pu rp le an d
50 % w h ite
 A cross involving F 1 hy b .·d .
.o. recessive
. pa re n t is c a l led ·I I <-l lld '\ d
<
lI
o u Jc (J ) Law o f dominance
(I) Di hybrid c ros s ( ?.) M . (4 ) Law o f' inucpenclent assortment
.h b .d - ultrpk e r .
(3) T n y n c ross (➔) ·~, . _ o ss HH. T he whi ch ex press itse lf in both
;.ii lclc
les t l ross
• Pure t3 11 Pea plant can be dilkr, .. ,
homo1/.ygou s anJ heterozygo us co11dition is
en 11.it cd
1
llybrid ta ll Pea pl:-tnt by f ro111 ca ll cd
(I) Dominant allel e (2) Recess ive allele
( 1) Test cross with dw ·u-f 1
the progen y ot·· t·1ll ,rJI p ant ~lllu findin g (J) Lethal a llel e (4) Codominant allele
. ~ ' ~ ants .
(2) Selfi ng a nd fi ndin Ot'" th,c pr .ogcny ot-. tall 89. Apperance of only one character in F 1
pants
I generation though it is a cross fertilisation is
(3) Both ( I ) and (2) explained by
(-+) Selfing a n~ test crossing to find the
( l) Law of codominance
(2) Law of dominance
progen y of both tall and dwarf pans. l t
(3) law of incomplete dominance
\\,11ich
•)
of the followinob ratio re~1e1s
. to b ack (4) law of independent assortment
cross .
90. Based on observations on monohybrid crosses
(I) Aa x aa (2) Aa x AA Mendel proposed two general rules . They are
(3) Aa x Aa (4) Both(l)&(2) (1) Law of Dominance and Law of
Mendel gave us Segregation.
( 1) Five principles of inheritance (2) Law of In Dominance and Law of
(2) Four principles of inheritance Segregation.
(3) Law of CoDominance and Law of
(3) Two principles of inheritance
Segregation.
(4) Three principles of inheritance
(4) Law of Independent assortment and Law
Mendel 's laws are valid for of Segregation.
( 1) Sexual reproduction 91. Select the correct statement with respect to law
(2) Asexual reproduction of Dominance
(3) Vegetative reproduction 1. Characters are controlled by discrete units
(4) All of the above called factors.
Mendel 's laws of inheritance can be explained 11. Factors occur in triplets.
111. In a dissimilar pair of factors one member
with the help of :
(2) Mitosis of the pair dominates (dominant) the other
(1) Meiosis
(4) None of the above (recessive).
(3) Both of these
(1) i is correct (2) ii is correct
-.,.,..,,,..,==--=,,....,,..==='=========• (3) i & iii are correct (4) ii & iii are correct
Law of Dominance

When Mendel crossed plants with a pair of

• 92. The law of dominance is applicable in
inheritance of
(1) Seed colour in pea
contrasting characters, he derived the
(2) Flower colour in Mirabilis jalapa
(1) Law of co-dominance
(3) Starch grain size in pea
(2) Law of dominance (4) Roan coat colour in catties
(3) Law of genes
(4) Law of incomplete dominance 93. Diploid cells have
( 1) Two chromosomes
When alleles of two contrasting characters
(2) Two sets of chromosomes
are present together and one of the cha~acter
(3) One set of chromosomes
expresses itself during the cross m a (4) Two pairs of homologous chromosom es
monohybrid cross while the other remains
hidden g ives the 94. If a plant is heterozygous for tallness is se lfed,
r I) Law of purity of gametes the 1=" , generation has both tall and dwarf plants.
f2) Law of segregation Th is proves the principle c,f :
 (I) Do1Hina111..·1..-
( 2 ) ltK o mpk ll.' 1..hHH i11:11 l1..' 1..'
1OO. T he law bas ed o n fac t tha t the characters do/\ I

s how a ny ble ndi ng and bot h the cha

( 3) ~q! .rq! ati1..,n ract ers.'
reco ve red as s uch in F2- gen e rati on 1

( 4) I ndq )1..'th.kn t :1ss urt tl l1..' tll alth o~-

o ne cha rac ter was abs ent in FI- pro gen
y, isut
9 5. r\11..· l:t w 1..)f s1..- ~ rq! ati1..rn ul'c liar ack (I) Law of pur ity of gam ete s
rs pos tula ted
b~ I\ kth .kl can be re late d to (2) Law of ind epe nde nt ass ortm ent
(I) gam ete 1·ecc iv in g onl y one or the
:\ (3) Law of inc om ple te dom ina nce
two hom o log o us chr om oso mes dur (4) Law of dom ina nce
ing I

mei osis 101 . The inh erit anc e o f flow er I

(~) The pre se nce of two gen es for eac col our in tr'
h _ _ _ _ _ is a goo d exa mp le to
cha rac ter in a som atic cell understan
inc om ple te dom ina nce
(-' ) Pre sen ce of bot h gen es on the sam
e (I) Do g flow er (2) Sna pdr ago n
clu· om oso me.
(3) Ant irrh inu m sp (4) All of them
( 4 ) No ne of the abo ve
102 . Wh at wil l be the rati o of offs prin
96. Me nde l's prin cip le of seg reg atio n is g in a cro
bas ed on bet wee en the red col our ed and whi
sep ara tion of alle les dur ing te colour
flow ers of Mir abi lis jala pa in F 1 gen
( 1) See d fon nat ion erat ion1
(1) Red :Pin k = 1: 1 (2) All red
(2) Pol lina tion
(3) All pin k (4) All whi te
( 3 ) Gam ete form atio n
( 4 ) Em bry oni c dev elo pm ent 103 . Inc om ple te dom ina nce
97. Me nde l ' s prin cip le of seg reg atio ( 1) Do min ant trai t is com pet el y exp
n mea ns tha t ressed ifi
the ger m cell s alw ays rece ive: F 1 gen era tion
( 1) On e of the pai red alle les (2) Phe not ypi c and gen oty pic rati o
are same
(2 ) On e pai r of alle les (3) onl y one dom ina nt alle le is nee
ded to
(3) On e qua rter of the gen es exp ress the com ple te dom ina nt trait
( 4 ) An y pai r of alle les ( 4) F 1 ind ivid ual s hav e the equ al trai
ts of
bot h par ent s
98. In ord er to exp lain the mo de of
inh erit anc e 104 . The phe not ypi c and gen oty pic
of cha rac ter thro ugh suc ces sive gen rati o in case o
era tion s
Me nde l pro pos ed tha t the two alte rna Inc om ple te dom ina nce wil l be
tive
fac tors for eac h cha rac ter bec om e sep (1) 1:2 :2 (2) 1:2: 1
ara ted
dur ing the form atio n of gam etes and (3) 1:3 (4) 3:1
eac h
fac tor has an equ al cha nce of bei ng 105 . Sel ect the stat em ent wh ich is not
tran sfer red fals e.
th e offs prin gs . Thi s phe nom eno n is
kno wn as : A. The nor mal alle le pro duc es
( 1) Prin cip l e of seg reg atio n
nor mal enz ym e tha t is nee ded for
(2) Prin ci pl e of ind epe nde nt ass ortm t
ent tran sfo rma tion of a sub stra te S
(3) Prin cip le o f inco mpl e te dom ina
nce B . The mo difi ed alle le pro duc es
( 4) No ne of th e abo ve no enlY
at all , at all tim es
99. Wh ich stat eme nt is tru e for Law of Seg ( 1) On ly A
reg atio n (2) On ly B
(1) Cha rac ters are con trol led by di (3) Bot h A & B
sc re te uni ts ( 4 ) B oth are false
call ed fact ors
106 . The oret ical _ly the mo difi ed
(2) Fac tors or alle les of a pai r segreg alle l e could
ate from resp ons ible for pro duc tion of ~
eac h oth er suc h tha t a gam ete rec eiv
es (1) The non nal/ less effi cien t e nzy
o nly one of the two fact ors me
(3) Me nde l cro sse d the tall pla nt from (2) A non -fun ctio nal enz ym e
F2 w ith (3) No enz ym e at all
a dwa rf plan t. Thi s he call ed a test cro
ss . ( 4 ) All of th e abo ve
( 4 ) Hyb rids con tair alle les wit h con
tras ting
tr aitc;;:
thP u 11\'7 T
 Pri ncipl es of I nhcr itanc e & Varia tion (m
•I.
No cn;.,y111e :it :di 114 . In in c o mpl e te d o min <.1ncc w h a t i s the co
lou r o f
[1. The 1wrn1:1l less ctli1..· ic11t '-' ll /. V lll c , .. , genera tion no w ~- ~
C. A 1w11- li.1n c tiu 11 :1 l L'll / )' ni c ·

On l~ (a) is L' lHTcc t

1

~
I' g1..: n cr..il i on ~
(:1) and (c) :ire correc t
( b) :mJ ( c) arc correc t Red (RH) White (rr)
Only (c) is coITec t i i
108 . The unmod_ificJ allele, repres
e nts th e origina l
phenot ype 1s the _ _ alle le and the modifi ed
( i :-i m c l cs
®----i___Jsl
3 1kk is genera ll y th e ___
_ all e le

~
( 1) Recess ive, recess ive
F, ge nera tion
(.2) Recess ive, domin ant
(3) Domin ant, recess ive
(4) Domin ant, domin ant (1) Red (Rr) (2) White (Rr)
(3) Pink (Rr) (4) Red (RR)
109. 111 Incom plete domin ance the recess ive trait
is seen due to 115. When domin ant and recess ive alleles expres s
(1) Non-f unctio nal enzym e themse lves togeth er, it is called
(2) No enzym e is produ ced (1) Pseud odomi nance (2) Domin ance
(3) Both l& 2 (3) Co-do minan ce (4) Amph idomin ance
(4) None of them 116. The ABO blood groups are contro lled by
two Fl pink (1) I-gene (2) c-gene
ll O. The Mirab ilis jalapa when
(3) B-gen e ( 4) n-gene
fl owered plants were crosse d with each other,
the F2 genera tion produ ced 40 red, 80 pink 117. Out of the three alleles of gene I, the sugar
and 40 white flower ing plants . This is a case of polym ers on the plasm a memb rane of RBCc is
( I ) Lethal genes contro lled by how many alleles ?
(2) Duplic ate genes (1) 3 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4)0
(3) Epista sis
118. With respec t to Huma n blood group inheri tance
(4) Incom plete domin ance which of the follow ing senten ces are correc t?
11. F1 hybrid is interm ediate b~twe en the two ( 1) JAand 18 are codom inant
parents . The pheno menon 1s (2) IAand 18 are domin ant over i
( 1) Domin ance (3) It is an eg. of Multip le allelis m
(2) Codom inance (4) All of them
(3) Incom plete domin ance 119. Incom plete domin ance and co domin ance 1s
(4) Blend ing inheri tance s imila r in having identi ca l
!2. When a pink flower ed Snapd r~g~n plant_ is (I) Phe notypi c ratio (2) G e notypi c ratio
test crosse d, then pheno typic ratio 111 res ultm g (3) Both (I) a nd (2) (4) None of the above
progen ies is 120. How many pheno types and genoty pes are
(I) 1 Red : 1 White (2) 3 Red : I Whi~e poss ibl e incase of ABO blood group system ?
(3) 2 Pink : I White ( 4) 1 Pink : J White (I) 3, I (2) 6,4 (3) 4 , 6 (4) IO
3 . The F? genera tion offspr ing in a plant showi ng
121. Pheno typic and genoty pic ratio is s imi lar in
incom-plete domin ance, exhibit : _ .
case of
( l) Simila r pheno typic and genoty ptc ratios
( I ) Co- domin ance
of 1:2 : 1 (2) Incom plete dom inance
(2) A gen o typ ic ratio of 1: 1 (3 ) Pleiot ropy
. . __ " ,;"r,f 1 · 1
 D P.-i nd pk s of I nh l•ri ta nc
l' & Var ia tio n

122 . \\ hr11 tlw rr .Ill ' 11iu

1 1.· th :111 tw o :d kk s
1.' t,nl 1\11 l111 ~ thl' ~ :1111
1.' 1.· h:1r:1r tc1. Th e re C. l'lc iot rop y R. Sic kle cell
:,re c: tl k d
\.. I) Pk l\,t h' I'~ an ae mi a
( 2) l\i ly: tlk lcs
1._, ) ~tu lti pk ·:1 lkk s - --- -- --- -···- -
(4 ) /\ ll ul' th csc -----
(I) A R , B - P , C- Q
l ! J. ln .\ B( ) sy ste m a pc
rso 11 ha s (2) A - Q , 8 - R, C - P
\.. l ) 2 alk ks
(2 ) J all ele s (3) A - P, B - R , C - Q
1._., ) ~ t ) alk ks
(4) Mu ltip le <.1llcl es (4) A - Q , B - P , C - R
L!4 . . \ nw thc r wi th blo od 130. W ha t will be po ssi ble
gro up B typ e has a child blo od gro up in children
\\ ith bkKKi typ e 0 . W hat from the pa ren ts wi th O an
is th e po ss ibi lity of d AB blo od group s?
the gcno tyv cs of that mothe (1) A, 0
r and father? (2) A, B
( l) 1.\18 (father) and 1n1
n (mother) (3) A , B, AB
(2) l"l <\ (father) and 113 1° (4) B , 0
(mother) 131. Co nsi de r the fol low
(3 ) l 8 I 0 (father) and 1Al 0 ing sta tem en ts regarding
(mother)
(4) l.,,1° (father) and 1131° AB O blo od gro up in hu ma
(mother) n.
I. It is co ntr oll ed by mu ltip
12 5. Inh eri tance of AB
O blood group system is an le alleles .
II. It sh ow s co do mi na nc e
ex am ple of
III. Pr ese nc e of fats on the
( 1) Pa rti al do mi na nc e su rfa ce of the RBC
(2) Epistasis W hic h of the fol low ing sta
(3) Multip le all eli sm tem en t(s ) giv en
(4) Dominance above are false ?
126. AB O blo od gro up (1) On ly I
is de ter mi ne d by thr ee (2) I an d II
differ en t alleles. Ho w ma ny (3) II an d III
genotypes and (4) III
ph en oty pe s are po ssi ble ?
13 2. ~n ga rde n pe a, sta rch
Ge no typ e is sy nth esi sed effectively
Phenotype m
(1) 6
4 ( 1) Hy bri d rou nd see de
(2) 3 d pla nts
1 (2) He ter oz yg ou s rou nd
(3) 4 see de d pla nts
6 (3) W rin kle d see de d pla nts
(4) 9
7 (4) Ho mo zy go us rou nd see
de d pla nts
12 7. AB O blo od gro up ing
in hu ma n be ing cites the 13 3. W hic h of the fol low ing
exam ple of op tio n (s) is/ are correct
for starch sy nth esi s in pe a
(1) Po lyg en ic inh eri tan see ds co ntr oll ed by
ce single ge ne wh ich ha s tw o
(2) Co -do mi nn an ce all eli c for m s B and \
b?
(3) Mu ltip le alleli sm (1) BB is rou nd see d wi th
(4) Both 2 and 3 large sta rch
sy nth esi s
128. Th e pro ba bil ity of ha (2) bb is wr ink led see d wi
vin g a child with blood th large sta rch
~o up Ot o pa ren ts with blo sy nth esi s
od gro up s A and B
IS (3) Bb is rou nd see d wi th
less sta rtc h synthesis \
(1) 1 ou t of 4 (4) Al lo fth ea bo ve
(2) 2 ou t of 4
(3) 4 ou t of 4 134. Sta rch sy nth esi s ge ne in pe a
(4) 3 ou t of 4
pla nt in 1

129. Ma tch the co lum ns I he ter oz yg ou s co nd itio n pro

an d II. du ce s starch grain
of int erm ed iat e siz e. Th is
I : ·· Column-I - [ Column-II ( 1) Co mp let e do mi na nc e
sh ow s

A. Inc om ple te P. AB O blo od

J (2) Inc om ple te do mi na nc
e
do mi na nc e (3) Co do mi na nc e
gro up (4) No ne of the ab ove
B. Co -do mi na nc e Q. 13 5. Sh ap e of a see d in
Sn ap dra go n Pi su m sat ivum tk pl·nd,
on sta rch gra nu les siz e:
 relations hip, w hik inherit ance o f -st·l" r,·li ·
'"' gram s 141. Phcnot ypic Ratio observed in d ihybrid cross is
show - - - - - - - (I) J: I (2) 1: 2:1
( I) Do n~ina nt recess ive; incom pkt e ( ] ) <) :7 (4) 9:3 :3 : 1
dom1nan cc
(2) Multip l e a ll c lism; codo minan cc 142. The cytolog ical event that corres ponds to
(3) Ple io tropy: codom inancc Mendel 's law of indepe ndent assortm ent is
see n 111 :
(..J.) Codom inance ; incom pkh: doniin ancc
(I) Metaph asc I (2) me ta.phas e I I
16• fi nd the incorr ect statem
ent (J) Anaph ase I ( 4) anapha se II
1. The starc h grai ns produc ed arc or
143. Mendel formul ated the laws of heredit y
int~rm ediate si z.e in bb seeds .
consid ering seven pairs of charac ters in the
11. Domin ance is an autono mous feature of a pea pJant. If he had studied an eighth pair, the
gen~ or the produc t that it has inform ation law which would have been altered is:
for
(l) Law of indepe ndent assortm ent
11 1. Starc h gra in si ze is consid ered as the
(2) Law of segreg ation
pheno type, then from this angle, the (3) Law of unit charac ter
3lleles show incom plete domin ance (4) Law of domin ance
(1) i and ii (2) i only
(4) iiandi ii 144. Which of the follow ing points further
(J) iandii i
strengt hened Mende lism ?
···•··········· ······· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · - - ~
(1) Law of indepe ndent assortm ent which
Inher itance of Two Gene was based on monoh ybrid cross
··•·•···································· ········ · · · · · · · · - - - - - •

(2) Incom plete domin ance gave a new way to

\7. Law of indepe ndent assort ment is always true Mende lism
or applic able if two genes are locate d on (3) Law of indepe ndent assortm ent which
( 1) Same chrom osome could be stated on the basis of segreg ation
(2) Differ ent chrom osome s of gamete s
(3) Same locus of differe nt chrom osome s (4) A charac ter contro lled by a pair of unit
(4) Differ ent locus of same chrom osome factors
38. Out of the four pheno types obtain ed in F 2 145. Hetero zygous tall and red flower ed pea plants
genera tion of dihybr id cross betwe en yellow are selfed and total 2000 seeds are collect ed.
round and green wrink led seeds of pea plant, What is the total numbe r of seeds for both
(1) All were parent al combi na~ion Hetero zygous traits?
(2) All were with recess ive trait (1) 500 (2) 250 (3) 750 (4) 1250
(3) All were new combi nation 146. Some charac ters did not assorti ndepen dently .
(4) Two were parent al and two were new Later researc hers found it to be due to
combi nation (1) Linkag e
t can be proved (2) Domin ance of one trnit over the other
39. Law of indepe ndent assort men
by (3) Crossi ng over
( 1) Back cross (2) Test cross . (4) Amito sis
(4) Mono hybnd cross
(3) Dihyb rid cross 147. Mende lian reco mbina tions arc due to:
·
40. The indepe ndent assort ment O f two Pa irs ( I) I ndepen dcnt assortm ent
of genes locate d on non-ho molog ou s (2 ) Mutati on
lt of the ranc.1om (3) Pleiotr ophy
chrom osome s, occur as a resu .
ori entatio n of chrom osome dunng: . . . (4) C rossing over
(1) Teloph ase of the first mei~ti c. dd1~1s.1~non 148. fn the cross Aa Bb X Aa Bb, what proporti.o n
fi t me10t1c IVISI
(2) Metap hase of the rs meioti c divisio n of gamete s are homoz ygous for both the traits
(3) Propha se o f the seco nd (1) 2/16 (2) 1/4 (3) 0/16 (4) 4/1 6
(4) The brief interph ase betwe en the two
meioti c d iv ision
 Pr in dp k s of. In I,c, ,·it '·u1cc & Va na
· f,o n

I 4 '>. I I. •1 1..· h;1r :1L' IL' r ,.:-.. u. 111 t "ii 1- I h ) . :-.i , :ilk k s ul' a
u . Co lum n-~ Co lum n- fl
''L'l ll' t lwn the ·1 I
t h1 :-. :-. 1 1 1..' ~ 1.., IH ll\ !K' S w u11ld he
::,-
( I) ,• 2~ l2l 21 l ~l I )
y .
. ·
(<l) (!Y
.,
;\ . Mo no hy bri d P. 3: 1 --
150 . In l' rLk r tl, t1 11d lHl t . l'L' t.Lll
tlt1..' l Iti , t l )' !KS·. ol' ph eno typ e
~;\1 1'1..' IL' S jll'l llhl l'L' d l )~ . .. ,hn
,I p1.. ,I I • t ha v111 g t 11e
; l'lll)t~ lK' . \ :1Hh . it s lw B. Mo no hy bri d Q. I :2:1 :2 :4: 2 :1:
u Id be crn ssc d to a pla nt
" ·i th t h e ~ 1..- 1H1t~ pc ge no typ e 2: 1
l Il .., .urn (2) a aB IJ C. Di hy bri d R. l :2: 1
l-~l aal ,b (4) i\ ;18 b ge no typ e
15 l. T l1t :ll 5 12
sccds arc col lec ted fro m the
\\'w Y\ ' , \ Vw Y v.
cro ss D. Mo no hy bri d s. 9 :3: 3:1
fi nd the nu mb er of pla nts
pro du~ cd " ·ith first do mi nan ph en oty pe
t and sec on d
rec ess in~ tra it.
(l) A - R, B - P, C - Q , D -S
( 1) 96 ( 2) 288 (3) 32 0 (4) 32 (2) A - Q ' B - R ' C -
152 . A hu man ma le pro du P, D - S
ces spe rm s wi th the (3) A - p, B - R' C - Q, D - S
gen oty pes AB , Ab , aB and ab ~ A -Q ,B -P ,C
per tai nin g to tw o - R ,D -S
d ial lelic cha rac ter s in equ al
pro po rtio ns. Wh at 15 7. Wh ich of the fol low
is th e co rre spo nd ing gen oty ing law s is universal!
pe of the per son ? acc ep ted ?
( 1) Aa Bb (2) Aa BB
( 3 ) AA.B B
( 1) La w of do mi na nc e
(4) AA.Bb (2) La w of seg reg ati on
15 3. T) -pe s of gam ete s for (3) La w of ind ep en de nt
me d by the pla nt wi th ass ort me nt
ge no typ e AA Bb ccD D wi ll (4) La w of co - do mi na nc
be e
(1) 16 (2) 4
(3) 2 (4) 8 15 8. Wh y is law of ind ep
15 4. Ho w ma n y gen eti cal en de nt ass ort me nt nc
ly dif fer ent gam ete s w ill un ive rsa lly ac ce pte d?
be pro du ced by a he ter oz yg ( 1) Du e to La w of do mi na
ou s pla nt nc e
hav ing the ge no typ e Aa Bb (2) Du e to La w of seg reg
Cc ? ati on
(1) 4 (2) 12 (3) 16 (3) Du e to Lin ka ge
(4) 8
155 . Co nsi der the fol low (4) Du e to La w of Inc om ple
ing fou r sta tem ent s (A ,B ,C, te do mi na nc e
an d D) an d sel ect the rig ht 15 9. W hy is law of do mi
op tio n for inc orr ect na nc e no t un ive rsa l!
sta tem en ts. ac ce pte d?
1. Me nd eli an exp
eri me nts had lar ge sam pli ng ( 1) Du e to co -do mi na nc e
siz e, wh ich ga ve gre ate r cre
dib ilit y to the (2) Du e to La w of Inc om
da ta tha t he co ll ect ed. pl ete do mi na nc e
(3) Du e to Lin ka ge
11. R ece ssi ve all e
le inf lue nce s the ap pe ara nc (4) Bo th 1 & 2
of ph en o-t yp e ev en in the pre e
sen ce of an
alt ern ati ve all ele . 160. Tr ait s co ntr oll ed by
thr ee or mo re ge ne s ar
iii. Mu ltip le all ele s can be cal led as
fou nd on ly ---
wh en po pu lat ion stu di es are (I) Co -do mi na nc e
ma d e. (2) Mu ltip le all eli sm
iv. In f 2 gen era tio n of Me nd (3) Pl e iot rop y
eli an ( 4) Po lyg en ic tra its
mo no hy bri d cro ss, the tall 161. Sk in co lou r inh eri tan
an d dw arf tra its ce in ma n is :
we re ide nti cal to the ir par
ent al typ e s an d (1) Ep ist asi s (2) Se x-l ink ed
sho we d ble nd ing .
(3) Mo no ge nic (4) Po lyg e ni c
Th e inc orr ect sta tem en ts are
(l) iii an d iv 16 2. W ha t co nc ep t do the
(2) i an d iii fol low ing se nte nce
(3) ii an d iii ex pla in?
( 4) ii an d iv
;6 . Ma tch the co lum ns I
1. Hu ma n he igh t is an eg . of
an d II. th is tra i t
11. Hu ma n ski n co lou r is
an ot he r cla ,..,,,
ex am ple for thi s
 Principles of In heritance & Variation ~I
ii i. ll takes
.
into .1 ,
,cco u11t th · l
environment c 1111 ucncc or ( 1) (:1) is
correct unly (2) (a), (b) correct
,,·. In th is trait th , .. (J) (b) is co rrect only (4) Both are wrong
. . ' C C 11CCI ) I' I
add 1t1ve l cac 1 :tlkk is
l<l7. Mc11ud 's result on inheritance of' characters
(I) Multiple allclis,n
were rcui scovcrcu by
(2 ) Ple iotropy
(I) de Vri es (2) Correns
(3) Po lygcnic inheritance
(3) Von Tshermak (4) Allofthese
(4) Codo minancc
Incase ofpo h,ac · . , ··t
168. I'~ 1900 A.O. three biologi sts independently
J b 111·,,
.... 1111 1c 11 ancc f k·
. the genotype with a I I the o s 111 co lour discovered Mendel's principles. They are
(AABBCC) will Irnve , (I) De Vries, Correns and Tschermak
the- -- _ . alleles
colom and that with all the skin (2) Correns, Punnet and Watson
(aabbcc) wi ll have the _ _ _ _ _alleles (3) · Sutton, Morgan and Correns
- - - skin colour. (4) Avery, McLeod and McCarty
( I) Recessive, darkest, dominant' lightest
(2 ) Dominant, darkest, recessive' lightest 169. The literal meaning of chromosome is
(3) Dominant, d ark est, dominant ' lightest (1) Genetic body (2) Coloured body
(4) Recessive, darkest, recessive' lightest (3) Replicating body (4) Thread-like body
170. Chromosomes were first seen by
Chromosomal
_ _ Theo~y ~ii~h;;ita nee
· ·-· ·-• (I) Flemming (2) Waldeyer
--- • (3) Strasburger (4) Hofmeister
Mendel published his work on inheritance of 171. Select the correct option
characters in A. Chromosomes -Divide and double
(1) 1856 (2) 1865 (3) 1866 (4) 1863 '
colored bodies, as they were visualised by
Mendel 's work remained unrecognised till staining.
B. By 1902, the chromosome movement
1900 because
during mitosis had been worked out
( 1) Mendel was unable to explain the concept
(I) A and B are correct
of variation with regards to factor and
(2) Only A is correct
unable to provide physical proof for
(3) Only Bis correct
existence of factors
(4) None of the above
(2) communication was not easy
(3) Application of maths to biology was not 172. Who observed that the behaviour of
accepted chromosomes at meiosis can serve as the
cellular basis of both segregation and
:4) All of them
independent assortment?
\1endel 's work remained unrecognised till ( 1) Morgan and Boveri
l 900 because (2) Sutton and Boveri
a) Mendel's approach of using mathematics (3) Boveri and Brauer
to explain biological phenomena was (4) W.Flemming
totally new and unacceptable to many of
173. One pair segregates independently of other
the biologists of his time
pair is always applicable for
b) Concept of genes ( or factors, in Mendel's
(I) Chromosome
words) as stable and discrete units that
(2) Gene
controlled the expression of traits and,
(3) Neither chromosome nor gene
o f the pair of alleles which did not 'blend'
(4) Both chromosome and gene
with each other, was not accepted by his
174. Match the columns I and II.
con tem po rar ies
 . . ~ v uriatio n
Prindpl l'\ of lnht'nf. :uu.:t {

17,,. Two allcrnativc fo rms of a gene do

. . . n\Jl
l ohmrn I ( •0 11 111 111 -l I with cm.: h ot I1cr an d main tain its disc .,
. ~~
it is cx pl ain cd by 1,
\ I 111.k1'l'll lklll I'. ( ;l' ll l'
(I) Law of dominance
I'·"'" , ,·1•1 q ~.lll' (2) Lawofsegregation
11 11. k 1' l'lhklllh
l' r l-. 1l ' 11 , ,, 11 l', (3) Law of independent assortment
() .
(4) Unit of hypothesis
H p:m
l )111..' ~cp:iral ioll of
,q!rq1,:11cd 1iu111ologous t 77. The ph enom enon of exchange of se
1111.kpcndc11tl y ( hromosomc gtncr
between paternal and maternal chrorno
,,f :1111.,1hn pair .
1s called ~
·
\ 11:iphasc-l R. Chromosome ( l) Recombination
<.. '. (2) Linkage
\ 1) :\ R. U- P, C Q (4) Segregation (4) Crossing over
(2) A - Q. B- R. C- P
178. Name the scientist who argued that the Pai
C- Q
~.') A P. and separation of a pair of chromosornes w~
8- R.
t-n A- Q. 8- P, C- R .
lead to the segregation
f . ~
o a pair of factors ~
175. \\"h ich of the following statement for carried?
chromosomal theory of inheritance 1s (1) Boveri only
incorrect'?
(2) Sutton and Boveri
( 1) Pairing and separation of a pair of
(3) Boveri and Mendel
chromosomes would not lead to the
segregation of a factor they carried (4) Sutton only
(2) Behaviour of chromosomes is paral~el to 179. Sutton united the knowledge of chromoso
the behaviour of genes segregation with Mendelian principles and
(3) The two alleles of a gene pair are located called it the- - - - - - -
on homologous sites on homologous
(1) Nuclear theory of inheritance
chromosomes
(2) Nucleolar theory of inheritance
(4) Chromosomes as well as genes occur in
(3) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
pairs
(4) Sex chromosomal theory of inheritance
180. Which alphabet is represented correctly with its phase?
. B C D

--:;;::£,)tJ le::~ □= I
,~
,;;..,.,
A
c~:~\
C---
~~
1~:r~ o= I
l~I
(,,, (]r:J
~) H DD
"--}":) :
C=-=:JD ~00 ~ ~ OD
00
I
(I) D - Diploid ce ll s (2) C - Meiosis - [I (3) Mi tos is
181. Ex perimental ve rification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance was given by
(I) Sutton and Boveri (2) Correns (3) TH .Morga n (4) Mendel
182. Fruit flies are one of the best materials for genetic studies because of all , except
( l) Ability to grow on simple synthetic med iu ':1 in the laboratory
(2) Short life span

J
 Pr inc i ple s of In he ri ta nce & Va
ria ti on tim

(J) Pro duc tion or :1 lan!.c nun i i),l I. o 1• p r.ogc ny

~ ( I) Tri hy brid cro sses , sex - link ed
in eac h 111Jti11,,b (2) Mo no hy briu cros ses, sex -link ed
··l Ic and
sen ce 1Jf' fe w cxtc rn ·i• ll Y v1.s11 (3 ) Di hyb rid cro sses , sex - link ed
1-l)
' .Pre . .
1dc11t1h:ibk con tras tit1 g trai ts (4) Dih ybrid cros ses, autu som a l-lin ked
due to
187 . Me nde l was no t ab le to get any li nk age
isJ. The tiJlltn,·i ng li g urc re pre sents
th e
Po~si'b m,,.- 1f (I ) La w of do min anc e
i\ 1c i u,i" I ilrl;tpha-,e (2) Law of uni t cha ract er
(3) La w of inde pen den t asso rtm ent
(4) None of thes e

188. Sele ct the app rop riate opt ion

loca ted
a. Mo rga n kne w that the gen es wer e
on the Y chr omo som e
whi te-
b. Mo rga n hyb ridi sed yell ow- bod ied,
red -ey ed
eye d fem ales to bro wn- bod ied,
gen y.
mal es and inte rcro ssed thei r FI pro
(1) Onl y a is cor rect
(2) Onl y b is cor rect
(3) a and b is cor rect
(4) Non e of them is cor rect
rAfj t~A.
« » I >_ 189. Wh o coin ed the term Lin kag e
Rec omb inat ion ?
and

bl ;, lb ~ (1) Stu rtev ant (2) Mo rga n

(4) Bov eri
(3) Sut ton
(I) Onl y spe rma tog ene sis 190. Lin kag e mea ns
(2) Ind epe nde nt ass ortment (I) Che mic al asso ciat ion of gen es
on a
(3) Lin kag e chr omo som e
Sex det erm ina tion es on a
(4) (2) Bio che mic al asso ciat ion of gen
of Dro soph ila chr omo som e
184. What is the chr om oso me num ber es on a
? (3) Phy siol ogi cal asso ciat ion of gen
(3) 4 (4) 12 chr omo som e
(]) 16 (2) 8 on a
nts a pro ces s ( 4) Phy sica l asso ciat ion of gen es
185. The foll owi ng figu re rep rese chr omo som e
occurrin g dur ing pha se? d to des crib e
191. " Rec omb inat ion " thi s term is use
bin atio ns
( 1) Gen erat ion of par enta l ge ne com
-pa ren tal
(2) Gen erat ion of pa rent al and non
ge ne com bin atio ns
e
(3) Gen erat ion of non -pa ren tal gen
com bin atio ns
(4) Non e of them
nt
( 1) Ana pha se - I 192. Sel ect the inap pro pria te stat eme
es did
(2) Zyg ote ne of Pro pha se - I A. Mo rga n obs erv ed that the two gen
h oth er
(3) Pac hyt ene of pro pha se - I not seg reg ate ind epe nde ntly of eac
ed ver y
(4) Ana pha se - II and the F2 rati o did not de viat
18 6. Mo rgan carr ied ou t sev eral _ _ _ _ m sign ific antl y from the 9:3 :3: I
ere _ _
Dro sop hila to stud y gen es that w
 J

Pr-i nc ip ks of I nh cn. tan c. , ~ Va ria tio n

c ci

H. \\ hl'l l . l\1'11wh y llri d

•
197 . 1: ind out the inc rrc ct se nte nce :
thl· (\\ \l ~: l ' 11l': - I ll o
Sutton an d Bo veri arg ued tha t the pa1nno1
,I
'-·1 ,1:-s \\ l't1..· :-. 1tu.11L·d o a. .·
11 th e :,.; 1111 c ~
'-·l11, 111 111:-,11 111..·. thL· p101H1rt11· 1 •ind sc par a t 1·on of a pai r of chr om oso me
11 11 r 11'1r
•
c 111 ••i1
1·\
~ 1..' I H.' 1.' 111\1 l'111 :1( 1111
1s \\ l . IC
. . 111 uc h ~o u ld lea d to the seg reg ati on

l
hi g he r tl w11 of a pai r G\
th1..· 111H1 -p:1r1..·11t a l ty pe
fac tor s the y car rie d.
~l) \ t-2) n (J) A& U Th eod o re Su tto n and Wa lte r .
(4) No ne Bo ve n noteq
b.
I 'lJ . In .1 dtl l\ bri d tes t crn ss.
if the pa re nta l typ es
tha t th e beh av iou r of c h ror
no som es was
1..· , 1..·1..-cd ~he- n .-co111bina ti o n
types am ong th e par all e l to the beh avi ou r of
gen es and\
res ult ant p rn g cn y. it is due .use d chr om oso me mo ve
to me nt to explain\
1._ 1) Cn mp kt c lin kag e Me nd el' s law s
t~) Li nk. 3gc c. Mo rga n fou nd tha t the gen 1

es for col our of'

(3) Cro ssing-ove r the bo dy and co lou r of the eye
we re very
( 4) lnd epe nen t ass ort me nt tig htl y lin ked and sho we d
on ly 1.3 per
I 94. In the followi ng figure cen t rec om bin ati on
in cross A, wh at are
cha rac ter s dep lic ate d (1) a (2) a,b (3) b ,c

I·-
(4) b
f~ 198 . Lin kag e red uce s the fre
v· ,v· · v' w qu enc y of
GE :XE RA TIO N < Ill • (1) Al l par ent al typ es
I):) t):)
(- cw ::w==: =Q :)
y -
w <:O y \,\,' (2) Hy bri ds
\\IL D n rPE Wl-l!TE (3) He ter ozy go us rec ess ive
pa ren ts
y \ 'V V w· (4) Ho mo zyg ou s rec ess ive
I Ml - ,:o , ... ():J par ent s
I, ; ;:t,
, __ t:)':)
199 . A fru itfl y has tw o gen es
Yw for ey e col ou r, bu t eac h
YEL LO\ \'', WHITE YELLOW of its spe rm cel l has on ly on
e. Th is illu stra tes
( I) Co lou r of the bo dy, col our ( 1) Ind epe nd ent ass ort me nt
of the eye (2) Lin ked gen es
(2) Co lou r of the bo dy, siz e
of the wi ng s (3) Ple iot rop y
(3) Co lou r of the eye , siz e of
the win gs (4) Se gre gat ion
(4) Co lou r of the bod y, col ou
r of the wi ng s
• 200. Ge ner ati on of no n-p are nta
195 . Mo rga n fou nd tha t the gen l ge ne com bin ati ons
es wh ite and yel low is ter me d as
we re _ __ _ and sho we (1) Lin kag e
d on ly
rec om bin ati on (2) Po lyp loi dy
(3) Re com bin ati on
(]) Ve ry loo sely lin ked , 98. 7 ( 4) An ep loi dy
per cen t 201. Lin kag e gro up s in dro sop
(2) Very tig htl y lin ked , 1.3 per hil a is
cen t (l) 20 (2) 4
(3) Very loo se ly linked , l.3 (3) 10 ( 4) 5
per cen t
(4) Very tig htl y linked, 98. 7 202. Lin kag e gro up s in ma le
per cen t hu ma n 1s
(l) 20 (2) 4 (3) 24
196. Fin d the cor rec t op tio n (4) 5
with res pec t to Mo rga ns
exp eri me nts on Dr oso ph ila ? 203. In Mo rga ns ex pe rim en ts
,do mi na nt wi ld type
( l) Ge nes wh ite and yel low a lle les are rep res en ted wi th
- I .3 per ce nt ( I) Sm all let ter
rec om bin ati on
(2) (+) s ign in sub scr i pt
(2) Wh ite and mi nia tur e win
g- 37 .2 per cen t (3) (+) sig n in sup ers cri pt
rec om bin ati on
(4) Ca pit al let ter
(3) Ge nes wh ite and yel low
- 37 .2 pe r cen t 20 4. Sta te the per cen tag e(%
rec om bin ati on ) of rec om bin an ts 1n
(4) Bo th 1 &2 cro ss A & cro ss B .
I

Pr inci ples of Inh e rita nce & Var iation

•\ h '
I \ I I ,, '
I I
(
,, I I\ II ' I I" I' I ', I ', I
'I ,, ,

-,
'1 l 1
t., ,,..: '\' ' I', I•, I

\ \\
\ \\ ',\ 11 1
I • • -----i IJ ra- .-r.F1
<
c; :,
\\ . , ' I'\ ' I 11 111 11
4C
7 7
',\ II I) I 'i i' I.
\ \\

. •• o· '·"
cw- rn
--=cn
>
'\ l l Ir)\\ . \\ I ll!! >
1\ HI f'L. Mt NIA l URJ;
1
WfJJ'lf:

ti) 37.2° 0 ,, l. 3% . (2) 1.3%, 37.2% (3)1.3%,98 .7% (4) 37.2%, 62.8%
105. ln Morga n s _ex pern~ent, white and yellow (1) A, B, C (2) B, A, C
ge_n~s were ~•nked tightly, while white and (3) A, C, B (4) B, C,A
mm1ature wmg were loosely linked. The
percent recombination shown by these genes 211. Today genetic maps are extensively used as
were a starting point in the sequencing of- whole
(l) 25% and 75 % respectively genomes in _ _ __ _
(2) 1.3% and 37 .2% respectively (1) Human Genome Process
(3) 98 .7% and 62. 8%, respectively (2) Human Genetics Project
(4) 37.2% and 1.3, respectively (3) Human Nuclear Project
(4) Human Genome Project
206. Who gave the concept of gene mapping?
(1) Morgan 212. Match the columns I and II.
(2) Alfred Sturtevant
(3) Anton Von Sturtevant
Column-I Column-II 7
(4) Albert Sturtevant A. Chromosomal P. Morgan
basis of
207. Chromosome maps were first constructed by
inheritance
(1) Morgan (2) Sulton and Boveri
(3) Hugo de vries (4) Sturtevant
B. Experiments Q. Sutton
208. The distance between two genes in a on Pisum
chromosome is measured in cross over units
which represent C. Experiments R. Mendel
( 1) Percentage of crossing over between them on Drosophils
(2) Number of crossing over between them
D. Gene S. Sturtevant
(3) Ratio of crossing over between them
(4) None of these mapping
209. Distance between the genes and percentage of (1) A - R, B - P , C - Q , D - S
recombination shows (2) A - Q, 8 - R , C - P, D - S
(1) A direct relationship (3) A - P , B - R , C - Q, D - S
(2) An inverse relati J nship (4) A - Q, 8 - P , C - R, D - S
(3) A parallel relationship
(4) No relationship 2 lJ. Which statements among the following
210, The map distance between genes A and B is 3 describe Mendels contributions and work ?
( 1) Mendel published his work on inheri tance
units between B and C is 10 units and between
of characters in 1865
C and A is 7 units. The order of the genes in a
(2) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
linkage map constructed on the above data will
possibly be contained Mendelian principles
 6] P rin cip les of Inh erit anc e & Var iati on

(J) (irl'!,!.Or l\h: 11d1.: I. n mdu c kd li y h1idi satio1

1 218 . If Me nd e l had a n idea of link age ,then Whi,
e '\ p...:ri1 11c 11 1s pn );!:lrd e n p eas for scvc
11 o f the follo wing laws , he wou ld not have b\\
~,car s ( I 1'.:'i(1- I 1'(1J) ab le to exp la in ?
( •n ·\ II :ire \.'1.ltT1...T t (I) Law of indo min a nce
2 14. \\'h 1l·h ot'th e ti.,lln\\'i11 g is true abo (2) Law of inde pend ent asso rtm ent
ut link age?
I. l\hn·g:111 coi ned the term link age (3) Law of segr egat ion
11. \ 'cry tight l y linke d gene s show ed (4) La w of puri ty of gam etes
low
rl'co n 1bination 219. Gen etic map s are bene ficia l as they were
111. A lfrcd Stwt cYa nt ga ve the conc e pt of
(1) Exte nsiv ely used as a start ing poin t in
gene map ping tb1
sequ enci ng of who le geno mes
1\'. lt is a phe nom enon whi ch rules out
(2) It help s to mea sure the dista nce betw een
the w1iv ersa lity of law of inde pend ent
asso rtm ent gene s
Cho ose the coITcct opti on. (3) -Map ping the posi tion of gene s on
(I) O nly f chro mos ome s
(2) Only II
(3) I and III ( 4) All the abov e
(4) All
,J
21 5 . How man y of the follo wing sent ence 220. Occ asio nall y a sing le gene may expr ess
s are not more
true with rega rds to Mor gan ? than on effe ct this is
(I) He carr ied out seve ral dihy brid cros ses (1) Poly gene tic inhe ritan ce
in (2) Plei otro py
Dro soph ila
(2) He coin ed the term link age (3) Mul tiple allel es
(3 ) Mor gan coin ed term reco mbi natio n ( 4) Co - dom inan ce
( 4 ) Men del carr ied out dihy brid cros ses 221. Plei otro pic gene
on
Pisu m ( 1) One gene regu lates man y phen otyp ic
216. Match the colu mns I and II. char acte rs
I Col umn -I
(2) One gene one char acte r
T Colu mn- II (3) Mul tiple allel ism
A. Law of (4) Poly geni c inhe ritan ce
P. Puri ty of
segr egat ion gam etes 222. Wha t conc ept do the follo wing
sent ences
expl ain?
B. Dih ybri d test Q. Mor gan 1. The effe ct of the gene is on meta bolic
cros s
path way s whi ch cont ribu te towards
diffe rent phen otyp es
C. Dihy brid R. Men del 11. Phen ylke tonu ria and sick le cell anaemia
cros s fruit fly
are egs. of this type of inhe ritan ce
iii . Star ch synt hesi s in pea seed
D. Re-d isco very S. de Vrie s s is also an eg.
(1) Poly gene tic inhe rita nce
of Mde ndel 's
(2) Plei otro py
work
(3) Mul tiple allel es
(1) A- R, 8 - P, (4) Co - dom inan ce
C- Q, O- S
(2) A- Q, 8 - R, C- P, D- S •
(3)
(4)
A -
A-
P,
Q,
B-
B-
R,
P,
C-
C-
Q,
R,
D-
D-
S
S • Sex Det erm inat ion

223. The initi al clue abou t the gene tic/c hrom

•
217. The dista nce betw een the gene s is osomal
mea s ured mec hani sm of sex dete rmin atio n can be trace
by d
( 1) Cen time tres back to som e of the expe rime nts carri ed o
(2) Map unit ut in
(3) Dob son unit (1) Bird s (2) Hum an s
(4) Mill imet re
(3) Fish es ( 4) Inse cts
 P ri n ci p le s of In h e
i , , .... Nam
e t l1e
sc ie nt i s t w ho tra
ri ta nc e & V ar ia ti on
g
.,
1 .
)t -- nul: ka r st ru c tu re
al l ti ._
in a fe w in se c ts' ! )r ou g h s <.: 1.:t, . '' s p1.:c 1li c
· 111.: , ni at n µ_c rn.: s is 23 2 . In D ro so ph ila
, th e se x is de te rm in
( I ) lk n k in g ( \l) (I ) X an d Y ch ro ed by
~\ ) , --i ) m os om es
(3 ) l kn ki n g ll ~ ,- l k1 1k i n g ( I X9 1) ( 2 ) O nly by X ch
. I 9) '4 ) ro m os om es
,,i:; So~- lm kc d c h ar a c te r--· .,'
-- · ' ~
1k nk in g ( l 9 1X) (3 ) O nl y by Y ch
ro m os om e
., , (4 ) W h et he r th e
( I) Re ce ss i v e ·' ' 1 '- ll S\l a
11y eg g is fe rtiliz ed
• .
( 2) N o n - m 23 3 . In hu m an s c hr
(~) D om 111 a nt h c r itc d om os om al co ndi tio n
(4 ) Le th a l of m ale is
( I ) 44 AA + X X
,., 6. Th e co 1H:ept of (2 ) 44 AA + XO
- - se x- l in k ed in l..,c .- (3 ) 44 A A + X V
in trn d uc ed hy '? ' 11 1a nc c w as (4 ) 44 A A + X X Y
\ l ) T H M or ga n - 23 4. A fa m ily of fiv
(2 ) 1-1 e da ug hters on ly is ex
-i u go de Vr s ix th iss ue . Th e ch an pe ct in g
(3) G Po nt cc am o i es ce of its be in g so n is
(4 ) B o th ( ) an d (1 (1 ) Ze ro (2 ) 50 %
2 ) (3 ) 25 %
-i; 7. Du
. e to th e inv. ol ve (4 ) 10 0%
m the de te n11m at io . m en t of th e
-c hr x 23 5. Th e ba rr bo dy
is ob se rv ed in
n of se x it w as dom os om e ( 1) N eu tro ph i ls of
to be th e _ __ , .
es 1g d m al es
_ , an d th e re na te (2 ) N eu tro phils of
thec hr o m os om e s w st of fe m al es
er e
( l ) A ut os om es· ,s ex na m ed as (3 ) Eo si no ph ils
ch ro m os om_e_ _ _ ( 4) Ba so ph ils of m
(2 ) Se x ch ro m os om _ al es
e, au to so m es 23 6. In th e fo llo w in
( 3) Bo th ar e co rr g id en tif y A , B, C ,
ec t D co rre ct ly
(4 ) N on e ar e co rr w.r.t. D ro so ph ila
ec t
228. G ra ss ho pp er is C
an ex am pl e of X O A
de te rm in at io n in w ty pe of se x B
hi ch the m a le s hav D

i~ ~
( 1) O ne X ch ro m e
os om e
(2) O ne Y ch ro m
(3) Tw o X ch ro m os
(4) N o X ch ro m os
os om e
om e
om e
ij ~
229. Sex- de te rm in (1 ) A -X X , B - m al e,
at io n is co nt ro lle d b y .. C - fe m al e, D -X Y
the re m ai ni ng ch ro ..A .. ..an d (2 )
m os om es w hi ch A -X Y , B - m al e,
ar e no t C - fe m al e , D -X X
in vo lv ed in se x- de te (3 ) A -X Y , B - fe m al
rm in at io n ar e .. .. .B e , C - m al e, D - X
(1 ) A llo so m es ..... (4 ) A -X X , B - fe m al e X
A ut os om es , C - m al e, D - X Y
(2) Se x- ch ro m os 23 7. M al e he te ro ga m et y
om es A ut os om es is se en in
(3 ) Se x- ch ro m os (1 ) H um an s
om es A llo so m es (2 ) D ro so ph ila
(4 ) Bo th 1 an d 2 (3 ) G ra ss ho pp er
(4) Al l of th em
230. XO ty pe of 23 8. In w hi ch of th e se x de
se x de te rm in at io n te rm in at io n bo th m al
(1 ) M a n is se en in e an d
fe m al e ha ve sa m e nu
(2 ) D ro so ph ila m be r of ch ro m os om
(3) Bi rd s ( 1) X O ty pe es ?
( 4 ) G ra ss ho pp er (2 ) ZO ty pe
23 1. In XO ty (3 ) X Y ty pe
pe o f se x d et e rm in (4 ) Bo th \ & 3
(1) Fe m al es pr od uc a tio n . 23 9. H et er og am et y is se e
e tw o di ff er e n t ty pe n in
s of ( \) M a le fru it fl y, m
ga m et es al e hu m an s
(2) M ale pr od uc e (2 ) M ale bu tte rfl y
tw o di ff e re nt ty pe s 0 f (3 ) fe m al e hu m an
ga m et es an d m al e hu m an
(3 ) Fe m a le s pr od . y (4 ) M al e bi rd s
uc e ga m et e s w i th
ch ro m os om e 24 0. W h ic h of th e fo llo w
in g sta te m en t is in co
(4 ) M ales pr od uc e ( l ) X -b od y of H en rrect>
ga m et es w it ·h Y .kin g w as g iv en th e
X -c hr om os om es na m t:
ch ro m os om e
 V·1 ri a t-ion
Prin dp k s of · 1II I •r if ·1ncc & ~
H '

( I ) Qu ee n or work er, dron e

( 2 ) O nl y quee n , dron e
( 3 ) Dron e ' quee n or work er
(4 ) Only work er, dron e

247 _ Hapl odipl o id sex-d eterm inati on syste m is ~t

111 _ __
..!-' t. lthl l\ ,du:ils li; I\ in t! (2) Bird s
( 1) Gras s hopp er
· hl\)11 1\)Sl)l llt'S p1\Hll ll'L'
~I ) T\, l) diflt.'rcnt I_\ p1.'S ' 1 ,- ga nH: tc (3) Hone y bees (4) Hum ans
l ~) O ne •~vc
1.1f g:1111ctcs 248. In hone y bees , fema les are (i) and have
l -' ) On!)· S conta i11i 11g gam etes
chro moso mes and male s are (iii) and haver
( 4 ) T,H) game tes
chro moso mes.
..! ..i.:!. Fem ale heterngame ty is seen m . (I) i-Hap loid, iii- diplo id
( 1) Hu mans (2) D~·osophtla
(2) i- diplo id , iii- hapl oid
( 3) Grass hopper (4) Birds
(3) ii- 32, iv - 16
..!-13. \\ l iich of the following is incor rect regar ding
(4) Both 2 & 3
ZW-Z Z type of sex deten ninat ion?
( 1) Iroccurs in birds 249. In hone y bee male s prod uce sperm s by
(2) Females are heter ogam etic and male s are and fema les prod uce eggs by
bomogametic (1) Meio sis ,Mei osis (2) Meio sis , mitos·
(3) 1: 1 sex ration is produ ced in the offsp rings
(3) mito sis , Meio sis ( 4) mito sis, mitosis
(4 ) None of these
250. The unfe rtilis ed eggs in hone ybee s deve
244. A medical techn ician while obser ving a huma
n into
blood smea r unde r the micro scope notes the
presence ofba rr body close to the nucle ar (1) Work er (2) Quee n
membrane in the WBC . This indic ates that (3) Male s (4) 1 and 3
person under inves tigati on is 251. Choo se the inco rrect pair with respe ct to
(1) Normal fema le (2) Colo urbli nd deter mina tion in diffe rent orga nism s.
(3) Haem ophil ic (4) Norm al male
(I) Gras shop per = XX- XY type
245. What conce pt do the follo wing sente nces
(2) Hone y bee Hapl o-dip loid type
explain?
(3) Dros ophi la = XX- XY type
1. Durin g sperm atoge nesis , two types of
(4) Hum an = XX- XY type
game tes are produ ced. 50 per cent of the
sperm produ ced carry the X-ch romo some 252. Reco gnise the
figur e find out the co
and th e rest 50 per cent has Y-ch romo some . matc hing .
1 p
1. F~ma les, produ ce only one type of ovum
with an X-chrom osom e Q

~~
111. Gene tic make up of th e sperm deter

~
min es 2
the sex of the chi Id
(1 ) Sex Determ!na t!on in Gras shop per
(2) Sex Determmat1on in Hon ey bees
(3) Sex Deter mina tion in Birds
(4) Sex Deten ninat ion in Hum ans (]) P = ww
(2) Q = ZW
246. An offs · ~ P = XY
pnng orme d from. the union f (3) Q = XX
spenn and an • . , o a P = zz
an unfert1·1· degg_~c:vei .
Ops as a
_ _ __ , and (4) P = zw
Q = ZW
b ise e!! •• ,,..,,,el
..,~. '"'"' ops as a Q = ZZ
y means of partheriog enesis. - - --- 2 53. Iden ti fy the ·
inc orre c t statc men r fc' r ,n·
deter mi natio n ; n
 Principles of Inh eritance & Variation ~

,, I) 1,lumuns conta in 22 i1·,i' rs, '' >I' ,,u

. t oson,cs
, ; ) 1-'cmalcs produce onl y 011 , t , , Column - I Column-II
, . c y pc o 1 ovum \;
, 3) Genet 1c makeup or s 11crn, I t ·
, · t c c nn111c th e
sc:x of the c hild !\ . I lap lo-dip loid P. Female
system heterogamety
,4) In males, one type ofg·im e tc ,, 1•
\ ' u e proc1llC Cl.1

~ . Identity the wr~ng s tatement B. ZW - ZZ Q. Mal e

24 method heterogamety
(I) ln domes ticated fow ls the sex of the
prog~ny depends on the type of sperm C. XX - XY R. Apis
that fertili zes the egg method
(2) The human males have one of their sex
D. XX-XO S. Locust
chromosomes much shorter than the other
method
t3) Usually female birds produce two types
of gametes based on sex chromosomes (1) A - R, B - P, C - Q, D - S
(4) ln male grasshoppers 50% of the sperms (2) A - Q , B - R , C - P, D-S
have no sex chromosomes (3) A-P, B-R C - Q D-S
' '
(4) A-Q , B-P , C - R , D-S
255. Which of the following male animals is NOT
heterogametic? • Mutation •
Animal Chromosome
complement
• ...... . .. •-······-·······-

259. Mutation is a phenomenon which results in

•
(1) Fowl 2n = 14 + ZZ alteration of DNA sequences and consequently
(2) Fruit fly 2n= 6+XY results in changes in the
(3) Human 2n=44+XY ( 1) Only genotype
(4) Grasshopper 2n= 16+XO (2) Only Phenotype
(3) Affects genotype sometimes but
256. Consider the following statements.
phenotype is never affected
L Henking found specific nuclear structures (4) genotype and the phenotype
through spermatogenesis in the 50% sperms
260. A mutation is a
of few insects.
( 1) Change in phenotype followed by a
IL Grasshopper is an example of YO type of
change in genotype.
sex determination (2) Sudden temporary change in an
Select the correct option organism's genetic material.
( 1) Both I and II are true (3) Change in genotype which may result in
(2) I is true, II is false a new expression of a characteristic.
(3) Both I and II are false (4) Change in hereditary material never
(4) I is false, II is true directed by a changing environment..
257. Choose the incorrect pairing among the 261. Which of the folowing phenomena leads to
following. variation in DNA?
( l) Sutton and Boveri - Mutation ( l ) Linkage, mutation
(2) Walter and Boveri _ Behaviour of (2) Recombination, linkage
chromosome (3) Mutation, recombination
during cell divi sion (4) Aneuploidy, linkage
(3) TH Morgan - Linkage 262. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of a segment of DNA ,
(4) Henking - X-body result in alteration in chromosomes
258 · Match the columns I and II to w.r. t. Sex ( 1) Deletions or insertion/duplicati on
(2) Only deletions
determination
 Mutations are ra nd om
( .~) On l y insL'1tion (4) ev en ts and can \
t-n O nl y du pl ic: 1tilH l •,n an
ha pp en y ce ll at an y tim e.
.!6J. A bs e nc e o r e xc
es s nr :t Irn o1.111 .1. t -11 ..--111" cm c nl o I
• • c-,
on e 1..1r llH)rc d1 rlll lH
t 1) \"\)int 11n1tat 10 11
(2 ) C hl\lt1WSlll l\:1
lSl11111.' s re s ult s in

\ lfo;or dc rs
•
27 0 . Pe di gree an al ys is is th e st ud y of pa rti cu
t 3) l\ k nd d i:111 di sl lar
m kr s tra its in
( 4) G l'l le m ut at ilH ( 1) A se ve ra l ge ne ra
l tio n
16-t. Ch ro m os om al ( 2 ) Tw o ge ne ra tio
~,b c1Ta li o 11 s ar c
co m m on ly n on ly
l)b sc rn xi in (3 ) Tw o sp ec ie s
( \) Stom ac h ce ll s (2 ) Hea lthy ce lls (4 ) Tw o fa m ili es
(J ) Ca nc er ce lls (4 ) Nm m al ce lls
27 1. Pe di gr ee ch ar t is us ed to id en tif
26 5. Sick le ce ll- an ae ( 1) G en et ic dr ift y: . .
m ia di sord er arises du (2
( l) Du pl ic at io n of a e to ) Ge ne t~c divers ity
se gm en t of D N A (3 ) G en et ic di se as es
( 2 ) Su bs tit utio n in ( 4) G en et ic mutation
a single ba se of D N A 27 2.
(3 ) De le ct io n of Se le ct th e co rr ec t st at em
a se gm en t of D N A en t w ith respect b
(4 ) Du pl ic at io n in
ba se pa ir of D N A pe di gr ee an al ys is
2 66 . \\Th at ar e th e ch em 1. Co nt ro l cr os se s ca n
ic al an d ph ys ic al factor be pe rf or m ed in pe;
in du ce m ut atio ns ca lle s th at pl an t or so m e ot he r
d? or ga ni sm s,
( 1) M ut ag en s 11. Co nt ro l cr os se s ar e no
(2 ) On co ge ns t po ss ib le in case o
(3 ) M ut an ts hu m an be in gs .
(4 ) M ito ge ns 111. St ud y
26 7. Select th e op tio of th e fa m ily hi
n w hi ch is co rre ct st or y abou
in he rit an ce of a pa rti
A . M ut at io n ar ise cu la r tra it provide
du e to ch an ge in a sin an al te rn at iv e .
ba se pa ir of D N A . gl e
B. D elet io ns an d
1v. Th e in he rit an ce
in se rti on s of ba se pa of a pa rti cu la r trait
irs of re pr es en te ii
D N A , ca us es fra m e- sh d in th e fa m ily ga
ift m ut at io ns ge ne ra tio ns . rd en ov e1
C. U V ra di at io ns
ca us e m ut at io ns in (1 ) A ll ar e co rr ec t ex
or ga m sm s . ce pt i
( l ) O nl y A is co rre (2) A ll ar e co rr ec t ex
ct ce pt ii
(2 ) O nl y B ,C is co (3) A ll ar e co rr ec t ex
rre ct ce pt iii
(3 ) O nl y A , C is co rre (4) A ll ar e co rr ec t ex
ct ce pt iv
( 4) A lI ar e co rre ct
27 3. Th e si gn ~ in pe
26 8. H ar m ful m ut at io di gr ee in di ca te s
ns do es no t ge t el im in (1 ) Tw in s
from ge ne po ol be ca us at ed
e (2 ) Tw o no rm al of fs
( 1) Th ey ar e re ce ss pr in gs
iv e an d ca rri ed by (3 ) Tw o un af fe ct ed
he te ro zy go us individu so ns
al s. (4 ) Se co nd si bl in g
(2 ) Th ey ar e re ce ss iv
e an d carri ed by 27 4. A pe rs on w ho is
ho m ozy go us individu th e be gi nn er of th e fa
als. m ily
(3 ) Th ey sh ow ge ne hi st or y , in a pe di gr ee
tic dri ft. an al ys is, is ca ll ed
(4 ) Th ey ar e fo rm ed ( 1) Si bl in gs
re peatedly . (2 ) K in dr ed
69 . W hi ch of th e foll (3 ) Pr o ba nd
owin g sta te m ents ab ou ( 4 ) Pr op os itu s
m ut at io ns is fal se? t 27 5. In hu m a n ge ne
ti cs , pe di gr ee stu dy
(1 ) O rg an is m s ar e ab a st ro pro vide s
l e to crea te m ut ations ng to ol , w hi ch is ut ilise d
m ee t th ei r sp ecifi c ne to in he rit an ce of to tra ce the
ed s.
(2 ) M ut at io ns ar e th ( 1) A sp ecifi c tra it
e so ur ce of ne w al le le (2 ) A bn or m a lity
fo r ge nes. s (3 ) D is ea se
(3) M os t m ut at ions (4 ) Al l of th em
te nd to be harm fu l or 27 6. W hi ch on e of th
ha ve no ef fe ct en or ga e fo llo wi ng is hc rcd
ni sm s. ch ar ac te r of bloo d ? ita r-
-
 Principles of Inheritan ce & Variation @m
( I) N ucle us
( J ) Haem B lo od g rour
((42 )) N
on e or th ese
\ ., 77 Doub le lines in p cd i~re~ .111 . .·
• • . ~ , , 11Y s ts s 110w :
, ( I) C onsa 11 g u111 ~ous tnarri:ig e
(.? ) Norm a l m::it111 g
(3) Sex un spcc itkJ
(-+) Un::itkctcd ol1spri11 g
Wh a t docs it show?
27s. Matc h th e columns I a nd 11 with respect to
Ped igree a n a lys is. (I) Inherita nce ofa recess ive sex-linked

I
--
-~- Column-I --------I di sease like colour-blindn ess
(2) Inheritance of a sex-linked inborn error of
A. C irc le P.
Column-II
Female
J metabolism like phenylketonu ria
(3) Inheritance of a condition like Thalassemia
8. Square is an autosomal recessive trait
Q. Mating ( 4) Inheritance of a condition like Thalassernia
C. Singl e line is an autosomal dominant trait
R. Male

D.
between circle
& square

Double line Consangui-

===D
matD[}--
282. Which of the following symbols represents

-o
S. (I)
between circle neous
& square
(2) n ; r'\
(I ) A-R, B-P, C-Q, D-S (3) l__J;-\ __j
(2) A - Q , B - R, C-P, D-S
(3) A- P , B - R, C-Q, D-S
(4) A-Q, B-P, C-R,D- S
(4)
279. Which one is the incorrect match?
( 1) CJ=O mating 283. The symbol used inpecligree chart to represent
consan ieous mating?
(2) 0 Sex unspecified
(3) Q Female
(4) ■ e Affected
individuals (1) 17 /'-..
?80. A pedigree is shown b e l ow for a. disease thatf (2) ~
.
is autosomal dominant. The genetic makeup o
the first generation is
Genera tion J

Ccnerati on 11 (3)

• Gen era tion III

( 2 ) Aa and aa
(4)
A--,---,-----=-~-=
•
-:~:::::;:--- -o•
Mendelian Disorders
(1) AA and Aa
(3) Aa and AA ( 4 ) Aa andAa • . d'1sorders may be grouped
284 _ Broadly, genet1~
~I. Study the ped igree c h a rt given below.
into two categories -
 Pd nci pk s ,. I 11 hc rita ucc & Va ri ati on
1
0

is (2) Phenylketon uri•.

Cystic fi b r~s (4) Cr eti nis m 0

(l) l\1n iµ, 1111 .11 1 d1-..P 1lk 1" " I\ kii d c l 1: 111 ( I ) 11 acm orh il1 a
'
(J )
. .
d, -..l,rdcr-.. . ys tra ns m1 tte d d1r
. , tcr is a 1wa eq,
t ~) :\tcrH h.:1 1:111 d1-..llllkis :illd ( 1 111 1n s o 111 : il
lll
z9 1.1 r ac hclr ac llh i ss on san d from then. '
fro m a father ~o ~
d1-. .llld l I S
11 their son s, the n wh ich chrom
0

I ( ·111 0 111u s o 11 1·, 11

oson
1)) l\ h , 1~: 1111 :111 d1 M11 lk1
s :1m son s to a fi r the cha rac ter ? .
d1 sl1n krs
carri es the ge ne o
(I) X - Chrom oso me
t-n . j ... . . lcrs
I\ hwg.at11:l11 dlS llt'U.' I S ,11 1!( ,cm :( 1ISO l l '
l
Z~=" - :\ k th.ic h:1n th Slll ·tk rs arc 111 .1111
· I lcte nni n cd by (2) y - Ch rom oso me
• Yl (3) Au tos om e
.ilt l·r:1ti tm nr mu tati on in the
----- (4 ) No ne of the se
l I) S ing.le cod on (2) Si ngle bas e
{3 ) Y\1u ltip le gen e (4) Sin g le gen e 292. Predict from th e fio Bo wi ng ch art
.:!86. TIH.' pat ter n of inh erit anc e of
Me ~de lian
•
di sorders can be traced in
a family by
the- -
---
( 1)Ishiharas cha rt
(.:n Physical examination of the hea
d of the
family (1) Ch ara cte r is sex lin ke d
(3 ) Pedigree analysis rec ess ive .
(2) Ch ara cte r is car rie d by Y
(4 ) EL ISA tes t chromosomes
(3) Ch ara cte r is do mi na nt an
d car rie d by X
i87 . Identify a Mendelian disord chr om oso me s.
er from the
follow ing: (4) Ch ara cte r is rec ess ive aut
oso ma l.
(1) Down 's syndrome
293. Which on e of the fol low
(2) Phenylketonuria ing sta tem ent s is
(3) Turner 's syndrome wrong?
(4) Klinefelter's syndrome (I) Th ere are six dif fer ent ge
no typ es of the
hu ma n AB O blo od typ es.
288. Which of the following are
Mendelian (2) AB O blo od gro up ing pro
disorders ? vid es a good
( 1) Haemophilia, Cystic fibros exa mp le of mu ltip le all ele s .
is (3) Me nd eli an dis ord ers can no
(2) Phenylketonuria, Thala t be traced in a
I

ssernia 1

(3) Sicklecell anaemia, Colou family by the pe dig ree ana lys
r blindness is.
(4) All of them (4) Th e gen eti c ma ke -up of
the spe rm
289. The followi ng Jine s indica det erm ine s the sex of the chi ld.
te which concept of
inheritance? 294. In hu ma n gen eti c cou nse
lin g, wh ich on e of the
A. Few egs. are Haemophili a, following tec hn iqu es is em plo
Cystic fibrosis ye d ?
B . These disorders are tran (l) Po lyp loi dy
smitted to the
offspring on the same lines (2) Am nio cen tes is
as in the
principl e of inh eritance. (3) Ge net ic eng ine eri ng
C. The pattern of inheritance of (4) Ped igr ee ana lys is
can be traced
in a family by the pedigree analys 295. In !h.e fol low ing pe dig
is ree ch art , the mutant
( I) Mendelian inheritance
trait ts sha ded bla ck. Th e ge ne
(2) Suttonian inheritance the trait is res po nsi bl e for
(3) Morganian inheritance
(4) Downs inheritance
290 . ~i ch of the following is
diseas e? not a hereditary